BG Standard

Materials Engineering
Cathodic Protection

BGA-ENG-MATL-TS-0006

Value Assurance Framework (VAF)

 Value Assurance Framework (VAF) BG Standard
Cathodic Protection

DOCUMENT INFORMATION SHEET

TITLE: Materials Technical Standard Cathodic Protection

PURPOSE AND SCOPE:

This Standard sets out Company requirements for developing and implementing the cathodic protection
strategy when selected in accordance with BGA-ENG-MATL-TS-0001.

Document No: Issue No: Issue Date:

BGA-ENG-MATL-TS-0006 02a 12/11/08

FOR ISSUE:
Signature: Position: Group Technical Authority Materials / Welding /
Corrosion and document custodian

Name: Richard Carroll Email address: richard.carroll@bg-group.com

CHECKED AND ENDORSED BY: (NR Check not required)

Dept. Signature Name Position

Engineering M. Freeman Head of Engineering

Safety M Nishapati Head of Safety engineering

Environment D.Ord Head of Environment

Well
Engineering
Operations R.Murray Head of Asset Integrity

Others L.Guthrie Head of Projects

FINAL APPROVAL:
Signature: Position:

Name: Date:

APPROVAL AND ISSUE RECORD:

Issue Author Approved

Date Description
No. (name) (name)

01 Oct 2006 Issued for Use R Carroll M. Freeman

02 02/04/08 Revised and re-issued
02a 12/11/08 Approvers changed

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REVISION RECORD:

Issue No. Description of Revision

02 Introduction revised to match updated standard template

02a Mark Nishapati added to approvers replacing Michael Tousignant

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Contents
1.0 INTRODUCTION 5
1.1 Purpose and Scope 5
1.2 Definitions 6
1.3 Abbreviations 7
1.4 Units 7
1.5 Referenced/Associated Documents 8
2.0 BASIS FOR CATHODIC PROTECTION 9
2.1 General 9
2.2 Health, Safety & Environment 10
2.3 Design Life 10
2.4 Existing Facilities 11
2.5 Environmental Survey 11
2.6 Electrical Isolation 12
2.7 Electrical Interference Effects 13
2.8 Current Density and Protection Criteria 13
3.0 MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT 14
3.1 General 14
3.2 Anodes 14
3.3 Rectifiers 15
3.4 Cables 15
4.0 SPECIFIC DESIGN REQUIREMENTS 15
4.1 Marine Structures 15
4.2 Submerged Pipelines 16
4.3 On-shore Well Casings 16
4.4 Land Based Pipelines 17
4.5 In-plant Buried Piping, Vessels and Structures 18
4.6 Above Ground Storage Tank Base Plates 18
4.7 Process Vessels, Storage Tanks and Piping Internal Surfaces 19
5.0 INSTALLATION, COMMISSIONING AND MONITORING 20
5.1 Installation 20
5.2 Commissioning 20
5.3 Monitoring 21
6.0 QUALITY CONTROL 21
6.1 General 21
6.2 Documentation 22
7.0 FEEDBACK 23
APPENDIX A - LIST OF REFERENCED / ASSOCIATED DOCUMENTS 24
APPENDIX B - FEEDBACK FORM 26

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1.0 INTRODUCTION

This Standard should be read in conjunction with the Purpose, Development and Application of BG
Standards and Guidelines Standard (BGA-BGA-GEN-OS-0001).
It is essential that everyone is aware that compliance with this, or any other Company Standard, is
mandatory and failure to comply may constitute serious misconduct and disciplinary action may be taken
against the employee(s). Failure to comply with the Standard by a secondee or contractor may result in the
termination of their secondment or engagement and or any other appropriate action being taken.
Although BG Standards are mandatory, dispensations may be granted in exceptional cases by the relevant
GTA/Head of Function. The Dispensations against BG Standards (BGA-BGA-GEN-OS-004) sets out the
procedure in full. Please note that dispensations need to be granted before any BG Standard is deviated
from.
In all instances, legally required National codes and standards of the country where the equipment is to be
operated shall be complied with, together with any other applicable legal requirements.
Where BG Standards are more stringent, then the BG requirements shall take precedence. Where a BG
Standard appears to be less stringent, then the applicable legal requirements shall be followed and it shall
be brought to the attention of the appropriate BG Group Technical Authority.
All applicable International Codes and Standards shall be complied with.
If you are reading a hard copy of this Standard, you should consider it out of date and refer instead
to the version currently on the Portal.

1.1 Purpose and Scope

This Standard sets out Company requirements for developing and implementing the cathodic protection
strategy when selected in accordance with BGA-ENG-MATL-TS-0001 and is applicable to the following
items:
Submerged zones of marine structures
Commentary: This will include all inshore and offshore structures exposed to seabed or seawater environments and in-land lake
and water courses e.g. jacket structures (including pile areas, well casings, conductor guide frames and J-tubes),
jetties, trestles, harbour facilities etc., sub-sea manifolds, sub-sea christmas trees and associated well casings

External surface of submerged steel pipe lines

Commentary: This will include risers (if electrically isolated from jacket), jumpers, pipe lines & inter-field flow lines

External surfaces of on-shore well casings

External surfaces of direct buried, land based steel pipe lines (including flow lines, trunk lines and
distribution piping)
Internal surfaces of steel process vessels, piping and above ground storage tanks in contact with an
electrolyte
Commentary: This will include oil treating equipment such as desalters and dehydrators, storage tanks for potable water, fire water
etc.

Soil-side surfaces of above ground steel storage tank base plates

External surfaces of direct buried, steel process vessels, storage tanks and mounded storage bullets
External surfaces of direct buried, in-plant, steel piping
Commentary: This will include pressure retaining hydrocarbon and safety-critical piping and non-pressure retaining piping
containing products that may pose a safety or environmental threat if leakage occurs e.g. atmospheric drain lines
handling H2S. It will also include short sections of normally above ground piping at road, rail crossings etc. or at
connections to existing buried piping

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External surfaces of steel casings at road, rail, camel crossings etc.

External surfaces of direct buried, steel components of non-metallic piping or pipe line systems
Commentary: This will include valves, fire hydrant risers etc.

Steel reinforcement in submerged or buried concrete structures

External surfaces of direct buried portions of steel support piles.
Excluded from the scope of this document is retrofitting of cathodic protection systems to existing facilities
or components.
Commentary: For cathodic protection of these, contact the Technical Authority in the first instance

The range of business segments and development lifecycle stages to which this Standard applies are
identified below:

All developments/projects, world-wide

Business T&
Segment: Upstream Power LNG
D
X X X
X

Developme Creat Selec Decom

nt Stage: Execute
e t mission
X
X

Commentary: It is expected that this Standard will be more applicable from the Select stage onwards for new green field
developments but its applicability at earlier stages should be assessed for brown field incremental developments

1.2 Definitions

Company BG Group or a wholly owned subsidiary company or other client organisation;

Contractor The person, firm or company undertaking to supply services plant, or
equipment to which this document applies;
Vendor The main supplier or manufacturer of the items of plant or equipment to which
this document applies, including items that may be designed and/or
manufactured by others
Shall A mandatory term - no dispensation is permitted without written approval using
the formal dispensation procedure;
Should A recommended term applied to this Standard, indicating a certain course of
action is preferred but not necessarily required
Group Technical The manager or principal discipline engineer responsible for producing and
Authority maintaining a given Standard / Guideline; Review and either approve or reject
Dispensation Requests made against BG Standards by Asset / Project.

Safety-critical Any structure, plant or equipment, or component part whose failure could
cause or contribute substantially to a major accident or which is intended to
prevent or limit the effect of a major accident

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1.3 Abbreviations

API American Petroleum Institute

BS British Standard
CFC Chlorofluorocarbons
CIPS Close Interval Potential Survey
CRA ion Resistant Alloy
DCVG Direct Current Voltage Gradient
ESD Emergency Shutdown
FRP Fibre Reinforced Plastic
FWPH Flowing Wellhead Pressure
HISC Hydrogen Induced Stress Cracking
HSCI High Silicon Cast Iron
ISO International Standards Organisation
MIC Microbial Induced Corrosion
MMO/Ti Mixed Metal Oxide/Titanium
PCB Polychlorobiphenyls
ROV Remote Operated Vehicle
ROW Right of Way
RTR Reinforced Thermosetting Resin (synonymous with FRP)
SI Systme International dUnits
T&I Turnaround and inspection interval between planned shutdown (turnaround)
activities as defined by the Company or RBA process
VOC Volatile Organic Compounds

1.4 Units
Company requirements are that metric SI units shall be used throughout. If an asset requires Imperial units
to be used for clarity, then SI units shall be stated, followed by the local requirement in brackets. The
following exceptions shall apply:

Pressure shall be expressed as either gauge pressure in barg or absolute pressure in bara,
gauge pressure being referenced to Standard Atmospheric pressure of 1.01325 bara.
Temperature shall be expressed as degrees Celsius (oC)
Dynamic viscosity shall be expressed as centipoise (cP)

In addition, the following common industry units shall also be used (applying dual units where appropriate):

Volume gas flow in million standard cubic feet per day (MMscfd)
Volume liquid flow in barrels per day (bpd) or US gallons per minute (gpm) as appropriate
Stock tank oil/condensate flow shall be expressed in stock tank barrels per day (stbpd) and
reflect the oil/condensate volumetric flow after flashing to stock tank conditions of 1.01325
bara and 15.5556 oC.

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The definition of Standard Conditions for pressure and temperature that shall be applied is 1 atmosphere
pressure (or 1.01325 bara) and 15.5556 oC (rather than 1 atmosphere and 273.15 degrees Kelvin (0 oC).).

Any deviations to this definition to be consistent with local standards shall be discussed and
agreed with BG Advance Engineering but shall, as a minimum, be fully defined in the project Basis
of Design.

1.5 Referenced/Associated Documents

Appendix A contains a list of referenced and associated documents related to this BG standard.

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2.0 BASIS FOR CATHODIC PROTECTION

2.1 General
2.1.1 Contractor shall select internationally recognised codes of practice and standards for the design,
manufacture, inspection, installation and commissioning of cathodic protection systems within the
scope of this Standard, using the following list in the first instance:

Marine structures DNV-RP-B401, EN 12495, EN 13174, EEMUA 194, NACE

RP0176
Submerged steel pipe lines ISO 15589-2, DNV-RP-F103, EN 12474, NACE RP0169,
Buried on-land based steel pipe lines ISO 15589-1, EN 12954, NACE RP0169
In-plant steel piping including steel EN 12954, NACE RP0169,
components of non-metallic piping
systems, steel piles
Internal surfaces of steel vessels, NACE RP0196, NACE RP 0388, NACE RP0575
storage tanks and piping
Soil-side surfaces of above ground NACE RP0193, API RP651
storage tanks
Direct buried steel vessels, storage EEMUA 190, NACE RP0285
tanks and mounded storage bullets
Steel reinforcement in concrete NACE RP0290
structures
Well casings NACE RP0186
Commentary: Alternative codes may be proposed where it can be demonstrated they will achieve an equivalent technical result

2.1.2 Contractor shall determine the requirement for cathodic protection based on the corrosion risk
assessment required by BGA-ENG-MATL-TS-001 but unless otherwise agreed with Company the
following items shall always be protected by a suitable cathodic protection system:
Submerged pipe lines, manifolds and associated equipment
Buried, on-land pipe lines covered by ISO 13623/EN 14161
Offshore jacket structures
Mounded storage bullets.
Commentary: Company and industry experience is that these are safety-critical items and require additional protection to that
provided by coatings. Other items within the scope of this Standard should be evaluated to determine whether the
installation of additional cathodic protection is feasible and economically justified in lowering the likelihood of
corrosion and subsequent impact on safety, asset integrity, production, operability and the environment

2.1.3 In defining the appropriate cathodic protection strategy Contractor shall evaluate all applicable
parameters that will influence the design and operation of the system, including but not limited to:
Environmental conditions
Commentary: This will include conditions such as electrolyte resistivity at applicable depths and locations, soil pH, presence of
anaerobic conditions and bacterial activity, dissolved oxygen levels, temperature, salinity, fouling tendency, flow
rates/turbulence, calcareous deposit formation

Details of media to be stored or processed

Commentary: This will include details of media such as produced or connate water in oil treating equipment, cooling or fire water for
storage tanks etc., sludge in storage tanks in general, water or sludge with a resistivity of 2000 Ohm-cm or less is
considered corrosive

Experience of similar structures in the same environment

Type of shop and field coatings

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Composition of backfill materials

Presence of earthing systems
Presence of high voltage overhead lines, AC or DC traction or power systems, other sources of
interference or stray currents
Presence of existing cathodic protection systems
Presence of existing buried structures, pipe lines etc.
2.1.4 In addition to the parameters referenced in paragraph 2.1.1, Contractor shall evaluate the ease of
installation, market availability, local content and satisfactory, documented service experience of the
selected systems in developing the cathodic protection strategy.
2.1.5 Contractor shall develop detailed specifications for the design, purchase, inspection, installation and
commissioning of the cathodic protection system.
2.1.6 Unless otherwise stated in this Standard, cathodically protected structures shall be protected with a
high integrity coating system to reduce current demand. The selection of suitable coating systems shall
be subject to review and agreement by Company.
2.1.7 Once the cathodic protection strategy has been reviewed and agreed with Company, no changes are
permitted without Company agreement.
2.2 Health, Safety & Environment
2.2.1 Contractor shall ensure that all activities involved in the development, installation and operation of the
cathodic protection strategy reduce the occurrence of hazardous events to as low as reasonably
practicable (ALARP) including but not limited to:
Implementation of safety measures for protecting workers in accordance with all local and national
regulations including provision of suitable protective equipment and training in its use, regular
safety briefings/tool-box talks etc.
Provision of adequate ventilation and extraction facilities in confined spaces to prevent the build-up
of toxic or flammable atmospheres
Commentary: This requirement is principally aimed at minimising the likelihood of toxic chlorine gas or flammable hydrogen-air
mixtures occurring in confined spaces as part of the cathodic protection reaction (H2S can also be an issue in
confined spaces as a result of MIC)

Provision of adequate access and secure, temporary formwork to ensure safe working
environments below grade
Provision of adequate safety systems to prevent electric shock either from impressed current
systems or from lightning strikes
Adherence to existing asset permit-to-work systems including adequate training of personnel in
their use.
2.2.2 Contractor shall ensure that manufacturing and installation processes, and any associated materials
and substances, do not constitute a toxic, microbiological or organoleptic hazard. Materials and
substances shall not contain asbestos, PCBs, CFCs and Halon refrigerants, or VOCs in excess of
local, national and international legal limits.
2.3 Design Life
2.3.1 The design of the cathodic protection system shall ensure that the facilities are adequately protected for
a minimum of 20 years unless otherwise specified by Company. For the following systems a shorter
design life is permitted:
Cathodic protection systems for on-shore well casings shall ensure a design life equivalent to the
anticipated life expectancy of the well
Internal cathodic protection systems for process vessels and storage tanks shall ensure a design
life of 5 years or one full T & I interval, whichever is greater

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Temporary cathodic protection systems shall be capable of protecting structures for a minimum of 2
years.
2.4 Existing Facilities
2.4.1 Where cathodic protection is specified for brown field incremental projects at existing facilities or for
new pipe lines in an existing corridor/ROW, Contractor shall ensure that the new cathodic protection
system does not interfere with the performance of any existing cathodic protection system(s).
2.4.2 In developing the cathodic protection strategy Contractor shall evaluate the following as a minimum:
Existing protection levels
Existing electrical isolation of system
Coating quality of existing buried components
Potential interference effects from existing systems on new systems
Output levels and capacity of the existing system
Accessibility for installing new systems.
2.4.3 Where feasible and economically justified, either any surplus capacity in the existing cathodic
protection system should be used to protect the new structure(s) or the existing system should be
upgraded in which case Contractor shall submit detailed design calculations to confirm no loss of
protection to existing systems and remedial work required to upgrade system (e.g. increased capacity
of rectifier, number of additional anodes, additional drain cables etc.).
2.4.4 Where it is not feasible or economically justified to use an existing cathodic protection system
Contractor shall ensure that any new cathodic protection system is electrically isolated from, and does
not interfere with, the existing system. Where complete electrical isolation is not feasible, Contractor
shall design the new system to minimise current loss to foreign structures e.g. using hot-spot or
localised systems.
2.5 Environmental Survey
2.5.1 In evaluating the requirement for cathodic protection systems Contractor shall undertake a survey to
confirm the nature of the environment to which the structure is exposed including, but limited to:
For marine structures, the water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen content, resistivity,
suspended solids, sea currents, tidal movements and any potential for marine growth or calcareous
deposits shall be confirmed at the relevant depths associated with the structure Where this survey
is not feasible or no reliable empirical data exists, Contractor shall undertake suitable testing to
confirm appropriate parameters for use in the design
For direct buried steel components, the soil resistivity and composition shall be confirmed as
follows:
o From a representative sample of the proposed installation locations for localised galvanic anode
or impressed current distributed anode beds, measurements
o At 10m intervals over the entire length of the proposed installation location for impressed current
remote surface anode beds
o During drilling of the anode hole for impressed current deep anode beds, measurements
Commentary: If imported materials are used for backfill, mounding or foundations, the results from any initial measurements of the
native soil shall be re-confirmed after completion of all ground engineering work

For above ground storage tank base plates, the foundation fill resistivity and composition shall be
confirmed sufficiently well in advance of the installation to permit design of the cathodic protection
system and shall be re-confirmed once the system is installed and the foundation backfilled but
prior to installation of the tank base plates
For internal surfaces of above ground storage tanks and process vessels, the medias resistivity
and dissolved oxygen content shall be confirmed at the normal operating temperature.
2.5.2 Soil resistivity measurements should be made using either a non-contact electromagnetic instrument
(e.g. Geonics, Syscal) to a depth commensurate with the burial depth or the Wenner 4-pin method.

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Commentary: Electromagnetic instruments will normally be used for soil resistivities in excess of 1000 Ohm.cm

2.6 Electrical Isolation

2.6.1 Contractor shall evaluate the need for electrical isolation of each cathodic protection system including
but not limited, to:
Marine structures should be electrically continuous and isolating devices should not be used other
than where the design requires isolation of pipe lines or risers from the structure
Submerged pipe lines shall be electrically isolated in accordance with the recommendations in the
design codes and the following:
o Change of ownership
o Offshore-to-onshore landfall transitions
o Pipe line-jacket structure transition unless the design of both systems ensure compatibility
without impairing the performance of either system
o Flexible pipe-to-fixed pipe transitions.
Land-based pipe lines shall be electrically isolated in accordance with the recommendations in
design codes and the following:
o Offshore-to-onshore landfall transitions
o Connections to unprotected structures such as in-line inspection tool launcher/receiver, valve
stations etc.
o Above ground cross-over and by-pass piping supports, buried steel anchors and supports
o Pipe line to in-plant piping transitions
o Transmission pipe lines to distribution/service piping.
Commentary: Contractor should evaluate whether additional cathodic protection may be more effective than electrical isolation in
some of the above cases

For individual or multiple well casings, Contractor shall evaluate the need for electrical isolation
between the well head and associated pipe line/flow line based on the layout of the well site and
overall system design
Commentary: In principle the cathodic protection system for the pipe line and well casing should be operated as an integrated
system unless distance or proximity to other buried structures or plant facilities makes this approach unfeasible
and/or costly

For new, above ground storage tanks with cathodic protection systems installed between the base
plates and membrane, Contractor shall evaluate the need for electrical isolation of the piping
entering and exiting the tank based on the positioning and proximity of the anode grids relative to
the tank base
Buried in-plant piping, equipment and structures shall be electrically continuous and isolating
devices shall not used other than to limit flow of current from the in-plant cathodic protection system
to off-plot pipe lines or to above grade steel structures or buildings.
Commentary: If the buried components are not electrically continuous as a result of welding Contractor shall install continuity bonds
between affected components, terminating cable connections in above grade electrical enclosures

2.6.2 Where electrical isolation is required the design, installation and testing of isolating joints shall comply
with NACE RP0286 and the following:
The isolating device shall be installed at an easily accessible location to enable easy maintenance
and inspection
Isolating devices shall not be installed in submerged or buried sections of pipe lines or in locations
classified as potentially flammable unless otherwise agreed with Company.
Commentary: Even with the installation of protective devices to minimise the likelihood of arcing from high voltage surges, there is
an increased risk from installing isolating devices in flammable areas and they should not be used unless absolutely
necessary

Electrical continuity shall be confirmed at all flanged or clamp-type joints.

Commentary: Bolting between flanges or clamp sections does not necessarily guarantee electrical continuity across the joint

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2.7 Electrical Interference Effects

2.7.1 Contractor shall ensure that the impact of any electrical grounding system is included in the design of
the cathodic protection system including, but not limited to:
Isolation of cathodically protected structures from the plant grounding system to avoid loss of
protection current
Positioning of electrical ground rods and conductors in the immediate vicinity of a cathodically
protected structure should be avoided but should not be installed closer than 3m. Where this is not
feasible all ground conductors within 3m of, or electrically continuous with, a cathodically protected
structure shall be insulated
Where grounding is required for the cathodically protected structure for safety reasons, it shall be
separate from the rest of the electrical grounding system. Ground rods should be galvanised
carbon steel or other suitable corrosion resistant alloy.
2.7.2 Contractor shall evaluate the likelihood of electrical interference on cathodic protected components
including, but limited, to:
Stray currents from other cathodic protection systems
Stray currents from DC traction systems or power sources
Stray currents from AC traction systems or power sources or lightning
Telluric currents.
2.7.3 Where such interference effects are anticipated or detected during commissioning and testing,
Contractor shall specify appropriate mitigation measures including, but not limited, to:
Design and install electrical bonds with suitable resistance between the affected structures
Installation of additional, localised cathodic protection in the area(s) at which the current is being
discharged at the affected component
Installation of dielectric shields
Relocation of ground beds
Relocation of the affected component
Installation of suitable located isolating joints in the affected component
Application of coatings at the area(s) at which the current is being picked up on the affected
component
Installation of grounding mats.
Commentary: The requirements of NACE RP0177 should be included in the design of components subject to AC current and
lightning effects

2.7.4 On completion of the remedial mitigation measures Contractor shall re-test the soil-to-component
potential and dynamic interference current of the affected component to confirm that the remedial
measures are effective.
Commentary: Further details of dynamic interference testing is contained in NACE RP0177

2.8 Current Density and Protection Criteria

2.8.1 Contractor shall ensure that the design of the cathodic protection system delivers an adequate current
density to polarise the whole of the item under protection to the minimum required level for full
protection.
2.8.2 In determining the minimum required current densities for the item under protection, Contractor shall
evaluate the following parameters as a minimum:
Material of construction
Coating system applied to the item, coating breakdown factor over the design life

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Water temperature, depth, oxygen content, tidal velocity, calcareous deposit formation, marine
growth fouling.
2.8.3 The level of polarisation shall be in accordance with the relevant design codes but shall recognise the
following requirements:
The design shall avoid over-polarisation due to the potential for HISC and/or coating disbondment
Commentary: HISC has been experienced with high strength ferritic steels and CRAs such as duplex and martensitic stainless
steels. Experience with titanium is limited but in principle it may also be susceptible and precautions should be taken
if its use is proposed

The materials of construction

Commentary: CRAs generally require less negative potentials for full protection where they are connected to ferritic steels the
more negative potential criteria is normally applied but over-polarisation shall be avoided

The presence of anaerobic conditions or high temperature environments

Commentary: These conditions will normally require a more negative potential for full protection but over-polarisation shall be
avoided

2.8.4 Where CRAs are proposed for use in sub-sea equipment (e.g. manifolds, christmas trees, umbilical end
terminations, pipe lines etc.) Contractor shall ensure that the basic design, material specification,
coating selection and cathodic protection system design minimise the likelihood of HISC including but
not limited to, the following:
Adherence to the design guidelines in M-WA-01 and EEMUA 194 (as applicable to the material
selection)
Provision of a high integrity coating system, qualified for resistance to cathodic disbonding at the
maximum operating temperature
Specifying maximum hardness limits in accordance with NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 (as applicable
to the material selection)
Commentary: These hardness limits shall be applied even where the process environment is not sour the intention is to minimise
hard microstructures that may be more susceptible to HISC

Avoiding attachment of anodes directly to CRA components anode pads shall be used, designed
to minimise local plastic strain
Commentary: Short anode pipe spools may be used as an alternative to attaching anodes directly to the CRA

Avoiding designs with complex geometries that make it difficult to achieve uniform current
distribution
Avoiding interaction with other cathodic protection systems to prevent overprotection of the CRA
Commentary: Low voltage cathodic protection may be considered as an alternative to conventional systems but should not be used
if carbon steel is present as the carbon steel may not become sufficiently polarised

3.0 MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT

3.1 General
3.1.1 Contractor shall develop detailed material specifications and purchase orders (as appropriate to its
scope of supply) for all anode materials and associated equipment such as rectifiers, cables, reference
electrodes etc.
3.2 Anodes
3.2.1 Anodes shall be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of the relevant design code and the
following:
Only anodes that have been pre-qualified by a procedure approved by Contractor are acceptable.
The manufacturing procedure shall include method of casting, minimum and maximum chemical
composition ranges, guaranteed consumption rates and electrochemical characteristics, anode-to-

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cable resistance, extent of destructive and non-destructive testing, weight and dimensional
tolerances as a minimum
Sacrificial anodes shall be manufactured from high purity alloys. Low purity anodes or anodes
activated with mercury or cadmium are not permitted
Contractor shall confirm that anodes are suitable for the specified application and the complete
range of anticipated environmental conditions including temperature and environment resistivity
Steel cores for sacrificial anodes shall be manufactured from killed or semi-killed weldable steel
where welding is proposed for attaching anode to the structure.
3.2.2 Cables shall be securely attached to the anode and covered with an insulating sheath or sleeve. Cable
pull-out tests shall form part of the inspection and testing requirements. Damaged or repaired cables or
sheaths/sleeves are not permitted.
3.2.3 Pre-packaged sacrificial anodes shall be contained in a water absorbent material and its output certified
for the material and fill.
3.2.4 Contractor shall ensure that representative inspection and testing of each type of anode is performed
by the manufacturer and witnessed by Contractor.
3.2.5 Each anode shall be labelled with all relevant information, including type, dimensions, unique
identification number for traceability and the manufacturer, in an indelible manner. The anodes shall be
transported and stored in a manner that prevents damage to the anodes or cables and enables
individual anodes to be removed without effecting the remaining anodes or anode cables.
3.3 Rectifiers
3.3.1 Rectifiers shall be shall be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of the relevant design
code and the following:
Rectifiers shall comply with the appropriate electrical and hazardous area regulations for the site
and shall be suitable for both indoor and outdoor use
Rectifiers shall be suitable for the prevailing atmospheric conditions at site and shall be guaranteed
for the design life of the cathodic protection system.
3.4 Cables
3.4.1 All cables shall be manufactured from single core stranded copper with double insulation and sheathed
to prevent damage form the buried or immersed environment. Where third party damage may occur
armoured cables should be used.
Commentary: The selection of protective sheathing shall take into account potential for chlorine production or high acidity in deep
ground beds or marine organisms in sub-sea applications

3.4.2 All cables shall be sized to ensure no excessive voltage drops occur that could reduce the capacity of
the system.
3.4.3 Cable splices shall not be made at underground or undersea locations unless agreed with Company.

4.0 SPECIFIC DESIGN REQUIREMENTS

4.1 Marine Structures

4.1.1 Contractor shall ensure that the cathodic protection system provides uniform current distribution, and
the required structure-to-electrolyte potential is met, over the entire surface area of the structure
including, but not limited to, the following:
The recommendations in the design codes shall be mandatory unless otherwise agreed with
Company
The design prevents over-polarisation of high strength carbon steels or CRAs and does not impair
the corrosion-fatigue performance of the structure or exacerbate the likelihood of galvanic corrosion
between dissimilar metals.

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4.1.2 The requirement for coating of submerged zones shall be subject to an economic and current demand
evaluation and shall be subject to Company review.
Commentary: The submerged zone of fixed offshore structures is normally not coated unless very high current demand or required
weight of anodes would result in an ineffective cathodic protection design. Other marine structures such as in-shore
and in-land jetties, trestles, piles etc. should be coated to reduce current demand unless the evaluation indicates it is
not feasible or uneconomic

4.1.3 Contractor shall include an allowance for current drain to well casings (whether jacket or sub-sea), mud
mats, piles and mooring chains.
4.1.4 Where the use of CRAs is proposed, the requirements in paragraph 2.8.4 shall be met to minimise the
likelihood of HISC.
4.1.5 Monitoring of marine structures shall be in accordance with the design codes, and the following:
Permanent reference electrodes and anode output/current density monitors shall be installed on
offshore jacket structures at locations representing key features and zones. The extent and
location shall be agreed with Company
A permanent test station shall be installed on each sub-sea manifold and christmas tree, suitable
for interrogation by diver and/or ROV
A sufficient number of permanent test stations shall be installed on jetties, trestles or other in-shore
structures to demonstrate that the submerged structure is fully protected across its entire area.
The extent and location shall be agreed with Company.
4.2 Submerged Pipelines
4.2.1 Contractor shall ensure that the cathodic protection system provides uniform current distribution, and
the required structure-to-electrolyte potential is met, over the entire surface area of the structure
including, but not limited to, the following:
The recommendations in the design codes shall be mandatory unless otherwise agreed with
Company
The design prevents over-polarisation of high strength carbon steels or CRAs and does not
exacerbate the likelihood of galvanic corrosion between dissimilar metals.
4.2.2 All surfaces shall be protected with a high integrity coating system, qualified for resistance to cathodic
disbanding at the maximum operating temperature.
4.2.3 Submerged pipe lines shall normally be protected by a sacrificial anode system. An impressed current
system may be proposed for the following situations:
On short sections of pipe line that terminate at a structure with an impressed current system
On short sections of in-shore pipe line where an impressed current system can be operated from
the shore.
4.2.4 Where the use of CRAs is proposed the requirements in paragraph 2.8.4 shall be met to minimise the
likelihood of HISC.
4.2.5 Contractor shall assess the impact of weight coatings or thermal insulation on the requirements for, and
effectiveness of, cathodic protection systems.
4.2.6 Monitoring of the pipe line shall be in accordance with the design codes, with permanent test stations
provided at each end of the pipe line. Contractor shall define the limitations on accuracy associated
with this requirement and incorporate in its corrosion management guidelines (as required by BGA-
ENG-MATL-TS-001)
Commentary: Company recognises that potential measurements at these points may not be representative of the whole pipe line
therefore an understanding of the inherent limitations on the accuracy is required in developing the corrosion
management strategy

4.3 On-shore Well Casings

4.3.1 Contractor shall ensure that the cathodic protection system provides uniform current distribution, and
the required structure-to-electrolyte potential is met, over the entire external surface area of the well
casing including, but not limited to, the following:

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The recommendations in the design codes shall be mandatory unless otherwise agreed with
Company
The design prevents over-polarisation of high strength carbon and low alloy steels and does not
exacerbate the likelihood of galvanic corrosion between dissimilar metals.
4.3.2 Contractor shall evaluate the most cost effective design based on the well site layout, proximity of well
sites and to other plant facilities including but not limited to:
Each well casing shall have a dedicated cathodic protection system unless the distance between
well sites is such that a common system can provide the required current density and polarisation
at each well casing
Commentary: The maximum distance between well sites protected by a common system should not normally exceed 2km

Where a common cathodic protection system is acceptable each well casing shall have a dedicated
negative cable
All buried metallic structures associated with the well casing shall be integrated with the cathodic
protection system
Commentary: The requirements for electrical isolation between the well casing and the pip line/flow line are addressed in Section
2.6

4.3.3 Contractor shall evaluate whether coating of the casing is economically justified based on the design
life, depth of casing, the design of the cathodic protection system and extent and quality of cementing.
Commentary: Coating will generally be more economic at remote well sites where provision of power and regular inspection is
difficult, long design life or critical production wells, or in aggressive soils

4.3.4 Monitoring of well casings shall be in accordance with the design codes, with sufficient test stations
installed to demonstrate that each well casing is fully protected at the surface. Contractor shall define
the limitations on accuracy associated with this requirement and incorporate in its corrosion
management guidelines (as required by BGA-ENG-MATL-TS-001)
Commentary: Company recognises that potential measurements at the surface may not be representative of the whole depth of
well casing therefore an understanding of the inherent limitations on the accuracy is required in developing the
corrosion management strategy. Where feasible, appropriate surveys will be performed during well work-over
operations

4.4 Land Based Pipelines

4.4.1 Contractor shall ensure that the cathodic protection system provides uniform current distribution, and
the required structure-to-electrolyte potential is met, over the entire surface area of the pipe line
including, but not limited to, the following:
The recommendations in the design codes shall be mandatory unless otherwise agreed with
Company
The design prevents over-polarisation of high strength carbon steels or CRAs and does not
exacerbate the likelihood of galvanic corrosion between dissimilar metals.
4.4.2 Pipe lines shall normally be protected by an impressed current system. Sacrificial anode systems may
be proposed for the following situations:
Buried sections of above ground pipe lines e.g. road, camel crossings
Electrically isolated pipe line sleeves or casings
If no power for an impressed current system is available
Localised hot-spot protection to supplement the impressed current system e.g. at pipe line
terminations adjacent to plant facilities to compensate for current drain to underground metallic
structures
Short sections of pipe line where installation of an impressed current system cannot be
economically justified.
4.4.3 All surfaces shall be protected with a high integrity coating system, qualified for resistance to cathodic
disbanding at the maximum operating temperature.

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4.4.4 Where it Is not feasible to transport suitable backfill materials or these are not readily available locally,
Contractor shall assess the impact on the effectiveness of the cathodic protection system of applying
alternative or additional coating systems to protect the pipe line in rocky terrain.
4.4.5 Where the use of CRAs is proposed the requirements in paragraph 2.8.4 shall be met to minimise the
likelihood of HISC.
4.4.6 Monitoring of the pipe line shall be in accordance with the design codes, with sufficient test stations
installed to demonstrate that it is fully protected along its entire length. As a minimum, test stations
shall be installed at each marker post and at other features such as paved road, casing or other
crossing, isolating joints, drain points. Contractor, in conjunction with Company, shall identify certain
representative test stations to act as key performance indicators for the whole pipe line system.
4.5 In-plant Buried Piping, Vessels and Structures
4.5.1 Where specified, Contractor shall ensure that the cathodic protection system provides uniform current
distribution, and the required structure-to-electrolyte potential is met, for all structures under protection
including, but not limited to, the following:
The recommendations in the design codes shall be mandatory unless otherwise agreed with
Company
The design prevents over-polarisation of high strength carbon steels or CRAs and does not
exacerbate the likelihood of galvanic corrosion between dissimilar metals.
4.5.2 All surfaces shall be protected with a high integrity coating system, qualified for resistance to cathodic
disbonding at the maximum operating temperature.
4.5.3 All buried metallic components in RTR or thermoplastic systems, such as valves, hydrant risers shall be
cathodically protected.
4.5.4 The earth potential rise method may be proposed where the facilities layout includes extensive
quantities of metallic structures that do not require protection (e.g. copper ground beds, reinforcing
steel in concrete) or electrical shielding precludes the use of remote anode beds. In this case the size
and shape of the anodes, their spacing and location relative to the structure under protection and the
local soil conditions to define the native earth potential shall be determined by Contractor and agreed
with Company.
4.5.5 Monitoring of the system shall be in accordance with the design codes with sufficient test stations
installed to demonstrate that all protected structures are fully protected.
4.6 Above Ground Storage Tank Base Plates
4.6.1 Where specified, Contractor shall ensure that the cathodic protection system provides uniform current
distribution, and the required structure-to-electrolyte potential is met, over the entire surface area of the
soil-side of the tank base plates including, but not limited to, the following:
The recommendations in design codes shall be mandatory unless otherwise agreed with Company
Installation of a flexible, impermeable (dielectric) membrane for under-tank leak detection and sub-
grade protection as required by API 650
An impressed current MMO/Ti gird system or continuous, polymeric ribbon distributed anode
system placed between the membrane and tank base plates, sized and spaced to ensure uniform
current distribution, and structure-to-soil potential
Commentary: If alternative under-tank leak detection systems are proposed due to local regulations or operating practices (e.g.
clay) these shall maintain a resistance low enough to permit cathodic protection current from remote anodes to reach
the tank base plates

For small tanks (below approximately 10m diameter) , a galvanic anode system using conventional
pre-packaged anodes or a continuous galvanic anode may be proposed as an acceptable
alternative to an impressed current system, subject to an economic analysis to justify the most cost-
effective, as-installed system
4.6.2 The base plates shall be protected by a coating system on the soil-side to reduce current demand with
an allowance of 10% of the base plate area considered to have no external coating to allow for coating

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damage during base plate installation and welding. The operating temperature of the tank shall
determine the appropriate current density to be used
4.6.3 Tank foundation fill should be either clean, dry sand or sand and cement mixture with low levels of
chlorides and sulphates
4.6.4 The impact of draw-off sumps below the level of the tank base on current demand and anode
layout/spacing shall be addressed in the cathodic protection design
4.6.5 Connections between the cables and the central conductor bar shall be factory made, tested and epoxy
encapsulated for water tightness. No field joints/splices shall be permitted below the base plates.
4.6.6 Monitoring of the system shall be in accordance with the design codes and the following:
A sufficient number of slotted, non-metallic tubes (50mm diameter) shall be installed through
access points in the ring wall and positioned across the diameter of the tank foundation to
demonstrate that the entire surface area of the base plates are fully protected
The slotted tube material shall be suitable for the normal operational temperature of the tank and
each tube shall be wrapped with a low weight, water permeable textile to prevent sand entering the
pipe during compaction
Additional access point shall be provided in the ring wall to permit installation of temporary portable
reference electrodes beneath the tank periphery
Permanent reference electrodes should be copper/copper sulphate with an additional zinc
reference electrode for back-up and calibration purposes
Commentary: The slotted pipes and access tubes required above will be installed during the ring wall construction and their layout
shall ensure they do not clash or interfere with other structures, pipes etc. and that adequate access is provided for
insertion/pulling of the reference electrodes during monitoring activities

4.7 Process Vessels, Storage Tanks and Piping Internal Surfaces

4.7.1 Where specified, Contractor shall ensure that the cathodic protection system provides uniform current
distribution, and the required structure-to-electrolyte potential is met, over the entire surface area of the
soil-side of the tank base plates including, but not limited to, the following:
The recommendations in the design codes shall be mandatory unless otherwise agreed with
Company
The design prevents over-polarisation of high strength carbon steels and does not exacerbate the
likelihood of galvanic corrosion between dissimilar metals
A sacrificial anode system using aluminium, magnesium or zinc anodes is preferred unless the
operating temperature, process environment of contamination of the environment precludes their
use
Commentary: Mercury activated aluminium anodes or zinc anodes shall not be used for potable water applications. Zinc anode
consumption rates for use above 50C shall be certified by the manufacturer for the maximum expected operating
temperature

Where a sacrificial anode system is precluded, an impressed current system using MMO,
polymeric, platinum or HSCI anodes.
Commentary: Only inert anodes shall be used where product contamination could occur

4.7.2 The number and location of anodes shall be assessed based on the accessibility of components,
configuration of the internals and whether shielding can occur, the weight requirement to achieve the
design life and the current requirement (i.e. the current demand necessary to achieve and maintain
protection). Contractor shall submit detailed calculations and drawings to substantiate the final design.
Commentary: The placement of anodes shall ensure there is no (or minimal) disruption to the fluid flow

4.7.3 Monitoring of the system shall be in accordance with the design codes and the following:
A sufficient number of permanent reference electrodes shall be installed through access holes in
the tank roof, spaced equidistant between anode strings, to demonstrate that the relevant surface
area of the tank is fully protected

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A sufficient number of permanent reference electrodes shall be installed through a nozzle or branch
connection in the vessel or piping to demonstrate that the relevant surface area of the vessel or
pipe is fully protected.
Commentary: Where a nozzle or branch connection is used to mount a reference electrode, the blind flange to which the electrode
is attached shall be electrically isolated from the main vessel or pipe wall by means of an insulating gasket set

5.0 INSTALLATION, COMMISSIONING AND MONITORING

5.1 Installation
5.1.1 Contractor shall ensure that the installation of the cathodic protection system is undertaken in
accordance with the recommendations of the design codes under the supervision of the Contractor and
the party responsible for the system design (if applicable).
5.1.2 Contractor shall develop specific procedures to control the installation activities including, but not
limited to:
Verify resistivity of environment where anodes are to be installed is in accordance with design
assumptions
Commentary: Where any differences are noted that may require modification to the design Contractor shall notify Company and
undertake all necessary remedial action to ensure the design is acceptable for the actual environmental conditions

Inspection of all components prior to and after installation to ensure no damage has occurred
during transport, storage or installation
Location, depth and orientation of anodes, including use of correct back fill materials and venting
(where applicable), is in accordance with the design
Coating removal and re-instatement at anode or cable connections
Commentary: A minimum of coating should be removed and the area re-instated by an approved system with an equivalent life as
the main coating system

Location, protection and routing of cables, rectifiers etc. is in accordance with the design
Anodes, ground beds, cables, rectifiers etc. are individually identified to permit correct connection
and future maintenance and warning signs/markers are installed
Attachment of anodes or cables to structures and pipe lines including use of qualified
welding/joining procedures and welders/operators
Commentary: This will include all acceptable methods of joining anodes or cables to the structure e.g. fusion welding, pin brazing,
adhesive bonding. Thermite welding should not be used on CRA materials or high strength ferritic steels

Location of monitoring test points is in accordance with the design

Adequate access is provided for future maintenance/retrofit activities
Activation and monitoring of any temporary cathodic protection systems.
5.2 Commissioning
5.2.1 Contractor shall ensure that the commissioning of cathodic protection systems is undertaken in
accordance with the recommendations of the design codes under the supervision of the Contractor and
the party responsible for the system design (if applicable).
5.2.2 Contractor shall develop specific procedures to control the pre-commissioning and commissioning
activities including, but not limited to:
Verify electrical continuity of system
Verify anode ground bed resistance

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For impressed current systems:

o Verify rectifier output in accordance with manufacturers recommendations
o Verify all temporary cathodic protection systems, bonds to foreign structures or earthing systems
are disconnected
o Verify and record individual anode outputs and native electrolyte-to-structure potentials prior to
energising system and polarised potentials 24-48 hours after energising at key monitoring points
on structure to confirm full polarisation of the complete structure is achieved. Where multiple
structures are protected by one system the potential at each structure shall be measured
Commentary: Full polarisation may take several days but shall be achieved no later than 30 days after the start of commissioning
o Verify and record electrolyte-to-structure ON-OFF potentials (as applicable) after steady
polarisation potentials achieved
o Verify and record electrical isolation of system and effectiveness of electrical interference
mitigation measures
For sacrificial anode systems:
o Verify and record native electrolyte-to-structure potential and the open circuit potential of the
sacrificial anode prior to connection
o Verify and record the electrolyte-to-structure potential and current at each anode 24-48 hours
after connection to confirm full polarisation of the complete structure is achieved
o Verify and record electrical isolation of system
5.2.3 Commissioning of the cathodic protection system for storage tank base plates shall only be performed
once a sufficient content level is present in the tank to ensure intimate contact between the base plates
and the foundation.
5.2.4 Where full potential cannot be achieved during commissioning, Contractor shall notify Company and
undertake all necessary remedial action to ensure full protection is achieved.
5.3 Monitoring
5.3.1 In addition to measuring electrolyte-to-structure potentials as part of the commissioning activities,
Contractor shall specify all necessary monitoring activities required to ensure the cathodic protection
system is functioning correctly and will deliver full protection across all structures under protection for
the specified design life including but not limited to:
Extent, type and frequency of functional checks of equipment outputs, cable connections, battery
charge, calibration of instruments etc monitoring
Frequency of electrolyte-to-structure potential measurements, particularly during the initial period
after commissioning
Recommendations for regular surveys of the structures under protection e.g. CIPS, DCVG,
Pearson
5.3.2 Contractor shall include the results of all environmental surveys and monitoring activities undertaken
during the design, installation and commissioning of the cathodic protection system within the corrosion
management database required by BGA-ENG-MATL-TS-001.

6.0 QUALITY CONTROL

6.1 General
6.1.1 Contractor shall ensure that suitable quality assurance systems are in place to ensure that all activities
that affect the performance and quality of the cathodic protection system are adequately controlled
including but not limited to:
Validation of the design, including review of any third party design
Review of purchase orders/sub-contract requisitions to ensure correct specification of materials and
services

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Inspection of materials and their certification to ensure requirement of the design codes, Company
standards and project specifications and have been met
Witness of material testing, installation and commissioning activities etc.
Development of inspection and test plans detailing all the principal stages of design, manufacture,
inspection and testing, installation and commissioning.
6.1.2 The detailed design, installation and commissioning of the cathodic protection system shall be
undertaken by, or under the supervision of, an experienced cathodic protection specialist, certified in
accordance with an internationally recognised scheme (e.g. NACE International). Evidence of the
specialists current certification shall be submitted for Company review.
Commentary: Original wet copy certificates attesting to personnel certification shall be made available for review by Company -
photocopies of certificates are not acceptable as proof of personal certification

6.1.3 Company reserves the right to inspect all phases of fabrication and testing to verify that
Contractor/Purchaser/Vendor procedures and systems are working effectively and that the
requirements of Company standards and project specifications are being met.
Commentary: This inspection shall not be used as a substitute for adequate Contractor/Purchaser/Vendor supervision and inspection

6.2 Documentation
6.2.1 Contractor shall develop all necessary documentation to ensure that the requirements of the design
code, Company standards and Basis of Design are met during all stages of design, manufacture,
installation and commissioning including but not limited to:
Detailed specifications for the design, materials, installation and commissioning
Detailed drawings of the system indicating each cathodic protection item and associated cables and
junction boxes, cable routing, existing cathodic protection systems that may affect the new system
Detailed calculations to support the design
Installation and commissioning procedures
Records of all surveys, material inspections
Personnel certification
Material certification
Maintenance and operating manuals.
6.2.2 All relevant documentation shall be included in the equipment data books or piping isometric test packs

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7.0 FEEDBACK

Where inaccuracies, errors, omissions or other general areas for quality or performance improvement are
identified in this document the Feedback Form, provided in Appendix B shall be completed and returned to
the Group Technical Authority (Document Custodian) identified in the Document Information Sheet.

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APPENDIX A - LIST OF REFERENCED / ASSOCIATED DOCUMENTS

BG Standards

BGA-ENG-MATL-TS-001 Material Selection & Corrosion Control

BGA-ENG-SYS-OS-001 Management of Change
BGA-ENG-SYS-OS-002 Dispensation from Mandatory Requirements

International Standards Organisation (ISO)

ISO 13623 Petroleum and Natural Gas Industries Cathodic Protection of

Pipeline Transportation Systems
ISO 15156 Petroleum and Natural Gas Industries - Materials for use in H2S-
Containing Environments in Oil and Gas Production
ISO 15589-1 Petroleum and Natural Gas Industries Cathodic Protection of
Pipeline Transportation Systems Part 1 On-land Pipelines
ISO 15589-2 Petroleum and Natural Gas Industries Cathodic Protection of
Pipeline Transportation Systems Part 2 Offshore Pipelines
ISO 9001 Quality Management Systems - Requirements

NACE International

MR0175 Petroleum and Natural Gas Industries - Materials for use in H2S-
Containing Environments in Oil and Gas Production
RP0169 Control of External Corrosion on Underground or Submerged
metallic Piping Systems
RP0176 Corrosion Control of Steel Fixed Offshore Structures Associated with
Petroleum Production
RP0177 Mitigation of Alternating Current and Lightning Effects on Metallic
Structures and Corrosion
RP0186 Application of Cathodic Protection for External Surfaces of Steel
Well Casings
RP0193 External Cathodic Protection of On-Grade Carbon Steel Storage
Tank Bottoms
RP0196 Galvanic Anode Cathodic Protection of Internal Submerged
Surfaces of Steel Water Storage
RP0285 Corrosion Control of Underground Storage Tank Systems by
Cathodic Protection
RP0286 Electrical Isolation of Cathodically Protected Pipelines
RP0290 Impressed Current Cathodic Protection of Reinforcing Steel in
Atmospherically Exposed Concrete
RP0388 Impressed Current Cathodic Protection of Internal Submerged
Surfaces of Carbon Steel Water Tanks
RP0575 Internal Cathodic Protection Systems in Oil-Treating Vessels

American Petroleum Institute (API)

RP 651 dic Protection of Above Ground Storage Tanks

Std 650 Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage

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European Norms (EN)

EN 12474 Cathodic Protection of Submarine Pipelines

EN 12495 Cathodic Protection of Fixed Steel offshore Structures
EN 12954 Cathodic Protection of Buried or Immersed Structures General
Principles and Application for Pipelines
EN 13174 Cathodic Protection for Harbour Installations
EN 14161 Petroleum and Natural Gas Industries Cathodic Protection of
Pipeline Transportation Systems

Det Norske Veritas (DNV)

RP-B401 Cathodic Protection Design

RP-F103 Cathodic Protection of Submarine Pipelines by Galvanic Anodes

Norsok

M-WA-01 Design Guideline to Avoid Hydrogen Induced Stress Cracking in

Sub-sea Duplex Stainless Steels

Engineering Equipment Manufacturers & Users Association (EEMUA)

Publication 190 Guide for the Design, Construction and Use of Mounded Horizontal
Cylindrical Steel Vessels for Pressurised Storage of LPG at Ambient
Temperatures
Publication 194 Guidelines for Materials Selection and Corrosion Control for Subsea
Oil and Gas Production Equipment

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APPENDIX B - FEEDBACK FORM

FEEDBACK FORM

This form should be used to notify comment or suggestions for improvement, relating to any aspect of the document
identified below. Please return the completed form by Email, to the Technical Authority identified in the associated
Document Information Sheet.

Document title: Document No: BGA-ENG-MATL-TS-003

TAS Engineering Technical Standard Cathodic Protection

Issue No: 02

Issue Date:
02/04/08

Comments by: Date:

Name: .. Email address / Contact Tel.No:

Position: .. Project / Business Unit: ..

Page/Section No: Comment

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