Phys195 - Spring 2014 Final Exam Version A

KEY
This final exam contains 30 questions. You will have 2 hours to complete the
exam. Record the answers on both the scantron and the test. Make sure to
put your name, RedId, and test version on the scantron. There is scratch
paper attached to the end of the test, tear this off and recycle it when you
are done. Have your ID ready when you turn in your scantron and test to a
TA at the front.

Name:

1. Take this moment to mark your test version (A, B, C, or D) in the Test Form box of your
scantron AND as the answer to the first question.
A. B. C. D.

2. An airplane is cruising at a constant altitude of 350 meters with a constant velocity of 300
kilometers per hour. If the plane wants to hit an island that lies directly in its path with a
package, how far before reaching the island should the package be dropped?
A. 83.3 meters B. 572 meters C. 704 meters D. 753 meters E. 2.71 kilometers

Solution: The packages velocity will be made up of a horizontal and vertical component.
The horizontal component will stay constant at 300 km
hr
1000m
km
1hr
3600s = 83.3 ms . The vertical
component is subject to acceleration due to gravity from rest over the 350 meter q drop.
We can use the equation d = 2 gt to figure out how long that would take. t = 2d
1 2
g
, If we
put this time into the distance equation, using the horizontal velocityq we can determine
q
the horizontal distance traveled in that time to be x = vx t = vx 2d g
= (83.3) 700
9.8
=
704meters.
The answer is C.
Phys195 - Spring 2014 Final Exam Version A Page 2of 15

~ = 1.00i 2.50j, B
3. A ~ = 3.00i + 1.00j, What are the magnitude and direction of C
~ =
~ ~
2.00A + 2.00B?
A. 5.00 in 36.9o counter clockwise from the positive x axis.

B. 5.00 in 217o counter clockwise from the positive x axis.

~ is the zero vector and has no direction.
C. C

D. 8.06 in 53.1o counter clockwise from the positive x axis.

E. 8.06 in 60.3o counter clockwise from the positive x axis.

Solution: C ~ = 2.00A ~ 3.00B ~

C~ = 2.00(1.00i 2.50j) + 2.00(3.00i + 1.00j)
C~ = 4.00i 3.00j

~ = 42 + 32 = 5.00.
|C|
The direction can be determined using tan1 (3/4) = 36.7o but recall that this angle is
measured from the negative x-axis; if we want to measure from the positive x-axis, then
we must add 180o to it, which results in 217o . The answer is B.
Phys195 - Spring 2014 Final Exam Version A Page 3of 15

4. Three identical marbles roll down the three frictionless slides shown in the figure,
all of which are the same height. How do their velocities compare at the bottom?

A. V1 > V2 > V3

B. V1 = V2 = V3

C. V1 > V2 < V3

D. V1 < V2 < V3

E. V1 < V2 > V3

Solution: The change in potential energy between the top and bottom of each slide is
the same, as they span the same change in height. Thus, in each case, the same amount
of energy is converted into kinetic energy. If all three have the same kinetic energy, they
have the same velocity. The correct answer is B.
Phys195 - Spring 2014 Final Exam Version A Page 4of 15

5. A 100 kg panda is dangling above a pit of fiery destruction by two ropes, as shown in the
figure. What is the tension in Rope 1?

A. 980 N B. 294 N C. 357 N D. 36.4 N E. 327 N

Solution: The force due to gravity is 100(9.8) = 980N which would be distributed
between the two ropes. We know two facts about the distribution.
1) The sum of the vertical components of the tensions in the two ropes has to equal the
weight of the bear.
2) The horizontal components of the tensions in the two ropes have to cancel each other.
These two facts result in the following two equations: T1 cos(50) + T2 cos(18) = 980 and
T1 sin(50) = T2 sin(18).
Now we have two equations and two unknowns, upon which we can do algebra to solve
for T1 .
980
We find T1 = cos(50)+sin(50)cot(18) = 327N . The correct answer is E.

6. A 150 g ball is tied to a string to create a pendulum. The pendulum is displaced from
vertical by 2.3o and then dropped. You observe that it makes 10 oscillations in 9.00 seconds.
Assuming the strings mass and air resistance are both negligible, how long is the string?
A. 3.32 cm B. 40.1 cm C. 6.64 cm D. 0.324 mm E. 20.1 cm

q
L
Solution: T = 2 g
where T = nt . We combine these and do some algebra to receive
 2  2
t 9
L=g 2n
= 9.8 2(10)
= .201m = 20.1cm. The correct choice is .
Phys195 - Spring 2014 Final Exam Version A Page 5of 15

7. A mass oscillates on a horizontal spring with period T = 2.0s. If its amplitude is doubled,
what will the new period be?
A. 4.0 s B. 1.0 s C. 1.4 s D. 2.8 s E. 2.0 s

Solution: The period is not dependent on the amplitude, thus the period stays the
same. The correct choice is E.

8. A 1 kg box is sliding to the right at 4 ms . A 2 kg box is sliding to the left at 2 ms . The surface
is frictionless and when they collide, they stick together. After the collision, what is the
velocity of the two boxes?
A. 1 ms , to the right.
m
B. 2 s
, to the left.
m
C. 1 s
, to the left.
m
D. 0 s
, at rest.
m
E. 2 s
, to the right.

Solution: Both boxes have the same momentum in opposite directions. The correct
choice is D.

9. A car drives around a frictionless banked curve in regular circular motion. In which direction
is the net force on the car?

A. Normal to the roads surface

B. Straight up

C. Straight down

D. Directly away from the center of the circle

E. Towards the center of the circle

Solution: The acceleration that causes uniform circular motion is towards the center.
The correct choice is E.
Phys195 - Spring 2014 Final Exam Version A Page 6of 15

10. Two penguins, Randy and Larry, are on a merry-go-round that is spinning at a constant
rate. Larry is twice as far from the center as Randy. Larrys speed is that of Randys.

A. There is not enough information to answer.

B. twice

C. the same

D. half

E. four times

Solution: v = r which means that doubling r means doubling v. The correct answer
is B.

11. What is the relationship between the moments of inertia about the perpendicular axis
through the midpoint of the rod for the two dumbbells in the figure? The connecting rod is
massless.

A. 4IB = IA B. IB = IA C. IB = 2IA D. IB = 4IA E. 2IB = IA

 2  2  2
mR2
Solution: I = mr2 , therefore IA = m R2 + m R
2
= 2m R
2
= 2
and IB =
m 2
2
R + m2 R2 = mR2 . The correct choice is C.
Phys195 - Spring 2014 Final Exam Version A Page 7of 15

12. Geostationary satellites are situated such that they stay over the same point on the surface
of the earth at all times. At what altitude (h) must these satellites be located? (Assume a
24 hour day)
A. 42200 km B. 2.74 108 km C. 4600 km D. 35800 km E. 84500 km

2
Solution: ag = GM r2
and ac = vr where v = distancetime
== Circumf erence
1 day
2r
= 243600 . We
GM 2
know that, for the satellite to stay in orbit, ag = ac . Therefore r2 = ( 86400 r where, r =
1 11 24 ) 1
h+Rearth . A bit of algebra gives us that h = ( ( GM
2
)2
) 3 Rearth = ( (6.6710( 2)(5.9710
)2
)3
86400 86400
(6.378 106 ) = 35800km. The correct choice is D.

13. There are three ice cubes floating in a glass of water. When the ice is done melting...

A. the water level should be the same.

B. the density of the water in the glass changes dramatically.

C. the water level should be higher.

D. the water level should be lower.

E. There is not enough information to know exactly what will happen.

Solution: The mass of water displaced is the same as the mass of the ice cubes, so when
the ice melts it will have the same volume as the displaced water. The correct answer is
A.
Phys195 - Spring 2014 Final Exam Version A Page 8of 15

14. A Porsche 944 Turbo has a rated engine power of 217 hp. 30% of the power is lost in the
drive train, and 70% reaches the wheels. The total mass of the car and driver is 1520 kg,
and two-thirds of the weight is over the drive wheels. If the Porsche is on a surface where
s = 0.80, what is the maximum acceleration of the car?

A. 2.6 sm2

B. 6.5 sm2

C. 9.8 sm2

D. 7.8 sm2

E. 5.2 sm2

Solution: All the force accelerating the car forward must come from its drive wheels,
and only 2/3 of the mass is over the drive wheels. Thus, the maximum force that the
friction of the wheels can handle without slipping is fmax = s 9.8 23 m. Since a = F/m
we can say amax = fmax /m = s 9.8 32 = 0.8(9.8) 23 = 5.2 sm2 . The correct choice is E.

15. Which of the following forces would result in simple harmonic motion around the position
x = 0?
A. F = kx B. All of the available choices C. F = 12 kx2 D. F = kx E. F = xk

Solution: The restoring force that results in SHM should be a force directly proportional
to the negative of displacement. The correct choice is D.
Phys195 - Spring 2014 Final Exam Version A Page 9of 15

16. Astronauts on the International Space Station are weightless because...

A. The net force on them is zero.

B. g is very small at that altitude, although still not quite zero.

C. They are in free fall.

D. Theres no gravity in outer space.

E. The centrifugal force balances gravity.

Solution: The correct choice is C.

17. The two masses attached to the Atwood machine depicted in the figure are equal. If the
system is not moving and the pulley is massless and frictionless, what is the tension in the
string that connects them?

A. T = 2mg B. mg < T < 2mg C. T < mg D. T = mg E. T = 0N

Solution: If there were any more tension in the string than mg, then the blocks would
be accelerating. The correct answer is D.

18. Fluid is flowing through a circular pipe with velocity v. If the radius of the pipe doubles,
what is the new velocity?
A. 12 v B. 41 v C. 4v D. v E. 2v

A1 r12 12
Solution: v1 A1 = v2 A2 , A = r2 thus v2 = v
A2 1
= v
r22 1
= v
22 1
= 14 v1 .The correct
choice is B.
Phys195 - Spring 2014 Final Exam Version A Page 10of 15

19. A spring-loaded gun shoots a plastic ball with a launch speed of 3.0 m/s. If the spring is
compressed twice as far, the balls launch speed will be A. 9.0 ms . B. 3.0 ms . C. 1.5 ms .
D. 12.0 ms . E. 6.0 ms .

Solution: Conservation of energy, 12 mv 2 = 12 k(x)2 , thus doubling x causes the ve-

locity to double. The correct choice is E.

20. For an object in uniform circular motion, which of the following is true?
A. The object has a constant velocity.

B. The objects acceleration is zero.

C. The objects velocity and acceleration vectors are perpendicular to each

other at every point.

D. The objects speed is increasing.

E. The objects acceleration vector is away from the center.

Solution: Uniform circular motion means that there is a constant acceleration toward
the center of the circle, the velocity would be tangential. The answer is C.

21. Superman is drinking water from the ocean through a vertical straw. Assuming he can create
a perfect vacuum, what is the tallest straw that he could use? (1 atm = 1.01325 105 Pa
kg
and the density of sea water at the surface of the ocean is 1027 m3 .)

A. Infinite B. 5.4 m C. 1.7 m D. 10.1 m E. 5.9 m

Solution: P1 + 12 v12 + gh1 = P2 + 21 v22 + gh2 . Lets say that superman is at point
2 and the surface of the ocean is point 1. v1 will be the same as v2 , so thos terms go
away, P1 is 1 atm (1.01325 105 Pa) while P2 and h1 are both 0. This leaves us with
5
the following equation: P1 = gh2 . Algebra gives us h2 = Pg1 = 1.0132510
10279.8
= 10.1m. The
correct choice is D.
Phys195 - Spring 2014 Final Exam Version A Page 11of 15

22. The figure shows the acceleration graph of a particle that starts at rest at t=0 s.
What is the particles velocity at t=6 s?

A. 33 m/s B. 55 m/s C. 35 m/s D. 10 m/s E. 45 m/s

Solution: a = dv/dt
Graphically, this means that v is the area under the curve up to the t of interest.
V = 0.5 4 15 + 2 10 + 0.5 5 2 = 55m/s.
The answer is B.

23. When an object is floating, the buoyant force on it is equal to...

A. the objects mass.

B. the objects density.

C. none of the available choices.

D. the objects weight.

E. the attractive force between the surface of the water and the object.

Solution: Buoyant force is up, the weight (gravitational force) is down. Lack of accel-
eration means the forces are equal in magnitude. The correct choice is D.
Phys195 - Spring 2014 Final Exam Version A Page 12of 15

24. Two satellites have circular orbits with the same radius. One satellite is more massive than
the other. Which has a higher speed?

A. The less massive one.

B. The more massive one.

C. Depends on the size.

D. They have the same speed.

E. Depends on their positions in their orbits.

Solution: The speed of a satellite in a circular orbit is dependent on its distance, not
its mass, its size, or where it is in its (circular) orbit. The answer is D.

25. A space shuttle with mass m is in a circular orbit at altitude h1 . It needs to reach a circular
orbit at altitude h2 to catch the Hubble Space Telescope for repairs. How much energy is
required to boost it to the new orbit? (let M and R be the mass and radius of the earth,
respectively)
 
GM m 1 1
A. E = 2 h1 +R
h2 +R
 
3GM m 1 1
B. E = 2 h1 +R
h2 +R
 
3GM m 1 1
C. E = 2 h1
h2

3GM m
D. E = 2(h1 h2 )
 
GM m 1 1
E. E = 2 h1
h2

Solution: K = 21 m GM
r
and U = GMr m so total energy in either orbit is E =  GM
2r
m

where r = h + R. So the change in energy would be E = GM2 m h1 1+R h2 1+R . The

answer is A.
Phys195 - Spring 2014 Final Exam Version A Page 13of 15

26. Santa loses his footing and slides down a frictionless, snowy roof that is tilted at an angle
of 20.0o from the horizontal. If Santa starts from rest and slides 5.00m before reaching the
edge, what is his speed as he leaves the roof?
A. 9.60 m/s B. 1.73 m/s C. 5.79 m/s D. 7.07 m/s E. 9.90 m/s

Solution: Santas acceleration is determined to be 9.8sin(30)

1 2
q
2d

Since d = 2 at we can say t = a
since v = at we can say v = 2da =
q
2 5 9.8sin(20) = 5.79m/s.
The answer is C.

27. A 300 kg rigid robot stands in an elevator balancing a 2 kg book on its head. Which of the
following is true about the forces if the elevator is accelerating upward? (Use the following
notation: FF,R = Force of the Floor on the Robot, FR,B = Force of the Robot on the Book,
FB,R = Force of the Book on the Robot, etc.)

A. FR,F < FF,R

B. FR,B > FF,R

C. FB,R = FR,F

D. FR,B = FF,R

E. FF,R > FR,B

Solution: The robot, the book, and the floor all accelerate upward with the same accel-
eration. Since the mass of the robot is bigger than the mass of the book, but they have
the same acceleration, FF,R > FR,B . The correct choice is E.
Phys195 - Spring 2014 Final Exam Version A Page 14of 15

28. A giant panda (mass 160 kg) and a red panda (mass 6.50 kg) are on a hydraulic lift, as
shown in the figure. If they are balanced and both stand on circular pistons, what is the
diameter of the piston that the red panda is standing on?

A. 0.40 m B. 0.081 m C. 0.10 m D. 0.20 m E. 0.81 m

F1 F2 m1 g
Solution: The pressures are equal, therefore A1
= A2
. Which means that 2 =
d1
() 2
m2 g m1 m2
d2 2 . A whole pile of things cancel leaving d21
= d22
which, when we solve for d1 gives
( 2 )
q q
m1 6.50
us d1 = d2 m2
= 2.0 160
= 0.40m. The correct choice is A.

29. What is terminal speed?

A. The speed at which the magnitude of the drag force equals the magni-
tude of the gravitational force.

B. The speed of sound.

C. Any speed which can result in a persons death.

D. The minimum speed an object needs to escape the earths gravity.

E. The speed at which the drag force reaches a minimum.

Solution: The correct choice is A.

Phys195 - Spring 2014 Final Exam Version A Page 15of 15

30. What does the scale read if it is under the center of the massless rod?

A. Not enough information. B. 4000 N C. 1000 N D. 2000 N E. 500 N

Solution: The correct choice is D.