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NAME ___________________________________ LAB TIME/DATE _______________________

REVIEW SHEET
exercise
Cell Transport Mechanisms
and Permeability

Choose all answers that apply to questions 1 and 2, and place their letters on the response blanks to the right.
1
1. Differential permeability:

a. is also called selective permeability

b. refers to the ability of the plasma membrane to select what passes through it
c. implies that all substances pass through membranes without hindrance
d. keeps wastes inside the cell and nutrients outside the cell

2. Passive transport includes:

a. osmosis b. simple diffusion c. bulk-phase endocytosis d. pinocytosis e. facilitated diffusion

3. The following refer to the dialysis simulation.

Did the 20 MWCO membrane exclude any solute(s)?

Which solute(s) passed through the 100 MWCO membrane?

Which solute exhibited the highest diffusion rate through the 100 MWCO membrane?

Explain why this is so.

4. The following refer to the facilitated diffusion simulation.

Are substances able to travel against their concentration gradient?

Name two ways to increase the rate of glucose transport.

Did NaCl affect glucose transport?

Does NaCl require a transport protein for diffusion?

5. The following refer to the osmosis simulation.

Does osmosis require energy?

Is water excluded by any of the dialysis membranes?

Is osmotic pressure generated if solutes freely diffuse?

Explain how solute concentration affects osmotic pressure.

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6. The following refer to the filtration simulation.

What does the simulated filtration membrane represent in a living organism?

What characteristic of a solute determines whether or not it passes through a filtration membrane?

Would filtration occur if we equalized the pressure on both sides of a filtration membrane?

7. The following questions refer to the active transport simulation.

Does the presence of glucose carrier proteins affect Na
transport?

Can Na
be transported against its concentration gradient?

Are Na
and K
transported in the same direction?

The ratio of Na
to K
transport is Na
transported out of the cell for every K
transported into the cell.

8. What single characteristic of the differentially permeable membranes used in the simple diffusion and filtration experiments

determines which substances pass through them?

In addition to this characteristic, what other factors influence the passage of substances through living membranes?

9. Assume the left beaker contains 4 mM NaCl, 9 mM glucose, and 10 mM albumin. The right beaker contains 10 mM NaCl,
10 mM glucose, and 40 mM albumin. Furthermore, the dialysis membrane is permeable to all substances except albumin.
State whether the substance will move (a) to the right beaker, (b) to the left beaker, or (c) not move.

Glucose Albumin Water 6 NaCl

10. Assume you are conducting the experiment illustrated below. Both hydrochloric acid (HCl; molecular weight of about 36.5)
and ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH; molecular weight of 35) are volatile and easily enter the gaseous state. When they meet,
the following reaction will occur:
HCl
NH4OH H2O
NH4Cl
Ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) will be deposited on the glass tubing as a smoky precipitate where the two gases meet. Pre-
dict which gas will diffuse more quickly, and indicate to which end of the tube the smoky precipitate will be closer.

a. The faster diffusing gas is .

b. The precipitate forms closer to the end.

Rubber stopper Cotton wad with HCl Cotton wad with NH4OH

Support

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11. When food is pickled for human consumption, as much water as possible is removed from the food. What method is used to

achieve this dehydrating effect?

12. What determines whether a transport process is active or passive?

13. Characterize passive and active transport as fully as possible by choosing all the phrases that apply and inserting their letters
on the answer blanks.

Passive transport: Active transport:

a. accounts for the movement of fats and respiratory gases through the plasma membrane
b. explains solute pumping, bulk-phase endocytosis, and pinocytosis
c. includes osmosis, simple diffusion, and filtration
d. may occur against concentration and/or electrical gradients
e. uses hydrostatic pressure or molecular energy as the driving force
f. moves ions, amino acids, and some sugars across the plasma membrane

14. Define the following terms.

diffusion:

osmosis:

simple diffusion:

filtration:

active transport:

bulk-phase endocytosis:

pinocytosis:

facilitated diffusion:

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