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(a) 106
(b) 107
(c) 1013
(d) 1019
2. In the Bohr's model of hydrogen atom, the electrons moves around the nucleus in a circular
orbit of a radius 5 1011 metre. It's time period is 1.5 1016 sec. The current associated is
3. A potential difference of V is applied at the ends of a copper wire of length l and diameter
d. On doubling only d, drift velocity
4. A wire has a non-uniform cross-sectional area as shown in figure. A steady current i flows
through it. Which one of the following statement is correct
5. A potential difference V is applied to a copper wire of diameter d and length L. What is the
effect on the electron drift speed of doubling (a) voltage V (b) length L and (c) diameter d ?
6.. Masses of three wires are in the ratio 1 : 3 : 5 and their lengths are in the ratio 5 : 3 : 1. The
ratio of their electrical resistance is
(a) 1 : 3 : 5 (b) 5 : 3 : 1
7. Equal potentials are applied on an iron and copper wire of same length. In order to have
same current flow in the wire, the ratio of their radii must be [Given that specific
resistance of iron = 1.0 107 Wm and that of copper = 1.7 108 Wm]
8. The V-i graph for a conductor at temperature T1 and T2 are as shown in the figure. (T2 T1) is
proportional to
10. Two resistance R1 and R2 provides series to parallel equivalents as then the correct
relationship is
(a)
(b)
(c) (d)
11. What will be the equivalent resistance of circuit shown in figure between points A and D
(a) 10 W (b) 20 W
(c) 30 W (d) 40 W
12. The effective resistance between point P and Q of the electrical circuit shown in the figure
is
(a) (b)
(c) 2r + 4R (d)
13. In the following circuit if key K is pressed then the galvanometer reading becomes half.
The resistance of galvanometer is
(a) 20 W (b) 30 W
(c) 40 W (d) 50 W
14. A torch bulb rated as 4.5 W, 1.5 V is connected as shown in the figure.
The emf of the cell needed to make the bulb glow at full intensity is
15. The wire used in the arrangement shown in fig. has a resistance r ohm per metre. The
(c) (d)
16. The two ends of a uniform conductor are joined to a cell of emf E and some internal
resistance. Starting from the mid point P of the conductor, we move in the direction of current
and return to P. The potential V at every point on the path is plotted against the distance
covered (x). Which of the following best represent the resulting curve?
(a) (b)
(c) (d)
17. In the circuit shown in fig. all wires have equal resistance R (= 5 W). The equivalent
(c) 7 (d) 3
18. Eight resistance each of 4 ohm are connected in the circuit as shown. The equivalent
(a) (b)
(c) (d)
(a) 8 V (b) 10 V
(c) 6 V (d) 16 V
20. The resistance of a carbon filament at 0C is 104 ohm. It is connected in series to an iron
wire. The temperature coefficient of resistivity of carbon and iron are 0.0003 and +0.00052
per C respectively. What must be the resistance of the iron wire so that the combined
resistance does not change with temperature?
21. Two conductors made of same material have lengths L and 2 L, but have equal
resistances. The two are connected in series in a circuit in which current is flowing. Which of
the following is/are correct?
(b) The potential difference across the two conductors is the same.
(c) The electric field in the second conductor is twice that in the first.
(d) The electric field in the first second conductor is twice that in the second.
22. Two cells of unequal emfs E1 and E2 and internal resistance r1 and r2 are joined as shown
(a) The potential difference across both the cells will be equal
(c) The potential difference across one cell will be greater than its emf.
(d)
23. Three ammeters A1, A2 and A3 of resistances R1, R2 and R3 respectively are joined as
shown. When some potential difference is applied across the terminals P and Q, their readings
(a) (b)
(c) (d)
24. Two cells of equal emf and having different internal resistance r1 and r2 (r2 > r1)are
connected in series. If the resistance of connecting wire is R; which of the following
statement is/are correct?
(a) If R = 0, negative terminal of second cell will be at higher potential than its positive
terminal.
(b) At a particular value of R, potential difference across second cell can be equal to zero.
(c) Negative terminal of first cell can never be at higher potential than its positive terminal.
25. A cell drives a current through a circuit : The emf of the cell is equal to the work done in
moving unit charge
(b) from the positive plate to the negative plate of the cell
(d) from any point in the circuit back to the same point.
26. The fig. shows a potenetiometer arrangement. B2 is the driving cell. B1 is the cell whose
emf is to be determined. AB is the potentiometer wire and G is a galvanometer. J is a sliding
contact, which can touch any point on AB. Which of the following are essential conditions for
obtaining balance?
(b) Either the positive terminals of both B1 and B2 or the negative terminals of both B1 and B2
must be joined at A
(d) The resistance of G must be less than the resistance of wire AB.
27. In the potentiometer arrangement shown, the driving cell B1, whose emf is to be
measured, has emf E and internal resistance r. The cell B1, whose emf is to be measured, has
emf E/2 and internal resistance 2 r. The potentiometer wire is 100 cm long. If balance is
29. Three voltmeters, all having different resistances, are joined as shown. When some
potential difference is applied across P and Q, their readings are V1, V2 and V3 respectively.
Then
(a) (b)
(c) (d)
30. A voltmeter and an ammeter are connected in series to an ideal cell of emf E. The
voltmeter reading is V
(c) V < E
31. Three resistance of values 2W, 3W and 6 W can be connected to give an effective
resistance of 4W.
32. The resultant resistance value of n parallel resistances each of r ohm is x. When these n
resistances are connected in series, the resultant value is r n x. True or False Statements
33. S1,S2,S3 are the conductances of three conductors. When they are joined in series, their
equivalent conductance will be (S1+ S2+ S3)?
34. A cell of emf E and internal resistance r if connected in series with an external resistance
n r. Then the ratio of terminal potential difference to
35. Wheatstone bridge is most sensitive, when resistance of all the four arms of the bridge is
same. ASSERTION & REASON TYPE
(a) If both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is not correct explanation of the
Assertion.
36. Assertion: A series combination of cells is used when their internal resistance is much
smaller than the external resistance
Reason: It follows from the relation where the symbols have their standard meaning.
37. Assertion: Though the direction of electric current is well defined, yet it is treated as a
scalar.
38. Assertion: The relation V = IR is valid even in the case of non-ohmic devices.
39. Assertion: When a wire is stretched so that its thickness is halved, its resistance would
become 16 times.
40. Assertion: V-I graphs for a conductor at two different temperatures T1 and T2 are shown in
44. Assertion: In a Metre bridge, length of wire can vary from 1 m to several metres.
45. Assertion: The direction of current inside a cell is from negative to positive terminal.
However, it is reversed during charging of the cell.
46. Assertion: The composition of manganin is Cu 84%, Mn 12% and Ni 4%. The
composition of eureka is Cu 60% Ni 40%.
Reason: Both manganin and eureka are alloys prepared with these specifications.
47. Assertion: X and Yare the diametrically opposite ends of a circular wire of radius 7 in;
having resistance 01 ohm/m. Effective resistance between X and Y is 11 ohm.
Reason: Resistance of each half wire
= 2.2 ohm.
Rp = 1.1 ohm
50. Assertion: The equivalent resistance between the points X and Y in the Fig. 13.240 is 10
ohm.
Solution
1.
2.
3. Drift velocity doesn't depends upon diameter.
6.
7. V = constant., i = constant.
So R = constant
(k = constant)
9. By using
11. The equivalent circuit of above fig between A and D can be drawn as
So
12. The points A, O, B are at same potential. So the figure can be redrawn as follows
13. Galvanometer reading becomes half means current distributes equally between
galvanometer and resistance of 40 W. Hence galvanometer resistance must be 40 W.
14. When bulb glows with full intensity, potential difference across it is 1.5 V. So current
through the bulb and resistance of 1W are 3 A and 1.5 A respectively. So main current from
the cell i = 3 + 1.5 = 4.5 A. By using E = 1.5 + 4.5 2.67 = 13.5 V.
15. Here R1, R2 and R3 are in parallel for points A and B, where
16. In a uniform conductor, when we move in the direction of current, the potential V
decreases linearly. When we pass through the cell, from its negative pole towards positive
pole, the potential V increases by an amount equal to the terminal potential difference of cell,
which is less than the emf of a cell, as some potential drop occurs across the internal
resistance of a cell.
17. The points C and F are symmetrically located w.r.t. points A and B. Hence these points C
and F are at the same potentianl. Hence the resistance of arm CF is ineffective. Similarly the
resistance of arm DE is also ineffective. The equivalent circuit will be as shown.
18. The equivalent circuit will be as shown in fig (a) and (b).
19. Potential difference across 2 W resistance from left side is 10 V. Therefore, potential
difference across 2 W rsistance from right side cell should also be 10 V. This is possible only
if E= 10 V as the current passing through 1 W resistance is zero.
20. Combined resistance will not change if the total resistance of two rods in series with
change in temperature is zero i.e.
21. Since both the conductors are of equal resistance and in series they carry equal current,
hence potential difference across the two conductors is the same. The area of corss-section of
the two conductors of length L and 2 L will be A and 2A, for their same resistances. As
E = V/L
Here, therefore current flows in E2 from the positive plate to the negative plate
inside the cell. It means, there is a charging of cell E2 by cell E1.
23. As A1 and A2 are in series, so current in each of them is same i.e. I1 = I2.
= I 2 R1 + I2 R2 = I 3 R3
V2 = EIr2
If V2 = 0,
On solving, R = r2r1
When R = 0 and cells are series, since r2 > r1 so the negative terminal of second cell will be at
higher potential than its positive terminal and negative terminal of first cell can never be at
higher potential than its positive terminal.
25. The emf of a cell is equal to the work done in moving unit charge once around a closed
circuit starting from any point and back to the same point.
26. The balance point can be obtained on the potentiometer wire (i) if the emf of driving cell
B2 is greater than the emf of driven cell B1. (ii) either the positive terminals of both the cells
of negative terminals of both the cells B1 and B2 must be joined at A.
27. If balance is obtained at length l, and R is the resistance of potentiometer wire of length
100 cm, then
So balancing length is greater than 50 cm. If l is greater than 50 cm, then R > r.
From (2),
29. Pot. diff. across P and Q = Pot. diff. across V1 and V2 = Pot. diff. across V3
i. e. V1 + V2 =V3
It means V1 V2
30. Consider voltmeter and ammeter as resistors connected in series to an ideal cell of emf E.
Here pot. diff. across voltmeter is V and current through circuit is I.
(i) The voltmeter resistence = V/I
(iii) E > V
32. In parallel combination, total resistance, x = r/n or r = xn. In series combination, total
resistance = nr = n (xn) = n2 x.
33. Resistance of these conductors will be R1 = 1/S1, R2 = 1/S2 and R3 = 1/S3. In series
combination, total resitance
Total conductance,
36. Here, Rs =nr. If R << nr, then = current due to one cell.
37. Both the assertion and reason are true and reason is correct explanation of the assertion.
38. For non-ohmic devices, but R is not a constant. Thus ohm's law is not obeyed by
such devices. Reason is true, but not a true explanation of the assertion.
39. Thickness i.e. diameter D is halved. As , therefore, a becomes As = constant,
therefore l becomes 4 times. From R becomes 16 times.
40. For given V; (I) is greater for T1. Therefore is smaller for T1 i.e. R1 < R2.
41. From
42. Apply wheatsone bridge. Both the assertion and reason are true and the latter is correct
explanation of the former.
43. In the balanced wheatsone bridge, B and D are at the same potential. Therefore arm BD is
ineffective.
44. In a metre bridge, length of wire is fixed at one metre. The assertion is not true.
45. In any electrical circuit, current flows from positive to negative-outside the cell. Inside
the cell, it must be from negative to positive (to maintain the continuity).
However, to charge a cell, its positive terminal is connected to positive of the charger and
negative terminal is connected to negative of the charger. Therefore, inside the cell, corrent is
forced to flow from positive to negativel. Reason is true but it is not a correct explanation of
the assertion.
46. Both the assertion and reason are true and reason is correct explanation of the assertion.
Between X and Y, the two halvs are connected in parallel; as shown. Both the assertion and
reason are true and reason is correct explanation of the assertion.
RABC = 10 + 10 = 20 ohm.
RADC = 10 + 10 = 20 W.
Judge Yourself
1. Electric current is due to drift of electrons in
(b) semiconductors
(c) both
2. 10,000 alpha particles per minute are passing through a straight tube of radius r. The
resulting electric current is approximately
3. In the Bohr's model of hydrogen atom the electron moves around the nucleus in a circular
orbit of radius 5 10_11 m with time period 1.5 10_16 sec. The current associated with the
electron motion is
(a) collision of metal atoms with each other releases heat energy
(b) collision of conduction electrons with each other release heat energy
(c) when the coduction electron fall from higher energy level to lower energy level heat
energy is released
(d) collision of conduction electrons with the atoms of metal give them energy which appears
as heat
5. Unit of resistance is
9. The maximum current that flows in the fuse wire, before it blows out, varies with the
radius r as
11. A wire of resistance R is cut into n equal parts. These parts are then connected in parallel.
The equivalent resistance of the combination will be
(c) momentum
13. There is a current of 4.8 ampere in a conductor. The number of electrons that cross any
section normal to the direction of flow per second, is
14. A piece of copper wire is cut into ten equal parts. These parts are connected in parallel.
The joint resistance of the parallel combination will be equal to the original resistance of
uncut wire, mulitplied by a factor of
15. If R1 and R2 are respectively the filament resistances of a 200 watt bulb and a 100 watt
bluld designed to operate on the same voltage
16. A cell of e.m.f. E is connected across a resistance r. The potential difference between the
terminals of the cell is found to be V. The internal resistance of the cell must be
(a) (b)
(c) (d) (E _ V)r
18. A piece of wire of resistance R is cut into n equal parts. These parts are then connected in
parallel. If the equivalent resistance of the parallel combination is R', then (R/R') is
19. Three equal resistors, each equal to R are connected as shown in the adjoining figure;
(a) R (b) 3R
20. In the adjoining network of resistors, each of resistance R ohm, the equivalent resistance
21. Twelve equal resistors, each of resistance R, are connected to form a skeleton cube. Then
the equivalent resistance taken between two diagonally opposite corners is
(a) 3A (b) 13 A
24. There is a current of 1.344 amp in a copper wire whose area of cross-section normal to
the length of the wire is 1 mm2. If the number of free electron per cm3 is 8.4 1022, then the
drift velocity would be
25. In the following figure, the value of resistor to be connected between C and D so that the
resistance of the entire circuit between A and B does not change with the number of
elementary sets used is
(a) R (b)
(c) 3R (d) 26. In the following figure, the resistance of the galvanometer G is 50 ohm.
Of the following alternative in which case are the currents arranged strictly in the order of
decreasing magnitudes with the larger coming earlier.
27. Five resistance have been connected as shown in the figure. The effective resistance
between A and B is
(a) (b)
(c) (d)
28. When a resistance of 2 ohm is connected across the terminals of a cell, the current is 0.5
amp. When the resistance is increased to 5 ohm, the current is 0.25 amp. The e.m.f. of the cell
is
29. Three copper wires have lengths and cross sectional areas as : (l, A), (2l, A/2) and
Resistance is minimum in
30. Two wires of same metal have same length but are joined in series. The resistance of the
thicker wire is . The total resistance of the combination will be
32. The current in the primary circuit of a potentiometer wire is 0.5 A, r for the wire is 4
10_7 W_m and area of cross-section of wire is 8 10_6 m2. The potential gradient in the wire
would be
33. A cell when balanced with potentiometre gave a balance length of 50 cm. Then a 4.5 W
external resistance is introduced in the circuit. Now it is balanced on 45 cm. The internal
resistance of the cell is
(a) 0.25 W (b) 0.5 W (c) 1.0 W (d) 1.5 W
34. There is no current in a 2W resistance; then the equivalent resistance of the given circuit
is
35. In the circuit shown in the following figure, the potential difference between points A and
B will be
36. In the figure shown below the e.m.f. of the cell is 2 V and internal resistance is negligible.
The reading of voltmetre will be
37. In the followign figure, current through 3W resistor is 0.8 amp; then the potential drop
through 4W
resistor is
39. A cell of emf `E' os cpmmected acrpss a resostamce R. The potential difference between
the terminals of the cells is found to be V. the internal resistance of the cell must be:
(a) (b)
(a) A (b) B
(c) C (d) D
41. A 50 V battery is connected across a 10 W resistor. The current is 4.5 ampere. The internal
resistance of the battery is :
42. The internal ressistance of a cell of emf 2 V is 0.1 ohm. It is connected to a resistance of
2.9 ohm. The voltage across the cell will be (in volt):
43. A current of 2.0 A passes through a cell of emf 1.5 V having internal resistance of 0.15 W.
The potential difference across the terminals of the cell in volt is :
44. A bettery of emf 10 V and internal resistance 0.5 ohm is connected across a variable
resistance R. The value of R for which the power delivered in it maximum is given by :
45. Two cells of same emf E but of different internal resistance r1 and r2 are connected in
series with an external resistance R. The potential drop across the first cell is foundto be zero.
The external resistance R is :
(a) A (B) B
47. Resistances of 1, 2 and 3 ohm are connected in the form of a triangle. If a 1.5 volt cell of
negligible internal resistance is connected across the 3 ohm resistance, the current flowing
48. The current through the circuit shown in Fig. is 1 A. If each of the 4 W resistor is replaced
by 2 W ressistor, the current in circuit will become nearly :
49. The current flowing through 3 ohm resistor is 0.8 ampere, the potential drop across the 4
W resistor
50. In the circuit shown in Fig., what will be the reading of the ammeter?
(c) 2.0 ampere (d) 4.5 ampere Answers 1. (b) 2. (b) 3. (d) 4. (c) 5. (c)
11. (c) 12. (c) 13. (c) 14. (b) 15. (d) 16. (b) 17. (c) 18. (c) 19. (a) 20. (c)
21. (d) 22. (b) 23. (a) 24. (c) 25. (a)
26. (b) 27. (b) 28. (b) 29. (c) 30. (c)
31. (b) 32. (d) 33. (c) 34. (a) 35. (b) 36. (a) 37. (b) 38. (a) 39. (c) 40. (b)
41. (c) 42. (c) 43. (d) 44. (d) 45. (b)
46. (a) 47. (b) 48. (a) 49. (c) 50. (b)