RUDDER CALCULATION

LOA (m) LBP (m)

69.63

B(m)
61

D(m)
15.4

No of Screw
Step 1

5.07

V (Knots)
13

Type

Spade Rudder

RUDDER AREA
For normal supply vessels the range of rudder area is 3-4 % of (L*T)
Taking the rudder area to be 3.5 % of (L*T)

Ar
b

T(m)
6.04

5.26 m2

Using DNV Rule

A = TL/100 [1+25 (B/L) 2]

For normal seagoing ships

Where

A
c

8.02 m2

Average of Above two areas are taken as a Rudder Area

Ar

Step 2

7 m2

RUDDER GEOMETRY
Area = b * c

T = 1.4b+X

3.43 m

1.94 m

Aspect Ratio = Span / Chord

Step 3

RUDDER MAXIMUM ANGLE

max = (5/7)*max

25 deg

Rudder Deflection Rate

min = (24 * V)/L
min

X = 0.05D-.0055D
X
0.26878
b - Span
C - Chord

AR

1.77

Where,

max
b

A - Rudder area (m2)

T - Ships Draught (m)
LBP - Ships Length (m)

5.11 deg/sec

max - Angle of Attack

max - Rudder deflection Angle
max = 33 - 35 for sea-going with conventional rudder

Step 4

RUDDER PROFILE
Taper Ratio is taken as
C = (Ct + Cr)/2

0.5

Taper Ratio = Ct/Cr

Cr

2.58 m

Ct

1.29 m

Sweep back angle is taken to be

7 deg

Step 5

LOCATION OF RUDDER TURNING AXIS

For Tip

(Apporx)

0.122173

BC = b/2 tan 7

BC

0.2105413 m

BD = ct/4

BD

0.3226511 m

AC = EF = C/4

AC = EF

0.4839767 m

AD = AB+BD

AD

0.5960865 m

IJ = b/2 tan7

IJ

0.2105413 m

JL = Cr/4

JL

0.6453023 m

HI = EF = C/4

HI = EF

0.4839767 m

HL = HI+IJ+JL

HL

1.3398203 m

KL = HL-HK

KL

0.7437338 m

For Root

Let's take 25% of Area to be at forward part of the rudder Stock

Ar/4

1.6597705 m2

Step 6

RUDDER CONSTRUCTION

Rudder Stock

ds = 83.3 Kr (FR(V+3)2(AR2XPF2+N2)1/2)1/3
Where,

ds

158.885 mm

Kr - Rudder coefficient
FR - Rudder profile coefficient

0.248

Xpf = (0.12 * Ar)/6

0.133

Step 7

RUDDER BEARING

Depth ZB = 1.25 ds

Zb

198.61 mm

T= 0.2ds

31.78 mm

Clearance = 0.001*ds + 1 but not less than 1.5 mm

Clearance

1.2 mm

Step 8

RUDDER SCANTLING

Plate Thickness
t= K(0.001Yw+0.61)[4-Yw /Xw](1.45+0.1(ds) 1/2)
Where,
1
K
Yw = Vertical spacing between the horizontal web in mm.
Xw = horizontal spacing of the vertical web in mm
ds = the basic stock diameter, mm
Yw
t

600 mm
10.93 mm

Xw

900 mm

step 8

Rudder Construction
1

Rudder Stock

Basic stock diameter ds

ds = 83.3 Kr (FR(V+3)2(AR2XPF2+N2)1/2)1/3
s

where

Kr=Rudder coefficient = 0.248

FR= Rudder profile coefficient =1.0
V= Service speed =16 Kn
AR = Rudder area =10.5 m2

XPF = 0.12 AR / YR
YR =Depth of rudder at the center line of stock

step2
Rudder Bearing

Depth ZB = 1.2 ds

Zb=

mm

Minimum thickness of the wall for the lower bearing is to be taken as the lesser of
0.2
or 100mm

T= 0.2ds

T=

mm

minimum7.0N/mm^2given bearing pressure on the projected area of the lowest

main bearing for metal

RUDDER CALCULATION

LOA (m) LBP (m)

B(m)
D(m)
T(m)
V (Knots)
322.26
305.4
50.9
25.45
18.97
13
No of Screw
Step 1

98.49 m2

Using DNV Rule

A = TL/100 [1+25 (B/L) 2]
Where

98.17 m2

For normal seagoing ships

A - Rudder area (m2)
T - Ships Draught (m)
LBP - Ships Length (m)

Average of Above two areas are taken as a Rudder Area

Ar

Step 2

Spade Rudder

For normal supply vessels the range of rudder area is 3-4 % of (L*T)
Taking the rudder area to be 3.5 % of (L*T)
Ar

Type

RUDDER AREA

98 m2

RUDDER GEOMETRY
Area = b * c
b

T = 1.4b+X

X = 0.05D-.0055D
X
1.132525

12.74 m

b - Span
C - Chord

7.72 m

Aspect Ratio = Span / Chord

Step 3

RUDDER MAXIMUM ANGLE

max = (5/7)*max

AR

1.65

Where,
max - Angle of Attack
max - Rudder deflection Angle

max
b

25 deg

Rudder Deflection Rate

max = 33 - 35 for sea-going with conventional rudder

min = (24 * V)/L

min

Step 4

1.02 deg/sec

RUDDER PROFILE
Taper Ratio is taken as
C = (Ct + Cr)/2

0.5

Taper Ratio = Ct/Cr

Cr

10.29 m

Ct

5.14 m

Sweep back angle is taken to be

7 deg

(Apporx)

Step 5

LOCATION OF RUDDER TURNING AXIS

For Tip

0.122173

BC = b/2 tan 7

BC

0.7822023 m

BD = ct/4

BD

1.2862295 m

AC = EF = C/4

AC = EF

1.9293443 m

AD = AB+BD

AD

2.4333715 m

IJ = b/2 tan7

IJ

0.7822023 m

JL = Cr/4

JL

2.5724591 m

HI = EF = C/4

HI = EF

1.9293443 m

HL = HI+IJ+JL

HL

5.2840057 m

KL = HL-HK

KL

2.8506342 m

For Root

Let's take 25% of Area to be at forward part of the rudder Stock

Ar/4

24.581879 m2

Step 6

RUDDER CONSTRUCTION

Rudder Stock

ds = 83.3 Kr (FR(V+3)2(AR2XPF2+N2)1/2)1/3
Where,

ds

1414.525 mm

Kr - Rudder coefficient
FR - Rudder profile coefficient

0.248

Xpf = (0.12 * Ar)/6

0.360

Step 7

RUDDER BEARING

Depth ZB = 1.25 ds

Zb

1768.16 mm

T= 0.2ds

282.90 mm

Clearance = 0.001*ds + 1 but not less than 1.5 mm

Clearance

2.4 mm

Step 8

RUDDER SCANTLING

Plate Thickness
t= K(0.001Yw+0.61)[4-Yw /Xw](1.45+0.1(ds) 1/2)
Where,
K
1
Yw = Vertical spacing between the horizontal web in mm.
Xw = horizontal spacing of the vertical web in mm
ds = the basic stock diameter, mm
Yw
t

600 mm
21.02 mm

Xw

900 mm