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Shoot System
The shoot system comprises the leaves and s tems of plants. Leaves are located
at nodes on the stem; the distance along the stem between nodes is known as an
internode. Shoots develop from s hoot meristem, which contains the apical
shoot tip meristem from the epicotyl of the embryo, leaf primordia, and bud
primordia, which are embryonic lateral shoot systems. Flowers, the reproductive
organs of angiosperms, are modified shoots. Shoot meristems are located at the
growing tips of stems, and in buds.
Shoot Meristems
The apical meristem is divided into two regions: t unica and c orpus. The tunica
meristem cells divided in a plane the produces additional surface meristem. The
corpus meristem cells under the tunica divide in a plane that adds bulk to the shoot
meristem. Generally there are two tunica layers and one corpus layer.
As a shoot grows, buds are laid down by shoot meristem in the axils of leaf
primordia. The repeating units of leaf and bud primordia are called p hytomeres.
These buds are dormant meristems that are activated at some later time in
growth.
Stem tissues are produced from the same three derivative meristems as root
tissues are:
Protoderm is responsible for Epidermis
Ground Meristem differentiates into ground tissues
Procambium produces the vascular tissues
Shoot tip, xs
Herbaceous eudicots
Monocots
Helianthus stem, xs
Monocot stem, xs