The

100 Years War & the

Magna Carta
Kings Unlimited Power

Early medieval period King

had almost unlimited
power.

He could:
Imprison you for no
reason
Tax you as much as he
wanted
Take land away from you
Take goods away from you
King John

King John of England ruled

from 1199-1216

Very unpopular King!

Lost English lands in

France-Normandy
Excommunicated by the
Pope from 1209-1213

Heavily taxed his barons to

pay for his wars.
 Magna Carta

Signed in 1215

Name means Great

Charter

Document that requires

King to honor certain
rights.

Makes laws that men

AND the king must all
follow.
Impact of Magna Carta
Limits Kings power.

Makes laws that all must follow.

Leads to establishment of English

Parliament:.
Lawmaking body that helps
govern England.

By 1600s judges become free

from Kings control.

Magna Carta is basis of

documents like our Bill of Rights.
Checking for Understanding

Why was the Magna Carta so important? Give at least 2

reasons.
The 100 Years War

Fought from 1337-1453

Fought between England

and France

Fought over who got to

rule France.
French King died without
an heir.
Closest male blood
relative is King of England.
But French choose a 1st
cousin Phillip VI and make
him King instead.
100 Years War
English win many battles in
the beginning.
Their long bows destroy the
French cavalry.

However, French have more

men and resources and land.

French eventually start

winning more battles.

Eventually win war, and take

almost all the English land
in France away.
Joan of Arc

A young French peasant girl-

born 1412.

Believed God had chosen her

to lead France to victory over
the British.

Led French army to huge

victory at the battle Orleans.

Eventually captured by
British, tried for witchcraft
and burned at the stake!
Impact of the 100 Years War

Britain France
Lost almost all its land in Gained land from British.
France.
French King very popular with
During war-England's nobles.
Parliaments power grew.
Gains more unlimited power
Further limited power of the as King of France.
British King.
Christianity and the
Middle Ages
Christianity and Medieval Society

Christianity and the church

was a huge part of
Medieval society.

Clergy=church ocials
Inuence culture and
politics
Bishops very powerful
church ocials.
Advise nobles on policy.
Own lots of land.
Christianity and Medieval Society

Religious Order=a group of

people who dedicate their
lives to religion and follow
common rules.
i.e. monks, nuns, friars

Friars=people who belong

to religious orders but lived
and worked among the
general public.
Challenges to Church Authority
People began to question
churchs power and ideas on
religion.

Heresy=religious ideas that

oppose accepted church
teachings.
People who do so called
heretics.

In early 1200s Pope Innocent

III calls for a crusade against
heretics in France. Over
20,000 killed.
Checking for Understanding

How were friars dierent from monks?

Spain in Medieval Times

In early medieval period

Spain ruled by Muslims.

In 1085, Christian begin

attacking Spain.

By 1250, Muslims almost

completely pushed out of
Spain and lower Europe.

Many small kingdoms

unite and become the
kingdom of Spain.
 The Spanish Inquisition
Once Spain was united, the King
and Queen wanted to make sure
everyone in their country was
Christian.
1492, King Ferdinand requires all
subjects to convert to Christianity
or leave.
1478 Spanish Inquisition=an
organization of priests that looked
for and punished anyone in Spain
suspected of secretly practicing
their old religion.
People found guilty often burned
at stake.
Torture devices used in Spanish
Inquisition