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net

- -
- -h

-

-

h
-f - ---Kt--- --u--
----Y - I(--G)
--C-J -v-o-v (-- --u--)
--: 3 -- -J-e -\--: 75
: vov , G, N- o.
N
I. (i) A-yp - vo.
(ii) Eo vo- -- .
(iii) vA vo \. (10 2 = 20)

et
1. (3, y), (2, 7) G-- L (1, 4), (0, 6) G-- L --

n
, 'y' N ?
.
2. 5x 3y 4 = 0, 10x 6y 9 = 0 ---j, u Eo -\.

a
ibh
3. -t" Q{ (3, 2, 1), (4, 1, 1), (6, 2, 5); -v

t
(4, 2, 2) Q{Eo -\.

a
4. x + 2y + 2z - 5 = 0; 3x + 3y + 2z 8 = 0 u Eo -\.

r
p
x 2
Lt .

u
5.
x2 x 2
-:

ad Lt 3x5 1
.

n
6.
x
-:
4x2 + 1

7.
.ee
ax dy
y = , (x a),
a+x dx
-\.

8. (ww) 1t2
x=a
1+t2 ; y=
2bt
1+t2
dy
,
dx
-\.
9.
w y = x2 + 3x + 6, x = 10, x = 0.01 y, dy
10. y = x2 vj G l pz- (0, 0), (1, 1)
-\.
L u --
G- -\.
N G
II. (i) yp - vo.
(ii) j vo- -- .
(iii) vA vo \. (5 4 = 20)
11. (1, 1), (2, 3) G-- '2 - Ex juo vA-Eo EJt -
G- G- O---Eo -\.
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v -h, 3x2 + 10xy + 3y2 = 9 - O---Eo
E- ~-
12.
4
-\.
13. A (2, 1) G y -- X - ~ 30 hC. -
--j A * 4 Ex G-- -\.
14. f(x) = k2x k x 1
{ 2 x<1
C R j N-a o v--i 'k' -\.
15. v * tan 2x ---Eo -\.
16. y = 2x2 vj 'P' L-hC. P \ X - E- - 4 Ex

t
--C. (2, 8) G l P \ Y - E- J -\.

e ( ) 1 1
17. 6x2 5x + 2y = 0; 4x2 + 8y2 = 3 v , l -p p %P----E

n
2 2

.
.

ha
III. (i) D` - o.
N

tib
(ii) j vo- -- .

ra
(iii) vA vo \. (5 7 = 35)

18.
up
-G- * x sec + y cosec = a; x cos - y sin = a cos 2 -

ad
U -- - p, q 4p2 + q2 = a2 E E--.
(lx + my)2 3(mx ly)2 = 0 --J- lx + my + n = 0 - vA-Eo

n
19.

.ee
EJt-h-E , E ju
n2

(l2 + m2) 3
.. E .

ww
20. x2 + 2xy + y2 + 2x + 2y 5 = 0 v 3x y + 1 = 0 G--
-G-- - p -t u Eo -\.

w
21. 3l + m + 5n = 0; 6mn 2nl + 5lm = 0 O--- * C jx o
u -\.
dy y(x logy y)
22. xy = yx =
x(y logx x)
E .
dx

2/ 2/ 2/
23. x 3 + y 3 = a 3 vj G l-j U pz- E- ~- A, B l
h, AB n-E .
24. 'r'
Jei, h h '2 r' E .
ul o -Jx-"-* %h- h \ v- ju

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----
y7
1. (3, y), (2, 7) G-- L = = y 7.
32
64
(1, 4), (0, 6) G-- L = = 2.
0+1
- .
y 7 = 2 y = 9.

t
2. : 5x 3y 4 = 0 10x 6y 8 = 0

. e
: 10x 6y 9 = 0
n c2 c1

a
- u =
h

a2+ b2
tib 9 (8)

a
=
100 + 36
u p r =
1

a d 136

n
1
=

.ee 2 34

*a Q{: (3, 2, 1), (4, 1, 1), (6, 2, 5).


w
3.

w
Q{Eo (x, y, z) -.
3 + 4 + 6 + x 2 + 1 + 2 + y 1 + 1 + 5 + z

w (
-t"
)
-v = , ,
4 4 4

(
13 + x 5 + y 5 + z
= , ,
4 4 4 )
*a -v = (4, 2, 2)
(4, 2, 2) =
( 13 + x 5 + y 5 + z
, ,
4 4 4 )
(16, 8, 8) = (13 + x, 5 + y, 5 + z)
(3, 3, 3) = (x, y, z)

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Q{ = (3, 3, 3).
4. *a O--- x + 2y + 2z 5 = 0 --J- 3x + 3y + 2z 8 = 0.
a1 = 1, b1 = 2, c1 = 2; a2 = 3, b2 = 3, c2 = 2


a1a2 + b1b2 + c1c2
= cos1

a12 + b12 + c12 a22 + b22 + c22
u


(1)(3) + (2)(3) + (2)(2)
= cos1
12 + 22 + 22 32 + 32 + 22


13
= cos1
3 22
x 2
[ (x 2)
] et
n
5. Lt = Lt = Lt (1) = 1
x2 x 2
.
x2 x2 x2

1
x5 3 5 ( ) ha
3x51

ib
x

t
6. Lt = Lt
x 4x2+1 x 2
x 4 +
1
x2 ( ) ra
)p
du = Lt
x3 3 1/x5

(

a ( )
x 4 + 1/x2( )

en = Lt (x3) . Lt
3 1/x5
=

.e
ax
x x 4 + 1/x2

7.

ww
y=
a+x

w
dy

dx
=
d

(a + x)2
d
(a + x) (a x) (a x) (a + x)
dx dx

(a + x) (1) (a x) (1) 2a
= =
(a + x)2 (a + x)2

8. t = tan -.
1 tan2
(
x = a = a cos 2
1 + tan2 )
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dx
= 2a sin 2 (1)
d

(
2 tan
y = b = b sin 2
1 + tan2 )
dy
= 2b cos 2 (2)
d
(2) dy/ 2b cos 2
d
=
(1) dx/
d 2a sin 2
dy b
= . cot 2

t
dx a
b 1
= .
a tan 2
.ne
b 1tan2
( )
=
ha
a 2 tan

tib
a
b (1 t2) b(t2 1)
= =
a (2t)

pr 2at

9.
du
y = x2 + 3x + 6

a
y = f(x + x) f(x)

n
.ee
= (x + x)2 + 3(x + x) + 6 x2 3x 6
= x2 + 2.x . x + (x)2 + 3x + 3.x + 6 x2 3x 6

w w
= 2.x. x + (x)2 + 3.x
= 2(10)(0.01) + (0.01)2 + 3(0.01)

w
= 0.2301
dy = f'(x).x
= (2x + 3)x = (20 + 3)(0.01) = 0.23
10. (0, 0), (1, 1) L u 1.
dy
y = x2 = 2x
dx
pz-, u -.
1
1 = 2x = x
2
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1 2 1
y= =
2 4 ()
1
(0, 1)
2
-Lq G = ( )
1 1
,
2 4

11. G--j P(x, y)


-G- -.
A = (1, 1), B = (2, 3) h G-
PAB = 2


1 x 1 2 x
2=
et
2 y 1 3 y

a.n
4 = x y + 3 + 2 2y 3x

bh
4 = 2x 3y + 5

i
t
16 = (2x 3y + 5)2

a
r
16 = 4x2 + 9y2 + 25 + 12xy 30y 20x

p
du
4x2 + 12xy + 9y2 20x 30y + 9 = 0 -Lq G- O-- -C.

a
XY
12. x = X cos Y sin = X cos Y sin =

n

2

e
4 4

.e X+Y
y = X sin + Y cos = X sin + Y cos =

w
4 4 2

w
- O--

w( ) ( )( ) ( )
XY 2
3
2
+ 10
XY

2
X+Y

2
X+Y 2
+3
2
= 9

3 10 3
(X2 2XY + Y2) + (X2 Y2) + (X2 + 2XY + Y2) = 9
2 2 2
6X2 + 6Y2 + 10X2 10Y2 = 18
16X2 4Y2 = 18
8X2 2Y2 = 9

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13. C d Eo --Tl
xx1 yy1
= = r
cos sin
\, x1 = 2, y1 = 1, = 30, r = 4
x+2 y1
= = 4
cos 30 sin 30

( )

3
x+2= (4) = 2 3
2

y1= ( )
(4)
1

et
=2

n
2

a.
x = 2 3 2; x = 2 3 2


i h
-J- y = 2 + 1; y = 2 + 1
b

t
P = (2 3 2, 3) -J- Q = (2 3 2, 1) -Lq G--

a
pr
14. f(x) v Rj N-*ao

x1

du
Lt f(x) = f(1)

a
Lt f(x) = Lt (2) = 2

n
x1 x1
Lt
x1

.ee+
f(x) = Lt (k2xk) = k2 k
x1

w
k2 k = 2

w
k2 k 2 = 0

w
(k 2) (k + 1) = 0
k = +2 or k = 1.

15. f(x) = tan 2x


f(x + h) = tan [2(x + h)] = tan (2x + 2h)
f(x + h) f(x)
f'(x) = Lt
h0 [
h ]
= Lt
h0 [ tan (2x + 2h) - tan 2x

h ]
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[ ]
sin (2x + 2h) sin 2x
-
= Lt cos (2x + 2h) cos 2x
h 0
h

= Lt
h0 [ sin(2x + 2h)cos 2x - cos(2x + 2h)sin 2x

h. cos (2x + 2h). cos 2x ]
= Lt
[
sin (2x + 2h - 2x)
h 0 h. cos (2x + 2h). cos 2x ]
= Lt
h0 [ sin 2h
. .
h
1 1
cos (2x + 2h). cos 2x ]
sin 2h 1 1
. Lt . Lt

t
= Lt
h0 h h 0 cos(2x + 2h) h 0 cos 2x

= 2. 1 . 1
cos 2x cos 2x
.ne
( )
=2
1
ha = 2 sec2 2x.
cos2 2x

tib
16.
ra
h y = 2x2; dx
= 4; x = 2, y = 8

up dt

d
dy dx
= 2. 2x. = 2. 2. 2. 4 = 32

a
dt dt

en
y E- - 32 Ex --C.

.e
17. 6x2 - 5x + 2y = 0

w w x %d u -- h 6(2x) - 5 + 2 dy

dx
=0

w
dy 5 - 12x
=
dx 2
5 - 12 2
1
( )
( )(
dy

dx 1, 1

2 2 ) 2
-1
= = = M1
2
-

4x2 + 8y2 = 3
dy
x %d u -- h 4(2x) + 8(2y) = 0
dx
dy -x
=
dx 2y

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1
-
( )(
dy

dx 1, 1

2 2 )
2
1
2
2
-1
= = = M2 -
( )
2

M1 = M2 d ( 12 , 12 ) --l v -p p %P---.
18. p = (0, 0) * x sec + y cosec - a = 0 -
=

0+0-a

sec + cosec2
2

-a
=
1 1
+
cos2 sin2

et
-a sin cos
=

.n
cos2 + sin2
a
= a sin cos

ibh
4p2 = 4 a2 sin2 cos2 = a2(2 sin cos )2 = a2 sin2 2 (1)

at
r
q = (0, 0) * x cos - y sin - a cos 2 = 0 -


p
0 - 0 - acos 2

u
=
cos + sin2
d
2

n a
= a cos 2
q2 = a2 cos2 2 (2)

.ee
(1), (2)

w
4p2 + q2 = a2 sin2 2 + a2 cos2 2

w
= a2(sin2 2 + cos2 2)

w
= a2 (1) = a2
4p2 + q2 = a2 E-
19. h -t: (lx + my)2 - 3(mx - ly)2 = 0
l2 x2 + 2 lm xy + m2y2 - 3 m2x2 - 3 l2y2 + 6 lmxy = 0
(l2 - 3 m2)x2 + 8 lmxy + (m2 - 3 l2)y2 = 0
u ''
l2 - 3m2 + m2 - 3 l2
cos =


(l2 - 3m2 - m2 + 3 l2 )2 + (8 lm)2

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-2(l2 + m2)
=


[4(l2 - m2)]2 + 16(4l2m2)


-2(l2 + m2)
=

4 (l

2 - m2)2 + 4l2m2

2(l2 + m2) 1
= = = 60 .
4(l2 + m2) 2
h -t u -Cy-- -t O--:
4lm(x2 - y2) - (l2 - 3m2 - m2 + 3l2)xy = 0

t
4lm x2 - 4lm y2 - 4l2 xy + 4m2 xy = 0

.ne
lm x2 - l2 xy + m2 xy - lm y2 = 0
lx(mx - ly) + my(mx - ly) = 0

ha
(lx + my)(mx - ly) = 0

tib
-Cy-- :
(1)

a
lx + my = 0

r
mx - ly = 0

p
(2)

u
: lx + my + n = 0 (3)

d
(1), (3) - J (0, 0) y C.

a
n
(2), (3) J (0, 0) y C.

.ee
-C --Eo --E--
OAB - vA

ww
(0,0) * lx + my + n = 0
Y

w
-
n
p= B
l2 + m2 lx + my + n = 0
n2 60
p =
2 90
l2 + m2 lx + my = 0 90 60 A
30
30

X
O
mx ly = 0

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p2
ju =
3
- vA
n2
=
l2+m2

3
n2
=
(l2 + m2) 3
..

20. v O--: x2 + 2xy + y2 + 2x + 2y 5 = 0


O-- : 3x y + 1 = 0
y 3x = 1
et
- h,

a.n
(x2 + 2xy + y2) + (2x + 2y) (1) 5(1)2 = 0

bh
x2 + 2xy + y2 + (2x + 2y) (y 3x) 5(y 3x)2 = 0

i
t
x2 + 2xy + y2 + 2xy 6x2 + 2y2 6xy 5y2 45x2 + 30xy = 0

a
pr
50x2 + 28xy 2y2 = 0
50x2 28xy + 2y2 = 0 (or) 25x2 14xy + y2 = 0

du ''

a
-t u

n
25 +1
cos =

e

(25 1)2 + (14)2
e
w. =
26

(24)2 + 142
w
w
=

26

576 + 196


26 26
= =

772 2 193


=
13

193

( )
= cos1
13

193
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21. 3l + m + 5n = 0
m = (3l + 5n) (1)
6mn 2nl + 5lm = 0
6n(3l 5n) 2nl + 5l(3l 5n) = 0
18nl 30n2 2nl 15l2 25ln = 0
-30n2 45nl 15l2 = 0
2n2 + 3nl + l2 = 0
2n2 + 2nl + nl + l2 = 0
2n(n + l) + l(n + l) = 0
(n + l)(2n + l) = 0
l
n = l or n =
et
(1) m = 3l 5n
2

a.n
ibh
n = l m = 3l + 5l = 2l

t
l 5 l
n = m = 3l + l =

a
2 2 2

l
r
l : m : n = l : 2l : l = 1 : 2 : 1 (for n = l )

( up) l l

d
= l : : = 2 : 1 : 1 for n =
2 2 2

( na )
= cos1
(1)(2) + (2)(1) + (1)(1)

ee
1 + 4 + 1 4 + 1 + 1

(w. )
= cos1
22+1

w
w ()
= cos1
6 6
1
-Lq
6

22. xy = yx
log xy = log yx
y log x = x log y
-j- 'x' %d u -- h
()
1
y
x
dy 1 dy
+ logx. = x. . + logy. (1)
dx y dx

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y x
(
logy = logx
x y ) dy

dx
y x logy x y logx
=
x y ( ) dy

dx
y(y x logy) dy
=
x(x y logx) dx
dy y(x logy y)
=
dx x(y logx x)

2 2 2
23. x /3 + y /3 = a /3
2
x /3
() ()
+
2
y /3
et
n
=1

.
a a

x

1/ 2

[( ) ] [( ) ]
3

ha y

1/ 2
3

b
+ =1

i
a a
1

at 1

r
x /3 y /3
( ) --J- ( )
= cos = sin [... cos2 + sin2 = 1]

p
a a
-
x

du
a = cos (or) x = a cos
3 3

y
na
e
a = sin (or) y = a sin
3 3

.e
dy dy/d
= =
a. 3sin2 . cos

ww
dx dx/
d
dy sin
=
a .3 cos2. (sin )

w dx cos
'' l pz- O--
y a sin3 sin
=
x a cos3 cos
y cos a cos sin3 = x sin + a sin cos3
x sin + y cos = a sin cos (cos2 + sin2 )
x sin + y cos = a sin cos
x y
+ =1
a cos a sin

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X intercept = OA = a cos A = (a cos , 0)
Y - intercept = OB = a sin B = (0, a sin )

p, AB = a2 cos2 + a2 sin2 = a(1) = n
AB n.

24. ul 'r'(h)
'h', 'R' - -%-h- h h, u-l -
h 2
* R2 + = r2
4
h v- ju = 2Rh = S -
S2 = 42 R2 h2
et
( ) 2 2 2

a
4
.
h2
= 4 h r
n
bh
S(h) = 42 r2 h2 2 h4

i
t
S'(h) = 42 r2 (2h) 2 (4h3)

a
pr
S"(h) = 42 r2(2) 2(12h2)
h r
u
S'(h) = 0
2

ad
42 r2 (2h) = 2(4h3)
2r2 = h2 (or)

2 r = h
R

en
h2 = 2r2 , S"(h) = 42 r2 (2) 2 (12. 2r2)

.e = 82 r2 242 r2

ww = 16 2 r2 ( -t d Je)

Je v- j-u-E h h 2 r --E E---iC.

w (Prepared by C. Sada Siva Sastry)

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