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THE ANALYSIS OF SPEECH ACT USED IN ELYSIUM MOVIE

SCRIPT

Lecturer: Agus Wijayanto, Ph. D

Submitted
As a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
For Pragmatics Course at the English Education of Postgraduate
Program

By
Nokthavivanh Sychandone
S200140054

POSTGRADUATE PROGRAM OF LANGUAGE STUDIES


MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
ACADEMIC YEAR 2015/2016
THE ANALYSIS OF SPEECH ACT USED IN ELYSIUM
MOVIE SCRIPT
Nokthavivanh SYCHANDONE
University of Muhammadiyah Surakarta
ABSTRACT
This study is mainly aimed to describe the speech acts form of the utterance
among the character in Elysium movie script. The writer uses a descriptive
qualitative method to classifying and analyzing the utterance. After investigating
the utterance in this script, the writer found several findings on it. First, the
utterances in this script can be analyzed in speech act types. Speech act itself has
two main form; directness and literalness. Directness is about the syntactical
form and the literalness about the meaning appropriate or not with the utterance.
Writer will focus on assertion, questions and commands types on the movie. The
main reason people study about speech acts is to understanding what people
means when they make utterances and to decrease miss understanding about the
meaning.

Keyword: analysis, speech act, Elysium movie

A. Introduction
Every people communicate by using language and give the meaning and
communication becomes main part of our life. Human uses language as the way
to communicate and language make people become human, it is different
animals. The possession of language distinguishes humans from other animals.
To understand our humanity we must understand the language that makes us
human (Fauziati, 2013:22-23), it means that we should understand the humans
language and we must understand the meaning of speakers utterance. People give
utterance when we start the communication with someone then we have the
objective such as giving ideas, feeling, request, offering and else, all these are
depended on speakers giving meaning then the listeners should understand the
speakers meaning not only the language. The communications that happened
around people must be said clearly so that others understand us. It means that
someone says appropriately and the message accepted by someone who talk with
us. According to Yule (1996: 47) said that both the speakers and listeners require
no only knowledge of the language but also appropriate use of that language
within a given culture.

Common people make communication unstructured. This is not become


problem because the most important of that is their speech can be understood and
accepted by others. It is equally with the argument of Parker (1986:12) that what
people have to do in communication is how they use language to communicate
rather than the way of language is structured internally. Like what Yule (1996:47)
said that in the effort to express and asserting himself, people not only produce
grammatical structure sentences but they also produce or show actions in that
language.

Nowadays, language is used in movie; it has contained the colorful language that
gives the different meaning that is not meaning of the real word. When we watch
movie, we cant get only entertainment but we can learn about the educational,
moral or others value that implied there, or about the acting of the actors or
actress includes of the social relations or the language and the dialogue or
utterance they use, or learn about the literary elements in the movie. Those
studies are the branch of interdisciplinary sciences such as pragmatics,
sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics, and others. Both of those interdisciplinary
sciences can help us understand about the language inside the conversation or
inside the movie story.

In this point, the writer will investigate and discuses through actors utterance
on the movie that used with one of linguistics study, speech act. Austin (1975)
says that an analysis of an utterance that we perform/ produce at every speech
called as speech act. It is an act that a speaker performs at making speech. Speech
act perform when people makes utterance such as an apology, greeting, request,
complaint, invitation, compliment, or refusal. Studying speech act is important to
make us comprehend what message that undiscovered in every utterance. Speech
act also decided by the language ability of speaker to convey the message in
communication. According to Parker (1986:16) speech acts are highly delicate to
the context of the utterances in particular to the relationship between the speaker
and the hearer. We can study this speech act at many fields of studies that concern
about this issue such as pragmatics and sociolinguistics, although in different
point of discussion.
Pragmatics is closely related terms in language study. Pragmatics refers to
meaning construction in specific interactional context, it also cite to the study of
meaning in use or meaning in interaction (Mullany and Peter, 2010: 10). In other
words, at pragmatics we study about the meaning of the context between the
speaker and the hearer and also the meaning of their communication. Pragmatics
studies meaning in relation to speech situation (Leech, 1983: 6). In Yule words,
with pragmatics, people can talk peoples intended meanings, their assumption,
their purposes or goals, and the kinds of action that they are performing when
they are speak (Yule, 1996: 4).
Moreover, the movie is contained sociolinguistics; it more studies about the
implication between the languages itself with the impact to society. Holmes
(1992:1) writes that sociolinguistics learns about the relationship between
language and society. They are interested in explaining why we speak differently
in different social context and the social functions of language and also the social
meaning (Holmes, 1992: 1). Both of pragmatic and sociolinguistic concern on
linguistic meaning as determined in a speech community, which includes the
linguistic act that involved speech act as the basic of linguistic communication.
B. Review literature
1. Pragmatics
People learn language and it would be closely with two branches of
language science, semantics and pragmatics. Both of that sciences concern at
language but in different side. Semantics refers to the construction of meaning
language, while pragmatics refers to meaning construction in specific
interactional context. In other explanation, semantic study of word means and
sentence meaning without any relation to context whereas pragmatics also means
as the study of meaning use or meaning interaction (Mullany and Peter, 2010:
11). Context is the thing that makes semantics and pragmatics different at their
basic.
For example: semantics
(in the classroom student A and B are studying and they are closed friend)
A: My pan is not working
B: (giving new pen to A)
A: thanks
For example: pragmatics
(Dam invites Echo to go out the party but Echo refuses to go)
Dam: how about our party tonight?
Echo: I am washing my clothes.

2. Speech act
Speech act is the show the words by using the meaning when people say
something and acting while their saying and then speech act is an utterance that
serves a function in communication. It real-life interactions, we perform speech
acts when we offer an apology, greeting, request, complaint, invitation,
compliment, refusal and etc. (Fauziati, 2013:58). According to Yule (1996: 47) he
said that speech act is actions performed via utterance Then, Mey (1994: 111)
viewed that speech act are actions happening in the world, that is, they bring
about a change in the existing state of fairs. In addition, Parker (1986: 14) defined
speech act as every utterance of speech act constitutes some sort of fact.
The utterance sentences that people use in our life when they say something
then they will act and show something by using body language in their utterance
such as hand, eyes, head, fingers and etc. In uttering sentences it is also doing
things. To make it distinct, we must clarify in what ways the utterance said to be
performing actions. Austin divided three basic senses in which in saying
something one are doing something, and therefore three kinds of acts that are
simultaneously performed: the locutionary act, illocutionary acts, and
perlocutionary act (Levinson, 1983:236). Addition, Yule (1996: 48) writes on his
book that in every occasion, speech act that produced action by performing some
utterance, consists of three elements indeed. It is appropriate with Austin (1965)
that isolates three basic senses in which in saying something one is doing
something. In this condition, there are three basic kinds of acts perform in their
speech; locution, illocution, and perlocution act.
a. Locution Act: it is the act of saying the literal meaning of the utterances.
Locution is the description about what the speakers said. Peccei (1999:4)
writes in his book that locution is the actual form of words used by the
speakers and the semantic meaning. On the other word in locution act,
speaker produces a meaningful linguistic expression. Same with my
opinion that locution is the speakers utterance. For examples someone
said you cant do that it is a simply act that is performed in saying
something in this case the saying of the speaker. The locution was the
utterances itself, you cant do that (Levinson, 1983:237).
b. Illocution act: Illocution act is characterized what the speaker is doing by
uttering those words: commanding, offering, promising, threatening,
thanking, etc (Peccei, 1999:44). It defines as the underlying force of the
utterance or in the interpretation by the hearer. Then Yule (1996:48) said
that we form an utterance with some kind of function in mind. This means,
in every utterance that we produced it is also another act that performed
inside the utterance. In my assumption illocution act/ force are the
speakers intention toward the utterance he says. The example, you cant
do that it said by someone in appropriate circumstances. It had illocution
force protesting something that may hearer done (Levinson, 1983:237).
c. Perlocation Act: Austin also distinguished the third part of speech act, the
perlocution. It is the consequent effect of the utterance on the hearer
through the uttering of linguistic expression, or the overall aim of the
utterance (Peccei, 1999:44). It may or not may not be what the speaker
wants but it is caused by the locution. For me, perlocution act is the
hearers reaction toward the speakers utterance. In the same example with
utterance you cant do that the perlocutionary effect of the utterance
may to checking the addressees action, or bringing him to his senses, or
simply annoying him (depends on the hearers reaction) (Levinson,
1983:237).
There are some examples for speech act with its component.
It is a hot day
Locution the utterance: it is a hot day
Illocution The meaning: an act of reminding to want someone turns
on the air conditioning. Or an act of requesting someone
to do something is depended on the context.
Perlocution the hearer will turn on the air conditioning if she/he
understands speakers meaning.
Are you putting the kettle on?
Locution the utterance: are you the kettle on? (The question)
Illocution the meaning: an act of reminding to boil the water or an
act offering the friend the hot water. The meaning is based
on the context.
Perlocution the hearer will reply friends question by yes or no. if
hearer understand the meaning of speaker.

3. Types of speech acts


When people communicate each other or they would like to say something that
they will use indirect sentences or direct sentence. Especially, when people
request someone to do something then they always use indirect sentences because
it is polite and formal than direct sentences. There are two dimensions of speech act
found according to Parker (1986:17-20). The dimensions are directness and
literalness.
3.1 the directness (direct and indirect speech act)
a. Direct speech act: This type has direct relationship between a structure
and the function (Yule, 1996:55). A statement that said directly from the
speaker to hearer that usually in the form of imperative sentence is
defined of direct speech act. According to me direct speech act is where
the utterance said appropriate with the function of the sentence such as a
declarative sentences is to informing something. For example an utterance
move out that way! this utterance said by a speaker to hearer to move
from his place. It is clear and appropriate that the speaker gives command
to the hearer.
b. Indirect speech act: As Yule (1996:55) says in his book that indirect
speech act is utterance which has an indirect relationship between a
structure and the function. In other words, this speech act is performed
indirectly through the performance of another speech act. In my
opinion, indirect speech act used utterance that the meaning was
depends upon the context, such as an interrogative sentence used not to
ask but to order some act or something to do. Can you pass the salt?
this word was interrogative but it is no answer for it, just an act that
follows this utterance. Indirect speech acts are generally considered
more polite than direct speech act (Yule, 1996: 56).
3.2 Literalness (Literal and Non literal Speech act)
a. Literal speech act: Some sentence uttered by people belongs to their
meaning that they want, but sometimes their utterance is in appropriate.
It was called literal speech act. The utterance has real meaning with the
saying in my summaries (Parker, 1986:19). In my ideas, literal speech
act has consequent meaning with the utterance itself. This car is the
most expensive car Ive ever saw, this utterance said by someone after
saw his friends new car. It is suitable with the saying, and it has literal
meaning that means the cars was very expensive.
b. Non literal speech act: Non literal is the opposite of literal speech act.
In this non literal the utterance said by speaker was inexactly meaning
of the communication (Parker, 1986:19). In my opinion, it deals with
the meaning of the utterance inappropriate with the fact/ situation. For
example an utterance Im very happy to meet a cat, this word said by
a child who had an allergy with animal fur. He does not mean what is
says, because exactly he does not happy meet a cat that make his
allergy came. So it constitute as a non literal speech act.
C. Methodology
The methodology that writer used in this study was descriptive
qualitative. In this method the writer analyzed the speech acts based on the data,
movie script. Then the writer presented the fact systematically therefore it can be
understood and concluded easily.
1. The process of analysis the data
The writer has done steps to collecting data. These steps were conduct by the
writer with influence on the observation technique (simak technique) of
Sudaryanto (1993:133). The steps as follows:
1. Observing the dialogues on the movie
2. Watching movie and try to understand, to find the indirectness and
literalness.
3. Making some examples dialogues and analysis the meaning of
sentences.

2. Techniques of analysis data


The steps of analysis the data, writer has done step by step below:
a. Identification step, the researcher identified the data which collected
from the dialogues on the movies.
b. The writer defined appropriate and omitted inappropriate utterances
from the data above
c. Described and analyzed the chosen utterances which include types of
speech act from Elysium movie script.
D. Data analysis and discuss about movie on speech act
The data analysis result is taken from the analyzing process through data
concerning the speech act found in the movie script of Elysium film. This point
consists of two main discussions; the first part is about the film identify and synopsis
information in this movie. Then the other one is discussion about the forms of speech
act found in Elysium movie script
1. Film identified and synopsis
a. Film identified
Elysium movie is created the event in the late 21 st century or 2154. This
movie has 01:45:46 minutes. This movie is written and directed by Neill
Blomkamp, produced by Bill Block, Simon Kinberg and Neill Blomkamp. This
movie is created by United States and it is consisted of processional start actors
such as:
1. Matt Damon as Max Da Costa
2. Jodie Foster as Defense Secretary Delacourt
3. Alice Brage as Frey Santiago
4. Sharlto Copley as Agent C.M. Kruger
5. Diego Lune as Julio
6. William Fichtner as John Carlyle
7. Other actors to attend this movie.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elysium_28film29)
b. The synopsis of Elysium
In the late 21st century earth was diseased polluted and vastly overpopulated
then earths wealthiest inhabitants fled the planet to preserve their way of life.
Everyone is called the places Elysium, at Elysium, there is no war, no disease,
luxuriant life, long life, no died because there are many modern technology and
sciences then people still are young not get old. On other hand, earth is the hell of
poor men to live because their lives are not value. Max Da costa grows in earth
and has close friend Frey. He gave the promise with her to pick her up to
Elysium. He works at an assembly line for Armadyne Corp, a company run by
John Carlyle (William Fichtner), who originally designed Elysium, and now
supplies it with weaponry as well as the robots which police Earth. After an
industrial accident at the factory, Max becomes poisoned by a lethal dose of
radiation and is given five days to live. Max seeks Spider (Wagner Moura) to get
him to Elysium, since his only chance for survival is using a Med-Bay
When a caravan of illegal immigrants from Earth attempts to reach Elysium
and its Med-Bays, Elysian Secretary of Defense Delacourt orders to shoot down
the shuttles. From this event, she is interrogated by committee and Elysian
President Patel then she wants to protect her power and be Elysian president, so
bargains with John Carlyle to create a program that can override Elysium's
computer core to give her the Presidency. Carlyle stores the program in his brain
for transport to Elysium and encrypts it with a lethal protection system. Max
meets with Spider but Max must work to get ticket to Elysium then Max chooses
victim like John Carlyle. After that, He reaches out to his childhood friend Frey
whose daughter Matilda has leukemia. Frey begs Max to take Matilda to Elysium
for cured, but Max refuses in order to protect them. Kruger arrives and takes Frey
and Matilda prisoner aboard his ship, while his drones hunt for Max. Delacourt
orders an airspace lockdown over Los Angeles to buy enough time to recover
Carlyle's program.
Max and Spider know that the program can be used to make all Earth residents
Elysian citizens. But they will go to Elysium to set up this program there, so they
go to Elysium to help Frey and set up new program. The journey to help Frey
with her daughter and set up new program is very hard, they fight with robot.
Finally, they can help Fray and her daughter then Spider and his friends will set
up the new program to computer, but unfortunately if they download the flied
from Max and set up program then Max will died. Max decides to die for most
people in the earth can get better lives.
2. Data analysis on the form of speech act
In this part the discussion is about the speech acts forms that found in the
analyzing the script. There are two kinds of analysis; the types of speech acts
a. The type of speech act
1. Direct speech act
This type has direct relationship between a structure and the function (Yule,
1996:55). The statement in this speech acts said directly from the speaker to
hearer. Direct speech acts also have direct illocutionary acts for the utterance. In
direct speech act, the syntactic form of sentence is appropriate with the function
itself. Such as in conventional declarative form used to informing something, an
interrogative used for asking, and an imperative used to give command or request.
In the movie, writer found some dialogues that direct speech act and analysis in
Elysium movie script
The dialogue between Nun, and young Max (00:01:46)
Nun: Max! Come on. Don't keep the Sisters waiting. This is Frey; shes new
here as well
Max: (silent and smile to her).
This dialogue is clear that Nun wants Max to hurry up for walking to meet
sisters (sisters or nuns work in Christies Church) in the room. Nun used ordering
utterance because she thinks that it is late then sisters had waited for long time
then she used the direct speech act to make to walk quickly while Max is walking
so quickly to follow Nun.
The dialogues Max went out to Job and met guys on the way (00:04:29)
Guy: Off to work huh? Gotta' get up early to work that line.
Another guy: Make the world a better place.
Max: (while walking away from them) thats real funny, I have a job.
This dialogue is shown the persuading such as off to work huh? that
the guy said to Max while Max was walking to work. This utterance is
characterized the question. The guy wanted Max to enjoy with his gang. Then
other phrases Make the world a better place this utterance has 2 meaning (1)
you work but it isnt happened, you should enjoy with life (drinking, doing
something that you want) then doing everything that you want to do on the earth,
(2) the guy wants to make the world is the better place more the Elysium, the
meaning is depended on speaker (in fact (in movie), the earth is a worst place to
live). This utterance characterized on pragmatic.
The dialogue in the operating room Max, Sandro and his friends
(00:37:10 minutes)
Max: Is this gonna hurt? (General laughter)
Sandro: Yeah, bitch, it's gonna hurt. It's gonna hurt good. When we're done
with you, you're gonna be a favela ninja. Marianna, hey, brings down the
bone saw. (The rest of the team is passing a roach clip around)
Unknown: Bring the bone saw!
From this dialogue, Max was in the operating room then he was operated
and made his body to be as like as robot, so he felt afraid with operating, then
Sandro made him to feel more fearful with his utterance Its gonna hurt good
means hurt enough then Sandro made utterance command sentence brings down
the bone saw to someone to bring the bone saw to him then other man used
command utterance again.
2. Indirect speech act
George Yule (1996:55) says in his book that indirect speech act is utterance
which has an indirect relationship between a structure and the function. This
speech act is performed indirectly through the performance of another speech act,
and it has an indirect illocutionary acts. Indirect speech act use any syntactic form
to make sentence. Usually it is use declarative form or interrogative form to make
request. There are some examples of indirect speech act found complete with the
analysis.
The dialogue between young Frey and young Max (00:02:05 minutes)
(When Max is looking at a book with pictures of animals)
Frey: Can you read? (Max shakes his head - Frey sits down beside him) It's
a giraffe. They were from Africa.
Max: You can read?
Frey: Yes.
This dialogue that you see that Freys utterance that ask Max about what
thing that he can do or not and she wants to know about his ability because she
see that he looks at the book. Other while, she wants to make friend with Max
because he is so quiet. Then Max replies with direct speech act you can read.
The main point that Max thinks that it is ok that replies her.
The conversation between Max and Spider are at Spiders workplace
(00:30:36 minutes)
Spider: Lets me. May I ask you a question? Do you know many people
come here and say the waste words? if I was you then I must out away now.
Max: I stayed at jail 3 years because of you. Scan Id and send me up there.
This dialogues, Max wanted to ticket up to Elysium, but Spider refused his
requested then Spider gave speech act may I ask you a question? and he
explained more about waste people wanted to up there, but no money, he chased
Max indirect speech act. The speech act utterance people dont say the real words
but give other words that mean the same meaning.
The dialogue Nun and young Max (00:02:50)
Nun: Max. Have you been stealing thing again? (Max nods guitily) It
breaks my heart. Why do you do this? (Max looks up at the sky) so you can
save up? One day buy a ticket up to that place? That place is not for you, or
for me.
Max: but it is not fair, sister. Why cant I go there?
Nun: sometimes in life, we dont understand why they are the way there
are. But I know one thing. I know you are special. You will do something
very important one day. Something you were born for. My little max.
From this dialogue, Nun was so tried with Maxs behavior and Nun ask many
questions, but she have known his answers. Then Max made the one question that
he didnt understand about event in the earth why cant I go there? then Nun
couldnt explain more because sometimes we dont understand our life.
3. Literal speech act
Some sentence that uttered by people belongs to their meaning that they
wants, but sometimes their utterance is in appropriate. Literal speech act has real
meaning suitable with the saying (Parker, 1986:19). These are some of literal
speech act found in the script complete with the analysis.

The dialogues between Nun and young Max (00:22:24 minutes)


Max: They started the fight, Sister. (Max is looking at Elysium) I just want
to live there.
Nun: You see how beautiful it looks to us from here?
Max: Yes.
Nun: Well.. Now look how beautiful we look from there. (She gives him a
hinged pendant with an image of Earth inside) Keep it. This is yours now.
To never forget about where you come from.

This dialogue, Nun and Max (childhood) talked about Elysium and the
earth, Max produced the utterance I just want to live there this meaning is real
with structure, and Nun said the sentence now look how beautiful we look from
there it means that if we were at Elysium and looked at the earth then you will
see the earth like it (picture of earth). Nun said other utterance more to never
forget about where you come from this sentence to teach Max to remember
where human comes from (the earth) and he didnt forget that.

The conversation Defense Secretary Delacourt to other guests in outside


party.(00:12:28 minutes)
Defense: My how youve grown?
Guest: Hey! Madam.
Defense: Are the children here?
Guest: yes, with Dominica
This conversation, Defense greeted everyone in outdoor party, then she said
how you have grown? to the little boy, it means that he had grown up quickly.
Then other are the children here? to guest for finding some children around the
party. Her utterance is clear and listener understands the meaning.

The dialogue between young Frey and young Max (00:02:24)

Frey: There are many robots servants, and they serve you all day. If you
live there, you never get sick, or old.
Max: I'll take us there one day.
Frey: Really?
Max: Yeah, I promise.
Frey: (starts drawing on Max's palm) Frey .. and .. Max .. Forever
This dialogue shows that Frey read the book for Max about Elysium then Max
made the utterance as like as promise with Frey Ill take us there one day and
Frey asked for confirming Really? then he made the promise. Their utterance is
characterized literal speech act that understand the meaning on real words.

4. Non literal speech act


Non literal is the opposite of literal speech act. In this non literal the
utterance said by speaker was inexactly meaning of the communication, what
people mean is not exactly with words that they say (Parker, 1986:19). These are
some examples of non literal speech act found and the analysis use in Elysium
script.
The dialogue between Max and his friend before fighting
(00:41:53 minutes)
Julio: nervous?
Max: No
Julio: No?
Max: Im shitting my pants. Dont die this case.
Julio: yes.
This dialogue is showed that the litter is not main key point to give the
meaning of utterance because meaning is not depended on the language, but it is
belonged to the context when Julio asked Max before fighting with robot then he
replied that Im shitting my pants this utterance is depended on speaker to give
the meaning. Maybe he is already to fight. It is colorful language because
sometimes the meaning is not depended on litter but it is depended on context.
Krugers utterance when he got the message (00:26:25minutes)
Kruger: would you like some beer?
Message is coming: Agent CH Kruger immediate discharge from CCB.
Please repot to HQ for debrief. Repeat immediate discharge
(he shouted to sky and said)
Kruger: Fuck you. Fuck you. Politys mad.
This Krygers utterance is showed that the meaning is not belonged to litter, it
is the colorful language. That time, he was happy with lunch then he got the
message from the Elysium Present then he changed his feeling to be angry then
he said that Funk you. Fuck you. Politys mad if we get the meaning by litter,
then we will misunderstand of speakers meaning. Maybe this utterance means I
hate the political system (government)
This dialogue between Max and Kruger on the fighting.
(01:32:47 minutes)
Kruger: come on, get up, you have power, I know you.
Max: (stood up) ok
Kruger: look a little bit crazy
From this dialogue Kruger and Max were fighting in the building then Kruger
hit Max down on the floor many times then he said look a little bit crazy his
utterance is kind of pragmatics and consists in speech act then it is based on non-
literal speech act. The meaning is not belonged on the litter but it is depended on
speakers meaning. Maybe it will mean that you feel hurt a little bit
E. Summary
After reviewing and explaining some terms relating to speech act types and
categories of illocutionary act in Elysium movie script, the writer comes into
last discussion. In this chapter the writer presents two terms that includes of
conclusion and suggestion.
1. Conclusion
From the analysis about speech act types and categories of illocutionary act
in Air Force One movie script, the writer would like to draw the conclusion as
follows:
1. Based on the analysis the script of Elysium movie, the writer found
many kinds of speech act there. Kinds of speech acts can be separate in
two dimensions, directness (direct-indirect speech act) and literalness
(literal-non literal speech act). Direct speech act has direct illocution
force while indirect speech act has indirect illocution force. Literalness
speech act can be defines that the message of the utterance appropriate
or not with the meaning. Literal speech act has appropriate meaning
with the utterance whereas non literal has meaning that inappropriate
with the utterance. Furthermore, from those kinds of speech acts
(directness and literalness) we could be able to identify another four
kinds of speech act as follows: direct and literal speech act, direct and
non literal speech act, indirect and literal speech act, and indirect and
non literal speech act.
2. Utterances in this script have another intention from the speaker. It is
the meaning of illocution acts. According to Searle, there are five
categories of illocution force/ acts. There are: representative that talk
about the truthfully, directive try to make addressee perform an action,
commisives that commit the speakers to doing something in the future,
expressive the one that expresses speaker feels about the situation, and
declaratives that attempt to change the world.
2. Suggestion
From above then writer hope that reader will understand about the speech
act used the movie because when we watch English movie then we hardly
understand their meaning meanly they always use pragmatics pattern on movie.
Maybe they would increase wonderful utterance of their actors on the movie and
audiences are interesting to follow the movie.
1. For the writer: After, writer watched the movie then I have known that
actors utterance always use direct speech and non-literal a lot, it means
that they use the pragmatic on their utterance, maybe it is made their
conversation and used their language have colorful or interesting when
they communicate. It is easy to understand on litter but it is difficult to
understand the meaning of speaker utterance if there are not the
context. If we want to understand the speakers meaning on the
conversation then we will know the situation, context of event.
2. For the reader: writer hope that reader will understand what the writers
meaning on writing paper. Writer wish that reader wont misunderstand
when people who make the conversation with you. Because writer
hopefully that readers will understand the speakers meaning not only
the litter meaning.
3. For learning process: Writer wish that study speech act may help
learner to reduce misunderstanding of the meaning when they make the
conversation with foreigners and hopes that when they watch English
movie then they understand the actors utterance meaning. Moreover,
learners can use speech act with their process of learning in the class.
BIBLIOGRAPHY

- Austin, J. L. 1962. How To Do Things With World. London: Oxford University


Press

- Fauziati, Endang. 2013. Psycho Linguistics. Surakarta: Muhammadiyah


University Press.
- Holmes, Janet. 1995. An Introduction to Sociolinguistics. New York: Longman

- Leech, Geoffrey N. 1983. Principles of Pragmatics. Longman Group Limited:


United States of America

- Levinson, Stephen C. 1983. Pragmatics. Cambridge University Press. UK

- Mey, Jacob. L. 1994. Pragmatics: an Introduction. London: Basil Blackwell

- Moleong, Lexy J. 2009. Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif. Bandung: Remaja


Rosdakarya

- Mullany, Louise. and Stockwell, Peter. 2010. Introducing English Language.


Routledge: New York

- Parker, Frank. 1986. Linguistics for Non-Linguistics. London: Taylor & Francis
Ltd

- Peccei, Jean Stilwell. 1999. Pragmatics. Routledge: USA & Canada

- Sudaryanto, 1993. Metode dan Aneka Teknik Analisis Bahasa. Duta Wacana
University Press: Yogyakarta

- Yule, George. 1996. Pragmatics. Oxford University Press: New York

- (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elysium_28film29)

- Elysium movie on YouTube and some Elysium movie script on the internet.

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