Electric Current

1. One coulomb of electrical charge is contributed by how many electrons?

0.625x1019 (Electrical charge of one electron is - 1.6 10 - 19
coulomb, hence one coulomb implies 1/|-1.610 - 19| or 0.625
1019 number of electrons.)
2. 5 1016 electrons pass across the section of a conductor in 1 minute and
20 seconds. The current is flowing 0.1 (The charge of an electron is -
1.6 10-19 coulomb. Therefore total negative charge passes
across the section of a conductor in 1 minute and 20 seconds is 5
1016 1.6 10-19 = 8 10 - 3. Therefore, charge passes across
the section in one second, is 8 10 - 3 coulomb / 80 second = 10 - 4
coulomb/second (or Amp) = 0.1 mA.)
3. A current of 6 A is same as 6 Coulomb/second.
4. Ampere - second is the unit of Charge.
5. The current in a circuit follows the relation I = 100sint. If frequency is 25
Hz, how long will it take for the current to rise to 50 A? 3.33 ms

6. The equation of a current is given by I = I msin2t. The frequency of the

current in Hz is /.
Hint: The general equation of a current wave is,

Where, f is the frequency of the current wave. Here, the given equation is

Comparing, (1) and (2) we get, 2t = 2ft or, = f or, f = .

7. The equation of alternating current is I = 42.4sin628t. Then the average
value of current is 27. (The relation between average value and
peak value of a sinusoidal waveform is given by

Here, Im = 42.4 A. Therefore, I0 = 0.636 42.4 = 26.97 A.

8. If 1 A current is flowing through a series circuit having 100 resistors of
each having resistance of 1 . What will be the current in the circuit
 where, these 100 resistors are connected in parallel? 10000A (Let , the
applied voltage across the circuit be V.
Now when these 100 resistors of each 1
will be connected in parallel, the equivalent resistance of
combined circuit will be 1 / 100 = 0.01 ohm Now, the current will
be = V / R = 100 / 0.01 = 100 100 = 104 A.)
9. In the figure shown, what will be the current passing through 2 resistors
?
Hint: According to current division law, required current,

10. A copper conductor of one square millimeter can safely carry an

current of 10A. (It is rating of copper conductor. For 1 sq mm safe
current is 10 A. In case of 1.5 sq mm the safe current is 15 A.)
11. For carrying an current of 75 A an aluminium conductor should have a
minimum cross-section of 25mm2. (The current carrying capacity of
aluminium conductor is near about 3 A / mm2.)
12. A copper wire of length l and diameter d has potential difference V
applied across its two ends. The drift velocity is V d. If the diameter of the
wire is made d / 2, then the drift velocity becomes Vd. (The drift
velocity is a basic property of conductor material and hence it
does not depend upon the length or diameter of the conductor.)
13. Mass of a proton is how many times greater than mass of an electron?
1840
14. On which factors does the severity of electric shock depends ?
pathway through the body, on the type of supply AC/DC and on
magnitude of voltage.
15. Five coulomb of electrical charge is contributed by how many
electrons? (Electrical charge of one electron is - 1.6 10 - 19, hence
five coulomb implies 5 / | - 1.6 10 - 19 | or 3.125 1019 numbers
of electrons.)
16. The transient current in a series AC circuit is given by

Find the initial current ? Answer: 1A

17. Alternating current is found most suitable for resistance welding.
18. The rms value of a half wave rectified symmetrical square wave
current of 2 A is given by 1.41. (Hint:
19. How many coulombs of charge flows through a circuit carrying 5 A in 5
min? 1500 (The current means the rate of charge transfer per
second. That means current I = Q / t. Here, I = 5 A, and t = 5
minutes = 5 60 = 300 sec. Therefore, total charge flows during
5 minutes are 5 300 = 1500 coulomb.)
20. The flow of current in solids is due to Electrons.
21. Ampere second could be the unit of Charge.
22. The drift velocity of electrons is the drift velocity of electrons is very
small as compare to the speed of light.
23. The charge on an electron is known to be 1.6 10 -19 coulomb. In a
circuit the current flowing is 1 A. How many electrons will be flowing
through the circuit in a second? (We know that the number of
electrons in one coulomb is the ratio of one coulomb to the
charge on one electron.

Thus, the number of electrons in a second is equals to 0.625 10 19.)

24. In gases the flow of current is due to electrons, positive ions and
negative ions only.
25. A current of 5 A is same as 5 A/sec.
26. An instrument which detects current is known as Galvanometer.
27. Current flows in a circuit when a switch is closed.
28. Eight-tenths coulomb passes a point in 4 s. The current in amperes is
0.2A.
Hint: the given terms are, Q = 8 / 10 Coulomb and T = 4 Sec. We
know that current I is given by,
29. An ammeter is an electrical instrument used to measure Current.
30. The rate of flow an electric charge is known as Current.
31. The minimum requirement for causing flow of current is the voltage
source and conductor.
32. 50mA current is considered dangerous to the human body.
33. The ratio of voltage and electrical current in a closed circuit remains
constant.
34. Current velocity through the copper conductor is nearly 3x108 m/sec
35. A galvanometer with low resistance in series is an ammeter.
(Basically, galvanometers are ammeters only. In electrical
circuits, ammeters are connected in series. If the resistance is
very low, then it could allow more current to the load without as
much as power loss in that resistance).
36. When current passes through a metallic conductor, it temperature
rises. This is due to Collision between conduction electrons and
atoms.
37. If a parallel circuit is opened in the main line, the current is zero in
the highest resistive branch.
38. A conductor of length L has carrying current I passing through it, when
it is placed parallel to strong magnetic field. The force experienced by the
conductor will be Zero. (The force can be found with the given
expression F = I L B sin and is the angle between I and
B. When that current carrying conductor is placed parallel to the
magnetic field, then the angle between current and magnetic
field is zero. So, sin = sin0 = 0. Hence, the force experienced by
the conductor is zero.)
39. In the left hand rule, forefinger always represents Magnetic field.
(Thumb finger represents the direction of force, Fore finger
represents the direction of magnetic field, middle finger
represents the direction of current.)
40. A wire carrying current is bent in the form of a circular loop. Then the
magnetic field around each portion of the wire will be parallel to the
plane of the wire.
41. Cork Screw rule is used to find Direction of current. (The direction
in which the head of the cork screw rotates that would give the
direction of the magnetic field or magnetic force of lines. The
shape of this magnetic field is circular and the direction of
magnetic field is clock-wise.)

42.