11The Microsoft Office Excel 2007 is a member of the Microsoft Office 2007 suite of programs.

It
is a powerful tool for analyzing, sharing, and managing information to help you make more
informed decisions.

The first impression when you open the program - brand-new Ribbon user interface being
introduced to replaced the old menus.

As part of the new and improved Excel 2007 user interface, the program includes all sorts of
graphical improvements such as Live Preview, Page Layout and full of pop-up galleries that make
spreadsheet formatting and charting a real easy.

To start Excel 2007 from the Start Menu

• Click on the Start button, point to All Programs then Microsoft Office and click on
Microsoft Office Excel 2007.
 1

• The first screen that you will see a new blank worksheet that contains grid of cells. This
grid is the most important part of the Excel window. It's where you'll perform all your work, such
as entering data, writing formulas, and reviewing the results.
 Microsoft Excel 2007 Workbook and Worksheet

• A worksheet is the grid of cells where you can type the data. The grid divides your
worksheet into rows and columns.

• Columns are identified with letters (A, B, C … ), while rows are identified with numbers (1,
2, 3 … ).

• A cell is identified by column and row. For example, B8 is the address of a cell in column
B (the second column), and row 8 (the eighth row).

• A worksheet in Excel 2007 consists of 16,384 columns and over 1 million rows. The
worksheets in turn are grouped together into a workbook.

• By default each workbook in Excel 2007 contains 3 blank worksheets, which are
identified by tabs displaying along the bottom of your screen. By default the first worksheet is
called Sheet1, the next is Sheet2 and so on as shown here
 Actually you can change the color of any cells in the spreadsheet.

Once you have the number cells formatted in a different color, just do the same thing for some
other cells.

You can choose a contrasting color for the background to add more effects to your Excel
spreadsheet.

To change the Excel cell color background

• Highlight the cells that you want to alter. We'll start with the cells A2 to B5.

• From the Home tab, in the Font group, point to the Fill Color icon.

• Click the arrow just to the right of the Fill Color icon. You'll see some colors appear:

• Move your mouse over any of the colors and the cells will change automatically. You can
then see what the new color looks like.

• Click with the left mouse button to set the color you want. If you don't like any of the
colors displayed, click on More Colors option.
 • From the Colors dialog box displayed, choose a color and click OK.

To change the text color

• Highlight the text that you want to change color.

• From the Home tab, in the Font group, point to the Font Color icon.

• Click the arrow just to the right of the Font Color icon. You'll see some colors appear.

• Select a color just like you did for the background color of the cell.
 Maybe you are familiar with the basic copy and paste feature, whereby Excel copies all the
information in the range of cells you selected: formatting, formulas, text, and other values you
enter.

How about the paste special? Paste Special allows you to specify that only the entries be copied
(without the formatting) or that just the formatting be copied (without the entries).

This page going to explains to you the Excel 2007 paste special options.

To use the Paste Special dialog box

• Select the range of data you wish to copy.

• On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click Copy icon.

OR press Ctrl+C.

• Click the cell where you want to paste the range.

• On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the down arrow of the Paste icon and
click the Paste Special option.

• From the Paste Special dialog box displayed, select the necessary option from the
Paste section:

Each option is explain as follow:

 • In the Operation section, select the available suitable option.

• For example, if you select the Add option, Excel adds the corresponding values in the
source range and the destination range and replaces the destination range with the new
values.

• The Skip Blanks option prevents Excel from overwriting cell contents in your paste area
with blank cells from the copied range. It is useful if you're copying a range to another area but
don't want the blank cells in the copied range to overwrite existing data.

• The Transpose option can change the orientation of the pasted entries. For example, if
the original cells' entries run down the rows of a single column of the worksheet, the transposed
pasted entries will run across the columns of a single row (see steps below).

To use the Transpose option

• Select the range of data you wish to copy and transpose.

• On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click Copy icon.

OR press Ctrl+C.

• Click the cell where you want to place the range.

• On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the down arrow of the Paste icon and
click Transpose.
 The options allow you to change alignment of the text in a cell or cells, text orientation, merge
several cells together and so on.

For more alignment options, you can click on the Alignment group dialog box launcher to display
the Format Cells dialog box.

To align data between the left and right sides of a cell

• Select the cell, or cells, you wish to align.

• On the Home tab, in the Alignment group, click the Align Text Left icon to align data
with the left edge of the cell.

• Click on the Center icon to center data in the cell.

• Click on the Align Text Right icon to align data with the right edge of the cell.

To align data between the top and bottom of a cell

• Select the cell, or cells, you wish to align.

• On the Home tab, in the Alignment group, click the Top Align icon to align data in the
top position of the cell.

• Click on the Middle Align icon to centralized data vertically in the cell.

• Click the Bottom Align icon to align data in the bottom position of the cell.

To change the orientation of data cells

• Select the cell, or cells, you wish to change.

• On the Home tab, in the Alignment group, click the Orientation icon. You will see a
drop down menu allowing you to format the cell orientation.
• Select any one of the command. Experiment with applying some of the other orientation
effects.

To wrap multiple lines of data in a cell

• Type the text 'The Ultimate Guide to Excel 2007' into the cell C5 and press Enter. The
entry will appear as one long line that does not 'fit' into the cell.

• Select the cell C5 and then on the Home tab, in the Alignment group, click the Wrap
Text icon. The text will wrap as follow:

To merge several cells

• Select the cells that you wish to merge to become one cell.

• On the Home tab, in the Alignment group, click the Merge & Center icon.

To shrink the text into one cell

• Type the data you require into the cell and press Enter.

• Right-click on the selected cells, click Format Cells.

 • From the Format Cells dialog box displayed, click on the Alignment tab.

• Under the Text control section, tick the Shrink to fit check box and click on OK.

Note: You can also use this right-click method to do the wrap text and merge cells
Number Formats help you to change the appearance of numbers or values in a cell in the Excel
spreadsheet. They are not difficult, and can be achieve with a few clicks.

Formatting is done to improve the appearance of the spreadsheet and to make the numbers
easier to read and understand. Commonly used number formats include adding commas ( , ),
percent symbols ( % ), decimal places, and dollar signs( $ ).

In Excel 2007, the basic number formatting options are located on the Home tab, Number group
as shown here.

To change the basic number formatting

• Select the cell containing number that you wish to format.

• Click on the down arrow next to the Number Format drop-down list and select a suitable
command.
 To change number formatting using the formatting icons

• You can quickly change the formatting of a cell or selected range by using the following
icons on the Home tab, Number group.

To format a number as a currency

• Select the cell or range of cells you want to format.

 • Right-click on the cell and choose Format Cells from the pop-up menu.

• From the Format Cells dialog box displayed, select the Number tab.

• Under the Category: section, select Currency.

• Select the number of decimal places you require by using the Decimal places: spin box
arrows.

• In the Symbol: drop down list, select the type of currency.

• Click OK.

To format a number as a percentage

• Select the cell or range of cells you wish to format.

• Right-click on the cell and choose Format Cells from the pop-up menu.

• From the Format Cells dialog box displayed, select the Number tab.

• Under the Category: section, select Percentage.

• Select the number of decimal places you require by using the Decimal places: spin box
arrows.

• Click OK.

To change the number of decimal places

• Select the cell or range of cells, you wish to change the number of decimal places.

• To increase a decimal place, click on the Increase Decimal icon on the Home tab,
Number group. You can continue to click to increase the decimals as required.

• To reduce a decimal place, click on the Decrease Decimal icon on the Home tab,
Number group. You can continue to click to reduce the decimals as required.

To round numbers using a numeric format

• Select the cell or range of cells you wish to format.

• Right-click on the cell and choose Format Cells from the pop-up menu.

• From the Format Cells dialog box displayed, select the Number tab.

• In the Category: section, select Number.

• Select the number of decimal places you require by using the Decimal places spin box
arrows.

• Click OK.

To change colors based on the value in the cells

• Select the cells you wish to change, which contain numeric values.

• Right-click on the cell and choose Format Cells from the pop-up menu.

• From the Format Cells dialog box displayed, select the Number tab.

• Choose Custom from the Category: list box.

• Use the scroll bars in the Type: section of the dialog box to view what custom number
formats are available.

• For example, to force all negative numbers to be displayed in red, you would select the
option illustrated below.

• Click OK.
To display negative numbers that enclosed within brackets

• You would edit the above example, as illustrated.

Normally we type in descriptive text to add information to a spreadsheet such as titles, dates,
page numbers, etc.

A header or footer can appear in three locations on the page. It can be in the top/bottom left
corner, the center, and the right corner of the page.

With the latest version of Excel 2007, it is much simpler to add a header and/or footer to your
worksheet. Here are the steps:

To insert header and footer

• Click the View tab.

• In the Workbook Views group, click the Page Layout icon.

• Click in the area marked Click to add header.

• Choose where you want the text to be, left, center or right aligned. In our example as
shown above, it's center align.

• Type the desired text in the appropriate box.

• You also can use the Header & Footer Tools Design Tab, Header & Footer Elements
group to insert the appropriate text.

• If you wish to go to the footer, click on Go to Footer icon in the Navigation group.

• Click the Home tab to apply formatting to the text (font, bold, underline, or color).

To view header and footer

• Headers and footers are not visible in the normal worksheet view.
 • You can use the Page Layout view to see the headers and footers.

• To view a header or footer before printing the spreadsheet, use the Print Preview option
(Office button - Print).

To edit the excel header and footer

• From the View tab, in the Workbook Views group, click the Page Layout icon.

• Edit or change the elements in the header or footer as you wish.

• When finish, just press the Esc key and save your work.

Where do you want to do the editing in your worksheet cells? Excel 2007 allows you to specify if
editing should be allowed only in the Formula bar or also in cells.

By default, Excel 2007 allows you to edit the cell information either in the Formula bar or in the
cell itself. However, in some cases, you may want to turn the in-cell editing feature off because
you want to protect your worksheet cells data being modify!

This tutorial shows you the steps:

To edit the worksheet cells

• Select the cell and press F2 key and start modifying OR simply double-click on a cell that
you wish to modify.

• When finish, just press Enter.

To turn off the cell editing

• Click the Office Button and then click Excel Options button.

• From the Excel Options dialog box displayed, click the Advanced at the left side of the
dialog box.
• Under the Editing options section, clear the Allow editing directly in cells check box.

• Click on OK.
If you look at Row 2, you'll see that the "Items Price" heading stretches across three cells. This is
not three separate cells, with a color change for each individual cell. The B2, B3 and B4 cells
were merged.

To merge cells in Excel 2007

• Type the words "Items Price" into cell B2 of a spreadsheet.

• Highlight the cells B2, B3 and B4

• On the Home tab, in the Alignment group, locate the Merge and Center icon.

• Click the down arrow to see the following options:

• Click on Merge & Center. The three cells will then become one - B2, to be exact!

To unmerge cells in Excel 2007

 • Click on the cell B2 (the cell that merged before).

• On the Home tab, in the Alignment group, click on the down arrow next to the Merge
and Center icon.

• Select Unmerge Cells. The cell B2 is now separated into 3 cells.

For example, if each row contains information about an employee, the columns can contain data
such as name, employee number, hire date, salary, department, and so on.

There are three ways to create a table in Excel 2007, and each method has its purpose.

1) Use Insert Table dialog box

2) Use Table icon
3) Draw the table

To create a table with Insert Table dialog box

• Open a new worksheet or workbook.

• On the Insert tab, in the Tables group, click on the Table icon.
OR press Ctrl + T.

• From the Create Table dialog box displayed, Excel tries to guess the range, and whether
the table has a header row. Most of the time, it guesses correctly. If not, make your corrections
by click and drag the ranges to create the table.

• Click OK.

To add text to a Excel 2007 table

• When the table first appears on the worksheet, the insertion point is place in the first cell
of the table.

• To insert the data to the table, just start typing.

• To moves between cells, you can use the mouse to click the particular cell or use the
following keystrokes:

Tab - Move to the next cell.

Shift + Tab - Move to the previous cell.
Down Arrow - Move to the next row.
Up Arrow - Move to the previous row.

If you want to apply formatting to one or more cells, rows or columns; you must first select the
cells to be affected. Here are the selection techniques:

To select a row

• Move the mouse to the left of a cell in the first column, and the mouse pointer changes to
a right-pointing arrow. Click to select the entire table row.
OR press Shift + Space.

To select a column

• Move the mouse to the top of a cell in the header row, and the mouse pointer changes to
a down-pointing arrow. Click to select the data in the column.

• Click a second time to select the entire table column (including the header).
OR press Ctrl + Space (once or twice)

To select the entire Excel 2007 table

• Move the mouse to the upper-left part of the upper-left cell. When the mouse pointer
turns into a diagonal arrow, click to select the data area of the table. Click a second time to
select the entire table.
OR press Ctrl + A (once or twice)
A formula is an equation that performs operations on worksheet data. You can use an Excel 2007
formula to perform mathematical operations, such as addition and multiplication, or they can
compare worksheet values, join text, averaging a student's test results, etc.

Formulas can refer to other cells on the same worksheet, cells on other sheets in the same
workbook, or cells on sheets in other workbooks. In addition, if you change the data in your
spreadsheet, Excel will automatically recalculate the answer without you having to re-enter the
formula.

A basic formula format will start with an equals sign (=) followed by one or more operands,
separated by one or more operators. Operands can be values, text, cell references, ranges,
defined names, or function names. Operators are symbols used to represent the various
arithmetic and comparison operations you can perform on the operands.

In Microsoft Excel 2007, operators are executed in this order:

To enter a formula

• Place the cursor in the cell where the formula will appear, i.e.E5.

• Enter an = sign. All Excel formulas start with the 'equal' sign.

• Enter the expression that will produce the result you want. This can consist of operands,
values, variables, and symbols which represent mathematical procedures such as + or - to add
and subtract, e.g. A5+C5.

• When the formula is complete, press Enter. The result of the formula will be calculated
and displayed in the cell E5.

• You can see the formula in the Formula bar at the top of the screen by placing the cell
pointer on the cell E5.
 • If there is an error in a formula, an error message is displayed which will begin with a #
sign.

To know the Excel 2007 formula error messages

• When writing formulas it is easy to make a mistake. Here are some common mistakes:

To enter a cell or range reference by pointing

• Place the cursor in the cell where the formula will appear.

• Enter the formula up to the point of the cell or range reference, e.g. to enter the formula
=E2+E5, only enter the = sign.

• Using the arrow keys, move the cell pointer to the first cell reference, in this case E2. The
formula will track your progress and enter the current address into the formula.

• Enter the operand, + sign.

• Using the arrow keys, move the cell pointer to the second cell reference, in this case E5.
If you are calculating a range of cells, hold down the Shift key while using the arrow keys to
move to the intended cells.

• Press Enter to complete the formula when you have reached the cell you require.

Related Topics:

This is the introduction to Excel 2007 formula, more tutorials available at the following links:
 "Excel 2007 Functions: An Introduction"

The syntax for the NOW function is:

= NOW ( )

The NOW function takes no arguments.

To use the Excel 2007 NOW Function

• Click on cell C5 - the location where the results will be displayed.

• Click on the Formulas tab.

• In the Function Library group, click the Date & Time icon to open the function drop
down list.
• Click on NOW in the list to bring up the Function Arguments dialog box. You will see
the =NOW( ) displayed in the cell C5 as well as in the formula bar.
 • Click OK.

• The current time and date should appear in cell C5.

• When you click on cell C5 the complete function =NOW( ) appears in the formula bar

You can use the IF Function for various purposes. For example, you can use the function to
grade student exam scores. If the student has above 85, award an A grade; if the student has
below 40, award a fail grade.

The syntax for the IF function is:

=IF (logical_test, value_if_true, value_if_false)

logical_test - a value or expression that is tested to see if it is true or false.

value_if_true - the value that is displayed if logical_test is true.
value_if_false - the value that is displayed if logical_test is false.

To use the Excel 2007 IF function (an example)

• Enter the following data in an Excel worksheet as illustrated.

 • Let say the student scores are based on the following: A If the student scores 85 or
above
B If the student scores 70 to 84
C If the student scores 55 to 69
D If the student scores 40 to 54
FAIL If the student scores below 40

• Now, click on cell C3 - the location where one of the results will be displayed.

• Click on the Formulas tab and choose Logical function from the ribbon to open the drop
down list.

• Click on IF in the list to bring up the function's dialog box.

• From the If Function Arguments dialog box displayed, click on the icon with red color
pointing upwards behind the Logical_test.

• Then, type in the following formula and click on the red color icon pointing down. B3>=85,
"A", IF(B3>=70, "B", IF(B3>=55, "C", IF(B3>=40, "D", "Fail" ) ) )

• Click OK.
 • If you want to see the full formula, click on the cell C3 and the formula will be display on
the Formula Bar.

Note: Some of the conditional operator you need to know:

< - Less Than
>= - Greater than Or Equal To
<= - Less than Or Equal To
<> - Not Equal To

http://www.msoffice-tutorial-training.com/excel-2007-if-function.html

The advantage of using this function becomes apparent if you have several numbers to multiply
together. It is easier then building a long formula.

The syntax for the PRODUCT function is:

=PRODUCT (Number1, Number2, ... Number255)

Number1, Number2, … is numbers that enter into the Excel spreadsheet. Up to 255 numbers can
be entered into the function.

To use the PRODUCT function (an example)

• Enter the following data into cells C1 to C3:

• Click on cell C5 - the location where the results will be displayed.

• Click on the Excel 2007 Formulas tab.

• Choose Math & Trig from the ribbon to open the function drop down list.
 • Click on PRODUCT in the list to bring up the function's dialog box.

• From the Function Arguments dialog box displayed, enter C1 for Number1 and C2 for
Number2.
 • Click OK. The result will display on cell C5 that is 80 in this case.

• The results you will get:

=Product(C1, C2) would return 80.
=Product(C1, C2, C3) would return 720.
=Product(C1, C2, C3, -2) would return -1440.

Related Topics:

This tutorial is about Excel 2007 Product Function, visit the following links for more Excel 2007
functions:

You can use the IF Function for various purposes. For example, you can use the function to
grade student exam scores. If the student has above 85, award an A grade; if the student has
below 40, award a fail grade.

The syntax for the IF function is:

=IF (logical_test, value_if_true, value_if_false)

logical_test - a value or expression that is tested to see if it is true or false.

value_if_true - the value that is displayed if logical_test is true.
value_if_false - the value that is displayed if logical_test is false.

To use the Excel 2007 IF function (an example)

 • Enter the following data in an Excel worksheet as illustrated.

• Let say the student scores are based on the following: A If the student scores 85 or
above
B If the student scores 70 to 84
C If the student scores 55 to 69
D If the student scores 40 to 54
FAIL If the student scores below 40

• Now, click on cell C3 - the location where one of the results will be displayed.

• Click on the Formulas tab and choose Logical function from the ribbon to open the drop
down list.

• Click on IF in the list to bring up the function's dialog box.

• From the If Function Arguments dialog box displayed, click on the icon with red color
pointing upwards behind the Logical_test.

• Then, type in the following formula and click on the red color icon pointing down. B3>=85,
"A", IF(B3>=70, "B", IF(B3>=55, "C", IF(B3>=40, "D", "Fail" ) ) )
 • Click OK.

• If you want to see the full formula, click on the cell C3 and the formula will be display on
the Formula Bar.

Note: Some of the conditional operator you need to know:

< - Less Than
>= - Greater than Or Equal To
<= - Less than Or Equal To
<> - Not Equal To

"Excel 2007 MAX Function - An Example Demonstration"

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