Assignment in College Statistics #1

Garcia, Keefe I. FS 7:30am – 9am

BSN313

1. Division of statistics: A.) Descriptive Statistics: concerned with the gathering,

classification and presentation of data and the summarizing values to describe
group characteristics of the dats, the most common of which are the measures of
central value, variability, skewness, and kurtosis.
B.) Inferential Statistics: Concerned with drawing
conclusions about a population based on pre-selected samples from the same
population.. If the sample is large it may be treated as equal to that of the
population. If the sample is small, certain assumptions and inferences must be
made based on the limited information given.

2. Logical Steps in Statistical Investigation: A.) Defining the Problem, B.)

Collecting and assembling relevant information, C.) Presenting the Data, D.)
Analyzing the data, E.) Interpreting the results

3. Population: is the totality of objects of a certain class or characteristic in

consideration, such as the number of new students in a certain university.
4. Sample: is a finite number of objects selected from the population possessing
characteristics identical to those of the population.

5. Variable: one of the basic concepts of statistics, a observable characteristic of a

person or object being studied.

6. Types of Data: A.) Primary Data: refer to information which are gathered
directly from an original source or which the researcher gathered himself.
B.) Secondary Data: refer to information which are taken from
published or unpublished data previously gathered by other individuals or
agencies.

7. Presentations of Data: A.) Textual Form: data are incorporated in the text of the
report itself
B.) Tabular Form: data are presented in rows and columns
C.) Graphical Form: data are presented thru graphs and
diagrams

8. Kinds of Variables: A.) Discrete Variable: one whose values are obtained by
counting.
B.) Continuous Variable: one whose values are obtained
from measurements.
9. Scales of Measurement: A.) Nominal Scale: objects are grouped so that all of those
in a single class or category are equal with respect to some attribute or property.
B.) Interval Scale: the relative order and difference of
numbers are important.
C.) Ratio Scale: takes into account the interval size and the
ratio of two numbers.

10. Survey: is done if factors that may affect the investigation are not taken into
consideration.

11. Experiment: is a method wherein effort is exerted to control the factors that may
affect the variable in question

12. Qualitative: if a variable takes on the form of attributes or characteristics such as

race, sex, religion and categorical responses.

13. Quantitative: in nature if they come as measurements such as weights, heights,

temperature, etc.

History of statistics: By the 18th century, the term "statistics" designated the systematic
collection of demographic and economic data by states. In the early 19th century, the
meaning of "statistics" broadened, then including the discipline concerned with the
collection, summary, and analysis of data. Today statistics is widely employed in
government, business, and all the sciences.