Cornell Notes Topic/Objective: Cell membrane Name: Tahara Carpenter-Williams

Class/Period:4th period
Date: jan. 21, 2017
Essential Question:

Questions: Notes:

- The cell theory is a theory in biology that includes one or

What is the cell theory? both statements that the cell is the fundamental structural
and functional unit of living matter and that the organism is
` composed of autonomous cells with its properties being the
sum of those of its cells.
- All known living things are made up of one or more cells.
- All living cells arise from pre-existing cells by division.
- The cell is the fundamental unit of structure and function in
all living organisms.

How does the cell

membrane
correspond with the
cell theory?
- Cells show diverse appearances and sizes, ranging from
some 30 nanometers up to several meters in length. Besides
the classical prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, there are also
very bizarre cells such as the highly reduced symbiotic
mitosomes which lack DNA
- cells at all levels of cellular complexity show an inherent
tendency to form cell-cell channels.
- Cell-cell channels in viruses, bacteria, organelles, eukaryotic
cells. In eukaryotic cells, whole Energides can move from
cell-to-cell via microtubule-based motility.
Summary:
Questions: Notes:
When do we use
- Passive transport is a movement of biochemical and other
passive transport?
atomic or molecular substances across cell membranes
Why is it
without need of energy input.
important? What is
- Passive transport occurs when the chemicals outside a cell
passive transport?
become concentrated and start moving into the cell,
changing the intracellular equilibrium.
- -Active and Passive transport is important for cells because it
controls what enters and exits the cell. The transport of
materials to and from is controlled by the permeable cell
membrane. This means that it will allow spontaneous
passage of some materials, but others must use processes to
get across.

Summary: While active transport requires energy and work, passive transport does not. There are several different
types of this easy movement of molecules. It could be as simple as molecules moving freely such as osmosis or
diffusion. You may also see proteins in the cell membrane that act as channels to help the movement along. And of
course there is an in-between transport process where very small molecules are able to cross a semi-permeable
membrane. Sometimes, proteins are used to help move molecules more quickly. It is a process called facilitated
diffusion. It could be as simple as bringing in a glucose molecule. Since the cell membrane will not allow glucose
to cross by diffusion, helpers are needed. The cell might notice outside fluids rushing by with free glucose
molecules. The membrane proteins then grab one molecule and shift their position to bring the molecule into the
cell. That's an easy situation of passive transport because the glucose is moving from higher to lower
concentration. It's moving down a concentration gradient. If you needed to remove glucose, the cell would require
energy.