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Modal verbs
The modal verbs include can, must, may, might, will, would, should. They
are used with other verbs to express ability, obligation, possibility, and so
on. Below is a list showing the most useful modals and their most common
meanings:
Modal
can
can
may
may
must
must
should
would
would

Meaning
to express ability
to request permission
to express possibility
to request permission
to express obligation
to express strong belief
to give advice
to request or offer
in if-sentences

Example
I can speak a little Russian.
Can I open the window?
I may be home late.
May I sit down, please?
I must go now.
She must be over 90 years old.
You should stop smoking.
Would you like a cup of tea?
If I were you, I would say sorry.

Modal verbs are unlike other verbs. They do not change their form (spelling)
and they have no infinitive or participle (past/present). The
modals must and can need substitute verbs to express obligation or ability in
the different tenses. Here are some examples:
Past simple
Present perfect
Future
Infinitive
Past simple
Present perfect
Future
Infinitive

Sorry I'm late. I had to finish my math test.

She's had to return to Korea at short notice.
You'll have to work hard if you want to pass the exams.
I don't want to have to go.
I couldn't/wasn't able to walk until I was 3 years old.
I haven't been able to solve this problem. Can you help?
I'm not sure if I will be able to come to your party.
I would love to be able to play the piano.

Modals are auxiliary verbs. They do not need an additional auxiliary in

negatives or questions. For example: Must I come? (Do I must come?),
or: He shouldn't smoke (He doesn't should smoke).
Important: The explanations and examples on this page are just an
introduction to this extensive and complex area of English grammar.

Students of English who want to learn more should consult a good reference
work, such as Swan's Practical English Usage.
Do a quiz on modal verbs.

1.

MODAL AUXILIARY (can, may, should, must) Menyatakan Dapat diganti dengan She can run
very fast

2.

Kemampuan (to be) + (able to) She is able to run fast Can Dapat / sanggup / mampu S +
(can/could) + verb1 +

3.

Menyatakan Dapat diganti dengan He can lend her book Izin (to be/) + (allowed/permitted
to) He is allowed to lend her book Dapat diganti dengan She may run very fast

4.

Menyatakan Izin (to be/) + (allowed/permitted to) She is allowed to run fast May boleh /
mungkin S + (may/might) + verb1 +

5.

Menyatakan Dapat diganti dengan He may lend her book Kemungkinan Perhaps, possibly,
probably, uncertain, not sure He is probably lend her book Should

6.
7.

Nasehat / Dapat diganti dengan He should lend her book

sebaiknya / seharusnya Saran / ought to He ought to lend her book S + (should) + verb1 +

8.

Anjuran Dapat diganti dengan He must run very fast Kepastian (to be/) + (sure, believe,
conclude, certainly) He certainly run very fast Must Harus / pasti / wajib S + (must) + verb1
+ Kewajiban Tidak dapat diganti He must study hard Aidia Propitious 1

MODAL AUXILIARIES

Modal auxiliary adalah kata bantu kerja yang bentuknya bermacam-macam

dan ini di gunakan sesuai keadaan yang ingin diungkapkan oleh sipembicaranya.
Bentuk kalimat-kalimatnya dapat digunakan dengan kata kerja dan selain kata
kerja, bisa digunakan untuk situasi sekarang ataupun yang memiliki arti untuk
situasi yang akan datang.

Modal auxiliaries itu adalah sebagai berikut:

1.

Can

: bisa, mampu, dapat, sanggup.

2.

May

: boleh, bisa.

3.

Will/shall

: akan, bakalan.

4.

Must, have to, need, ought to, should

: harus, seharusnya, mesti.

5.

Could, would

: sudi, ingin, berkenan.

RUMUS
1.

CAN. MUST, MAY, WLL/SHALL, SHOULD, COULD, WOULD, NEED, OUGHT TO:

Penggunaannya sama dengan auxiliary will/shall pola III, baik untuk yang
menggunakan kata kerja (Verb I) maupun selain kata kerja (Non-V).

Menggunakan Verb I

Rumus kalimat positif :

S + Aux. + Verb I + O + Adv
1.

I can speak English now.

2.

I may sit beside you.

3.

We must study English well.

4.

She need go now.

5.

I could help you.

Rumus kalimat bertanya:

Aux. + S + Verb I + O + Adv
1.

Can you help me, friend?

2.

Could you open the door?

3.

Must he make you sad like this?

4.

Ought they to help us?

5.

Need they leave today?

Rumus kalimat negatif:

S + Aux. + Not + Verb I + O + Adv
1.

I cant come tomorrow.

2.

They maynt distusb our friends.

3.

I wont hete you.

4.

Rina mustnt work today.

5.

She ought to speak like that.

Rumus kalimat bertanya menidakan:

Aux. + Not + S + Verb I + O + Adv
1.

Cant you help me?

2.

Wont they invite us?

3.

Oughtnt they to realize it?

4.

Myant I stand beside you?

Menggunakan selain kata kerja (Non-V)

Rumus kalimat positaf:

S + Aux. + Be + Non-V + Adv
1.

I can be crazy about english.

2.

It may be suitable to me.

3.

You ought to be honest.

4.

I could be here at 10.00 am.

5.

I would be your friend.

Rumus kalimat bertanya:

Aux. + S + Be + Non-V + Adv
1.

Must Dian be on time tomorow?

2.

Can you be our leader on next hiking?

3.

Could you be slowly, please?

4.

Ought we to be committee?

5.

Must Paul be here now?

Rumus kalimat negatif:

S + Aux. + Not + Be + Non-V + Adv
1.

I cant be an English teacher.

2.

You maynt be proud, Joko.

3.

They shouldnt be here.

4.

We shant be angry.

5.

I oughtnt to be difficult to do it.

Rumus kalimat bertanya menidakkan:

Aux. + Not + S + Be + Non-V + Adv
1.

Cant you be on time?

2.

Wont she be happy?

3.

Maynt he be my patner?

4.

Couldnt you be frankly next?