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Legislative Mandate
-
industrial sources
o priority pollutants
o problems associated with industrial wastes
pass-through pollutants
harm to plant
industrial waste options
o treatment handled by industry
o industry pre-treats and sends to POTW
connection to house, 6
collecting sewers, gather from houses, 8-12
interceptor or trunk sewers, to plant, 15-27 or larger
Wastewater Characteristics
-
Preliminary Treatment
-
Primary Treatment
-
Secondary Treatment
-
microbiological components
suspended growth, activated sludge
o aeration tank
o mixed liquor
o mixed liquor suspended solids
o secondary clarifier
o return activated sludge
o waste activated sludge
o F/M ratio [design problem, F/M]
growth phases
settleability
BOD removal
o Sludge age or solids retention time [design problem, SRT]
o Process variations
high rate
conventional
extended aeration
o Process modifications
plug flow, tapered aeration
plug flow, step aeration
completely mixed, conventional
completely mixed, contact stabilization
fixed film
o trickling filters [design problem, TF]
o rotating biological contactors
Tertiary Treatment
-
Disinfection
-
chlorination
ozonation
UV
Summary
Be able to sketch out a schematic of a wastewater treatment plant.
vs
g ( p w ) d 2
18
The design particle (and all larger, denser particles) will be removed if the horizontal
velocity within the tank is less than the settling velocity (vh < vs).
Calculate the required surface area of the tank.
vh
Q
Q
or A
A
vh
35000
20.25 m2
1728
V 60.75
Q
35000
m 3 d 1
3 2 1 583 m2
SOR
60
m m d
583
13.6 m ; D 2r 27.2 m
V 1749
0.05 d 12
. h
Q 35000
From the design plot, a BOD removal efficiency of ~25% could be expected.
A wastewater treatment plant will receive a flow of 35000 m 3d-1 (~10 MGD) with
a raw wastewater CBOD5 of 250 mgL-1. Primary treatment removes ~25% of the BOD.
Calculate the volume (m3) and approximate retention time (d) of the activated sludge
aeration basin required to run the plant as a high rate facility (F/M = 2 d -1). The
aeration basin MLSS concentration will be maintained at 2000 mgMLSSL-1.
Calculate the CBOD5 feed to the aeration tank.
V 1640 m3
V 1640
0.047 d 11
. h
Q 35000
This retention time is approximate, because the flow estimate does not include return
activated sludge.
A wastewater treatment plant will receive a flow of 35000 m 3d-1 (~10 MGD). Calculate
the mass of sludge wasted each day (QwXw, kgd-1) for an activated sludge system
operated at a solids retention time (SRT or c) of 5 days. Assume an aeration tank
volume of 1640 m3 and a MLSS concentration of 2000 mgL -1. What fraction of the
solids leaving the aeration tank is this?
Set up the SRT design equation.
XV
Xw Qw
Qw Xw
X V 1640 2000
656,000 g d 1 656 kg d 1
c
5
Waste sludge
656
1%
35000 2
Calculate the diameter (m) of the 3m deep trickling filter(s) which would accommodate a
hydraulic loading of 5 m3m-2d-1 and an organic loading of 250 gCBODm-2d-1.
Calculate the CBOD5 load to the filter.
CBOD Load 250 mg L1 0.75 35000 m3 d 1 6562500 g d 1
CBOD Load
6562500 g d 1
26250 m2
Design Organic Load 250 g m2 d 1
26250
91 m ; D 2r 182 m
Hydraulic Load
35000 m3 d 1
7000 m2
Design Hydraulic Load 5 m3 m 2 d 1
7000
47 m ; D 2r 94 m