August 31, 2009 9:59 World Scientific Book - 9in x 6in SolutionManual

42 Linear Models in Chemical Engineering: Solution Manual

24. As control volume, use a centered annular ring of length dz and thick-
ness dr, Fig. 24.1

Fig. 24.1 Control volume and coordinate system for tubular reactor.

The reactant balance is

  r 2    r 2 
vm 1 2rdrC|z vm 1 2rdrC|z+dz
R R
 
C C
D 2rdr|z D 2rdr|z+dz
z z
 
C C
D 2rdz|r D 2rdz|r+dr
r r

C
= 2rdrdz + kC2rdrdz
t
The top three lines in the balance represent convective transport in the
z-direction, diffusional transport in the z-direction and diffusional transport
in the r-direction. The usual manipulations give

2C
  r 2  C  
D C C
D v m 1 + r = + kC
z 2 R z r r r t
The energy balance is
August 31, 2009 9:59 World Scientific Book - 9in x 6in SolutionManual

43

  r 2    r 2 
vm 1 2rdrCp T |z vm 1 2rdrCp T |z+dz
R R
 
T T
kT 2rdr|z kT 2rdr|z+dz
z z
 
T T
kT 2rdz|r kT 2rdz|r+dr
r r

Cp T
= 2rdrdz + kCH2rdrdz
t
where kT is the thermal conductivity, the density and CP the heat ca-
pacity. Simplifying gives

2T
  r 2   
T kT T T
kT v m 1 Cp + r = Cp + kHC
z 2 R z r r r t
Boundary conditions

C T
r=0 = =0
r r

C T
r=R = 0 , kT = U (T T )
r r