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In ideal environments, most common construction materials are very durable and can
last indefinitely. However, design or construction deficiencies or lack of proper
maintenance can result in less-than-ideal conditions under which construction materials
will degrade. Degradation can take many forms, including chemical reactions,
consumption by living organisms, and erosion or mechanical wear.
Traditional building materials steel, concrete, and wood usually deteriorate and
fail via well-known mechanisms. Even innovative materials that appear on construction
sites can degrade, either by these well-understood mechanisms or through exotic,
sometimes surprising, reactions and processes.
The supplies is used for buildings and furnitures during working construction are:
Plastics
Plastics have been used in furniture since it was proven that these materials are
strong, lightweight, versatile in design, reduce costs and can be decorated in all patterns
and varieties of color.
Thermal and light stabilizers can play a key role in keeping the aesthetic appeal
of furniture as well as preventing degradation during manufacture.The term "plastics"
covers a range of synthetic or semi-
synthetic organic condensation or polymerization products that can be molded or
extruded into objects, films, or fibers. Their name is derived from the fact that in their
semi-liquid state they are malleable, or have the property of plasticity. Plastics vary
immensely in heat tolerance, hardness, and resiliency. Combined with this adaptability,
the general uniformity of composition and lightness of plastics ensures their use in
almost all industrial applications today.
Metals
Steel
Steel is a metal alloy whose major component is iron, and is the usual choice for
metal structural building materials. It is strong, flexible, and if refined well
and/or treated lasts a long time.
Copper
Other metals used include chrome, gold, silver, and titanium. Titanium can be used
for structural purposes, but it is much more expensive than steel. Chrome, gold,
and silver are used as decoration, because these materials are expensive and lack
structural qualities such as tensile strength or hardness.
Concrete
Glass
Glass is generally made from mixtures of sand and silicates, in a very hot fire stove
called a kiln, and is very brittle. Additives are often included the mixture used to produce
glass with shades of colors or various characteristics. The use of glass in architectural
buildings has become very popular in the modern culture.
Roofing Membranes
Plastic roofing membranes are widely used for waterproofing systems in domestic
and industrial flat roof markets. Plastic Roofing Membranes should contain a process
stabilizer to protect the membrane during extrusion or calendering, and a UV stabilizer
and a thermal stabilizer to protect the membrane from heat and light degradation during
the product lifetime. UV stabilizers that provide the most protection are combinations of low
molecular weight and high molecular weight HALS.
Sealants are required to seal and adhere to the appropriate mating surfaces over a wide
range of temperatures, environmental stress and joint movement conditions. To ensure that the
physical properties of sealants are maintained, it is necessary to prevent or retard the
degradation of the sealant.
WPC
Wood plastics composites as wood replacements form a relatively new industry that is
quickly expanding. A wood plastic composite refers to the use of certain wood fibers or flour
together with PVC, PE or PP that is extruded into shape using conventional plastics processing
equipment.