19 Concrete Form Work

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Unit 68
Heavy Concrete Construction
Formwork
Plywood Forms Foundation and
Basement Forms Patented Ties and
Waler Systems Pilaster, Column, and
Beam Forms Floor and Roof Forms
Formwork Construction Stairway Forms
Prefabricated Panel Forming Systems
Unit68HeavyConcreteConstruction
Formwork
An advantage of
plywood in form
construction is that
it can be bent
when a curved
surface is required.
Formwork
A release agent is
sprayed on panels to
be used for concrete
forms to facilitate form
removal. Follow
manufacturer
instructions for the safe
use and application of
form-release agents.
Formwork
Outside form walls are

erected and rebar is
placed prior to
constructing inside
form walls.
Formwork
Wood braces are

equipped with
turnbuckles at their
lower ends to allow
wall panels to be
aligned. Turnbuckles
are fastened to the
ground with steel
stakes. A brace plate is
used to attach a brace
to a waler or stiffback.
Formwork
Allsteel wall braces

may be used to support
wall forms. Braces
should be properly
positioned to provide
adequate support.
Formwork
Metal window frames

are secured to outside
form walls as the
walls are erected. The
frames remain in
place after the form
walls are removed.
Formwork
Door and window

bucks use similar
construction
techniques. Door
bucks do not
require a bottom
piece with an
inspection pocket.
Formwork
Rebar is placed after

the outside form walls
are set and before
the inside form walls
are erected.
Formwork
Bulkheads may be
required in long walls.
Bulkheads are made
of 1 8s or 2 4s
which are notched
around the rebar.
Formwork
Form walls are

doubled up after the
rebar, door and
window frames, and
utilities have been
properly located.
Formwork
Snap ties are used to

secure and properly space
opposing form walls.
Formwork
Internal disconnecting
ties are commonly used
on heavy walls.
Formwork
Heavy construction
panel forming
methods commonly
use 2 4 studs,
which are reinforced
by walers. Note the
snap tie wedges
along the walers.
Formwork
Studs are not

required for some
singlewaler
systems supported
by strongbacks.
Formwork
Pilasters provide
additional strength to a
wall and support the
ends of beams. After
the wall forms are
positioned, walers and
studs will be placed.
Formwork
When assembling
and placing wood
column forms, tight
joints and strong
tie supports
around the form
are necessary. A
cleanout hole is
provided at the
bottom of one of
the sides.
Formwork
Scissor clamps are

tightened and held in
place by cam devices
or wedges driven into
slots in the clamp.
Formwork
Tubular fiber forms for

round columns have
been set in place and
braced. Rebar will be
set inside the tubes,
and then concrete will
be placed.
Formwork
Column spring forms are stripped by removing the

flange bolts and pulling apart the flanges.
Formwork
A structural frame for

a concrete building
may include columns,
beams, and girders.
Formwork
Columns, girders,
and beams may be
formed as a single
(monolithic) unit.
Note that the beam
and girder join over
the column.
Formwork
Concrete is placed at
the same time for the
walls, columns,
beams, and girders of
a monolithic unit.
Formwork
This concrete floor system features a slab resting on

concrete joists that tie into girders.
Formwork
A flatslab floor may

be supported by
drop panels over
the columns.
Formwork
A flatslab floor
may be supported
by drop panels
and capitals over
the columns.
Formwork
Long pans used for

oneway joist systems
rest on 2 thick soffits
supported by shores
and stringers.
Formwork
Fiberglass dome
forms are in place for
a two-way joist
system. Here, the
worker is applying
compressed air
between the concrete
slab and dome forms
to loosen them.
Formwork
Tubular shores and metal beams are commonly used

with heavy construction formwork.
Formwork
Metal scaffold shoring

is used to support high
form soffits.
Formwork
Engineered wood
products, such as
laminated veneer
lumber (LVL) beams
and wood I-joists,
provide proper support
for form soffits.
Formwork
Slab decks may be

supported by wood
shores and stringers.
Wedges placed under
the shores or screw
jacks attached to the
shores provide for
vertical adjustment.
Formwork
Rebar is placed over

the deck of the floor
form. Note the opening
for the beam extending
the length of the deck.
Formwork
When constructing
firstfloor heavy
construction forms
over foundation
footings, wall forms
are first placed,
followed by column,
beam, and deck
formwork. Note
reinforcing steel is
not shown.
Formwork
Rebar for columns

usually extends past
the floor and beams
that are supported by
the columns. Rebar
extending from this
column will be tied to
additional steel
placed inside the
form for the column
of the floor above.
Formwork
An outside wall panel is fastened

to a previously placed floor using
anchor bolts which are
embedded in the floor slab.
Formwork
Rebar extending from

the floor level above
and below is tied to
rebar in the stairway.
Formwork
A closed concrete stairway is built between two walls.

Formwork
Prefabricated gang
forms commonly include
walers, strongbacks,
lifting brackets, and
scaffold brackets. Note
the toprails, midrails,
and toeboards in place
to protect workers
against falls and prevent
materials from falling
from the platforms.
Formwork
The support for a flying

floor form unit is
provided by aluminum
trusses placed on either
side and aluminum
beams placed across
the trusses. A plywood
deck is fastened on top
of the beams. Adjustable
jacks are used to raise
the unit into position.
Formwork
Flying forms used for floors or other structural

members are set into place by crane.
Formwork
Slip forms are

commonly used in the
construction of tall
buildings. Concrete is
transported to the
upper level of the
building and is placed
in forms using a
pumping apparatus.
Formwork
The basic design of

a standard slip form
includes jackrods,
hydraulic jacks,
cross beams, and
yoke legs.
Additional features,
such as scaffold,
are custom made
for the structure
being erected.

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PowerPointPresentation

Outside form walls are

Wood braces are

Allsteel wall braces

Metal window frames

Door and window

Rebar is placed after

Form walls are

Snap ties are used to

Studs are not

Scissor clamps are

Tubular fiber forms for

Column spring forms are stripped by removing the

A structural frame for

This concrete floor system features a slab resting on

A flatslab floor may

Long pans used for

Tubular shores and metal beams are commonly used

Metal scaffold shoring

Slab decks may be

Rebar is placed over

Rebar for columns

An outside wall panel is fastened

Rebar extending from

A closed concrete stairway is built between two walls.

The support for a flying

Flying forms used for floors or other structural

Slip forms are

The basic design of

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