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CHAPTER V

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

PREDISPOSING FACTORS PRECIPITATING FACTORS


Gender Exposure to viral infections
Age Pregnancy
Heredity Diet
Environment

Ionizing radiation
Cellular telephone Glial cells in the brain
Head trauma
Age
Genetics
Illnesses
Injuries Cellular Damage
Diet
Substance abuse

Persistence of Multi-
Apoptosis
bit factors

Point mutation
Chromosomal
translocation
Chromosomal
amplification
Chromosomal
change Signs and Symptoms:
Gene silencing
Headaches, which can be
most severe in the morning
Seizures or convulsions
Invasion Anorexia
Weight loss
Dizziness
Changes in emotional state
Tumor growth Cellular Aberration and behavior
(obstruction) Tinnitus and vertigo
Progression

Signs and symptoms


Increased tumor size
Difficulty thinking, speaking, or
finding words Consumption of
Personality changes nutrients by tumor
Weakness or paralysis in one
part or one side of the body Tumor growth to
Vomiting different areas of the
Loss of balance brain
Vision changes Increased ICP
Nausea or vomiting
Confusion and disorientation Compression of parts
Numbness and tingling of face
and tongue

If treated: If not treated:

Medical-Surgical

Surgery-
craniectomy/craniotomy
Radiotherapy
Chemotherapy
(patient is in this level only)
Poor prognosis

Cerebral ischemia Primary malignant


neoplasm
VEGF-Vascular
Endothelial Growth
Cerebral hypoxia Angiogenesis
Factor

TAF-Tumor
Inflammation Angiogenesis Factor Invasion to lymphatic
and blood vessels
Cerebral edema Arrest in capillary bed
organs

Transport interaction
No room for
with other blood
expansion
elements

Cardiac/respiratory
Adherence of tumor
arrest
cells

DEATH
Metastasis

DEATH

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