Air Intake System

Combustion Air Requirement

Diesel engines require approximately 0.09 cubic meter/minute (3.2 cfm) of air
per brake horsepower for combustion.

Combustion Air Inlet Flow rate = 3.2 cfm xbrake hp of engine

For brake hp:

Brake hp = BMEP (L)(A)(N)(Nc)

Where: BMEP = 2280 KPa

L = 220 mm

D = 175 mm

Nc = 16

N = 1500 rpm

0.175 m

1500 rpm
Brake HP = 2280 KPa (0.220 m)[ ]
( ) (16)
2 2 x 60

1 hp
= 2412.98 KW
( )
0.746 KW

= 3234.56 hp

Combustion Air Inlet Flow rate = 3.2 cfm (3234.56)

Combustion Air Inlet Flow rate = 10350.58 cfm

For Duct Head Loss:

LxSx Q 2 3.6 x 106

P ( KPa )=
D5

Where:

D = 15 in = 0.381m=381 mm

Q = 10350.58 cfm = 293.32 m3/min

S = density air (kg/m3)

L = length of pipe (m)

For S:

352.5
S(kg/m3) = air temp+273 deg C

352.5
= 38 deg C +273 deg C

S = 1.133 kg/m3

For L: (7.6 m straight pipe, 2 x 45 deg elbow, Standard elbow pipe)

D
Standard Elbow L =33x( X

D
45 deg Elbow L = 15x X

Where X= 1000mm

D D
L = [15x X ]2 + 33x( X
+ 7600mm

381 mmD 381 mm

L = [15x 1000 mm ]2 + 33x( 1000
+ 7600mm
 L = 7624.003mm or 7.624m

m3
293.32
min


P(Kpa) = 2(3.6)(106)
kg
( )
( 7.624 m ) 1.133 3
m

P = 0.333 KPa

Note: Total inlet duct head loss is generally less than 0.50 kPa column to maximize
time between air filter replacements.

(APPLICATION AND INSTALLATION GUIDE FOR AIR INTAKE SYSTEMS OF

CATTERPILLAR ENGINE)

Exhaust System

(for every unit)

For equivalent length: (standard elbow, Long elbow, Flexible connection x 3)

D
Standard elbow L = 33 X X

D
Long Elbow L = 20 x X

Flexible connection L = 31

Where x=1000mm
 D D
L = (33 X X ) + (20 x X ) + (0.031)3 + straight length

150 mm 150 mm
= (33 X 1000 mm ) + (20 x 1000 mm ) + (0.031)3 + 5 m

L = 13.043 m

Calculating Backpressure from Application and Installation Guide of Exhaust System by

Caterpillar,

L S Q2 3.6 106
P= + PS
D5

Where:
P = Back Pressure in Kpa
L = Total Equivalent Length of pipe in meters = 13.043 m
Q = Exhaust Gas Flow = 725.6 m3/min
D = Inside Diameter of pipe in mm = 150mm
Ps = Pressure Drop of Silencer in kPa = 4kpa ( 1.181 inHg )
S = Density of gas in kg/m3

For S:

352.5
S=
gas temp .+273

Where : gas temp = 477.7 C

352.5
S=
477.7 C +273

= 0.4697 kg/m3

L S Q2 3.6 106
P= 5
+ PS
D

13.043 0.4697 725.62 3.6 106

= 5
+4
150
 P = 5.446 kPa

Since total piping system backpressure (5.446 kPa) < Maximum allowable back pressure (6.7
kPa), pressure drop is acceptable.

Use Schedule 40 black iron pipe for the exhaust piping system.

(APPLICATION AND INSTALLATION GUIDE FOR EXHAUST SYSTEMS OF

CATTERPILLAR ENGINE)

Ventilation System

Room Ventilation

For Ventilating Air:

H
V =( D C pT + Combustion Air ) x F

Where:

H = engine Radiant heat = 161 kW

D = density of air @ air temp 38 deg C = 1.099 kg/ cu.m

Cp = 0.017 Kw min/kg deg C = specific heat of air

T = not to exceed 49 deg C

F = routing factor = 1 ( ventilation type 1 )

Combustion air = 269 cu.m/min

161 kW
kg Kw . min
V=(
( )(
1.099 3 0.017
m Kg .C )( 49C) + 269 m3/min ) x 1

= 444.867 m3/min (3.28)3

V = 15698.2674 cfm

Using 8 unit of ventilation fan

 V = 15698.2674cfm/8

V = 1962.28 cfm

For Fan type:

2000 cfm Axial Fan Type

Size (mm) = 510mm x 510mm x 250mm