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Contents:
University Examination Papers of 3rd
Professional Part- II (2008-2014)
University Examination Papers of 3rd
Professional Part- II, Supplementary (2008-
2014)
Semester Questions (8th & 9th Sem) of
2014-15 of all 11 colleges of WBUHS (having
batch : 2010-11)
THANKS GIVING
I am thankful to the persons who have provided me with the questions of some supplementary
MB examinations & Semesters of their respective colleges either personally or by posting
them on facebook. So, I would like to thank them:
Special thanks to Sunavo, Mainak & Aniruddha (BMC) for helping me in collecting some
semester questions.
A lot of thanks to MD. SALIM USUF, BMC for helping me in Chapterwise distribution of the
questions.
And finally, thank you for deciding to go through this question bank.
I do hope that you will find this question bank helpful in your preparation of 3rd Professional,
Part - II MBBS (WBUHS). Questions have been presented here groupwise (particularly,
the university papers) so as to give you an orientation regarding the university(West
Bengal University of Health Science) Question pattern of individual subjects.
Regards
Mehboob-ul Islam, BMC
(immehboob@gmail.com)
GLOSSARY:
T/t : Treatment
M/m : Management
C/f : Clinical Features
D/d : Differential diagnoses
Yr/yrs : Years
Wt : weight
Ds: Disease
DM : Diabetes Mellitus
AF : Atrial Fibrillation
IMPORTANT NOTES.
SURGERY
GENERAL SURGERY
GASTROINTESTINAL SURGERY
UROLOGY
SPECIALITIES
ORTHOPAEDICS _Pg:57
MEDICINE
1. CARDIOLOGY _Pg:64
2. PULMONOLOGY _Pg:69
3. NEUROLOGY _Pg:73
4. GASTROENTEROLOGY _Pg:79
5. NEPHROLOGY _Pg:83
6. ENDOCRINOLOGY _Pg:87
7. RHEUMATOLOGY _Pg:91
8. HAEMATOLGY _Pg:94
9. INFECTIOUS DISEASE _Pg:97
10. DERMATOLOGY _Pg:101
11. PSYCHIATRY_Pg: 103
12. NUTRITION_Pg:104
13. IMMUNOLOGY & CANCER GENETICS_Pg:105
14. ACID BASE IMBALANCE_Pg:107
15. MEDICAL EMERGENCIES_Pg:107
PAEDIATRICS
1. NORMAL GROWTH &ITS DISORDERS _Pg: 166
2. DEVELOPMENT_Pg: 166
3. ADOLESCENT HEALTH &DEVELOPMENT_Pg:166
4. FLUID &ELECTROLYTE DISTURBANCES_Pg:167
5. NUTRITION _Pg:167
6. MICRONUTRIENTS IN HEALTH &DISEASE_Pg:168
7. NEWBORN INFANTS _Pg:169
8. IMMUNIZATION & IMMUNODEFICIENCY_Pg:172
9. INFECTIONS & INFESTATION_Pg:172
10. DISEASE OF GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM_Pg:174
11. HAEMATOGICAL DISORDERS_Pg:175
12. DISORDERS OF RESPIRATORY SYSTEM _Pg:177
13. DISORDER OF CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM_Pg:179
14. DISORDER OF KIDNEY & URINARY TRACT_Pg: _Pg:
15. ENDOCRINE & METABOLIC DISORDERS_Pg:182
16. CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM_Pg:183
17. NRUROMUSCULAR DISORDERS_Pg:186
18. CHILDHOOD MALIGNANCY_Pg:186
19. RHEUMATOLOGICAL DISORDERS_Pg:186
20. GENETIC DISORDERS_Pg:186
21. INBORN ERRORS OF METABOLISM_Pg:187
22. SKIN DISORDER_Pg:187
DISCLAIMER
Some questions of every subject fall under different chapters. In such cases, they have
been given in one chapter. This is of concern particularly regarding the clinical
problems. Inconvenienced caused due to this is deeply regretted.
SELF NOTES
GENERAL SURGERY
Ch 1: WOUND, KELOID AND HYPERTROPHIC
SCAR
LONG QUESTIONS
1. Define and classify wound. Discuss the factors influencing wound healing. Write
in brief management of Diabetic ulcer affecting foot, in middle aged man. (4+5+6)
[11]
2. Define and classify wound. Discuss various factors influencing wound healing.
Discuss in brief the management of Diabetic foot. (5+5+5) [09]
3. Classify wounds. Describe the pathophysiology of wound healing. What are the
common causes of burst abdomen? (4+6+5) (NRS) [9th sem]
4. Describe and classify wounds. Discuss various factors influencing wound healing.
Describe in brief M/m of a diabetic foot . (5+5+5) (BMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 1}
LONG QUESTIONS
1. Define and classify Surgical Site Infections. Enumerate the risk factors for the
development of surgical site infections. Discuss the role of antibiotic prophylaxis
in respect different class of surgical wounds. (2.5+2.5+5+5) (IPGMER) [9th sem]
3. Collar Stud Abscess Collar stud abscess [09, supple] {Paper 2} (BMC) [8th Sem]
LONG QUESTIONS
1. What is tetanus? Describe clinical features and management. (2+6+7) (BSMC) [9th
sem] {paper 1}
2. Discuss pathogenesis of tetanus. Write briefly the clinical features and T/t of
an established case of tetanus. (5+5+5) (MMC) [9th Sem]
1. Venous ulcer [13] {Paper 1}, [14, supple] {Paper 2}, [09, supple] {Paper 2} , [08]
{Paper 2}, (CMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 1} (R G Kar) [8th Sem]
2. Decubitus ulcer [12] {Paper 1}, (RG Kar) [9th sem] {Paper 2}
1. Define claudication. What are the grades of claudication? How will you manage
a case of buergers disease with dry gangrene of foot? (2+4+9) [10, supple]
1. D.V.T. [11] {Paper 1}, [12, supple] {Paper 2}, (BSMC) [9th sem] {paper 2}
1. Marjolins ulcer[13] {Paper 2}, [11, supple] {Paper 1}, [09, supple] {Paper 2} , (R G
Kar), (MMC) [8th Sem], (RG Kar) [9th sem] {Paper 1}
5. Basal cell carcinoma [09] {Paper 1}, (NRS) [9th sem], (BMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 1}
2. What are the indications of blood transfusion? What are its complications? What
do you understand by massive blood transfusion? (3+8+4) [14, supple]
3. What are the types of Haemorrhage? What are the methods of determining
acute blood loss? How would you treat haemorrhage? (3+6+6) [12]
4. Define shock. Discuss the pathophysiology of septic shock. How would you manage
a patient suffering from septic shock? (2+6+7) [12, supple]
5. Define shock. What are its different types? Outline the management of a patient
presenting with features of septic shock. (2+4+9) [11, supple]
6. Classify haemorrhage. How will you determine the amount of blood loss? (3+5+7)
[09, supple]
7. Define and classify shock. How will you assess and treat a case of haemorrhage
shock? Mention the complication of blood transfusion. (2+2+5+3+3) [08]
8. What are the coagulation factors? Write in detail about the mechanism of
Hemostasis. (5+10) [10]
9. Define and classify shock. Discuss the pathogenesis and management of a patient
with a septic shock. (2+3+10) (MC,K) [8th Sem]
10. Define shock. What are the clinical features of septic shock? Outline the
management of septic shock. (3+5+7) (RG Kar) [8th Sem]
11. Classify shock. describe the pathology and management of septic shock. (3+6+6)
(BSMC) [8th Sem]
12. Enumerrate the diferent blood fractions and discuss the indications of their use.
Discuss in brief the complication of whole blood transfusion. (10+5) (RG Kar) [9th
sem] {Paper 1}
14. Mention the complications of blood transfusion. What are the blood substitutes?
(10+5) (Kalyani) [9th Sem] {Paper 1}
1. A 30 yr old lady presented with severe abdominal pain and shock. Discuss the
differential diagnosis and outline the management. (6+9) [13, supple]
SHORT NOTES
6. Complication of blood transfusion (KPC) [9th Sem] {Paper 1}, (BSMC) [8th Sem]
2. Classify burn. How will you assess and manage a 35 year old woman weighing 60
kgs admitted with 40% burn? (3+5+7) [08, supple]
3. Classify burns. What are the immediate and delayed complications of burn injury?
How will you manage a patient with 40% burns and 60 kg body wt. (5+5+5) (NRS)
[9th sem]
5. How will you assess the severity of thermal burns? How will you manage such a
patient in emergency? What are the complications of burn? (4+6+5) (CMC) [9th
Sem] {Paper 1
6. Give the detailed protocol for initial resuscitation for a moderately severe burn
patient (flame burn).How would you evaluate and manage associated inhalation
injury, if any? Discuss the role of topical antibiotics. (5+5+5) (IPGMER) [8th Sem]
8. A young man of 50 kg body weight come to you with 40% burns. How will you
assess and treat and what are the complications? (3+7+5) (KPC) [9th Sem] {Paper
1}
9. Outlin ethe M/m of a 50 yr old female patient with 65 kg body wt, who has
presented with 30% B.S.A. burn. (15) (BMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 1}
SHORT NOTES
3. Skin grafting [08] {Paper 2},(Kalyani) [9th Sem] {Paper 2}, (BSMC) [9th sem] {paper
1},
6. Post Burn Contracture [10, supple] {Paper 2}, (CNMC), (BMC) [8th Sem]
10. Split thickness skin grafting [11] {Paper 2}, (RG Kar) [9th sem] {Paper 2}
1. What are the normal value of different body electrolytes? What are the
electrolyte changes in a patient of long standing pyloric stenosis and how do they
occur? How do yuou prepare such a patient before elective operation? (5+5+5)
[13, supple]
2. How is the acid balance maintained in the body normally, with special reference
to the role of lung and kidney? What are the common causes of metabolic acidosis
and its management? What is anion gap and what is its clinical significance?
(5+5+5) (IPGMER) [8th Sem]
3. Give a brief account of electrolyte balance in the human body. What are the
electrolyte changes in a patient of long standing pyloric stenosis? How do you
prepare such a patient of long standing pyloric stenosis? How do you prepare such
a patient before an elective operation? (6+4+5) (MMC) [8th Sem]
3. Ludwigs angina [10] {Paper 2}, (IPGMER) [9th sem], (RG Kar) [9th sem] {Paper 2}
5. Dermoid cyst [08] {Paper 2}, [08, supple] {Paper 2}, (MC,K), (R G Kar) [8th Sem]
4. Epulis [08, supple] {Paper 2},[11], [10, supple] {Paper 2},(KPC) [9th Sem] {Paper 2}
8. Dentigerous cyst [14] {Paper 2} ,[12, supple], [14, supple] {Paper 2}, (IPGMER) [9th
sem], (BMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 2}
12. Cleft lip [13] {Paper 2}, (BMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 2}, (RG Kar) [9th sem] {Paper 2},
(CNMC) [8th Sem]
13. Ranula [08, supple] {Paper 2}, (CMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 1}
1. Classify salivary gland tumours. How will you manage a case of parotid swelling in
a 50 year aged male patient? (CNMC) [8th Sem]
3. Parotid Abscess [14, supple] {Paper 2}, [11] {Paper 2}, (MMC) [8th Sem]
4. Classify thyroid malignancies. How will you manage a case of follicular carcinoma
of thyroid? (5+10) [10, supple]
9. Discuss the types with management of different thyroid malignancies. (15) (CMC)
[9th Sem] {Paper 2}
2. A 35 year old lady presents with a Solitary thyroid nodule in right lobe. How would
you come to diagnosis and manage such a patient? (8+7) [09]
3. How will you approach a solitary thyroid nodule? (15) (KPC) [8th Sem]
4. Classify goiters. How will you investigate and treat a 60 year old male presenting
with right sided thyroid swelling? (5+4+6) (NBMC) [8th Sem]
5. A 40 years women presented with solitary thyroid nodule. How will you manage
the case? (15) (BSMC) [9th sem] {paper 2}
SHORT NOTES
2. Thyroglossal cyst [13] {Paper 2}, [08] {Paper 2} (KPC) [9th Sem] {Paper 1}, (BMC)
[9th Sem] {Paper 2}, (RG Kar) [9th sem] {Paper 2}
4. Solitary thyroid nodule [09, supple] {Paper 2}, (NRS) [8th Sem]
2. Discuss the clinical features of phaeochromocytoma. How will you diagnose this
condition? Give an outline of management. (5+5+5) [13, supple]
3. What are the functions of parathormone? Write in detail about clinical features,
investigation and treatment of hyperparathyroidism. (3+4+4+4) [10]
5. Discuss the clinical features of Phaeochromocytoma. How will you diagnose this
condition. Give an outline of management? (5+5+5) (MMC) [8th Sem]
1. Pheochromocytoma [14, supple] {Paper 1},(MC,K) [8th Sem], (NRS) [9th sem],
(BMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 2}
Ch 21: BREAST
LONG QUESTIONS
2. Classify carcinoma of breast. How will you investigate and manage a case of early
Carcinoma of Breast in a 40 year old lady. (4+5+6) [11]
3. What is early breast carcinoma? How will you manage it? (5+10) (Kalyani) [8th
Sem]
5. Classify benign breast ds. Briefly describe the M/m of a case of early breast
cancer. (5+10) (BMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 2}
6. What is locally advanced breast carcinoma? Outline the M/m of such case. (7+8)
(Kalyani) [9th Sem] {Paper 2}
1. How will you assess a breast lump in an elderly woman? Outline the treatment
option of an early breast cancer in an woman of 50 yrs. (6+9) [14, supple]
2. What are the different types of nipple discharges with their clinical
importances?how would you manage stage I carcinoma breast in a lady aged 40
years. (6+9) [12, supple]
3. A 55 yr old lady presents with a lump in upper and outer quadrant of right breast.
Discuss briefly the management of such a patient. (15) [09, supple]
4. Enumerate the causes of Breast lump. How will you manage a case of single lump
in right breast.(CNMC) [8th Sem]
5. What are the causes of nipple discharge? How will you manage a case of advanced
carcinoma of breast in a 45 years aged female. (CNMC) [8th Sem]
6. What are the causes of a painless breast lump in an elderly lady of 65 years of
age? How would you investigate and manage such a case? (5+10+10) (BMC) [8th
Sem]
8. Mention the causes of nipple discharge. How will you investigate and treat a case
of fibrocystic disease of breast? (5+5+5) (KPC) [9th Sem] {Paper 2}
SHORT NOTES
13. ANDI (BSMC) [9th sem] {paper 2}, (CMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 1}
GASTROINTESTINAL SURGERY
Ch 22: OESOPHAGUS & DIAPHRAGM
LONG QUESTIONS
LONG QUESTIONS: CLINICAL CASES
SHORT NOTES
2. What are all the causes of upper GI bleed? How will you manage acute variceal
bleeding? (8+7) [10]
9. Describe the important clinical features of a 50 years old male patient with
gastric outlet obstruction? How do you investigate the patient to come to a
diagnosis? Describe the management of gastric carcinoma in antrum? (4+4+7)
(RG Kar) [9th sem] {Paper 1}
SHORT NOTES
1. Congenital hypertrophic pyoric stenosis [10] {Paper 2}, (RG Kar) [9th sem] {Paper
2}
2. Tetany [08] {Paper 2}
Ch 24: LIVER
LONG QUESTIONS
1. What is hydatid cyst? Give a short account of the life cycle of the
parasite.write in short the pathology and management of hydatid cyst. (1+4+10)
(MMC) [8th Sem]
3. What are the causes of obstructive jaundice? Write about the management of
carcinoma head of pancreas. (5+10) [10]
5. What are the causes of obstructive jaundice. How do you establish the diagnosis.
Discuss the various option in the management of choledocholithiasis. (5+5+5) [08]
6. What are the causes of benign biliary strictures? Discuss the management of
retained stone in common bile duct. (5+10) [12]
9. Enumerate the causes of obstructive jaundice. How will you investigate? Describe
the preoperative management of such a jaundiced patient. (5+5+5) (Kalyani) [8th
Sem]
10. What are the common causes of obstructive jaundice? How will you investigate a
patient with obstructive jaundice? What are the surgical management of
choledocholithiasis? (5+5+5) (NRS) [9th sem]
11. Mention the causes of acute pancreatitis. How will you establish the diagnosis?
Discuss the management of acute gall stone pancreatitis. (5+5+5) (CNMC) [9th
Sem] {Paper 1}
13. A 50 year old female patient presented with obstructive jaundice. How will you
investigate the case to reach a diagnosis? (8+7) (BSMC) [8th Sem]
1. Gall stone ileus [14, supple] {Paper 1}, (RG Kar) [9th sem] {Paper 1}
8. ERCP (RG Kar) [9th sem] {Paper 2}, (BMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 2}
11. Choledochal Cyst (BSMC) [9th sem] {paper 2}, (Kalyani) [9th sem] {paper 2}
Ch 26: SPLEEN
LONG QUESTIONS
1. How will you evaluate, grade and manage a case of blunt splenic trauma? (3+4+8)
[10, supple]
1. Complication of splenectomy [13, supple] {Paper 1}, (RG Kar) [9th sem] {Paper 2}
1. Define and classify intestinal obstruction. How will you diagnose and treat small
intestinal obstruction? (5+5+5) [09, supple]
1. What are the diseases of umbilicus? What are the presentation and treatment
of Meckels diverticulum? (3+7+5) [14, supple]
3. Meckels Diverticulum [08, supple] {Paper 1}, (BMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 2}, (R G Kar)
[8th Sem], (RG Kar) [9th sem] {Paper 1}
1. A 50 years male patient presents with bleeding per rectum. How will you
investigate and manage the patient. (7+8) [14]
3. Enumerate the different diagnosis of painless fresh bleeding per rectum. Plan
the investigation and the treatment of carcinoma of sigmoid colon. (3+5+7) [10,
supple]
4. Classify colonic tumours. How will you manage a 60 years old man presenting
with fresh bleeding per rectum. (5+10) [13]
5. Enumerate the common causes of bleeding per rectum in a 40 years old male patient.
How do you examine and investigate the patient to come to a diagnosis? Outline the
management of Carcinoma of upper third of rectum without any metastasis. (3+4+4+4)
(RG Kar) [9th sem] {Paper 1}
6. What are the causes of fresh bleeding per rectum? How will you proceed to investigate
a case of rectosigmoid malignancy? (5+3+7) (KPC) [9th Sem] {Paper 1}
1. What are the causes of bleeding per rectum? Outline the M/m of a 60 yr patient
suffering from bleeding per rectum.(5+10) (Kalyani) [9th Sem] {Paper 1}
SHORT NOTES
1. Anorectal malformation [13] {Paper 1}, [09] {Paper 2}, (IPGMER) [8th Sem]
4. Wax bath [13],[11], [08, supple] {Paper 2}, (KPC) [9th Sem] {Paper 2}, (MMC) [9th
Sem]
8. Fistula in ano [14] {Paper 2},[10] {Paper 2}, (BSMC) [9th sem] {paper 1}, (Kalyani)
[8th Sem], (Kalyani) [9th sem] {paper 2}
1. What is meant by appendicular lump? What are the clinical features and
outcomes? Outline the management of appendicular lump. (2+7+6) (RG Kar) [8th
Sem]
1. what are the causes of lump in right iliac fossa. Describe the M/m of Ac.
Appendicular lump. (7+8) (Kalyani) [9th Sem] {Paper 1}
SHORT NOTES
Ch 34: HERNIA
LONG QUESTIONS
1. A male patient presented with irreducible inguinal hernia on the right side of 6
hrs duration. How would you proceed to manage the patient? (15) [12, supple]
2. Mentions the complications of hernia. Discuss the C/f & M/m of strangulated
inguinal hernia. (5+5+5) (NBMC) [9th Sem]
1. What are the causes of weeping umbilicus? Discuss the problems related to
vitelline intestinal duct and their remedy. (5+5+5) [09]
SHORT NOTES
1. A 10 year old boy brought to emergency in shock stage with history of blunt
trauma in left upper quadrant of abdomen. How will you prefer to treat the
patient and follow up subsequently? (10+5) (NBMC) [8th Sem]
1. What are the causes of lump in right iliac fossa? Outline the diagnosis and
management of appendicular lump. (3+6+6) [13, supple]
2. Middle aged patient presented with a big tense cystic lump in the upper
abdomen following an attack of acute abdomen. How would you investigate the
patient and plan the management? (8+7) [12]
3. How would you proceed to investigate and manage a 50 year old man presenting
with a lump in left iliac region and irregular bowel habit. (6+9) [12, supple]
4. What are the causes of lump in RIF in a male patient of 40 years old? How do
you investigate and treat such a patient? (5+5+5) [11, supple]
5. A forty five year old lady presents with acute upper abdominal pain, discuss the
differential diagnosis and management of such apatient. (7+8) [11]
6. A middle aged male patient presents with an epigastric pain. Discuss the
differential diagnosis. How would you investigate to come to a diagnosis? (8+7)
[09]
7. A 40 yr old male patient has come to the emergency with acute pain in the right
hypochondrium. How will you make a clinical diagnosis? Outline the treatment
strategy in such a patient. (5+10) [08, supple]
9. A male patient of 40 years age presented with an epigastric lump. Mention the
probable causes and the management. (CNMC) [8th Sem]
10. A 40 year old man presents with severe pain starting over the epigastrium and
spreading all over. How would you proceed with the diagnosis and management?
(8+7) (RG Kar) [8th Sem]
11. A 40 year male alcoholic was admitted with severe pain abdomen with radiation
to the back and relief with stooping. Physical examination was grossly
insignificant. How will you proceed to diagnose, asses the severity and manage
the patient. (5+5+5) (IPGMER) [8th Sem]
12. A 45 yr old gentleman presented with intractable anemia and a painless lump in
right iliac fossa of 3 months duration. How would you investigate, stage, assess
the operability and plan a comprehensive management of the problem (brief
putline only) (5+2.5+2.5+5) (IPGMER) [9th sem]
14. A 30 years female patient presented with acute lower abdomen pain. How will
you investigate and manage the patient. (8+7) (BSMC) [9th sem] {paper 1}
15. A 35 yrs old female patient presents with abdomen pain, vomiting and fever.
How will you manage the patient. (15) (CNMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 1}
16. What are the causes of Right iliac fossa pain? Describe the M/m of acute
appendicitis. (7+8) (BMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 1}
17. Enumerate the causes of lump in right iliac fossa and discuss the differential
diagnosis. How will you manage a case of appendicular lump? (3+7+5) (MMC) [9th
Sem]
18. What are the causes of acute abdominal pain arising from epigastric region?
How chronic alcoholism leads to acute pancreatitis? Describe briefly the clinical
features and investigations required in case of acute pancreatitis. (3+3+5+4)
(MMC) [9th Sem]
UROLOGY
Ch 38: INVESTIGATION OF THE URINARY
TRACT
LONG QUESTIONS
LONG QUESTIONS: CLINICAL CASES
SHORT NOTES
Ch 39: KIDNEY&URETER
LONG QUESTIONS
2. What are the different types of renal calculi? Discuss the clinical features and
management of renal calculi. (3+4+8) [14, supple]
5. A 40 years old gentleman presented with bilateral knobby Renal lump in the
abdomen. How do you investigate and treat such a patient (Operational details
not required). (7+8) [12]
6. Classify Renal neoplasms. How will you diagnose and manage a case of renal
carcinoma? (4+5+6) [11]
9. Enumerate the clinical features of, pathology and management of RCC. (4+3+8)
(KPC) [8th Sem]
10. Classify renal injury. Discuss clinical features and management of a patient
having injury in the left kidney following blunt trauma in left loin. (4+5+6) (MMC)
[8th Sem]
11. Define hydronephrosis. Describe causes and its management. (15) (BSMC) [9th
sem] {paper 2}
13. A 50 yrs old female patient with lump in right lumbar region presents with
hematuria. What are the causes and how will you investigate the patient? Give
an outline of management of RCC. (5+5+5) (CNMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 2}
2. Describe the types of bladder and urethral injuries with clinical features and
management. (3+5+7) (CMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 2}
8. Management options for urinary bladder stones (CMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 2}
6. What are the causes of acute retention of urine in an elderly male patient. Plan the
investigation & T/t in such a case. (3+6+6) (BMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 2}
7. Enumerate the causes of retention of urine. How will you manage a case of retention of
urine in a 60 yr old man? (5+10) (KPC) [9th Sem] {Paper 2}
1. PSA [12]
2. Fourniers gangrene [13] {Paper 1},[09] {Paper 2}(BMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 2}
3. Hypospadias [13, supple] {Paper 2}, [11, supple] {Paper 2}, [09, supple] {Paper 2} ,
(BMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 2}, (CNMC), (BMC) [8th Sem], (BSMC) [9th sem] {paper 2}
6. Torsion of testes [12] {Paper 2}, (RG Kar) [9th sem] {Paper 2}, (MMC) [9th Sem]
8. Varicocele [10] {Paper 2} ,(BSMC) [9th sem] {paper 2}, (R G Kar) [8th Sem]
9. Complication of undescended testis [09] {Paper 2}, (Kalyani) [9th sem] {paper 2}
2. Enumerate the causes of haematuria. How will you confirm the diagnosis?
What will you do for a patient diagnosed to have carcinoma of urinary bladder?
(5+5+5) [08]
3. Describe the causes, investigations and treatment of a 40 year old male patient
presenting with hematuria. (5+5+5) (NRS) [8th Sem]
4. How would you proceed to investigate a 65 yr old gentleman presenting with painless
hematuria for 3 wks duration. Give the outline of management of acute retention in
this elderly gentleman. Give the brief outline of the options of management of RCC.
(5+5+5) (IPGMER) [9th sem]
5. What are the common causes of hematuria? Briefly discuss the C/f and M/m of renal
carcinoma. (5+5+5) (NBMC) [9th Sem]
6. A 60 years male patient presented with haematuria, how do you investigate the case
to come to a diagnosis. How will you manage the case. (8+7) (BSMC) [9th sem] {paper
1}
7. Discuss causes, investigations and treatment of haematuria. (4+3+8) [14,
supple]
8. A 50 year old gentleman presented with painless hematuria. What may be the
possible causes? How would you investigate the case? Give an outline of the
management. (5+5+5) [13]
SPECIALITIES
Ch 44: CARDIOTHORASIC SURGERY
LONG QUESTIONS
LONG QUESTIONS: CLINICAL CASES
SHORT NOTES
1. Flail Chest [14], [08] {Paper 2}, [11] {Paper 2} (KPC) [8th Sem], (NBMC) [9th Sem]
3. Intercostal Chest Drain , (Kalyani) [8th Sem] ,(NRS) [9th sem], (KPC) [9th Sem]
{Paper 2}
4. Tension Pneumothorax [13, supple] {Paper 2},[09], [10, supple] {Paper 2}, (NBMC) [8th
Sem], (CMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 2}, (MMC) [9th Sem], (BMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 2}, (BSMC)
[9th sem] {paper 2}, (MMC) [9th Sem], (RG Kar) [9th sem] {Paper 2}, (Kalyani) [9th sem]
{paper 2}
5. Empyema thoracis [10] {Paper 2}, [08, supple], [09, supple], [13, supple] {Paper 2}
14. Intercostal Chest Tube (ICT) (indication and brief outlines of method of insertion)
(IPGMER) [9th sem], (CNMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 2}, (BSMC) [9th sem] {paper 2}
4. Spinal Anaesthesia [13] {Paper 2} ,[11] {Paper 2}, (Kalyani) [8th Sem]
10. Brachytherapy [11, supple], [12, supple] {Paper 2}, (KPC) [8th Sem]
11. Complications of Radiotherapy [09], [09, supple] {Paper 2}, (Kalyani) [9th sem] {paper 2}
13. Regional anesthesia [09, supple] {Paper 2}, (BMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 2}
ORTHOPAEDICS
SHORT NOTES :
2. Osteochondroma [14]
14. Non union of fracture [13, supple], (Kalyani) [9th Sem] {Paper 1}
57. Sequestrum [08], [11, supple], [12, supple], (Kalyani) [9th Sem] {Paper 1}
66. Giant Cell Tumor (R G Kar) [8th Sem], (BMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 1}
67. Colles Fracture (R G Kar) [8th Sem], (BMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 1} complication of (CNMC)
68. Volkmanns Ischaemic Contracture (R G Kar) [8th Sem], pathophysiology of (CNMC) [9th
Sem] {Paper 1}
72. Chronic Osteomyelitis (R G Kar) [8th Sem], (CMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 1}
77. Pathogenesis and Clinical features of Perthes Disease (KPC) [8th Sem]
81. Complication of Supracondylar fracture (of humerus) in children (BMC) [8th Sem], (BMC)
89. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (BSMC) [8th Sem] (CNMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 1}
92. Ewings Sarcoma (BSMC) [8th Sem], (CMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 1}
96. Osteoclastoma (BSMC) [9th sem] {paper 1}, (NBMC) [9th Sem]
110. Anterior dislocation of Shoulder- clinical features, clinical tests (NRS) [9th sem]
122. Management of osteoclastoma of upper end of tibia (CNMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 1}
131. Anterior dislocation of shoulder- presentation & M/m (BMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 1}
Ch 1: CARDIOLOGY
LONG QUESTIONS
1. What is acute coronary syndrome? How do you manage a case of acute myocardial
infarction in a 65 year old hypertensive patient? (3+7) [14] {Paper 1}
2. What do you mean by Atrial Fibrillation (AF) and lone AF? What are the common
causes and usual consequence of AF? Enumerate the drugs used in the T/t of AF.
(2+6+2) [14, Supple] {Paper 1}
4. Define unstable angina. How will you examine, investigate and manage a case of
unstable angina in a 50 years old patient. (2+8) [12] {Paper 1}
5. Discuss the 1st 12 hr of M/m of AMI in a 60 yr old patient. (10) [12, Supple] {Paper
1}
6. Define heart failure. Enumerate different types of heart failure. (2+8) [11]
{Paper 1}
7. How do you approach in a 26 years female patient with bipedal swelling and anemia
with h/o fever for last 3 months? (10) [13, Supple] {Paper 1}
8. What are the clinical and laboratory (including ECG) features of acute myocardial
infarction? Discuss its management in first six hours. (2+3+5) [08] {Paper 1}
9. What are the causes of secondary hypertension? Discuss the treatment and
complication of malignant hypertension. (3+4+3) [08] {Paper 1}
10. What are the common causes of chest pain in a 40 year old male? What are the
diagnostic test for acute myocardial infarction? (6+4) [08, supple] {Paper 1}
11. A 55-year old female has come to the Emergency with acute precordial chest
pain. How do you proceed to diagnose the cased? (10) [11] {Paper 1}
12. Discuss the M/m of Heart failure. (10) [11, Supple] {Paper 1}
13. What are the causes, clinical features and diagnostic features of acute
pericarditis? (4+4+3) [10] {Paper 1}
14. Describe the clinical features and management of a patient with AMI. (10) [10,
supple] {Paper 1}
15. Draw a diagram of conduction system of the heart. Mention etiology of irregular
pulse. Outline the management of atrial fibrillation. (3+3+4) [09, supple] {Paper
1}
16. What are the clinical manifestation of infective endocarditis? What are the
diagnostic tests done for it? Discuss the principle of treatment of infective
endocarditis.(3+3+4) [08, supple] {Paper 1}
18. How will you diagnose and treat a case of Unstable Angina? (15) (MC,K) [8th Sem]
19. What are the causes of Acute dyspnea? How will you approach a case of acute dyspnea?
(15) (CNMC) [8th Sem]
20. What are the major clinical types of infective Endocarditis and its common causative
organisms? Describe in brief the clinical features and management of Infective
Endocarditis. (15) (IPGMER) [8th Sem]
21. Define heart failure. Enumerate the causes of left ventricular failure. Discuss clinical
features, diagnosis and treatment of left heart failure. (20) (Kalyani) [8th Sem]
22. Describe patho-physiology of Heart failure. Treatment outline of acute left heart failure
in a case with atrial fibrillation. (BMC) [8th Sem]
23. Discuss systolic murmur in apex with and without radiation. (BMC) [8th Sem]
24. What are the clinical features of Superior Vena caval syndrome. Make a differential
diagnosis. (Kalyani) [8th Sem]
25. Enumerate four anti-hypertensive drugs of different groups detailing their generic
names, mechanism of action, doses and side effects. (Kalyani) [8th Sem]
26. Diagnosis and management of sub-acute infective endocarditis. (10) (BMC) [9th Sem]
27. Enumerate risk factors of Coronary Artery Disease. Discuss management of Acute
Myocardial Infarction in 1st 6 hour. (2+8) (BSMC) [9th sem] {paper 1}
28. What are the common causes of Aortic Regurgitation. Describe the clinical features of
chronic aortic regurgitation. Give an outline of management of Chronic heart failure.
(4+5+6) (IPGMER) [9th sem]
29. Draw a diagram of conduction system of heart. Mention the etiology of irregular pulse.
Outline the management of atrial fibrillation. (3+3+4) (CNMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 1}
30. Describe the conducting system of heart with a diagram. Enumerate the different types
of heart block & outline the T/t. (4+2+4) (MC,K) [9th Sem] {Paper-1}
31. Define atrial fibrillation. Enumerate the important causes. How will you diagnose and
treat a case of atrial fibrillation? (2+3+5) (KPC) [9th Sem] {Paper-1}
32. Define hypertension. Describe the procedure measuring blood pressure. How do you
evaluate the causes of Secondary hypertension at bedside based on clinical examination
alone. (2+3+5) (RG Kar) [8th Sem]
33. Define heart failure. What are the types of heart failure? Describe M/m of Ac.
Left Ventricular failure. (2+5+8) (Kalyani) [9th Sem] {Paper 1}
34. D/D of acute chest pain and approach to it. (15)(CNMC) [8th Sem]
35. A 25 years old man presents with chest pain in the right side and fever for 7 days. What
are the possible causes? How will you proceed to arrive at diagnosis? Describe in brief
the management of most likely cause. (15) (IPGMER) [8th Sem]
36. A patient of rheumatic heart disease came to the MOPD with fever of three weeks
duration. On examination apart from heart murmurs and tachycardia, she had significant
pallor and mild splenomegaly. How will you investigate the case to reach the diagnosis.
How will you manage? (8+7) (MMC) [8th Sem]
37. How do you approach to diagnose a case of severe sudden onset chest pain. (10) (BMC)
[9th Sem] {Paper 1}
38. A 52 years old male attended the emergency with history of chest pain for 3 hours and
respiratory distress for 2 hours. He is diabetic, hypertensive and smoker. He gives
history of fever for 3 days and palpitation for 2 years. What re the possible diagnoses
you will suggest? What clinical features you will search? What minimum investigations
will you advise to come at a diagnosis? (3+4+3) (RG Kar) [9th sem] {Paper 1}
39. A 60 yr old male patient presents with chest pain with mild fever and cough. How do you
approach to reach a diagnosis? (10) (NRS) [9th Sem]
40. A 60 yr old male known diabetic and smoker presented with acute central chest pain.
How do you investigate the case? Mention the differential diagnoses. (9+6) (MMC) [9 th
Sem]
LONG QUESTIONS: CLINICAL CASES
SHORT NOTES
Ch 2: PULMONOLOGY
LONG QUESTIONS
1. Define Pneumonia. Classify Pneumonia. How will you treat a case of community
acquired Pneumonia? (2+3+5) [14] {Paper 2}
2. Describe in brief the management of acute severe asthma in an adult patient. (10)
[13] {Paper 2}
4. Discuss the etiopathogenesis and M/m of Bronchial asthma. (5+5) [09, Supple]
{Paper 2}
6. Define bronchial asthma . State the aims of therapy and principles of drug
therapy in acute severe asthma. (2+4+4) [12, Supple] {Paper 2}
7. What are the poor prognostic clinical features of acute severe asthma? How will
you manage such a patient?(10) [11] {Paper 2}
8. What are the clinical manifestation of a patient with lobar pneumonia? What are
the diagnostic tests and treatment plan for lobar pneumonia? (3+3+4) [08,
Supple] {Paper 2}
9. Define Acute Severe Asthma. How do you manage a case of Acute Severe Asthma. (2+8)
(RG Kar)) [8th Sem]
11. Outline the broncho pulmonary segments. Describe the C/f, diagnosis and M/m of acute
severe asthma. (3+4+3) (NBMC) [9th Sem]
12. Define bronchial asthma. What are the clinical features of poor prognosis in acute severe
asthma? How will you manage such a patient? (2+4+4)
13. Define chronic obstructive pulmonary ds. Enumerate causes of COPD. Differentiating
features of clinicxal bronchitis and empyema. (2+3+5) (KPC) [9th Sem] {Paper-2}
14. Enumerate etiologies of pneumonia in different clinical settings. How will you diagnose
and treat community acquired pneumonia? (3+4+3) (BSMC) [9th sem] {paper 2}
15. Describe the pathophysiology of pneumonia. Write a briefly the etiology, C/f & M/m of
community acquired pneumonia. (4+6) (MC,K) [9th Sem] {Paper-2}
1. A 60yr old male presents with haemoptysis. What are the likely causes? How will
you manage such a case? (2+8) [14, Supple] {Paper 2}
2. Define haemoptysis. What are the different causes? Discuss T/t of haemoptysis.
(2+4+4) [08, Supple] {Paper 2}
3. A 26 yr old female came to emergency with sudden onset gum bleeding and
purpuric rash over trunk with a h/o fever for 3 days. How will you examina and
investigate the patient to reach a diagnosis? (10) [12, Supple] {Paper 2}
4. A man aged 50 year is losing weight for sometime, what may be the possible
causes? How will you proceed for diagnosis? (3+7) [11] {Paper 2}
6. A 50 yr old chronic smoker male patient presented with cough, sudden onset left
sided chest pain & dyspnea. What are the possible causes? What investigation
would you do? How would you manage this patient? (3+6+6) (Kalyani) [9th Sem]
{Paper 2}
7. A male patient(smoker) after a severe bout of cough developed sudden onset respiratory
distress with chest pain. How will you approach for the diagnosis and treatment of it.
(BMC) [8th Sem]
8. Rattan, 56 year old male diabetic, presented to you with high grade fever with chills for
last 14 days and cough and copious foul smelling sputum. What is the most probabale
diagnosis? How would you investigate and treat the patient? (2+4+4) (IPGMER) [8th Sem]
9. How do you approach to diagnose a case of Dyspnoea.(10) (BMC) [9th Sem]
10. A male patient of 30 yrs came to your OPD with high fever of 5 days along witn
breathelessness. How do oyu proceed to investigate the case? Briefly outline the M/m
of lobar Pneumonia. (6+9) (MMC) [9th Sem]
SHORT NOTES
11. DOTS in TB [13, Supple] {Paper 1}, [09] {Paper 2}, (BSMC) [9th sem] {paper 2}
32. Bed side differentiation between Hematemesis and Haemoptysis (R G Kar) [8th Sem]
33. Name the Drug for Management of Tuberculosis (R G Kar) [8th Sem]
41. Lung Abscess- Clinical features and treatment (RG Kar) [9th sem] {Paper 2}
44. Percussion and Auscultation findings in left sided pleural effusion (RG Kar) [9th sem]
{Paper 2}
49. Percussion and Auscultation findings in left sided pleural effusion (RG Kar) [9th sem]
{Paper 2}
Ch 3: NEUROLOGY
LONG QUESTIONS
2. Describe the C/f and M/m of Subarachnoid haemorrhage. (5+5) [12, Supple] {Paper 2}
4. Outline the C/f, diagnosis and M/m of Subarachnoid haemorrhage. (3+3+4) [11, Supple]
{Paper 2}
5. Discuss the aetiology, management and complication of status epilepticus. (3+4+3) [10]
{Paper 2}
6. Discuss the etiology and M/m of CVA/stroke. (10) [10, Supple] {Paper 2}
17. Calssify seizure disorder. What is status epilepticus. Briefly discuss its M/m. (4+6)
(MC,K) [9th Sem] {Paper-2}
LONG QUESTIONS: CLINICAL CASES
1. A male patient aged 22 years has been admitted due to sudden onset of
convulsion with fever and jaundice of 5 days prior to admission. What are the
possibilities? How routine and specialized tests will help you to arrive at a
diagnosis? (4+3+3) [14] {Paper 1}
2. A young male was admitted in an emergency ward with fever and headache. He
has neck stiffness- discuss the salient investigations, differential diagnosis
and management. (10) [10, supple] {Paper 1}
4. A 68 yrs old man presented with semi-conscious state, known diabetic resides
alone in a village. How will you investigate and manage the patient? (4+6) [14,
Supple] {Paper 2}
5. An older patient is admitted with acute stroke. What may be the important
causes? Outline the management strategy in 1st 24 hours. (3+7) [13] {Paper 2}
8. A 22 year old male patient presented with fever for 5 days, progressive loss of
consciousness and 3 episodes of convulsion. Discuss the diagnostic approach in this
case. Outline the management of most probable cause in this case. (BSMC) [8th Sem]
9. A 16 years old male patient referred from a peripheral hospital to MMCH, with fever
of 5 days duration, altered sensorium and jaundice. Name your provisional diagnosis.
How will you confirm the diagnosis? Describe the current treatment protocol? (5+10)
(MMC) [8th Sem]
10. A 26 year male presented with high fever, progressive deterioration of consciousness
and few episodes of convulsion in last 3 days. How will you approach to the case?
Discuss management of the most probable diagnosis. (6+4) (BSMC) [9th sem] {paper
1}
11. A 30 years old man presented with weakness of both lower limbs. What are the
possible causes? How will you approach to arrive at a diagnosis in this patient? (5+10)
(IPGMER) [9th sem]
12. A 25 year old female complained of tremor, palpitation and weight loss in spite of
good appetite. What are the probable causes here? How do you confirm the diagnosis
and manage the patient? (1+6+8) (IPGMER) [9th sem]
13. What are the causes of pyogenic meningitis in a person aged >60 years. Write down
the investigation and treatment of acute pyogenic meningitis. (2+4+4) (RG Kar) [9th
sem] {Paper 2}
14. A 55 yr old hypertensive female presented with sudden bursting headache, vomiting
with gradual loss of consciousness. What is you provisional diagnosis? Write
differential diagnoses. How can you investigate and confirm the diagnoses? Write
M/m plan of sub arachnoid haemorrhage. (1+2+3+4) (KPC) [9th Sem] {Paper-2}
15. A 20 yrs old female was brought to emergency in drowsy state with h/o fever
& occasional convulsion for last 5 days. Make a differential diagnoses. How to
pinpoint the diagnoses? How will oyu manage this patient? (5+5+5) (Kalyani)
[9th Sem] {Paper 2}
SHORT NOTES
55. Bells Palsy (R G Kar) [8th Sem], (IPGMER) [9th sem] (RG Kar) [9th sem] {Paper 2}
63. Bells palsy (Definition, clinical features and treatment) (BMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 1}
Ch 4: GASTROENTEROLOGY
LONG QUESTIONS
LONG QUESTIONS: CLINICAL CASES
1. A 30 yr alcoholic male patient presents with hematemesis and melena. How will
you manage the case? (10) [14, Supple] {Paper 1}
2. A 60 yr old female presents with anasarca. How will you proceed to diagnose and
treat the patient? (5+5) [14, Supple] {Paper 1}
3. How do you approach in a 60 years old male patient presenting with chronic
diarrhea mixed with blood with evidence of malabsorption for last 6 months? (10)
[13] {Paper 1}
4. A 19 yr college student presents to you with a h/o jaundice, high colored urine
for 3 days preceeded by fever , nausea, malaise and myalgia for 4 days. He gives
a h/o academic trip for 1 month before his present illness. What are the D/d?
briefly discuss the investigation and M/m of the case. (2+4+4) [13, Supple] {Paper
1}
5. Discuss the clinical and laboratory approach to a case of ascitis. (5+5) {12]
6. A 46 yr old male patient has come to the emergency with acute upper abdominal
pain with vomiting. How do you proceed to diagnose the case? (10) [12, Supple]
{Paper 1}
7. A 30-year old male has come to the Emergency with severe epigastric pain and
vomiting. How do you proceed to diagnose the case? (10) [11] {Paper 1}
8. A 40 yr old male patient with Chronic liver ds. And ascites was otherwise doing
well to have his ascites increased suddenly in last 7 days. Discuss the approach.
(10) [11, Supple] {Paper 1}
10. An adult brought to emergency department with fever, vomiting and diarrhea.
How will you manage the case? (10) [09, supple] {Paper 1}
11. A 40 year old alcoholic male patient with severe pain in the epigastrium. What
are the likely causes and how would you proceed to arrive at diagnosis? Give its
management plan. (2+4+4) [09] {Paper 1}
12. A 45 yr old male presented with vomiting of blood. How will you proceed to
diagnose the case? (10) [09, supple] {Paper 1}
13. Define ascites. Enumerate various causes of ascites. What are the treatment
option for ascites? (1+3+6) [08, supple] {Paper 1}
14. A man aged 33 years presents with severe haematemesis. What may be the likely
causes? How will you proceed to diagnose the case? (4+6) [13] {Paper 2}
15. A man aged 70 years presented with lower GI bleeding. What may be the likely
causes? How will you proceed to come to diagnosis? (4+6) [12] {Paper 2}
16. How will you differentiate ulcerative colitis from Crohns disease? Give an outline of
diagnosis and management of Ulcerative Collitis. (4+3+3) (BSMC) [8th Sem]
17. Enumerate five common causes of ascites. How will you diagnose and manage a patient of
ascites of 2 months duration. (2+5+8) (MMC) [8th Sem]
18. Describe clinical feature, complication and management of Ulcerative Colitis. (4+2+4)
(BSMC) [9th sem] {paper 1}
19. Define cirrhosis of liver. What are the clinical features of cirrhosis of liver? What are
the complication of cirrhosis of liver? (2+5+3) (NRS) [9th Sem]
20. Enumerate the liver function tests. Describe the significance of elevation of various
hepatic enzymes. (4+6) (RG Kar) [8th Sem]
21. A 20 yrs old man presented with fever, icterus & altered sensorium. Mention
possible causes. How will oyu evaluate? Write down M/m of Ac. Hepatic failure.
(3+6+6) (Kalyani) [9th Sem] {Paper 1}
22. A 20 year old male patient presented with fever with skin rash for 3 days with history
of haematemesis and melena in the emergency room. How will you approach to treat the
case? (15) (NRS) [8th Sem]
23. A 55 yr old female with h/o DM for 10 yrs presented with anasarca. How will you proceed
to diagnose and treat the patient. (5+5) (KPC) [9th Sem] {Paper-1}
24. A 20 yr old female presented with generalized swelling of the body. How do you approach
to diagnose th case?(10) (MC,K) [9th Sem] {Paper-1}
SHORT NOTES
Ch 5: NEPHROLOGY
LONG QUESTIONS
1. What is nephrotic syndrome? How will you investigate and manage a patient of
nephrotic syndrome having normal serum creatinine? (3+7) [12, Supple] {Paper 1}
2. A 32 year female presents with high rise of temperature, haematuria and right
sided flank pain. Discuss how would you proceed to arrive at diagnosis. Give its
management plan for medical causes. (4+6) [09] {Paper 1}
3. What is acute nephritic syndrome? Outline the M/m strategy of a boy aged 18
yrs suffering from nephritic syndrome. (4+6) [13, Supple] {Paper 2}
4. How will you stage chronic kidney diseases(CKD)? How will you manage CKD stage
IV? (5+5) [10, Supple] {Paper 2}
5. Clasiify Acute Glomerulonephritis. What are its complication? (Kalyani) [8th Sem]
7. What is acute renal failure? What are its major causes? How will you clinically
assess and manage a patient of ARF? (1+4+4+6) (IPGMER) [9th sem]
1. Discuss diagnosis and management of a case of 15 year old boy presenting with
severe breathlessness, puffiness of face with hypertension and active urinary
sediments on urinary analysis. (4+6) [14] {Paper 1}
2. How will you approach case of hematemesis, melena and treat the case. (15)
(MC,K) [8th Sem]
3. How will you approach case of fever, splenomegaly,recurrent jaundice and treat
the case? (MC,K) [8th Sem]
4. Enumerate the causes of acute abdominal pain. How do you clinically approach for
a diagnosis? How do you manage the patient in the emergency room? (3+4+3) (RG
Kar) [8th Sem]
5. A 35 years old male attended the outdoor with history of melena for 5 days. He
gives h/o vomiting infrequently for last 3 months. He also gives h/o anorexia and
weight loss in last 3 months. He is alcoholic and smoker. On further enquiry he
gives history of palpitation and dizziness and shortness of breath in last 3
months. What are the differential diagnoses? What clinical features will you
search for? What routine or special investigation will you suggest to arrive at a
diagnosis? (3+4+3) (RG Kar) [9th sem] {Paper 1}
6. A 40 yr old male patient presented with a history of severe epigastric pain with
radiation to the back. The pain gets relieved by sitting upright and leaning
forward. What is the most likely diagnosis? How will you investigate and manage
the patient? (2+4+4) (CNMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 1}
7. A 35 year old presented with severe pain inepigastrium and vomiting. What are
the likely causes? How will you approach to diagnose the patient? Outline the
brief M/m plan. (2+4+4) (KPC) [9th Sem] {Paper-1}
10. A 15 years female presented with progressive weakness and fatigue, pallor and
swelling of upper part of abdomen. How will you investigate the case. Outline the
management of most probable diagnosis. (7+3) (BSMC) [9th sem] {paper 2}
11. A 20 yrs old female presented with anasarca for last 2 wk. dipstick examination
revealed proteinuria. How will you approach & manage this patient? (8+7) (Kalyani)
[9th Sem] {Paper 1}
12. A 32 year old female presents with high rise of temperature, haematuria and
right sided flank pain. Discuss how would you proceed to arrive at a diagnosis?
Give the management plan. (NBMCH) [8th Sem]
SHORT NOTES
16. Ig A nephropathy [09, supple] {Paper 1}, (CNMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 1}, (MC,K) [9th
Sem] {Paper-1}
32. Causes of microscopic & macroscopic hematuria (KPC) [9th Sem] {Paper-1}
Ch 6: ENDOCRINOLOGY
LONG QUESTIONS
2. Mention the common causes of coma in diabetic patients. How will you diagnose
and manage a case of diabetic ketoacidosis? (3+7) [09, Supple] {Paper 2}
3. Discuss the clinical and laboratory features of hypothyroidism. How will you
manage myxedema coma? (5+5) [08] {Paper 2}
4. What are the C/f and diagnostic tests in a ptient with Diabetic
ketoacidosis(DKA)? Discuss the principle of treatment of DKA. (4+3+3) [08,
Supple] {Paper 2}
11. Mention common causes of coma in diabetic patients. How will you diagnose and
manage a case of diabetic ketoacidosis. (3+7) (CNMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 2}
12. When do you suspect a patient to be suffering from DKA? How to manage DKA
in ER? (4+6) (MC,K) [9th Sem] {Paper-2}
2. A 14-year old male was admitted in the emergency with history of weight loss and
polyuria. He was having deep breathing. How will you manage this patient? (2+8)
[10] {Paper 1}
5. A lady of 30 yrs has presented with goiter. How do you proceed to come to an
etiological diagnosis? (10) [11, Supple] {Paper 2}
6. Ram, a 14 year old male was admitted in emergency with history of weight loss
and polyuria for last 10 months. He had low grade fever wityh expectoration for
last 3 days. He was having pain abdomen and deep breathing on presentation. How
will you manage the patient? (10) (NBMC) [8th Sem]
7. A 16 year old male known diabetic presented with pain abdomen, repeated
vomiting and disorientation for last 3 days. How will you manage this case?(10)
(BSMC) [9th sem] {paper 2}
the most likely diagnosis and how will you manage the case? (2+3+5) (RG Kar) [8th
Sem]
SHORT NOTES
49. Graves Disease- clinical features and diagnosis (BSMC) [9th sem] {paper 2}
50. Indication of insulin therapy in type 2 DM (RG Kar) [9th sem] {Paper 2}
57. Myxedema coma (MC,K) [9th Sem] {Paper-2}, (MMC) [9th Sem]
Ch 7: RHEUMATOLOGY
LONG QUESTIONS
LONG QUESTIONS: CLINICAL CASES
1. Discuss how you will approach a case of fever with polyarthritis with skin rash of about
2 weeks duration in a young female? (10) [12] {Paper 1}
2. A 35 yr old female patient presents with pain in multiple joints for last 2 months. How
will you proceed to diagnose and manage the case? (10) [11, Supple] {Paper 1}
3. A 15 year old female presented with a history of fever, arthralgia and rashes. Discuss
the differential diagnosis and management plan. (5+5) [10] {Paper 1}
4. Describe the diagnostic criteria of SLE. Briefly discuss the classification and
management of lupup nephritis. (NBMC) [8th Sem]
5. Describe articular and non-articular management of Rheumatoid Arthritis. How will you
diagnose Rheumatoid Arthritis? (Kalyani) [8th Sem]
6. How do you approach a case of Polyarthritis? Outline the management of Rheumatoid
Arthritis. (6+4) (CNMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 1}
7. A 35 year old female is presented with multiple joint pain, mild fever with swelling of
the whole body. How do you investigate this case? (15) (NRS) [8th Sem]
9. A 35 years old female patient presented with pain in multiple joints for last 3 months.
She gives a history of intermittent grade fever with urgency of urine for last 2 months.
On further enquiry she gives h/o hematuria in 2-3 occasions in last 3 months and swelling
of face for last 1 month. She was treated outside. What are the differential diagnoses?
What clinical features will you search for in general survey or systemic examination?
What minimum investigation will you advise to arrive at a diagnosis? (3+4+3) (RG Kar) [9th
sem] {Paper 1}
10. A 25 year old male presented with fever and polyarthritis. What are the differential
diagnoses? How do you approach to diagnose the case? (10) (MC,K) [9th Sem] {Paper-1}
11. A 28 years female presented with progressive pedal oedema, facial puffiness, arthralgia
of multiple joints and red rashes in both cheeks, for last 6 months. How will you evaluate
this case. Outline the treatment of this condition. (6+4) (BSMC) [9th sem] {paper 1}
SHORT NOTES
21. Extra articular manifestation of Rheumatoid arthritis. (BMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 1},(MMC)
[9th Sem]
25. Extra articular manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis (KPC) [9th Sem] {Paper-1}
26. Common clinical manifestation of hyperuricemia (RG Kar) [9th sem] {Paper 1}
Ch 8: HAEMATOLGY
LONG QUESTIONS
2. Describe the causes of Pancytopenia. How will you manage a case of Aplastic
Anaemia (6+4) [10] {Paper 2}
4. Describe the C/f and investigations of CML. Outline its M/m. (3+4+3) [09,
Supple] {Paper 2}
8. Define and classify anemia. How will you investigate a case of Chronic hemolytic
anemia to pin point etiopathology? (Kalyani) [8th Sem]
9. Classify acute leukimias. How do you treat Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia? (Kalyani)
[8th Sem]
11. A 40 year old lady presented with generalized lymphadenopathy for several
months. How do you approach in this case to reach a diagnosis and management.
(5+5) (RG Kar) [9th sem] {Paper 2}
12. A 21 yr old male has been admitted with low grade fever and generalized
lymphadenopathy. What are the likely causes? How will you proceed to diagnose the.
(3+7) (KPC) [9th Sem] {Paper-2}
42. Acute adverse reaction of Blood Transfusion (CNMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 2}
Ch 9: INFECTIOUS DISEASE
LONG QUESTIONS
2. Describe the C/f, M/m & complications of acute falciparum malaria. (3+4+3) (NBMC) [9th
Sem]
52. Difference between P. falciparum and P. vivax trophozoites under microscope (R G Kar)
[8th Sem]
61. Diagnostic of Visceral Leishmaniasis (Kala- azar) (BSMC) [9th sem] {paper 1}
76. Post exposure prophylaxis of HIV (MMC) [9th Sem], (BSMC) [9th sem] {paper 2}
79. Prevention of Rabies in acase of unknown dog bite of 24 hrs duration (BMC) [9th Sem]
{Paper 2}
85. C/f & M/m of Wilsons ds. (MC,K) [9th Sem] {Paper-2}
96. Pathogenesis & complication of falciparum malaria (Kalyani) [9th Sem] {Paper 1}
Ch 10: DERMATOLOGY
LONG QUESTIONS
LONG QUESTIONS: CLINICAL CASES
SHORT NOTES
6. Psoriasis [14, Supple] {Paper 2}, (RG Kar) [9th sem] {Paper 2}, (KPC) [9th Sem] {Paper-
2}
9. Scabies [12, Supple] {Paper 2}, (RG Kar) [9th sem] {Paper 2}
17. Steven Johnson Syndrome [14] {Paper 2}, (BSMC) [8th Sem], (MMC) [9th Sem]
Ch 11: PSYCHIATRY
LONG QUESTIONS
LONG QUESTIONS: CLINICAL CASES
SHORT NOTES
1. Anorexia nervosa [13] {Paper 1}, [08] {Paper 2}, (MC,K) [9th Sem] {Paper-2}
2. Schizophrenia [14, Supple] {Paper 2}, (KPC) [8th Sem], (RG Kar) [9th sem] {Paper 2},
(Kalyani) [9th Sem] {Paper 2}
3. Depression- management issues [13, Supple] {Paper 2}
4. Management of Depression in elderly [12] {Paper 2}
5. Phobia [12, Supple] {Paper 2}
6. Alcohol dependence syndrome [12, Supple] {Paper 2}
7. Generalized anxiety disorder [11], [09] {Paper 2}
8. Drug abuse [11, Supple] {Paper 2}
9. Manic depressive psychosis [13] {Paper 2}
10. Anxiety neurosis [12] {Paper 2}
11. Manic depression [11, Supple] {Paper 2}
12. T/t of Manic Dpressive Psychosis [10, Supple] {Paper 2}
13. Manic depression (Bipolar disorder) [09] {Paper 2}
14. OCD [09, Supple] {Paper 2}
15. Management of a patient with depression [08] {Paper 2}
16. Conversion Reaction (Hysteria) (IPGMER) [9th sem]
17. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (MMC) [9th Sem]
18. Manic phase of MDP (CNMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 2}
19. M/m of Manic Depresive Psychosis (MC,K) [9th Sem] {Paper-2}
Ch 12: NUTRITION
LONG QUESTIONS
LONG QUESTIONS: CLINICAL CASES
SHORT NOTES
2. Vit-D deficiency [14, Supple] {Paper 1}, [12] {Paper 1}, (KPC) [9th Sem] {Paper-1},
(BSMC) [9th sem] {paper 1}
10. Vit- A deficiency [08, supple] {Paper 1}, (Kalyani) [9th Sem] {Paper 1}, (BMC) [8th
Sem]
11. Osteomalacia [11, supple] {Paper 1}, (RG Kar) [9th sem] {Paper 1}
13. Macroglossia [11, supple] {Paper 1}Beriberi (MC,K) [9th Sem] {Paper-1}
18. Vitamin A deficiency and its management (BMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 1}
1. A 50 year old male presented with significant weight loss. Mention possible causes.how
will you proceed to investigate & treat him? (5+5+5) (Kalyani) [9th Sem] {Paper 2}
2. How do you approach to diagnose a patient of long standing(more than 3 weeks duration)
fever. (10) (BMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 2}
3. A 50 year old male presents with loss of weight. What are the possible causes? How will
you approach the case to arrive at a diagnosis? (3+7) [09] {Paper 2}
SHORT NOTES
5. Gene therapy [10] {Paper 1}, (CNMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 1}, (KPC) [9th Sem] {Paper-1}
23. Type IV hypersensitivity and enumerate the disease associated with such
24. HLA linkage and .clinical significance (RG Kar) [9th sem] {Paper 1}
28. Oncogene and its clinical significance (RG Kar) [9th sem] {Paper 1}
29. Genetic mutation and its causes (RG Kar) [9th sem] {Paper 1}
1. Anion gap: Definition and relevance [11] {Paper 1}, (CNMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 1}
3. Tetany [14, Supple] {Paper 1}, [13, Supple] {Paper 2}, [11] {Paper 2},(KPC) [8th Sem]
SHORT NOTES
5. Management of snake bite [08, supple] {Paper 1}, (NRS) [9th Sem]
14. Care of A patient with Dog Bite with Unknown Status (BMC) [8th Sem]
19. Neurotoxic snake bite (MMC) [9th Sem], (NBMC) [9th Sem]
OBSTETRICS
1. Lower Uterine Segment [14] {Paper 1}, [08] {Paper 1}, (BSMC) [9th sem] {paper 1}
JUSTIFY
Ch 2: FUNDAMENTALS OF REPRODUCTION
LONG QUESTIONS `
LONG QUESTIONS: CLINICAL CASES
SHORT NOTES
JUSTIFY
1. By examining placenta and cord, we can diagnose a number of obstetrical problems (MC,K)
[8th Sem]
Ch 4: THE FETUS
LONG QUESTIONS
LONG QUESTIONS: CLINICAL CASES
SHORT NOTES
JUSTIFY
2. What is physiological anemia in pregnancy? Discuss the diagnosis and management of Iron
deficiency anemia in pregnancy and labour? (2+4+4) (CMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 1}
JUSTIFY
Ch 6: DIAGNOSIS OF PREGNANCY
LONG QUESTIONS
LONG QUESTIONS: CLINICAL CASES
SHORT NOTES
Ch 7: ENDOCRINOLOGY IN RELATION TO
RREPRODUCTION
LONG QUESTIONS
LONG QUESTIONS: CLINICAL CASES
SHORT NOTES
JUSTIFY
JUSTIFY
1. Define antenatal care. Discuss the benefits of antenatal care and outline the
standard antenatal care methods. (2+4+4) [13, Supple] {Paper 1}
2. Define Antenatal care. Enumerate the routine investigation that are advised to a
pregnant woman in the antenatal clinic. Discuss in brief the physiological changes
in the cardiovascular system during pregnancy. (2+3+5) (NRS) [8th Sem]
JUSTIFY
3. All pregnant women should undergo routine ultrasound in 2nd trimester(18-20 weeks)
4. Screening for HIV infection should be done on all pregnant women Justify [14] {Paper
1}
5. Prophylactic Iron therapy should be given to all pregnant women [13] {Paper 1}
6. HIV testing should be done in all pregnant women Justify [11] {Paper 1}
7. All pregnant women should be given iron and folic acid. Comment [10] {Paper 1}
8. All pregnant women should undergo Hb estimation and blood group testing- justify [10,
Supple] {Paper 1}
9. All pregnant women should be offered screening for HIV infection in early pregnancy.
11. HIV screening should be done for all antenatal mothers (NRS) [9th sem]
12. All antenatal mother should be supplemented with iron to reduce maternal mortality rate.
13. All pregnant women should receive iron folic acid supplementation (MMC) [9th Sem]
14. Antenatal checkup is important for each & every pregnant woman (Kalyani) [9th sem]
{paper 1}
4. All pregnant women should undergo ultrasound in 2nd trimester [10] {Paper 1}
5. Obstetric ultrasound should be routinely done at 18-20 weeks of pregnancy (KPC) [8th
Sem]
JUSTIFY
1. Define normal labour. What are the different stages of labour? How will you monitor the
progress of labour? What precautions are taken during delivery of head in vertex
presentation? (2+2+4+2) [14] {Paper 1}
2. Define Normal labour . What are the different stages of labour. Outline the management
of 1st stage of labour. (2+2+6) (RG Kar) [9th sem] {Paper 1}
3. Define normal labour. What are the stages of labour? How will you monitor the progress
of labour? How will oyu practice active M/m of 3rd stage of labour? (2+1+4+3) (MMC) [9th
Sem]
3. Bishops Score [11] {Paper 1}, [08, Supple] {Paper 1}, (BSMC) [9th sem] {paper 1}, (IPGMER)
[9th sem]
4. Active M/m of 3rd stage labour [10, Supple] {Paper 1}, (CNMC) [8th Sem], (NRS) [9th sem],
JUSTIFY
1. Active management of 3rd stage labour should be done in all cases [13] {Paper 1}
5. Active management of 3rd stage of labour is mandatory for all vaginal delivery (IPGMER)
[9th sem]
6. Active management of 3rd stage labour should be practice in delivery of all pregnant
7. Use of partograph can reduce labour complication- explain (CNMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 1}
8. Partograph is helpful in the M/m of every labour case (Kalyani) [9th sem] {paper 1}
2. Define ectopic pregnancy. What are the c/f onruptured tubal ectopic pregnancy?
Discuss briefly the different modalities of T/t of unruptured tubal pregnancy.
(2+3+5) [12, Supple] {Paper 1}
4. Define Recurrent Abortion. Outline the investigation in such a case. (2+8) [11]
{Paper 1}
5. Define habitual abortion. How will you investigate a patient with history of
habitual abortion? Briefly outline the treatment of cervical incompetence in
pregnancy. (2+5+3) [08] {Paper 1}
1. Enumerate the causes of bleeding per vagina early in pregnancy. A woman has two
months of amenorrhoea. She presents at the emergency room with severe pain
abdomen, bleeding per vagina with fainting attack. What is your provisional
diagnosis and how will you manage the case? (2+8) (NBMC) [8th Sem]
SHORT NOTES
5. Medical management of ectopic pregnancy [08, Supple] {Paper 2}, (CMC) [9th Sem] {Paper
1}
JUSTIFY
3. Methods of choice of second trimester MTP, Justify the methods [13] {Paper 2}
4. Method of your choice for second trimester medical termination of pregnancy justify
your choice [09] {Paper 2}
6. Follow up of all hydatidiform mole patients should be done justify [08, Supple] {Paper
1}
7. A woman with molar pregnancy needs proper follow up (CNMC) [8th Sem]
10. All molar pregnancy should have post evacuation follow up- comment (CNMC) [9th Sem]
{Paper 1}
11. Long term follow up is necessary in all women who presents with hydatidiform mole
(NBMC) [9th Sem
1. A 26 yrs old primigravida carrying twins has just delivered the first baby. Write
in brief your subsequent M/m till the second baby is born. What are the post
partum complications of twin pregnancy? (7+3) [09, Supple] {Paper 1}
2. Discuss the diagnosis and complication of twin pregnancy. Enumerate briefly the
management of twin pregnancy in labour. (3+3+4) [13] {Paper 1}
4. Complication of Twin Pregnancy (NRS) [8th Sem], (RG Kar) [9th sem] {Paper 1}
5. Delivery of 2nd twin (CNMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 1}
JUSTIFY
3. Define Pre-eclampsia. What are the diagnostic criteria? What are the immediate
and remote comkplications? Outline a protocol of management of Eclampsia with
Magnesium Sulphate. (2+2+3+3) [08] {Paper 1}
6. What is pre eclampsia? What are criteria of severe pre eclampsia?Give the
outline of management of severe pre eclampsia. (1+3+6) (CNMC) [8th Sem]
8. Define Pre eclampsia. Enumerate the diagnostic features of pre eclampsia. What
are the common antihypertensive used to treat pre eclampsia and eclampsia?
What is the anticonvulsion of choice in pre eclampsia? Write a suitable and
commonly used regimen of that drug in eclampsia. (1+2+2+1+4) (MMC) [8th Sem]
9. Define pre eclampsia. Enumerate symptoms and signs of severe pre eclampsia or imminent
eclampsia. Outline the M/m of Eclampsia. (2+3+5) (NBMC) [9th Sem]
1. HELLP syndrome [08, Supple] {Paper 1},(BSMC) [8th Sem], (KPC) [9th Sem] {Pape 1}
2. MgSO4 Therapy in Ecclampsia (Kalyani) [8th Sem]
JUSTIFY
4. Management of a case of eclampsia needs special set up- justify [08, Supple]
{Paper 1}
7. Magnesium sulphate has drastically reduces the MMR in Eclampsia (NBMC) [8th
Sem]
11. Termination of pregnancy is the only T/t of severe pre eclampsia- justify the
statement (KPC) [9th Sem] {Pape 1}
4. Define antepartum haemorrhage. Enumerate the causes of APH. What are the
differences between Placenta previa and abruption placenta? How do you manage
a case of placenta previa in a case of 36 weeks of pregnancy?(2+3+5+10) (BSMC)
[8th Sem]
5. What is APH? What are the causes? How will you manage a case of APH at 33
wks GA in labour room? (2+2+6) (CMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 1}
6. Define antepartum haemorrhage. What are the causes of APH? How will you
clinically differentiate between placenta previa & abruption placenta? When will
you manage placenta previa expectantly and when will you terminate such
expectant management? (2+1+3+2+2) (MMC) [9th Sem]
LONG QUESTIONS: CLINICAL CASES
4. Define APH. Outline the management of 27 years old 2nd gravid (Previous term
vaginal delivery) attending emergency with complaints of Painless Vaginal Bleeding
at 32 weeks of gestational age. (3+7) (RG Kar) [9th sem] {Paper 1}
SHORT NOTES
JUSTIFY
2. Height of fundus of gravid uterus may not always corroborate with the period of
amenorrhoea- give reasons [09, Supple] {Paper 1}
1. Describe the symptoms and sign of iron deficiency anemia. How do you investigate
such case? What are the complications of severe anemia in pregnancy? (2+4+4)
[08, Supple] {Paper 1}
1. Enumerate the causes of anemia in pregnancy and its complications. How will you
manage a woman at 32 wks gestation having Hb level of 6gm/dl? (2+3+5) (NRS)
[9th sem]
SHORT NOTES
2. Post Exposure Prophylaxis for HIV (MC,K) [8th Sem], (RG Kar) [8th Sem]
JUSTIFY
1. Breast feeding in HIV +ve mother (BMC) [9th Sem], (RG Kar) [9th sem] {Paper 1}
1. One 26 year old pregnant mother (32weeks of GA) admitted in our labour room
with H/o passage of watery discharge per vagina for last 2 days. What is your
provisional diagnosis? How will you confirm your diagnosis and manage such a case?
(1+4+5) (MC,K) [8th Sem]
SHORT NOTES
JUSTIFY
2. What are the causes of IUFD? Discuss the diagnosis and M/m of such a case.
(4+3+3) [10, Supple] {Paper 1}
3. How will you diagnose IUFD? Outline the management of such a case in a diabetic
primigravida carrying 36 wks of pregnancy. (5+5) [09, Supple] {Paper 1}
1. A 26 yr old primigravida was admitted at 30 wks with abdominal pain and intermittent
uterine contractions. What could be the causes? How wil you assess a woman briefly
outline the M/m principles. (2+3+5) (KPC) [9th Sem] {Pape 1}
SHORT NOTES
JUSTIFY
2. A 30 year old lady presented at the ANC at 34 weeks of pregnancy with breech
presentation. Outline the management of such acase. Mention the risks of vaginal
breech delivery. (7+3) (CNMC) [8th Sem]
SHORT NOTES
3. Deep transverse arrest in labour [11, Supple] {Paper 1}, [08, Supple] {Paper 1},
(KPC) [9th Sem] {Pape 1}, (RG Kar) [8th Sem]
JUSTIFY
1. External cephalic version still has got a place in the management of breech
presentation Comment [14] {Paper 1}
5. External cephalic version must be attempted in all term breech presentations (BMC)
[8th Sem]
JUSTIFY
1. A primigravida had assisted delivery with outlet forceps. She started severe vaginal
bleeding four hours after child birth. Enumerate the causes of this bleeding. How will
you manage such a patient? (2+8) [09] {Paper 1}
2. Define PPH. How would you classify PPH? How would you manage a case of atonic
PPH?(2+3+5) [14, Supple] {Paper 1}
3. Define PPH.What are the different causes of PPH. Outline the management of profuse
bleeding per vagina in a multigravida who has delivered vaginally half an hour ago. (3+7+10)
(RG Kar) [8th Sem]
4. Define PPH. what are the causes of PPH? What are the measures to be taken to prevent
it? How will you manage a case of atonic PPH? (3+3+4) (IPGMER) [8th Sem]
5. Define PPH. Classify it. What are the common causes of PPH within half an hour of child
birth? How wil you prevent atonic PPH? (1+2+3+4) (MMC) [8th Sem]
6. Define Post partum haemorrhage. What are the causes of postpartum haemorrhage.
Describe in brief the M/m of PPH. (2+3+5) (KPC) [9th Sem] {Paper-1}
7. Outline the M/m of 3rd stage of labour. Enumerate the complications of 3rd stage of
labour. How will you manage the commonest complication of 3rd stage of labour? (5+2+8)
(Kalyani) [9th sem] {paper 1}
2. A primigravida had assisted delivery with outlet forceps. She started severe
vaginal bleeding four hours after child birth. Enumerate the causes of this
bleeding. How will you manage such a patient? (2+8) (BSMC) [9th sem] {paper 1}
3. A 2nd gravida was admitted in labour and she developed excessive bleeding
pervagina following forceps delivery. What are the likely indications of forceps
delivery in this patient? Enumerate the causes of excessive vaginal bleeding after
delivery of placenta. Describe in brief the management of such a case. (1+3+6)
(CNMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 1}
SHORT NOTES
JUSTIFY
JUSTIFY
1. Ergometrine should not be given to prevent PPH in a woman with heart ds- give
reasons [10, Supple] {Paper 1}
JUSTIFY
JUSTIFY
1. Breast milk is the best food for a newborn- justify [12, Supple] {Paper 1}
2. Breast feeding reduces neonatal morbidity and mortality- discuss in short [11,
Supple] {Paper 1}
3. All women should be advised about early breastfeeding. Why? [10] {Paper 1}
1. Define IUGR. What are the factors that contributeto IUGR? How can you
diagnose such acse and confirm it? (2+3+5) [08, Supple] {Paper 1}
2. Define IUGR of fetus. Enumerate causes of IUGR. How will you manage a case of
primigravida with mild IUGR at 33 wks of gestation? (2+3+5) (NRS) [9th sem]
LONG QUESTIONS: CLINICAL CASES
SHORT NOTES
JUSTIFY
Ch 32: PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS IN
OBSTETRICS
LONG QUESTIONS
LONG QUESTIONS: CLINICAL CASES
SHORT NOTES
JUSTIFY
1. What are the indications of induction of labour? What are the different methods
of induction? Write briefly its complication. (3+3+4) [14, Supple] {Paper 1}
2. What is induction of Labour? How will you diagnose a case of normal labour and
outline its management? (2+4+4) (MC,K) [8th Sem]
1. Forceps- indication and criterias to be fulfilled prior to its application (RG Kar) [9th sem]
{Paper 1}
JUSTIFY
1. Not all cases of vaginal delivery need episiotomy [13, Supple] {Paper 1}
5. Lower segment caesarean section has become very safe in modern obstetrics- give
reasons (CNMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 1}
6. Application of forceps is the best option for delayed 2nd stage of labour- criticize the
statement (KPC) [9th Sem] {Pape 1}
7. Once a caesarean a;ways a caesarean- criticize the statement (KPC) [9th Sem] {Paper-1}
8. Lower uterine C.S incision is better than classical C.S(Kalyani) [9th sem] {paper 1}
9. Indications & criteria for forceps delivery (Kalyani) [9th sem] {paper 1}
1. What is maternal mortality? What are the causes?how can we reduce the maternal
mortality in our hospital? (2+4+4) (CMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 1}
JUSTIFY
3. All vaginal delivery should be conducted bt trained birth attendants [13, Supple]
{Paper 1}
4. Emergency obstetric care is one of the most effective strategies for preventing
maternal deaths- explain how [12, Supple] {Paper 1}
5. Routine screening for foetal congenital malformation is a must even in low risk
young primigravidas- comment [12, Supple]
6. How antenatal care can reduce maternal mortality in our country? [11] {Paper 1}
8. Most of the maternal deaths are preventable justify [08, Supple] {Paper 1}
1. Discuss the diagnosis and M/m of a case of Rh isoimmunisation from 1st 1trimester
of pregnancy till delivery. (5+5) [11, Supple] {Paper 1}
JUSTIFY
2. All post caesarean section Pregnancy cases may not be delivered by caesarean
section again- Give reasons [13] {Paper 1}
3. Vaginal birth is possible in post caesarean pregnancy- when and how? [11, Supple]
{Paper 1}
4. Cord blood must be sent for testing in case of Rh negative mother(BMC) [9th Sem]
6. Once caesarean section doesnt mean always a caesaren section comment [08,
Supple] {Paper 1}
7. Once caesarian section is not always caesarean section (NRS) [8th Sem]
10. Rh incompatiability in 2nd gravida onwards is high risk (Kalyani) [9th sem] {paper 1}
JUSTIFY
6. Straight X-ray of abdomen is needed to find out one of the causes of septic abortion
7. USG lower abdomen is needed to find out one of the causes of recurrent abortion
GYNAECOLOGYNN
Ch 1: ANATOMY OF FEMALE PELVIC ORGAN
LONG QUESTIONS
LONG QUESTIONS: CLINICAL CASES
SHORT NOTES
JUSTIFY
Ch 2: BLOOD VESSELS,LYMPHATIC
DRAINAGE&INNERVATION OF PELVIC
ORGAN
LONG QUESTIONS
LONG QUESTIONS: CLINICAL CASES
SHORT NOTES
JUSTIFY
JUSTIFY
Ch 4: CONGENITAL MALFORMATION OF
FEMALE GENITAL ORGANS
LONG QUESTION
LONG QUESTIONS: CLINICAL CASES
SHORT NOTES
JUSTIFY
Ch 5: PUBERTY- NORMAL&ABNORMAL
LONG QUESTIONS
LONG QUESTIONS: CLINICAL CASES
SHORT NOTES
JUSTIFY
Ch 6: MENOPAUSE
LONG QUESTIONS
1. Define menopause. What are the clinical problems associated with menopause?
How are those problems addressed? (2+3+5) [14, supple] {Paper 2}
2. Define menopause. What are the c/f of menopause? Outline the M/m of menopause.
(2+4+4) (KPC) [9th Sem] {Paper-2}
Ch 7: NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY IN RELATION
TO REPRODUCTION
LONG QUESTIONS
LONG QUESTIONS: CLINICAL CASES
SHORT NOTES
JUSTIFY
Ch 8: MENSTRUATION
LONG QUESTIONS
LONG QUESTIONS: CLINICAL CASES
SHORT NOTES
JUSTIFY
Ch 9: HISTORY ,EXAMINATION,DIAGNOSTIC
PROCEDURE OF A GYNAECOLOGICAL
PATIENT
LONG QUESTIONS
LONG QUESTIONS: CLINICAL CASES
SHORT NOTES
JUSTIFY
SHORT NOTES
JUSTIFY
1. What are the causes of menorrhagia. Discuss the management of uterine fibroid.
(4+6) [13] {Paper 2}
2. Define Menorrhagia. What are its causes? How would you manage a case of
Menorrhagia due to fibroid uterus? (2+2+6) [11] {Paper 2}
4. How will you proceed to investigate and treat a case of abnormal uterine blleding
in a parous woman aged 38 years? (5+5) [09, Supple] {Paper 2}
5. Define Menorrhagia. What are the causes of menorrhagia? Outline the surgical
management of uterine fibromyoma. (2+3+5) (NRS) [8th Sem]
6. What is menorrhagia?what are the causes? Name the medicine s used in the
treatment of menorrhagia in a case of DUB/Medical management of DUB. (1+3+6)
(CNMC ) [8th Sem]/ (2+3+5) (BMC) [9th Sem]
1. A 45 yearold woman presented with irregular vaginal bleeding for one year
duration. Discuss the differential diagnosis. Discuss M/m of early stage cervical
cancer. (4+6) [12, Supple] {Paper 2}
2. One 32 year old mother P2+2 came to the GOPDwith H/O menorrhagia for last 8
months. How will you diagnose and manage such acase? (5+5) (MC,K) [8th Sem]
6. Mrs BD 26 yr old infertile woman with h/o menorrhagia for last 10 months, presented
with a farm mass sized 18x16 cm2 in lower abdomen. What is your provisional diagnosis?
How will you confirm your diagnosis and treat the woman? (1+5+4) (CMC) [9th Sem] {Paper
2}
7. A 35 year old woman presented with menorrhagia. Discuss the investigations and
management of such a case. (4+6) (BMC) [8th Sem]
SHORT NOTES
3. Causes of menorrhagia (RG Kar) [9th sem] {Paper 2}, (BSMC) [8th Sem], (MMC) [8th Sem]
JUSTIFY
4. For pelvic organ prolapse, vaginal hysterectomy is not the only option of management-
discuss (CNMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 2}
5. Vaginal hysterectomy and pelvic floor repair is the only T/t for genital prolapse- criticize
the statement (KPC) [9th Sem] {Paper-2}
6. Hysterectomy is the last option for the management of DUH(NRS) [9th sem]
1. Discuss the support of uterus. Enumerate the etiological factors for Pelvic organ
Prolapse. Outline the management of procidentia in a post-menopausal lady.
(4+3+3) [12] {Paper 2}
2. Write briefly the cause of genital prolapse. Discuss the M/m of a case of uterine
prolapse wth cystocele and rectocele in a 35 year old woman (4+6) [ 10, Supple]
{Paper 2}
3. Discuss the support of uterus. Discuss the management of second degree
uterovaginal prolapsed in a 40 year old woman. (5+5) (NRS) [8th Sem]
4. Define Pelvic Organ Prolapse. Describe the different causes and types of POP.
Outline the management of different types of prolapse.(3+7+10) (RG Kar) ) [8th
Sem]
5. What is genitourinary prolapse? Mention the causes of genitourinary prolapse.
How do you manage a case of second degree uterine prolapse in a 40 year old
lady? What are the complications of Hysterectomy? (2+5+10+3) (BSMC) [8th Sem]
6. Supports of uterus, enumerate the types of female genital prolapse. Preventive measures
in acquired type of genital prolapse. (7+3) (Kalyani) [9th sem] {paper 2}
JUSTIFY
1. Something coming down per vagina does not necessarily mean- it is a case of genital
4. {Paper 2}
6. Most of the pelvic organ prolapse are preventable (NBMC) [8th Sem]
7. Surgery is not the only option for prolapse management (RG Kar) [9th sem] {Paper 2}
Ch 16: INFERTILITY
LONG QUESTIONS
2. What are the causes of infertility in female partner. Discuss the methods of
detection of ovulation & how to induce it? (2+4+4) [13] {Paper 2}
4. Discuss investigation of a couple with primary infertility. Describe drugs used for
ovulation induction. (5+5) [10] {Paper 2}
5. What is Primary infertility? How will you proceed to diagnose the causes of
primary infertility? Outline the management of female partner with ovulation
disorder. (1+4+5) (MC,K) [8th Sem]
6. Define infertility. Mention the common causes of female infertility. Discuss the
methods of detection of ovulation. (1+3+6) (CNMC) [8th Sem]
7. What is infertility? What are the main causes of infertility? How will you
investigate tubal factor infertility? (2+4+4) (IPGMER) [8th Sem]
8. Define infertility. What are the common causes for anovulation? What are the
evidences of ovulation? What methods are used to test tubal patency?(1+3+3+3)
(MMC) [8th Sem]
9. Define infertility. How do you investigate a case of primary infertility? How will
you induce ovulation? Enumerate the names of different techniques of Assisted
Reproductive Techniques (ART) (3+3+2+2) (BSMC) [9th sem] {paper 2}
10. What are the different female factors in infertility. Outline the evaluation of
female factors of infertility. (3+7) (RG Kar) [9th sem] {Paper 2}
11. Define infertility. Write common causes of female infertility. How will you investigate
the tubal factor for female infertility? (2+4+4) (IPGMER) [9th sem]
JUSTIFY
[14] {Paper 2}
{Paper 2}
8. All cases of infertility should have laparoscopy- justify [09, Supple] {Paper 2}
9. Justify the place of H.S.G. in the workup protocol of infertility [08] {Paper 2}
10. Male partner should be investigated first in case of infertility Give reasons [08]
{Paper 2}
11. Investigations of primary infertility should start with semen analysis (NRS) [8th Sem]
12. HSG has got a place in the management of infertility (CNMC) [8th Sem]
13. Husbands semen analysis is essential in all infertile couple (CNMC) [8th Sem]
14. While investigating infertility male should be evaluated first (CNMC) [8th Sem]
15. Laparoscopy is mandatory for evaluation of tubal factor in female infertility [9th Sem]
16. Investigating the male factor in infertility is an important (MMC) [8th Sem]
17. Semen analysis of male partner should be the first investigation in a case of infertility
18. Pelvic endometriosis is an important cause of female infertility- give reasons (CNMC)
{Paper 2}
20. Both HSG & Laparoscopy are important in the evolution of female sub fertility- justify
21. Laparoscopy is the investigation of choice in endometriosis (Kalyani) [9th sem] {paper 2}
22. Serial USG may be needed in case of M/m of female infertility (Kalyani) [9th sem] {paper
2}
SHORT NOTES
JUSTIFY
JUSTIFY
12. What are the types of fibroid uterus? Enumerate the menstrual symptoms of
fibroid. How will you manage a case of symptomatic fibroid uterus in a 41 year old
multiparous woman?(2+3+5) (MMC) [8th Sem]
13. Mention different types of uterine fibroid. What are the different secondary
changes in fibroids. Outline the management option for a woman with a
symptomatic fibroid uterus. (2+2+6) (CNMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 2}
JUSTIFY
1. Calssify benign ovarian tumors. What are the clinical features of malignancy in a
patient with ovarian tumour? What is stage I ovarian malignancy according to
FIGO? (5+3+2) [09, Supple] {Paper 2}
4. Classify Epithelial Ovarian Carcinoma. Outline the management of a 48 years old post
menopausl lady presenting with heterogenous ovarian lump with ascites. (3+7) (RG Kar)
[9th sem] {Paper 2}
JUSTIFY
1. Enumerate the common site of endometriosis. What are the clinical features of pelvic
endometriosis? Briefly discuss the medical M/m of pelvic endometriosis. (2+2+6) [12,
Supple] {Paper 2}
JUSTIFY
1. Role of Laparoscopy in diagnosis & management of Endometriosis [13] {Paper 2}
1. Name the cervical premalignant lesions. How do screen these lesions? Discuss the FIGO
staining of Carcinoma of cervix. (2+3+5) [09] {Paper 2}
2. What is cervical intraepithelial neoplasia? How to diagnose premalignant lesionof
cervix? Discuss the M/m of CIN. (2+4+4) [13, supple] {Paper 2}
3. What is CIN and what are the diferent types of CIN? Mention the risk factors for CIN
and cervical cancer. Discuss in brief the diagnosis of CIN. (3+2+5) (CNMC) [9th Sem]
{Paper 2}
1. Define CIN. Describe different stages of Ca cervix and how is it staged? Outline
the management of a 42 year old lady attending OOD with stage II a Ca cervix.
(3+7+10) (RG Kar) [8th Sem]
SHORT NOTES
JUSTIFY
1. Cervical Screening can effectively reduce Cancer Cervix Justify [12] {Paper 2}
1. Describe the latest FIGO staging of Ca Cervix. Describe the management of stage I Ca
Cervix. (5+5) (NRS) [9th sem]
1. Classify Epithelial Ovarian Carcinoma. Outline the management of a 48 years old post
menopausl lady presenting with heterogenous ovarian lump with ascites. (3+7) (RG Kar)
[9th sem] {Paper 2}
JUSTIFY
2. Tumour Marker has great prognostic value in ovarian malignancy Justify [13]
{Paper 2}
3. All married women should undergo PAP smear examination. Justify [10] {Paper 2}
4. All women of reproductive age should undergo PAP smear- support [10, Supple]
{Paper 2}
5. All adolescent girl should be given HPV vaccine- justify [10, Supple] {Paper 2}
7. Early diagnosis of ovarian cancer is still not possible Give reasons [08] {Paper 2}
Supple] {Paper 2}
10. HIP vaccine is recommended in the prevention of CA cervix (CNMC) [8th Sem]
12. Routine screening for CA cervix (RG Kar) [9th sem] {Paper 2}
13. Diagnosis of ovarian cancer is always delayed (CMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 2}
15. Screening for cervical cancer can reduce mortality due to cervical cancer (MMC)
[9th Sem]
18. Ovarian cancer is usually diagnosed at a late stage (IPGMER) [9th sem]
1. What are the types of urinary incontinence? A primipara aged 22 years who had
forceps delivery following prolonged delivery, complains of continuous leakage of
urine per vaginum which started about 7 days after child birth. Mention the likely
causes and your method of diagnosis of the condition. (5+1+4) [09] {Paper 2}
1. What are the different types of genito-urinary fistula? What are its causes?
How will you diagnose a case of V.V.F.? (2+4+4)[14] {Paper 2}
2. What are the causes of vesico vaginal fistula in our country? How can you diagnose a case
of VVF and outline its treatment? (3+4+3) (CMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 2}
LONG QUESTIONS: CLINICAL CASES
SHORT NOTES
JUSTIFY
1. Routine use of Partograph can reduce the incidence of Vesicovaginal fistula (NBMC) [8th
Sem]
2. Genito-urinary fistula is a preventable condition- justify the statement (KPC) [9th Sem]
{Paper-2}
1. Complete perineal tear is d/t mismanaged 2nd stage of labour- comment [09,
Supple] {Paper 2}
Ch 27: INTERSEX
LONG QUESTIONS
LONG QUESTIONS: CLINICAL CASES
SHORT NOTES
Ch 28: AMENORRHEA
LONG QUESTIONS
2. What is amenorrhoea? What are the types of amenorrhoea? Discuss the M/m of
PCOD. (1+3+6) [13, supple] {Paper 2}
3. Mention the causes of primary amenorrhoea. Mention modern day tools for
diagnostic evaluation of case of primary amenorrhoea. (4+6) [11, Supple] {Paper
2}
6. What are the characteristics of normal menstruation? What are the important causes
of the secondary amenorrhoea in young adults? What are the common drugs used for the
induction of ovulation? Describe the use of one such drug in the treatment of polycystic
ovarian syndrome. (2+3+2+3) (MMC) [9th Sem]
1. A 14 year old girl attended G&O emergency with the complaint of primary amenorrhoea,
lower abdominal pain, acute retention of urine and lower abdominal mass. Wghat is the
probable diagnosis? How will you investigate the case and tret her? (2+5+3) [08, Supple]
{Paper 2}
SHORT NOTES
JUSTIFY
2}
4. Ovarian cyst <5 cm in dimeter is usually trewated conservatively (Kalyani) [9th sem]
{paper 2}
5. X-ray of elbow joint some times is needed in case of primary amenorrhoea (Kalyani) [9th
sem] {paper 2}
Ch 29: CONTRACEPTION
LONG QUESTIONS
LONG QUESTIONS: CLINICAL CASES
SHORT NOTES
4. Emergency Contraception [11], [13, supple] {Paper 2}, [09, Supple] {Paper 2}, (KPC)
[9th Sem] {Paper-2}, (BMC) [8th Sem], (MMC) [9th Sem], (Kalyani) [9th sem] {paper
2}
{Paper 2}
JUSTIFY
1. IUCD is not contraceptive of choice in a newly married woman- justify [14, supple]
{Paper 2}
2. Combined OCP have more benefits than risks- comment [14, supple] {Paper 2}
5. Combined oral Contraceptive is the best Contraceptive option for newly married
couple Justify [12] {Paper 2}
10. If followed correctly LAM is a good contraceptive option (CNMC) [8th Sem]
11. Proper counselling should be done before insertion of IUCD (CMC) [9 th Sem]
{Paper 2}
12. Laparoscopic ligation is the best method of ligation- critically evaluate [10,
Supple] {Paper 2}
13. Non contraceptive use of oral contraception (BSMC) [9th sem] {paper 1}
14. Contraception- not the only use of OCP (RG Kar) [9th sem] {Paper 2}
JUSTIFY
{Paper 2}
JUSTIFY
1. Enumerate the causes of post-menopausal bleeding per avgina. Describe the M/m
of Ca endometrium in a 50 yr old woman. (3+7) [10, Supple] {Paper 2}
2. Define post menopausal bleeding. What are the causes? How you will arrive at a
diagnosis in a case of post menopausal bleeding? (1+4+5) [08] {Paper 2}
3. What are the causes of pelvic pain? Briefly discuss the diagnosis and management
of pelvic endometriosis in a 24 year old woman. (3+3+4) (KPC) [8th Sem]
4. What are the common causes of lower abdominal lump in women of reproductive
age? How will you clinically distinguish between uterine & ovarian lump? What are
the features suggestive eof malignancy in an ovarian lump? What are the common
types of ovarian malignancy? (2+3+3+2) (MMC) [9th Sem]
5. Enumerate the causes of white discharge per vagina. Outline the M/m of Pruritic
white discharge per vagina. Enumerate the normal defense mechanism of vagina.
(3+4+3) (NBMC) [9th Sem]
1. A lady, 40 yrs of age, presents with a lower abdominal lump. Enumerate the
possible causes. How would you investigate such a case? (5+5) [14, supple] {Paper
2}
2. A 45 years old lady with a lower abdominal lump complains of pelvic pain. What
are the possible causes? Briefly outline the management of such a case. (3+7)
[12] {Paper 2}
3. A 40 year old female came to gynaeOPD with the complain of swelling of lower
abdomen from past 6 months. Enumerate the differential diagnosis. Describe how
can you reach final diagnosis? (3+7) (Kalyani) [8th Sem]
4. A 60 year old menopausal pt came with h/o bleeding PV. What will be the cause
of bleeding? what are the investigation you can do for the patient for diagnosis?
What are the treatment option in your hand for this patient? (2+4+4) (IPGMER)
[9th Sem]
5. Mrs SM 62 yrs old woman having her menopause 14 yrs ago, presented with
bleeding per vagina for last 7 days. What are the common causes of bleeding in
the case? How can you establish your diagnosis? (3+7) (CMC) [9th Sem] {Paper 2}
SHORT NOTES
JUSTIFY
[11] {Paper 2}
6. All post menopausal bleeding patients must have a D & C (BMC) [8th Sem]
{paper 2}
2. Head-circumference [11]
Ch 2: DEVELOPMENT
LONG QUESTIONS
1. How to assess growth and development in a one year old baby. (4+4) (Kalyani) [8th Sem]
1. Developmental milestone of one year old child [12], [10], [09, supple], (CNMC) [8th Sem]
2. Developmental milestones of 2 yr old child [13, Supple], 12], [09, Supple], (CMC) [9th
Sem]
3. Developmental Milestones of 3 yrs old Child (NRS) [8th Sem],
Ch 5: NUTRITION
LONG QUESTIONS
2. What is balanced diet? What are the constituents of balanced diet? Describe
dietary source, absorption and function of Vit- A. (1+3+6) [08, Supple]
9. Steps of Management of Severe Acute Malnutrition (NRS) [8th Sem], (kalyani) [9th Sem]
2. Outline the investigations and management of a case of Rickets. (6+6) (RG Kar) [8th Sem]
3. Outline briefly the metabolic interaction of Vitamin D, calcium and parathormone. Write
the treatments of nutritional rickets. (6+4) (IPGMER) [8th Sem]
LONG QUESTIONS: CLINICAL CASES
SHORT NOTES
Ch 7: NEWBORN INFANTS
LONG QUESTIONS
1. Discuss the process of bilirubin metabolism. One 3 day old baby presented with jaundice
extending up to the sole. How will you approach for the diagnosis and management? (3+7)
(kalyani) [8th Sem]
SHORT NOTES
7. Hemorrhagic disease of new born [14], [11, Supple], (MC,K) [8th Sem]
15. Describe briefly the complications of LBW babies [08], [13, Supple]
31. Feeding of Low Birth Weight New born (RG Kar) [8th Sem], (Kalyani) [9th Sem]
38. Indication and Contraindication of Bag mask Ventilation (BSMC) [8th Sem]
44. Respiratory distress syndrome (Hyaline Membrane Disease) (BSMC) [9th sem]
46. When will you diagnose neonatal jaundice to be pathological? Write characteristics of
47. How will you take care of umbilical stump in a newborn baby? Mention the causes of
48. Composition of colostrum, fore milk, hind milk & pre term milk (NRS) [9th Sem]
51. Mention the steps of prevention of hypothermia in a new born. Which babies do
particularly need additional heat source? (4+1) (RG Kar) [9th sem]
Ch 8: IMMUNIZATION &IMMUNODEFICIENCY
LONG QUESTIONS
LONG QUESTIONS: CLINICAL CASES
SHORT NOTES
1. Enumerate the vaccines that can be given to an unimmunized 2 year old child [14]
Ch 9: INFECTIONS &INFESTATION
LONG QUESTIONS
LONG QUESTIONS: CLINICAL CASES
1. A 4 yr old child presents with high grade fever, running nose, red eyes followed by
maculo-papular rash on face and rest of the body 4 days later. What is the most likely
diagnosis? Outline the differential diagnoses, complication, prevention and M/m of the
case. (1+2+2+1+2) (MMC) [9th Sem]
SHORT NOTES
13. Management of a Child Wth a Chloroquine resistant Falciparum Malaria (KPC) [8th Sem]
14. Category 1 therapy of 1 year old child with Tuberculosis (KPC) [8th Sem]
2. Outline the structure of a glomerulus and enumerate functions of each part of it. Give
the outline of M/m of diarrhea with severe dehydration. Write the composition of low
osmolar ORS. Write the National Immunization Schedule upto 1 yr of age. (2+2+2+2+2)
(MMC) [9th Sem]
27. An 8-month old baby has presented with acute watery diarrhea. He has been diagnosed
to have severe dehydration. Write the clinical features that suggested dehydration.
Give an outline of rehydration therapy for this child. (3+5) (RG Kar) [9th sem]
28. A 2 yr old girl presented with loose motion and cough for last 7 days. Her body weight
is 7 kg, height 87 cm and mid upper arm circumference (MUAC) 11 cm. what is the
provisional diagnosis. Outline the management of this child. (2+6) (IPGMER) [9th sem]
29. A 4 year old boy presented with anasarca with history of similar illness 6 months back.
Mention D/D and how to proceed to the diagnosis. (2+6) (BMC) [9th Sem]
30. A 7 year old boy havibg jaundice for 6 months with hepatomegaly, admitted for massive
haematemesis. Mention the diagnostic possibilities. Write how will you evaluate such a
case to confirm the diagnosis. (2+6) (IPGMER) [8th Sem]
SHORT NOTES
2. Outline the Metabolism of iron in the body. Compare the laboratory findings of
iron deficiency Anaemia and Thalassemia. (4+6) [10]
3. Enumerate the coagulation cascade(pathway). Describe the clinical pictures of
haemophilia and its management. (4+4) (CNMC) [8th Sem]
4. Define Anemia. Classify anemia according to RBC morphology citing examples. Describe
the peripheral blood pictures of chronic hemolytic anemia. (2+5+3) (RG Kar) [9th sem]
5. Outline the mechanism of hemostasis in children. Briefly write the management of
recently diagnosed of acute ITP. (5+5) (IPGMER) [9th sem]
6. Discuss about physiology of coagulation. Outline the management of ITP. (5+5)
(CNMC) [9th Sem]
1. A 4 yr old child presented with fever, pallor, gum bleeding and 1.5cm palpable
spleen. Mention the d/d of the case & investigate to confirm the diagnosis. (3+5)
[14, Supple]
2. A 4 year old child presented with pallor, fever, gum bleeding and 1.5 cm palpable
spleen. Mention the diagnostic possibility and investigations to confirm diagnosis.
(3+5) [12]
3. A two year old child has presented with fever for 20 days. Examination revealed
severe pallor, hepato-splenomegaly and purpuric spots all over the body.
5. A nine year old girl presented with mild pallor, multiple purpuric spots over different
parts of the body. Clinical examination did not reveal any significant lymphadenopathy,
hepatosplenomegaly. How do you approach the case for diagnosis. (NBMC) [8th Sem]
6. A 6 yr old child presented with 2 wks fever with pallor, lymphadenopathy &
hepatosplenomegaly. Discuss the possible D/d & investigation for confirmation. (4+4)
(NRS) [9th Sem]
8. A 4 year old child is admitted with severe respiratory distress, pallor and generalized
lymphadenopathy. Enumerate the possibilities. How will you investigate such a case?
(3+5) (KPC) [9th Sem]
SHORT NOTES
1. Common causes and laboratory diagnosis of iron deficiency anaemia in children [14]
5. Investigation of 1 year old child with clinical Diagnosis of Thalassemia Major (KPC) [8th
Sem]
1. A 3 yr old child presented with cough & cold for 5 days & respiratory distress
for 5 days. On examination child look toxic & drowsy with head nodding & central
cyanosis. What is the diagnosis as per WHO criteria? How will oyu manage the
case? (1+7) [13, Supple]
2. A 2 year old child admitted with history of fever and cough for last 5 days and developed
respiratory distress for last 2 days. On examination tachypnea and chest indrawing are
present. What is the most probable diagnoses? How do you manage the case? (1+7)
(CNMC) [8th Sem]
3. A 9 month old infant presented in the children ward with acute respiratory distress.
Mention the common causes. How will you proceed to manage the case? (10+12) (RG Kar)
[8th Sem]
4. A child aged 1 year presented with cough and cold. Write the differential diagnoses.
Suggest the investigations to reach the final diagnosis. ( 3+5) (BMC) [8th Sem]
5. A 3 yr old child presented in emergency with history of fever and cough for 3 days and
respiratory distress for 1 day. Enumerate differential diagnoses. How do you approach
such a case for diagnosis. (3+5) (NBMC) [9th Sem]
6. A 2 year old male child presented with sudden onset wheeze with altered sensorium.
What are the differential diagnoses? (MC,K) [8th Sem]
8. One eight year old child presented with fever, chest pain and respiratory
distress for one week. On examination the child is febrile, toxic and respiratory
rate 60/min, trachea shifted to the left and stony dullness on right side of
chest on percussion. What is your provisional diagnosis? How are you going to
manage this case? (1+7) [09, Supple]
9. A 4 yr old boy was presented at the emergency room with acute onset of cough
and respiratory distress. He has no fever. His father also suffers from
recurrent episodes of similar problem. The child was admitted 3 times with
similar complications in the preceeding 1 year. What is your most probable
diagnosis? How will you manage this condition? (1+7) [08]
SHORT NOTES
1. Pneumatocele [14]
3. Enumerate Common causes, describe the clinical features and outline the
management of heart failure in children. (2+4+4) (NBMC) [8th Sem]
SHORT NOTES
13. Management of Cyanotic Spell in a Congenital Heart disease (RG Kar) [8th Sem]
22. Modified Jones Criteria of Rheumatic Fever (KPC), (NBMC) [8th Sem]
1. Describe the C/f & M/m of minimal change nephrotic syndrome. (5+5) [13, Supple]
3. Define Nephrotic Syndrome. How do you investigate and manage a case of 1st attack of
Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome. (2+8) (MC,K) [8th Sem]
2. 4 year old girl presented with haematuria of 1st week duration. Discuss the
possible differential diagnosis and management of UTI. (4+4) (CNMC) [8th Sem]
3. 5 year old boy presented with oliguria and cola coloured urine with edema. How
will you approach this case? (8) (BSMC) [8th Sem]
4. A seven year old girl presents with convulsion in triage room. She had pedal
oedema, decreased urinary output. What is your diagnosis? What are the other
complication of the disease? What relevant investigation you want to perform to
arrive at your diagnosis? (2+3+3) (NRS) [8th Sem]
5. A 7 year old boy presented with the swelling of the whole body starting in the
face and scanty reddish urine for last 3 days. There is h/o few pustules of the
leg 3 weeks back. What is your provisional diagnosis? What investigation would
you like to do? Name the dreaded complication of the disease. Briefly outline the
management of the patient. (1+2+2+3) (BSMC) [9th sem]
SHORT NOTES
Sem]
10. Investigation in a 2 yr old child with urinary tract infection (KPC) [9th Sem]
1. Discuss briefly the synthesis of Thyroid hormones. Outline the clinical features
and treatment of Cretinism. (5+3+2) [12]
2. Discuss different steps of synthesis of thyroxine. How will you screen for
congenital hypothyroidism? (5+5) (NRS) [9th Sem]
1. A 2 year old baby of a diabetic mother weighing 4 kg was brought to NICU with
active convulsions. Mother had history of Prolonged rupture of membrane and the
baby was born by Emergency Caesarean section. Enumerate the probable cause.
How will you manage the case. (2+6) (KPC) [8th Sem]
SHORT NOTES
Sem]
1. Describe the formation and circulation of CSF in brain. Describe the clinical
features of raised intracranial pressure of a 6 year old child. Give an outline of
treatment of such a patient. (3+3+4) [14]
2. How the tone of child is maintained? What are the causes of hypotonic child?
Write the M/m of GB syndrome. (4+3+3) [12, Supple]
4. Enumerate the external ocular muscles innervated by 3rd Cranial nerve and action
of each muscle. A patient gets diplopia when looking towards nose. Which muscle
is involved? What are the causes of 3rd Nerve Palsy? (6+1+3) (KPC) [8th Sem]
5. Describe the formation, circulation and absorption of Normal CSF along with its
complication in children. Give the outline of management of tuberculosis
meningitis? (6+4) (MMC) [8th Sem]
1. A 4 years old child prescribed with h/o fever for 7 days and recurrent convulsion
for last two days and headache. How will you proceed for diagnosis clinically and
by laboratory investigations? (4+4) [13]
2. A 3 yr old child with generalized seizure for >45 mins. What is your provisional
diagnosis? How will you manage the case? (1+7) [12, Supple]
3. A 2 yr old child with running nose and cough for 2 days, develops fever followed
by GTCS. Outline your approach for M/m of seizures in the emergency and what
advice will you give to parents of this child. (8) [10, Supple]
4. A four year old child has been brought to the emergency with convulsion
persisting for more than 30 minutes. How you will diagnose the case? Briefly
narrate the management of the case. [09]
5. A 2 yr old boy presented with acute onset weakness of both lower limbs. Discuss
the differential diagnosis. What is AFP surveillance? (4+4) [08, Supple]
6. 1 yr old child presented with high fever &generalized convulsion. How will you
approach to diagnosis & M/m? (4+4) (kalyani) [9th Sem]
7. A 10year old boy presented in the emergency with high grade fever and vomiting for 2
days. The child had one episode of Generalised Tonic Clonic Convulsion followed by
unconsciousness. Enumerate the etiology and management of this case? (4+4) (CNMC)
[8th Sem]
8. A 10 month old baby having high fever since morning and developed generalized tonic
clonic seizure persisting for about 5 minutes and became well alert after that episode.
What is the most possible diagnosis? How do you manage the case? (1+7) (CNMC) [9 th
Sem]
9. A 10 m male child presented at emergency with high grade fever for last 2 days and
sudden onset generalized tonic clonic seizure for last 10 minutes. What are the
differential diagnoses? Describe the CSF picture of different condition and management
of Pyogenic meningitis. (2+4+4) (CMC) [9th Sem]
SHORT NOTES
14. Etiology and relevant investigation in a 2 yr old febrile child with convulsions
1. A 6 yaer old girl presented with fever, migrating joint pain for last 5 days. She had a
past history of sore throat. What is your provisional diagnosis and how will you
investigate and mange the case? (12) (BSMC) [8th Sem]
SHORT NOTES
MAY THERE BE
BLESSINGS OF THE
ALMIGHTY UPON ALL
OF US.