ME 558 Fracture and Fatigue

Considerations in Design

Lecture 1
 Course Description

A comprehensive review of fracture and fatigue

processes in engineering material with emphasis
on mechanics instead of mechanisms of failure.

Design methodology based on fracture

toughness and fatigue crack propagation is
presented. Laboratory test methods and data
interpretations are also presented.

Analytical methods for fatigue life assessment in

metals are also presented.

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 Course Goal

To provide students understanding of the

fundamentals of Fatigue and Fracture mechanics.

Methods of fatigue analysis (stress-life, strain-life,

fracture mechanics) for Metals are to be understood.

Emphasis is placed on the engineering experience

using practical homework problems.

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 ME 558 Fracture and Fatigue
Considerations in Design

Reference Books:
Fracture Mechanics Fundamentals and Applications, 3rd Edition, by
T.L. Anderson, CRC Press
Metal Fatigue Analysis Handbook: Practical problem-solving
techniques for computer-aided engineering, by Yung-Li Lee et al.,
Elsevier
Metal Fatigue in Engineering, 2nd Edition, by R.I. Stephens, A.
Fatemi, R.R. Stephens, H.O. Fuchs, Wiley
Fundamentals of Metal Fatigue Analysis, by J.A. Bannantine, J.J.
Comer, and J.L. Handrock, Prentice Hall
Fatigue Testing and Analysis, Theory and Practice, by Yung-Li Lee
et al., Elsevier

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 Schedule
Class DATE ARTICLES TOPICS NOTES
Introduction, Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics:
1 1/11 Griffith Energy Balance, R Curve
2 1/18 Stress Analysis of Cracks Due HW 1
Fracture
3 1/25 Mechanics Crack Tip Plasticity, Mixed Mode Due HW 2
4 2/1 CTOD, J-Integral, Due HW 3
5 2/8 Exam 1 Due HW 4*
6 2/15 Damage Theory / Cycle Counting
7 2/22 Stress Life Approach 1 Due HW 5
8 3/1 Spring Break
9 3/8 Stress Life Approach 2 Due HW 6
Fatigue
10 3/15 Exam 2 Due HW 7*
11 3/22 Strain Life Approach 1
12 3/29 Strain Life Approach 2 Due HW 8
13 4/5 Notch Effect Due HW 9
14 4/12 Fracture Mechanics Approach Due HW 10
15 4/19 Special Topics: Fatigue Life Prediction of Joint
16 4/26 FINAL EXAM (6:00 9:00 PM)

* Due will be announced later

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 Grading
Homework 5%
Exam 1 35 %
Exam 2 25 %
Final Exam 35 %
A+ 97 and above
A 93 <97
A- 90 <93
B+ 85 <90
B 80 <85
B- 75 <80
C+ 70 <75
C 65 <70
F 0 <65
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 Other Information

Add/Drop: See Schedule of Classes, Winter 2017

Class End: April 19, 2017

Instructor: Hong-Tae Kang, PhD

Office: 1290 HPEC,
Phone: 593-1878,
Email: htkang@umich.edu
FAX: 593-3851

Office Hours: Wendesday: 5:00 - 6:00 PM

Or by Appointment

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 Statement on Academic Integrity

The University of MichiganDearborn values

academic honesty and integrity. Each student
has a responsibility to understand, accept, and
comply with the Universitys standards of
academic conduct as set forth by the Code of
Academic Conduct, as well as policies established
by the schools and colleges. Cheating, collusion,
misconduct, fabrication, and plagiarism are
considered serious offenses. Violations will not
be tolerated and may result in penalties up to
and including expulsion from the University.

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 Fracture Mechanics

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 Chapter 1. History and Overview

1.1 Why Structure Fail

Negligence during design, construction or operation of the structure

Application of a new design or material

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 Chapter 1. History and Overview

1.1 Why Structure Fail

Failure Examples

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 Chapter 1. History and Overview

Liberty Ship
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 Chapter 1. History and Overview

1.2 Fracture Mechanics Research Trend

Griffith (1920)
When the strain energy is sufficient to overcome the surface energy of the
material, fracture occurs.
For brittle solids (Glass)

Westergaard (1938)
Had developed a technique (semi-inverse) for analyzing stresses and
displacements ahead of a sharp crack.

Irwin (1957)

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 Chapter 1. History and Overview

1.2 Fracture Mechanics Research Trend

Wells (1961)
CTOD (Crack Tip Opening Displacement)
The crack faces move apart with plastic deformation.
Its popular in welded structures in UK.

Rice (1968)
Generalized the energy release rate to nonlinear materials by idealizing
plastic deformation as nonlinear elastic.
J-integral

Shih and Hutchinson

Theoretical framework for the relationships among the material toughness,
stress and flaw size.

Current
Microstructural model approach
Time-dependent nonlinear material behavior viscoplasticity

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 Chapter 1. History and Overview

1.3 Fracture Mechanics Approach to Design

Strength of Materials Approach

Fracture Mechanics Approach

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 Chapter 1. History and Overview

1.3 Fracture Mechanics Approach to Design

Fracture Mechanics Approach
Energy Criterion
Stress Intensity Approach
Time-Dependent Crack Growth and Damage Tolerance

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 Chapter 1. History and Overview

Energy Criterion

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 Chapter 1. History and Overview

Stress Intensity Approach

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 Chapter 1. History and Overview

Time-Dependent Crack Growth

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 Chapter 2. LEFM

2.1 An Atomic View of Fracture

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 Chapter 2. LEFM
To estimate the cohesive strength at atomic level by
idealizing the interatomic force-displacement
relationship as one half of the period of a sine wave:

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 Chapter 2. LEFM

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 Chapter 2. LEFM

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 Chapter 2. LEFM

2.2 Stress Concentration Effect of Flaws

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 Chapter 2. LEFM

2.2 Stress Concentration Effect of Flaws

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 Chapter 2. LEFM

2.3 Griffith Energy Balance

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 Chapter 2. LEFM

2.3 Griffith Energy Balance

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 Chapter 2. LEFM

2.3 Griffith Energy Balance

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 Chapter 2. LEFM

2.3.2 Modified Griffith Equation

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 Crack Propagation in Various Materials

Brittle material

Quasi-brittle elastic-
plastic material

Brittle material with crack

meandering and branching

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 Chapter 2. LEFM

2.4 The Energy Release Rate

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 Chapter 2. LEFM

2.4 The Energy Release Rate

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 Chapter 2. LEFM

2.4 The Energy Release Rate

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 Chapter 2. LEFM

2.4 The Energy Release Rate

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 Chapter 2. LEFM

2.4 The Energy Release Rate

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 Chapter 2. LEFM

2.4 The Energy Release Rate

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 Chapter 2. LEFM

Example

Figure

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 Chapter 2. LEFM

Example

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 Chapter 2. LEFM

Example

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