CENTROID AND AREA MOMENTS OF INERTIA

1) Define the terms Centroid and Centre of Gravity with examples.

A) Centroid is the point at which the total area of a plane figure is assumed to be concentrated.

It is represented by G

Centre of gravity of a body is the point through which the whole weight of the body acts and it is
represented by C.G.

The centre of gravity and centroid lie at the same point for most of the static conditions.

2) Define moment of inertia with an example.

A) The second moment of area, also known as moment of inertiaof plane area, area moment of
inertia, or second area moment, is a geometrical property of an area which reflects how its points are
distributed with regard to an arbitrary axis. It is obtained by the product of the area and square of the
perpendicular distance between the considered axis and the centroid of the area.

3) Define polar moment of inertia with an example.

A) IZZ is called polar moment of inertia.

IZZ =IXX+IYY.
Polar moment of inertia is a measure of a circular beam's ability to resist torsion. It is required
to calculate the twist of an beam subjected to a torque. It is analogous to the area moment of
inertia, which characterizes a beam's ability to resist bending and is required to calculate
displacement.

4) State parallel axis theorm.

A)It states that if the moment of inertia of a plane area about an axis passing through centroid be
represented by IG ,then moment of inertia of the same area about a parallel axis about a
parallel axis AB which is at a distance from the centroidal axis is given by

IAB =IG+Ah2
Where h= perpendicular distance between centroidal axis and axes AB

A= Area of the section

5) State perpendicular axis theorm.

A) It states that if IXX and IYY is the moment of inertia of a plane area about 2 mutually
perpendicular axis XX and YY , then moment of inertia of same plane area about ZZ
Axis which is perpendicular and passing through intersection XX and YY is given by

IZZ=IXX +IYY

6) State the Pappus-Guldinus theorms.

A) THEORM-1:

The area of the surface generated by revolving a curve (line) about a non-intersecting axis is
equal to the product of length of the curve (line) and the distance travelled by the centroid of the
curve (line) during the revolution

THEORM-2:

The volume of the solid generated by rotating a plane area about a non-intersecting axis is equal
to the product of area and the distance travelled by the centroid of the area during rotation.

7) Write the area and centroid formulae for all simple figures
11) State and prove parallel axis theorm or transfer theorm .
A) It states that if the moment of inertia of a plane area about an axis passing through the
centroid be IG , then moment of inertia of the same area about a parallel axis AB which is at
a distance from the centroidal axis is given by

IAB =IG+Ah2
PROOF: Go through the class notes

14) State and prove perpendicular axis theorm.

A) It states that if IXX and IYY is the moment of inertia of a plane area about 2 mutually
perpendicular axis XX and YY , then moment of inertia of same plane area about ZZ Axis
which is perpendicular and passing through intersection XX and YY is given by

IZZ=IXX +IYY
PROOF: Go through the class notes

What is uniform motion?

If the velocity of body does not change with time, then the motion is called as uniform motion.

Write the area MOMENT OF INERTIA for all simple figures