Flotation Process Of Gold

http://www.miningeducation.com/2012/01/flotation-process-of-gold.html on 04set2016

The process of mineral flotation concentrates on mining gold is a

separation process used to produce a gold concentrate - copper. And
the flotation process in mining consists of several steps performed to
produce a gold concentrate - copper. Equipment used in the flotation
process by using a stirred tank, and where the string of the tank is
given airflow, so the gold and copper mineral concentrates will rise
and float to the surface of the floatation tanks. In the process of
flotation is a process that depends on the adhesion properties of
certain minerals to air (hydrophobic), and to water (hydrophilic). To
assist in the flotation process by changing the surface properties of
mineral particles need to be added to the chemicals in the form of
Reagent Flotation

Some Stages Are Carried Out In

The Flotation Process
The process
minerals

of

destruction
and

of rocks
grinding

In this process of rock minerals that have been taken from the
mine site and then destroyed by the machine to obtain a fine grain of
sand to free metal-containing granules for further processing. In the

destruction of mineral rocks of machine tools can use a stone crusher

machine, so the minimum size of rock minerals can reach between 28
mesh

The

Process

Of

Flotation

At this stage after a mineral ore that is refined inserted into the
machine agitator tank which is usually also called a flotation cell to
produce a pulp slurry concentrate.Distilled water provision inserted
into the flotation cell flotation machine is then run, examined the
amount of initial pH and initial temperature. In the flotation tank,
stirring with impellers, which are intended to produce turbulent
motion of fluids (pulp), so that when inserted air flow will form air
bubbles.In the pulp is then coupled collector-1,-2 collector and frother;
flotation machine run back to the time varying adjustment, and
examined the amount of the final pH and final temperature.

In the process flotation reagent which in use is a form of lime,

bubble and collectors. Froth forming a bubble that is stable and that
float to the surface as a froth flotation cell. Collector reagents react
with the surface of the precious metal sulfide mineral particles
making the surface is water repellent. surface of the mineral-bound
water molecule is released and will be changed to hydrophobic.
Thus the collector end of the hydrophobic molecules will be bound

hydrophobic molecules from the bubble, so the mineral ore can be

adrift. Collector has a molecular structure similar to the detergent
hydrophobic sulfide mineral grains are attached to the air bubbles
that rise from the slurry zone into the froth that floats on the surface
of cells.

In the flotation process of air bubbles formed initially has small size
and some are attached to the surface of mineral particles.
Furthermore, another air bubble formed next to join the existing air
bubbles and form air bubbles with a larger size, so as to have
sufficient lift to lift mineral particles to the surface. The mechanism of
attachment of mineral particles in the air bubbles inside the tank
during the flotation process flotation occurs when the hydrodynamic
forces and the forces of interaction between mineral particles with air
bubbles, resulting in collisions with air bubbles and mineral particles
occurs attachment of mineral particles with air bubbles.
Collisions that occur can take place several times, before the
attachment of mineral particles to air bubbles.There are three
elements that play a role in the flotation process of mineral particles,
namely: liquid (pulp) as the flotation media, solid particles (minerals)
and air bubbles. Based on the law of Thermodynamics II stated that a
process will occur spontaneously if the free energy in a system having

a negative value, the system will achieve optimum stability if its free
energy is at the lowest level (Currie, 1973).

From the results of bubble froth flotation process that resembles a

colored foam detergent concentrate metallic ores carrying gold copper mineral-laden is then up to the tub shelter, and foam
concentrate that has been lifted from the drain into the upper lip and
into the trough flotation machine is in use as a valuable mineral
collection

The Process Of Drying And Smelting:

Valuable minerals that have been collected in the form of
concentrates and mineral ore slurry 65% solids by weight in dry with
the dryer until the water content there is only 9%. After all is finished
and dry the gold and Copper Ore concentrate is ready for processing
into the Smelting

In order for the flotation process can take place by either means of
attachment of particles to air bubbles lasted until the top edge of the
flotation cell, it is necessary to consider the following matters :
Particle size on flotation process should be quite small, usually
smaller than 65 # (205 m).
Viscosity mud (pulp) while the flotation process takes place in
the flotation cell typically ranges from 25% to 45% solids.
Viscosity is too high can lead to bubbles is difficult to lift up,
but the viscosity is too low will reduce the capacity.
In the process of flotation of air bubbles must be sufficiently
large and stable so as to lift solid particles up to the lip of the
cell. Air bubble is stable, meaning not easily broken and very
dependent on the type and amount of frother used.
Surface of solid particles that will float must be hidrofobi, while
that will not float must be hydrophilic. These properties can be
achieved by adding an appropriate flotation reagents.
Use of reagent should be appropriate quantity and needs, and
added at the right time.
When used in flotation cells equipped with impller, then spin the
impeller at the time of flotation process should be made in
such a manner as not to break up air bubbles that have been
plastered by hidrofobi particles.