Karyll F. Martin Nov.

28, 2016

9-Josette Biyo Mrs. Nolasco

Types of bandaging techniques

In any first aid course, you will learn the different types of bandaging. When an individual is injured and
required bandaging, being familiar with the various ways on applying a bandage can greatly help. In doing
so, proper bandaging can help protect the injury as well as stabilize the affected body part. Take note that
there are different ways to apply gauze or bandage to injuries. The type of bandaging to perform usually
depends on the body part where the injury was sustained.

Figure-eight wrap

The figure-eight wrap is commonly used on joints such as the elbows and knees. Start by creating two
cyclical turns. The next step is to wrap the bandage around the back of the joint and around so that it
forms the figure eight around the joint. You have to continue to wrap the bandage over itself, covering two-
thirds of the previous layer. You have to encircle the end around the top of the joint. Lastly, secure the end
of the bandage using safety pins, tape or fastening.

Spiral turn
The spiral turn bandaging is considered as the most popular method of bandaging. This is typically used on
the upper legs, wrists and upper arms. When applying this type of bandaging, you have to start by creating
two cyclical turns around the body part to be supported. Continue to wrap the bandage over itself and
each turn at a 30-degree angle to the one before and cover two-thirds of it. Complete the bandaging by
either tucking the end of the bandage into the fold, fasten it with a safety pin or metal clip or taping the

end to the wrapping.

Spiral reverse turn

This is considered as a complex method that is utilized in bandaging the calves and lower forearms. You
can start by wrapping the bandage around the affected area two times. Move the bandage up at a 30-
degree angle and place the thumb of your free hand on the upper edge. The next step is to turn the
bandage over so the side on top is now the bottom. Continue to wrap around the affected limb so the folds
in the turns are aligned. Connect the end of the bandage using safety pins, fastenings or tape.

Circular turn

The circular turn is basically a simple wrap around the affected part. All you have to do is to apply one end
of the bandage to the injury site and wrap the bandage around several times with every turn covering the
previous one. The end of the bandage is secured in place using metal fastening, tape or a safety pin. This
type of bandaging provides thick support in a concentrated area of the body.

By being familiar with the different types of bandaging, you can easily provide the appropriate first aid
care especially for strains, sprains and other injuries that require bandaging.

Read more: http://firstaidwinnipeg.ca/types-of-bandaging-techniques/#ixzz4RBNbWJ00

Karyll F. Martin Nov. 28, 2016

9-Josette Biyo Ms. R. Sunga

PROPERTIES OF EQUALITY

Let x, y, and z represent real numbers

Reflexive property: x = x

Example: 2 = 2 or I am equal to myself

Symetric property: If x = y, then y = x

Example: Suppose fish = tuna, then tuna = fish

transitive property: If x = y and y = z, then x = z

Example: Suppose John's height = Mary's height and Mary's height = Peter's height, then John's height =
Peter's height

Addition property: If x = y, then x + z = y + z

Example: Suppose John's height = Mary's height, then John's height + 2 = Mary's height + 2

Or suppose 5 = 5, then 5 + 3 = 5 + 3

Subtraction property: If x = y, then x z = y z

Example: Suppose John's height = Mary's height, then John's height 5 = Mary's height 5

Or suppose 8 = 8, then 8 3 = 8 3

Multiplication property: If x = y, then x z = y z

Example: Suppose Jetser's weight = Darline's weight, then Jetser's weight 4 = Darline's weight 4

Or suppose 10 = 10, then 10 10 = 10 10

Division property: If x = y, then x z = y z

Example: Suppose Jetser's weight = Darline's weight, then Jetser's weight 4 = Darline's weight 4

Or suppose 20 = 20, then 20 10 = 20 10

Substitution property: If x = y, then y can be substituted for x in any expression

Example: x = 2 and x + 5 = 7, then 2 can be substituted in x + 5 = 7 to obtain 2 + 5 = 7

TRIANGLE CONGRUENCE POSTULATES

When triangles are congruent and one triangle is placed on top of the other,
the sides and angles that coincide (are in the same positions) are called corresponding parts.
 When two triangles are congruent, there are 6
facts that are true about the triangles:
the triangles have 3 sets of congruent (of
equal length) sides and
the triangles have 3 sets of congruent (of
equal measure) angles.
NOTE: The corresponding
congruent sides are marked
with small straight line
segments called hash marks.
The corresponding congruent
angles are marked with arcs.

The 6 facts for our congruent triangles example:

Note: The order of the letters in the names of the triangles should display the corresponding
relationships. By doing so, even without a picture, you would know that <A would be congruent to <D,

and would be congruent to , because they are in the same position in each triangle name.

Methods for Proving (Showing) Triangles to be Congruent

If three sides of one triangle are congruent to three sides of

SSS another triangle, the triangles are congruent.
(For this method, the sum of the lengths of any two sides must
be greater than the length of the third side, to guarantee a
triangle exists.)

If two sides and the included angle of one triangle are

SAS congruent to the corresponding parts of another triangle, the
triangles are congruent. (The included angle is the angle
formed by the sides being used.)
 If two angles and the included side of one triangle are
ASA congruent to the corresponding parts of another triangle, the
triangles are congruent. (The included side is the side between
the angles being used. It is the side where the rays of the
angles would overlap.)

If two angles and the non-included side of one triangle are

AAS congruent to the corresponding parts of another triangle, the
triangles are congruent. (The non-included side can be either
of the two sides that are not between the two angles being
used.)

If the hypotenuse and leg of one right triangle are congruent to

HL the corresponding parts of another right triangle, the right
Right triangles are congruent. (Either leg of the right triangle may be
Triangles used as long as the corresponding legs are used.)
Only

PARALLEL LINES AND TRANSVERSALS: EQUAL ANGLES

Introduction: Parallel lines create situations in which some angles formed by intersecting lines
(transversals) are equal. We will outline which angles are equal.

The Lesson:

We use the diagram above where lines l and m are parallel and line t intersecting both l and m is
called a transversal. We identify angles by their positions in this diagram. For example, angles 1
and 2 are both facing in the same direction, to the upper right. Such angles are
called corresponding angles. Similarly we have angles 3 and 6, angles 4 and 7, and angles 8 and 5
as corresponding angles.
Angles 8 and 2 and angles 3 and 7 are on opposite sides of the transversal and between (interior) the
parallel lines. We call these angles alternate interior angles.

Angles 1 and 5 and angles 4 and 6 are on opposite sides of the transversal and above and below
(exterior to) the parallel lines. We call these angles alternate exterior angles.

A direct result of the famous Parallel Postulate is that corresponding angles are equal. Accepting
this fact gives us these relationships

Using these facts, especially the fact that corresponding angles are equal, we can show that other
angles must also be equal.

Since angle 2 is supplementary to angle 6 and angle 1 is supplementary to angle 4, we know that
angles 6 and 4 are equal because they are supplementary to equal angles. These angles 6 and 4
are alternate exterior angles.

Since angle 1 is supplementary to angle 3 and angle 7 is supplementary to angle 2 and angles 1 and
2 are equal, we also know that angles 7 and 3 are equal because they are supplementary to equal
angles. These angles 7 and 3 are alternate interior angles.