conn /as sysdba;

-------------------
DDL
DML
DRL
TCL
DCL
--------------------
DCL:
------
DATA CONTROL LANGUAGE
-----------------------
GRANT
REVOKE
CREATE USER USER_NAME IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD;
----------------------
GRANT CONNECT,RESOURCE TO IBM;
REVOKE CONNECT,RESOURCE FROM IBM;
-----------------------
DDL:
------
DATA DEFINITON LANGUAGE:
--------------------------
CREATE---
DROP
ALTER
RENAME
TRUNCATE
------------
CREATE TABLE ONE (EMPNO NUMBER(10),ENAME VARCHAR2(10),SAL NUMBER(10));
NUMBER(10)
CHAR
VARCHAR
VARCHAR2
10
RENAME OLD_TABLE TO NEW_TABLE;
---------------------------------
TABLE LEVEL--- CREATE ,DROP,RENAME,TRUNCATE
COLUMN LEVEL- ALTER
ADD
DROP
MODIFY
RENAME
EMPNO,ENAME
----------
DML- DATA MANIPULATION LANGUAGE
---------------------------------
INSERT
DELETE
UPDATE
----------------
INSERT INTO ONE VALUES(101,'A',1000);
ENAME,EMPNO,SAL
INSERT INTO ONE (ENAME,EMPNO,SALARY) VALUES('B',102,2000)
UPDATE
--------------------------------
TCL-- TRANSACTION CONTROL LANGUAGE
-------------------------------------
DRL----
SELECT
GROUP BY
ORDER BY
--------------------------
RDBMS:---------
CONSTRAINTS
JOINS
SUB QUERIES
INDEXES
SEQUENCE
SYNONYM
VIEW
FUNCTIONS
OPERATORS
-------------------
CONSTRIANTS:
-------------------
DOMAIN INTEGRITY CONSTRAINTS
----------------------------
NOT NULL
CHECK
ENTITY INTEGRITY CONSTRAINTS
-----------------------------
UNIQUE
PRIMARY KEY
REFERENTIAL INTEGRITY CONSTRAINTS
----------------------------------
FOREIGN KEY
NOT NULL CAN BE CREATED ONLY AT COLUMN LEVEL
TABLE LEVEL
WITH NAME
WITHOUT NAME
COLUMN LEVEL
WITH NAME
WITHOUT NAME
ALTER LEVEL
WITH NAME
WITHOUT NAME
----------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE FOUR (EMPNO NUMNER(10) NOT NULL,ENAME VARCHAR2(10));---- WITHOUT NA
ME
CREATE TABLE FOUR (EMPNO NUMNER(10) CONSTRAINT FOUR_EMPNO_NN NOT NULL,ENAME VARC
HAR2(10));WITH NAME
ALTER TABLE FOUR DROP CONSTRAINT CONSTRAINT_NAME;
------------------------------------------------------------
UNIQUE:
------------
COLUMN LEVEL:
-----------------
CREATE TABLE FIVE (EMPNO NUMBER(10) UNIQUE,ENAME VARCHAR2(10));
CREATE TABLE FIVE (EMPNO NUMBER(10) CONSTRAINT FIVE_EMPNO_UN UNIQUE,ENAME VARCHA
R2(10));
TABLE LEVEL:
-------------
CREATE TABLE FIVE(EMPNO NUMBER(10),ENAME VARCHAR2(10),UNIQUE(EMPNO));
CREATE TABLE FIVE1(EMPNO NUMBER(10),ENAME VARCHAR2(10),CONSTRAINT FIVE_EMPNO_UN
UNIQUE(EMPNO));
ALTER LEVEL:
-------------
ALTER TABLE FIVE ADD UNIQIE(EMPNO);
ALTER TABLE FIVE ADD CONSTRAINT FIVE_EMPNO_UN UNIQUE(EMPNO);
-------------------------------------------------------------------
CHECK:
---------
CREATE TABLE SIX (EMPNO NUMBER(10),ENAME VARCHAR2(10),SAL NUMBER(10) CONSTRAINT
SIX_SAL_CH CHECK(SAL<=20000));
SPOOL C:\ONE\ONE.TXT;
SPOOL OFF;
---------------------------------------------------------
PRIMARY KEY
----------------
UNIQUE AND NOT NULL

COLUMN LEVEL
----------------
CREATE TABLE SEVEN (EMPNO NUMNER(10) PRIMARY KEY,ENAME VARCHAR2(10));

CREATE TABLE SEVEN (EMPNO NUMNER(10) CONSTRAINT SEVEN_EMPNO_PK PRIMARY KEY,ENAME

VARCHAR2(10));

CREATE TABLE SEVEN (EMPNO NUMNER(10),ENAME VARCHAR2(10),

CONSTRAINT SEVEN_EMPNO_PK PRIMARY KEY(EMPNO));
-------------------------------------------------------------------
FOREIGN KEY
---------------
COLUMN LEVEL:
---------------
DEPT1
CREATE TABLE DEPT1 (DEPTNO NUMBER(10) CONSTRAINT DEPT1_DEPTNO_PK PRIMARY KEY,DNA
ME VARCHAR2(10),
LOC VARCHAR2(10));

EMP1
CREATE TABLE EMP1 (EMPNO NUMBER(10),ENAME VARCHAR2(10),SAL NUMBER(10),
DEPTNO NUMBER(10) CONSTRAINT EMP1_DEPTNO_FK REFERENCES DEPT1(DEPTNO) ON DELETE C
ASCADE);

CREATE TABLE EMP1 (EMPNO NUMBER(10),ENAME VARCHAR2(10),SAL NUMBER(10),

DEPTNO NUMBER(10),CONSTRAINT EMP1_DEPTNO_FK FOREIGN KEY(DEPTNO) REFERENCES DEPT1
(DEPTNO));

ALTER TABLE EMP1 ADD CONSTRAINT EMP1_DEPTNO_FK FOREIGN KEY(DEPTNO) REFERENCES DE

PT1(DEPTNO);

EMP--- 2---10
DEPT--1---10
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
SUM
MIN
MAX
AVG
COUNT