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AXISPROPAGANDA
CURRENCYOFWWII
SGMHERBERTA.FRIEDMAN(Ret.)
NoteSomematerialfromthisarticlewasusedwiththeauthorspermissioninthebookOEANG
NOESANTARA(Indonesia'sMoney).
Thefieldofpsychologicaloperations(PSYOP)andaerialpropagandaleafletsisvast.There
werebillionsofleafletsdroppedduringWWII,andthousandsofdifferenttypes.Oneofmy
favoritethemesistheleafletintheformofabanknote.Itisaverystrongpsychologicaltool.
Fewpeoplewillfailtopickupabanknoteontheground.Forthisreasontheyhavealways
beenpopularasamediumofpropaganda.Inthisarticlewewilldiscussandillustratethe
banknoteleafletspreparedbyNaziGermanyforuseagainstTheUnitedStatesanditsAllies.
PortionsofthisarticlehaveappearedpreviouslyintheInternationalBankNoteSociety
Journal,Volume24,No.3,1985,andVolume24No.4,1985.

Warning
Itshouldbenotedthatin2009anumberofforgeriesoftheGermanpropagandaparodiesof
$1,$2and$5U.S.banknoteswereofferedonEBaybyaNewJerseydealeroperatingunder
thenameTheGrandEmporium.Buyersarewarnedtoinspectanypropagandabanknotes
carefully.Wecanassumethatfakeswillaboundinthefuture.

GermanPropaganda
TheGermanslovedpropaganda.Ithasbeensaidthatbecausetheyloveditsomuch,they
couldn'tdoitproperly.Theywerebyfarthemostextravagantproducersofaerialleafletsin
theformofcurrency.TheyproducedpropagandabanknotesfortheUnitedStates,Great
Britain,Yugoslavia,Hungary,theSovietUnionandothernationsthatstoodintheirpathof
worlddomination.

TheUnitedStatesofAmerica

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GermanantiSemiticparodyofUS$1toFrance
InOctober1943,FrenchcitizensawakenedtofindthestreetsofParislitteredwithUnited
States$1SilverCertificatesof1935.Thepopulacewasoverjoyed,thinkingthatthegenerous
AmericanshaddroppeddollarbillsfortheeventualuseoftheFrenchpeopleafterthedefeat
ofthehatedGermanoccupationforces.Itwasonlyuponcloseexaminationthatthetrue
significanceofthedollarscametolight.AllthebillshadtheserialnumberY91033384A.Each
wasinrealityathinstripofphotographicallypreparedpaperthathadbeenfoldedtogivethe
appearanceofalegitimatebanknote.
Thefrontandthebackofthefoldedleafletwereexcellentreproductionsofthegenuine
currency.Whenthefakedollarwasunfolded,aviciousattackupontheUnitedStatesand
worldJudaismwasexposed.AlltheinsidetextisinFrench.
InthecenteroftheunfoldednoteisayellowStarofDavid.Thetextis:
ThisdollarisvalidonlyifsignedMorgenthau.TheMinisteroftheUnitedStates
TreasuryistheJewMorgenthauJunior,alliedtothebigsharksofinternational
finance.AlltheJewishsymbolsappearonthisdollar:theEagleofIsrael,the
Triangle,theEyeofJehovahandthethirteenlettersofthedevice,starsofthehalo,
arrows,olivebranchesandstepsoftheunfinishedpyramid.Thismoneyiscertainly
Jewish!ThisdollarhaspaidfortheJewishwar.TheonlymessagethattheAnglo
Americansareabletoaddresstousis:Willthisdollarbeenoughtocompensateus
forthesorrowscausedbytheJewishwar?Moneyhasnosmell...buttheJewhas
one!"
Thisbanknoteisverywelldone,extremelyrealistic,andoneofthemostpopularGerman
banknoteleafletsofWorldWarII.

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TheGermanparodyofUS$1forItaly
InlateAprilof1945,theUnitedStatesFifthArmywaspreparingtoslugitoutwith
entrenchedGermanforcesalongthePoRiverinNorthernItaly.Bythe23rdofthemonth,the
337th,338thand339thInfantryRegimentsofthe85thU.S.InfantryDivisionwerecrossing
thePoandmovingrapidlynorthward.TheexpectedstrongGermandefensenever
materializedandthePoValleyoffensiveturnedintoacompleteroutoftheAxisforces.
The339thRegimentracedaheadatfullspeed,menridinginjeepsmountedwithmachine
gunsandevenincapturedGermanandItalianstaffcars.By0815ofApril26th,forward
elementswereenteringthetownofVerona.VeronawasacenterofFascistpropaganda.
Severalmajorprintingplantswerelocatedinthecityandthesewereknowntohaveproduced
stamps,postcards,posters,andpamphletsmeanttobolstertheItalianmoraleandwillto
continuethewar.
ColonelFloydE.Minor,CommandingOfficeroftheThirdBattalionofthe339th,foundthat
becauseoftheheadlongretreatoftheenemyhehadadvancedbeyondtherangeofhismaps.
HismenreportedthattheGermanshadleftvastquantitiesofprintedmaterialinthenow
vacantprintingplantsandstoragefacilities.Hedecidedtoleadapatrolthroughthe
warehousesinsearchofoperationalmapsofthearea.
InastoragebuildinglocatedonaprivateestatejustnorthofVeronahefoundmapsofthe
surroundingarea,allthewaytotheBrennerPass.Continuingtosearch,hewassurprisedto
findalargebundleofUnitedStates$1SilverCertificatesof1935.Thebanknotesallborethe
serialnumberD85826026A.ThenoteshadbeenreproducedbytheGermansandhadashort
Italianlanguagepropagandamessageoverprintedontheback:
ThepromisesoftheAmericansareofnovaluetheylookfineandgood,buttheyare
onlyillusions(likethisbanknote).
Minorstated:"Ipickedupabundleofthem,about100Iguess,gavesomeawayandhadthe
restdestroyed."

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GermanParodyofUS$1BanknoteforNorthAfrica
TheGermansproducedaparodyoftheUnitedStates$1SilverCertificateof1935,serial
numberG80536479BwithArabictextontheback:
SonsofMorocco,Algeria,andTunisia:DoyouknowofthestruggleofMuslimsin
PalestineandSyriawhohavedeclaredwaragainstJewswhohavelivedtherelike
animalsforseveralyears?Doyouknowhowtheyarefeelingfromtheirstruggle?
Theywantfreedomandindependencefortheircountrywhichtheyinheritedfreeand
independentfromtheirfathersandgrandfathers.TheydontwanttheJewstosteal
theirproperty,fields,cows,etc.,bysurpriseorforceandafterthatstealtheirfreedom
anddignity.WhoarethepeoplewhoarehelpingandcooperatingwiththeseJews?
ArenttheyAmericanandBritish?Listen!Arabs!AspeechwasdeliveredbyMr.
Wadsworth,AmericanAmbassadortoSyria,totheMuslimcommunityandtothe
worldasawhole.Thisiswhathesays:"MuslimsofSyriaareouttoprovethatthey
deservetobefree.Theyprobablydontdeservefreedom."DearArabs,sincewhen
hasitbeenthecasethatanArabhastoprovetoaJewandtoafriendofaJewthat
hedeservesfreedom?ThroughGodthereisnostrongerproofthantheedgeofa
swordbecausefreedomisbornoutofblood.Also,freedomisadignitywehaveto
sacrificeforinordernottoloseit.Anobledignitywillnotbesavedunlessbloodis
shedoneachside.SonsofwesternArabiccountries,Americanshaveinvadedyour
countrieslikearmiesofstudentsonedaytheywilltellyouthatyoudontdeserve
freedom.SonsofwesternArabiccountries,beprepared!Godiswiththepeoplewho
struggle!"
ThisnotewaspresumablydistributedtoArabsinNorthAfricaandtheMiddleEastatsome
pointbetween1942and1944.GeorgeWadsworth(18931958)wasthefirstU.S.diplomat
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accreditedtoSyria,on9October1942.WhentheU.S.recognizedtheindependence
ofSyriaandLebanonon7September1944,hebecameMinistertobothcountries,serving
until1947.Thisnotewasfirstreportedinthewinter1975issueofFallingLeaftheowneris
givenasR.J.French.AnexamplesoldoneBayon16November2001.Thisitemwasmounted
inacrudepaperframewithnotationsDollarbillissuedbyGermansinAfrica.Obtained
inItalyJuly1944.ThenoteitselfissignedC.L.Montgomery/15thInf.The15thInfantry
Regimentofthe3rdDivisionservedinNorthAfricaandSicily,andwasinItalyfrom18
September1943untilAugust1944.ThecopyabovewassentbyformerU.S.Army1SGGarry
Arva.

German$2noteforArabs
TheGermansalsoreproducedaparodyoftheUnitedStates$2noteof1928.Theserial
numberofthisbillisB67336096A.Thisnotewaspreparedinmid1943whiletheGerman
armyinTunisiawasinfullretreat.Theplanwastodroppropagandaintheformofcurrency
uponthelocaltribesmen.ThemessageswouldattacktheAlliedoccupationoftheArablands
andattempttoinflameapatrioticresistancetotheAmericanandBritishforces.Allegedly,a
cheapjobbingprinterwasfoundinTuniswhowaswillingtoundertaketheprintingofthese
fraudulentbanknotes.Heusedpoorqualitypaper.Thecolorisamuchdeepergreenthan
foundongenuinebills.
ThepropagandamessagewasprintedinArabicandreads:
ToourBrother,theMoslem:ThenotedepictedisthatwithwhichtheBritishand
Americansseektoenslavetheworld.Remember,OhMoslembrother,thattheblood
ofyourbrethrenhasflowedlikeriversinordertoincreasethefortunesofthese
robbingoverlordswhospongeonthelandsofAllahandhisfaithfulfollowers.Look
atthecurrenteventsandthosethathaveoccurredinallareasofIslamunderthe
disastrousoccupationoftheAngloAmericans.Thisisanauspicioustimeforrapid
actiontosalvagewhatisleft.JointhosewhohaverevoltedagainsttheAnglo
Americans,hatedenemiesofIslam.Youwillsecurenotonlyyourownlives,butalso
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thoseofyourchildren.Allahsupportsyouandwillshieldyoufromdangerindriving
offtheJewishoccupationthathasbeensuckingyourlifebloodandcontrollingthe
landsofIslam.
TheeffectofthispropagandaontheArabswasnegligible.Ontheotherhand,theBritishand
Americantroopswhofoundthiscurrencyenjoyedthem.Theycollectedandtradedthe
banknotesandevenusedthefakemoneyincardgames.Byaccident,theGermanshadhelped
todefeattheboredomoftheAlliedfrontlinesoldier.

GermanParodyofa$2banknotewithItalianTextCodedI/1

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GermanParodyofa$2banknotewithItalianTextCodedI/5
GermanparodiesoftheUnitedStates$2notearealsofoundwithItalianlanguagetext.Asthe
GermansfledfromNorthAfricatheycarriedtheplatesforthepropagandawiththem.
ExpectingtheAlliedlandingsinSicily,theyprintedanentireseriesofbillswithproFascist
andantiAlliedstatements.Atleasteightdifferentpropagandamessageswerepreparedand
droppedoverSicily.ThesamemessagesappearonbothU.S.$2and$10banknoteleaflets.I
willtranslatetheItalianlanguagetextslaterinthisarticlewhenwediscusstheGerman
parodiesoftheUnitedStates$10bills.

GermanparodyoftheUS$5withskull
TheGermansalsoproducedaphotographicreproductionoftheUnitedStates$5Federal
ReserveNoteof1934.ThepropagandabanknotesbeartheserialnumberB03439129A.They
weredroppedin1942overEgyptandpossiblyoverotherpartsofNorthAfrica.
ThesenotesarefoundwithtwodifferentArabicmessagesontheback.Thefirstdepictsa
skullinthecenterandtext:

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Thefaceitisshininggold,butithidestragedies.Itisfullofpromises,butisfollowed
byoccupationandconfiscationoftheland.Theytellyounoneofthis.Worsewillbe
theenslavementofthepeopleandpermanentoccupationbythecolonizerswho
destroyalltraditions.Theycamewithuglyaggressionandnoregardforreligion.Is
itnotbetterforthepatienttofighthisillnessbeforeitspreadsandbecomesfatal?
Beforeitisimplantedpermanentlyinthelandandspreads,whichwouldmeanthe
lossoftheland?Thefaceitisshininggold,buttheinsideismercilessandcruel.
Theterm"face"referstoboththefrontofthebanknoteandtheskullontheback.

AnotherGermanparodyoftheUS$5
Thesecond$5banknotevarietyisidenticaltothefirstonthefront,butlackstheskulland
bearsadifferentArabiclanguagetextontheback:
TothepeopleofMorocco:Whenamerchantwantstosellsomethinginhisstoretoa
customer,boththebuyerandsellerlooktothescale.Theybothseethemerchandise
ononesideandtheweightontheotherandtheyaresatisfiedwhenthescale
balances.Thereisnoneedforargumentbothgetwhattheypayfor.Howbeautifulit
wouldbeiftheworldwouldbejudgedonasimilarscale.
ButnowtheAmericans,thethieves,forcethemselvesthroughcountries,drowning
thesenationswiththeirdollars,whichcausesconfusion.Therulesofgovernment
havebeenchanged.Violencehasbecomerampant,anditseemsthatsomeonehasan
invisiblefingeronthescales,pushingdowntomakesurethatonesidehasmore
valuethantheotherside.
Thesepeopleofthedollarsdestroytherulesofmarketingandhousing.Iftheyhad
theirwayallofthetimeyouwouldhavenothingtoshowbuttheirpapermoney.
Wouldn'titbebetterifyoukeptyourmoney,animals,oilandotherproductsaway
fromtheeyesoftheenemysohecouldnotreachoutandgethishandsoneverything
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youown?LettheAmericankeephismoneyandseehowhewillfillhisstomachwith
dollars.Asmartmansavespartofhisfoodandproductsforanothertimewhenhe
willbeinneed.
Dataondisseminationofthe$5billsisscarce.TherearereportsthattheLuftwaffedropped
thenotesoverAlexandria,Cairo,andElAlameininEgypt,butatpresentthereisno
documentedproof.

German$5parody
ThemostinterestingGermanparodyofaUS$5noteisthatofasilvercertificateof1934with
theserialnumberA40237826A.AsinglecopyofthisnoteisfiledintheNationalArchivesin
WashingtonDC.Thereisnorecordofitbeingdisseminated.Thereisacaricatureontheback
thatdepictsasicklebearingBolshevikthugbeingreleasedfromacagebyagroupofformally
dressedAlliedleaders.AmongthemarePresidentRooseveltandPrimeMinisterChurchill.
Thereisnotext,butthevignettecertainlyimpliesthattheAlliednationsareunleashing
BolshevikdeathanddestructiononEurope.
ThefirstGerman$10banknoteleafletisaphotographicreproductionoftheUnitedStates
FederalReservenoteof1934.Thefaceoftheleafletisagoodcopyofthegenuinebanknote
andbearstheserialnumberF05934811A.Thissame$10imageappearsonanumberofother
Germanpropagandaleaflets.AtleasttwoareknownwithArabictext,andasmanyaseight
withItalianlanguagepropagandaontheback.
TheArabiclanguagebanknotesweredroppedoverTunisiatowardtheendof1943whenthe
GermanArmywasinfullretreat.Itwashopedthattheinflammatorytextwouldincitethe
localtribesmentorevoltagainsttheAngloAmericanforcesandtheirallegedZionistcronies
andhopefullyslowtheAlliedadvance.ThetextonthebackofthefirstArabiclanguage
banknoteis:
MuslimsofNorthAfrica:ThetimehascomeforyoutofightthecriminalAnglo
AmericansandtheiragentstheJews.Announceyourrevoltagainstthem.Fight
them.Don'tletthemachievetheirgoals.Denyyourenemiesallhope.Theresultwill
bethatyouhaveobeyedthecommandmentsofAllahtheOmniscient.Youwillhave
liberatedyourbelovednationfromthosethieves.Remember,theAngloAmericans
hateyouasmuchastheJewsdo.Bewaretheirpropaganda.Don'ttrusttheir
promises.Donotbedeceivedbythemoneytheyoffertopayforyourhelp,or
afterwardsyouandyourchildrenwillbegiventotheJewsasspoilsofwar.
ThesecondArabiclanguageGermanreproductionoftheUnitedStates$10FederalReserve
Noteof1934isfoundwiththesamemessageastheirparodyoftheU.S.$2note:
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ToourBrother,theMoslem:ThenotedepictedisthatwithwhichtheBritishand
Americansseektoenslavetheworld.Remember,0hMoslembrotherthattheblood
ofyourbrethrenhasflowedlikeriversinordertoincreasethefortunesofthese
robbingoverlordswhospongeonthelandsofAllahandhisfaithfulfollowers.Look
atthecurrenteventsandthosethathaveoccurredinallareasofIslamunderthe
disastrousoccupationoftheAngloAmericans.Thisisanauspicioustimeforrapid
actiontosalvagewhatisleft.JointhosewhohaverevoltedagainsttheAnglo
Americans,hatedenemiesofIslam.Youwillsecurenotonlyyourownlives,butalso
thoseofyourchildren.Allahsupportsyouandwillshieldyoufromdangerindriving
offtheJewishoccupationthathasbeensuckingyourlifebloodandcontrollingthe
landsofIslam.

BackoftheGermanT/5/EPropagandaBanknote
Athird$10banknotewithArabpropagandatextonthebackhasthecodeT/5/E.Thetexton
thebackofthenoteis:
FellowMuslims!
TheBritishandAmericansarebombingyourcitieshopingtoscareyouandcause
damagetoyourfamiliesandyourholyplaces,butifyouinjurealionitwilldoallin
itspowertodefenditselfandkillitsattacker.
FellowMuslims!Takerevengeforyourbrothersthemartyrs,andkillyourBritish
andAmericansenemieswhodidnothesitatetoignitetheflamesofwarinthe
Islamiccountriesbecauseoftheirgreedinessandselfishness.
Itistimetofinallyfreeyourselffromthoseinvaderswhoenjoyenslavingallthe
peopleoftheworldthroughthepoweroftheirgoldandtheirextremewealth.They
comewiththeintentionnottoprotectyou,buttostealyourmoneyandincreasetheir
wealthbyrobbingyourcropsandoccupyingyourterritorytogiveittotheJewswho
lendthemthemoneynecessarytocarryonthewar.FightyourenemyforGodiswith
you!

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$10GermanparodyCodeI/2
TherearebelievedtobeeightdifferentpropagandamessagesinItalian,codedI/1throughI/8.
Allhavebeenseenexceptfor1/7,whichisunknownatpresent.Thepropagandamessages
are:
CodeI/1:TheAmericandollarhasalwaysbeenmoneyofhighvalue.Thisisaresult
ofthegreatnaturalresourcesofAmericaandalsoofthegreatamountoflabor
performedbyItalianimmigrants.
TheUnitedStatesofAmericahasnoreasontobeinvolvedintheEuropeanconflict.
ThestoryofthisAmericaninterventionstaggerstheimagination.Americahas
wantedtoextendeconomicdominationtotheEuropeancontinentandAfrica.
HowmanyAmericancitizensofItaliandescentarenowforcedtofightagainsttheir
mothercountry,onthelandinwhichtheirparentsandtheirgrandparentsreside?
CodeI/2:Thereisnowayofcompensatingthepeoplefortheimmensefatigue
causedbythehateful,niggardlyemigrants.TheAmericandollardesirestohumiliate
Italy,toimposeonourcountryadisastrouschange:thefailureofthelira,justasin
EthiopiaandLibya.Thedollarhascostthebloodofamultitudeofourunhappy
peopleinthisnation.TheItalianmonarchistsandfascistsfighttodefendthehonesty
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andsecurityofthepeople.WiththedisciplineandfaithoftheItalianpeopletheywill
knowhowtodefendthemselvesandwillwin.
CodeI/3:ThomasJefferson,thirdPresidentoftheUnitedStatesandoneofthe
principalarchitectsoftheDeclarationofIndependenceofhiscountryfromEngland,
wouldbeashamedtoseehisimageusedasasymbolofmoralityonthosedollars
whichPresidentRoosevelt,hispresentandworthysuccessor,paysmercenariesofall
races.Theyarethepiratesoftheairandhecompensatesthemwithgreatprices,
regularlyfixedforthesavagebombingsofEuropeancitiesthatarecentersofculture
andhumanscience,andforthecriminalbombingsofdefenselesspopulations.
Dollar!InplaceofJefferson'snobleface,everycivilizedmancanseewithhorror
anddesecrationabloodstaincomingthrough.
CodeI/4:HisexcellenceAscalesi,ArchbishopofNaples,hasaddressedtothe
Neapolitanpeopleandclergyamostworthyandgrievousletter,inwhichhe
expressedhisindignationforthedestructioninflictedbytheenemyinairraids.After
havingobservedthedevastationundergonebyreligiousinstitutions,theArchbishop
concludedthus:Howmanysacredciboriums,howmanybaptismalfontsandhow
manyarchivesaretodayamassofruins,silentwitnessesthattheenemybombs,
insteadofhittingmilitaryobjectives,havedestroyedsanctuariesofpeaceandof
divineprotection.ButAngloAmericanpilotsreceivearewardincashforbombings
directedagainstcivilianpopulations.
CodeI/5:TheAngloAmericanbombershavedescendedonourcities,destroying
privateproperty,historicalart,churches,hospitalsandschools.Theyhopetooppress
thespiritofItalianresistance.TheyamusetheirhonoredalliestheBolsheviks,who
havemassacredtheold,women,children,priestsandsistersofcharity,withonlyone
purpose,theeliminationofeverysoundprincipleofmoralsandreligion.Italians,we
willresistatanycosttosaveourreligionandcountrywithafascistvictory.
OnJuly9,1943,theAlliesinvadedSicily.OnJuly14th,acopyofthenotecoded1/5was
foundinanopenfieldthreemilesnorthofGelabyCorporalStanSwizenskiofthe5thField
ArtilleryBattalionofthe1stInfantryDivision.
CodeI/6:TheAmericanbanksoverflowwiththegoldofEuropeancountriesunduly
accumulatedandwithheld.Takenawayfromtheyoungworkernations,thisgoldis
usedtofeedtheAmericanimperialism,alliedwithBolshevismthatwoulddestroy
everymoralandreligiousprincipleofourcivilization.TheMonarchicandfascist
Italy,stronginherprinciplesofsocialjusticemustfighttoassuretheworkofher
sonsbyvictory.
CodeI/7:Messageunknown.
CodeI/8:TheAngloAmericancivilizationhasdevisedanewmeansforbringing
deathamongdefenselesscivilianpopulations.Theenemyplanesdropexplosive
bombsthatlooklikefountainpens,pencils,bottlesofinkandotherobjectsthatcan
appearinnocuous.Assoonassuchobjectsaregathered,theyexplode,causingdeath
andseriouswoundstothosewhohandlethem.OnEasterMondayinthesquareof
Grosseto,AngloAmericanflyerstookanamusementparkasatarget,killingwomen
andchildren.Inthesea,hospitalshipshavebeenmadecrueltargetsbytheenemy.
Theseinfamousactionshavebeenrewardedwithgreatpaymenttotheassassins.
ITALIANS!Thebloodofinnocentvictimscallsforrevengeitdemandshate.We
musthatetheEnglishandAmericanswithallthestrengthofoursoulandwemust
rush,withourwilltoresistuntilvictory,towardtheinevitabledayinwhichalltheir
crimesshallbepunished.
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TheItalianlanguage$10notesweredroppedbytheLuftwaffeoverSicily.Theywere
apparentlydisseminatedpriortoandduringthebattleforthatisland.Thesamemessagesare
foundonparodiesofU.S.$2notes.ThemessagesindicatethattheGermanshopedto
strengthentheresolveoftheirItalianalliesinthefightagainsttheexpectedAmericanforces.
TherearenoreportsofthesecurrencypropagandanotesbeingdistributedinItaly.
ThefinalGermanparodyofUnitedStatescurrencycametolightwhenthefollowing
commentwaspublishedintheEighthArmyNews,(Italianedition),19November1943:
SwissjournalistsreportthatGermanplaneshavedroppedthousandsofcounterfeit
tendollarnotesoverdistrictsinYugoslaviaheldbyTito'sarmy.
ThesebanknoteswerepreparedbythePropagandaabteilungSudost,Staffel
Kroatien(PropagandaSectionSoutheast,CroatianDetachment).ThisGermanpropaganda
unitwasheadquarteredinBelgrade,Yugoslavia,withsubsidiaryunits(Nebenstelle)inBanja
Luka,Sarajevo,Varazdin,Essegg,Dubrovinik,VukovarandBjelovar.
YugoslaviawascreatedattheendofWWI.ItwasanunstablefusionofthekingdomofSerbia
withCroatia,SloveniaandBosniaHerzegovina.TheCroatswerepredominatelyRoman
CatholicandresentedtheirdominancebytheGreekOrthodoxSerbs.SomeCroatsapplauded
Hitler'ssurpriseinvasionofYugoslaviaon6April1941.Afterthe12dayGermanvictory,
Croatiawasdeclaredanindependentstate.AntePavelic,founderoftheCroatRevolutionary
Organization,UstaskaHrvatskaRevolueioneroOrganizacija(Ustase),declared
himselfPoglavnik(leader).TheCroatianLegionplaced5,000meninthefieldandjoinedthe
NazisintheirattackonStalingrad.Theyalsoattemptedtoformatleastthreeinfantry
divisionsandseveralWaffenSSdivisions.ThiswasthereasonthattheGermanpropagandists
workedcloselywiththeirChetnikcollaboratorsandcalledtheirdetachmentStaffelKroatien.

TheGerman$10goldnoteforYugoslavia

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ThepropagandabanknoteisasafeconductpassintheformoftheUnitedStates$10Gold
Certificateof1928.TheserialnumberisA55838131A.Insmallprintonthefaceofthefront
ofthenotewefindthefollowingtextattop,bottomandleftsideoverthegoldseal:
True,thisbillisnotworthanything,butitiscapableofsavingyourlife.Itmakesit
possibleforyoutogoovertotheGermanforcesinsafety.Wecalluponyoutoleave
thepartisansandcomeovertotheGermanforces.Withthispassinyourhandsyou
areexemptfromallpunishment.
TheGermansplacedasafeconductmessageonthebackofthenote:
DeserterPass.Don'tshoot,takethismantothenearestGermanCommandPostand
treathimwell.
ThemessageappearsintheGerman,SerbianandCroatianlanguages.Attherightofthe
messageaNazieagleandswastikaareshown.Atthelowerleft,overthe$10denominationwe
findthecode"P.S.K.83,"whichindicatesthatthisisthe83rdleafletintheseries.The
banknotewaspreparedbytheGermanpropagandaorganizationSkorpionAdria.Abrief
wordaboutGermanpropaganda.
TheGermanPropagandaKompanieEinheiten(PKUnits)wascomprisedoftwolight
reportingteamsconsistingofafewwritersandphotographers,andoneheavyteamwith
additionalmovieandradiopersonnel.Startingabout1938theywereappointedby
propagandaMinisterJosefGoebbelsDasReichsministeriumfrVolksaufklrungund
Propaganda(TheReichMinistryforPopularEnlightenmentandPropagandaRMVP),but
whenatthefronttheycameunderthecommandoftheOberkommandoder
Wehrmacht(ArmedForcesHighCommandOKW).Thearrangementthatwasagreedupon
in1939said:
Propagandaisrecognizedasanessentialmeansofwar,equaltoarmedstruggle.The
Wehrmachtisresponsibleforconductingthearmedstruggle:thepropagandawar
willbeconductedbytheRMVP.Inthehomedistrict,theRMVPcarriesitout
completelyindependentlyintheoperationsarea,incoordinationwiththeOKW.
AllofthefilmshotbythePKwasfortheexclusiveuseofthePropagandaMinistry.Adolf
HitleralwaysworriedabouttheloyaltyoftheArmyandeventuallymovedallofthe
propagandasectionstotheSchutzstaffeln(ProtectionSquadsSS).
InJanuaryof1940anSSKriegsberichterKompanie(WaffenSSwarReportersCompany)
wasestablished,eachequippedwithstillandmoviecameras,anditsplatoonswereattachedto
thefourmainWaffenSScombatformationsthatfoughtintheWesternCampaignofMay
andJune,1940.TheseplatoonsremainedwiththeirrespectivedivisionsfortheBalkans
Campaigninthespringof1941.DuringAugust1941,theSSKriegsberichterKompaniewas
expandedtoAbteilung(battalion)strength.WaffenSSexpansioncontinuedtogrow
throughoutthewarandinDecember1943thereportersunitagainexpanded,thistimeto
regimentalsize.Italsoreceivedanhonortitleatthispoint,becomingknownasSSStandarte
KurtEggers.Italsoreceivedacufftitlebearingthesamename.KurtEggerswastheformer
editoroftheSSmagazineDasSchwarzKorps(TheBlackCorps).Hewaskilledinactionwest
ofKharkovwhileservingasatankcommanderwiththe5thSSDivisionon13August1943
ThechainofcommandofthePropagandaorganizationwasonadirectline
fromReichskanzlerAdolfHitler,toSSReichsfhrerHeinrichHimmler,toKurtEggers
CommanderStandartenfhrerGunterdAlquentounitssuchasthe
GermanSkorpionpropagandagroup.TheSkorpionunitsweresuppliedbyregularArmy
commandsbutnotsupervisedbythem.AllguidancecamedownthroughtheSS.
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TheSkorpionunitsoperatedonallfrontsSkorpionEast(EastFront),Sdstern(Italy),
SkorpionAdria(Balkans)andSkorpionWest(WesternEurope).Theyallproduced
propagandafortheenemyunderthecommandoftheSSStandarteKurtEggers.Skorpion
Westnotonlyproducedpropagandafortheenemy,itwasalsotaskedwithboostingthe
moraleofGermantroops.ItregularlyproducedleafletsandnewspapersforGermanforces,
andtheAlliesquicklyproducedblackeditionsoftheleafletswithdefeatistpropaganda
cleverlyhiddenamongthenewsstories.
TheLuftwaffedroppedthousandsofthesesafeconductpassesoverguerrillaforcesinthe
mountainsofYugoslaviainlate1943.SinceYugoslaviasufferedthehighestpercentageof
deathsinrelationtopopulationofalltheGermanoccupiednationsduringthelastwar,itis
extremelydoubtfulthatanypartisanwouldacceptthisGermanpassatfacevalue.
Thepropagandabanknoteappearsintwoprintings.Themostobviousdifferenceisthe
spacingofwordsinthesecondlinefromthebottomoftheCyrillictextontheback.Inone
versionthelineis93mmlong,intheotheritis8083mminlength.

FakeGerman$10banknote
In2014,theseWWIIpropagandabanknoteswerereproducedandsold.Theyarenot
identifiedasreproductions.Thedealerstated:
REENACTORSandPROPMASTERSWHYBUYREPRODUCTIONS?
Firstisthatifyouareusingaperioditemtosettheperiod,theitemwouldbecloseto
new.Second,youcanuseitwithoutworryofdamage.Third,youcandisplaythereal
iteminasafe,guardedplaceforalltosee.Thisnoteisnew,but,agedtolookused.

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GermanLeafletBankCheck
ItwasntonlybanknotesthattheGermanscopied.Thereisalsoaleafletintheformofabank
check.TheuncodedleafletaboveisaperfectparodyofacheckfromthePhiladelphia
NationalBank.Itisdated25February1945,sowecanassumethatthiswasmadeattheend
ofthewaranddroppedontheAmericantroopsfightinginNorthernEurope.Thecheckis
addressedtoYourwidow,Andmadeoutfor$10,000.Thatistheamountofthelife
insurancepolicythattheU.S.Governmentgavetoservicemenduringthewar.Thecheckis
signedbyMajorGeneralJ.A.Ulio,theAdjutantGeneraloftheArmy.Hisname,andoften
thisprintedsignature,appearedonthepagefollowingthetitlepageofeverytrainingand
intelligencemanualpublishedbytheU.S.ArmyduringWWII.Thenameandsignature
wouldhavebeenreadilyrecognizedbyeveryGIwhowasatargetofthispropagandapiece,
anditsinclusiononthisitemwasadefttouchbytheGermans.Onthebackofthecheck,in
placeofthenormalsignatureandbankaccountnumberisahandwrittenmessage:
Thiswillgiveyourwidowachancetobuyanewhusband.Hisdowrywillbeyour
suitsandthings.Areyougoingtoletthischeckbecashed?

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RichMan'sWar,PoorMan'sFight
AlthoughtherearenoknownfurtherGermanimitationsofUnitedStatescurrency,thereare
additionalGermanpropagandaleafletsthatshowbanknotesinanattempttocatchthe
attentionofthefinder.Thepropagandaunit"SouthernStar"operatingwithintheGerman
10thArmyproducedaninterestingleaflet.Theleaflet,coded1319/245,depictsexceptionally
clearblackandwhitephotographsofU.S.currencyonthefront.InthecenterisaU.S.$1000
FederalReserveNote.ItissurroundedbyotherhighvalueAmericanandBritishbanknotes.
Thetextonthefacereads"Richman'swar."Thebackoftheleafletshowsamilitary
cemeteryandrowsofAlliedgravemarkers.Thetextconcludes"Poorman'sfight."

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Alotofmoney
AnotherGermanaerialleafletdepictsastackofatleast10UnitedStatesFederalReserve
notesatopastackof5GreatBritainlargenotesdiagonallyoverwrittenwiththephrase"Alot
ofmoney"printedinhandwritinginredink.Thenotesareprintedinblack.ThetopUnited
Statesnoteis$1000thetopGreatBritainnoteappearstobe500pounds.Thebackcontains
tenlinesofantiSemiticprintedtext(containingsomegrammaticalerrors)inredandblack:
Alotofmoney.ItisonlyapitythatYOUwon'tgetit,butthewarprofiteersandbank
jews.Theyearnthismoney,andlotsmore,byYOURfightingandbyyourdeath.Not
quiteworthwhileforyou,isn'tit?Andevenmore,nowitlookslikethewarbeing
overprettysoon.Ifyouagree,don'tforgetthatbeingtakenprisoneristheonlylife
insuranceintheworldinwartime.Andthebest!

AlliedMilitaryGovernmentCurrency
ThenextpropagandaparodycouldbethoughtofasoriginatingfromeitherGermanyorItaly.
ItwasproducedbytheRepubblicaSocialeltaliana(RSI),underthesponsorshipand
occupationofNaziGermany.AfterMussolini'srescuebyGermanSecretServiceCaptain
OttoSkorzenyon12September1943,AdolfHitlerplacedtheformerItaliandictatorin
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nominalcommandoftheNorthernItaliangovernment.MussoliniputfourItaliandivisionsin
thefield,reinforcedbytwentysixGermandivisions.Anumberofpropagandaleafletswere
preparedwiththemessagethatGermanywasthelasthopeandsalvationofItaly,andthatthe
AllieswerefiendsandmurdererswhowoulddestroyEuropeancivilization.

Genuine10lireAlliedMilitaryGovernment(AMG)

10lireAlliedMilitaryGovernment(AMG)parody
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Onepropagandaleafletwasafacsimileofthe10lireAlliedMilitaryGovernment(AMG)
occupationcurrencyforItaly.Theparodyimitatesabanknotethatwasproducedbythe
ForbesLithographCorporationofBoston,MA,underdirectionoftheUnitedStates
Government.Thegenuinenoteis78x66mm,tanonthefaceandblueontheback.The
parodyis150x125mm,brownonbothfaceandback.Thefacsimileisaphotographic
reproduction,withserialnumberA62000770A.Itopenstoshowalongpropagandamessage
inItalian:
Afewdaysaftertheinfamous8thofSeptember,theGermanmilitaryauthorities
orderedthecirculationinItalyofacertainnumberofoccupationmarks.Thisstep,
takenatamomentofspecialandjustifiedtension,wasconsideredbyeveryoneasa
limitationplacedonthefinancialautonomyofthegovernmentandasareasonfor
seriousinternalmonetaryimbalance.WhenIlDucewasfreed,theItalianstatewas
reconstitutedasarepublic,thealliancewithGermanywasreconfirmedandthe
distributionofmarkswasrevoked.ThenewItalyreacquired,inthismostdelicate
matter,itsfreedomofaction:aconditionindispensabletobeabletocontinue,asa
protectionforworkersofeveryclass,thestrongdefenseoftheliraagainstthedanger
ofinflation.IntheprovincesofsouthernandcentralItalythe"Liberators"arrived.
Theywantedtofreeusfromeverything:evenfromthefreedomtocoinmoneyand
distributeitinwhateverquantitynecessarytofacetheextraordinarycosts
attributabletoastateofwar.TheAlliedCommandputmillionsandmillionsof
OccupationLiraintocirculation,whichItalianshadtoacceptiftheydidn'twantto
dieofstarvation.
DuringthosedaystheAmericansboughtagreatnumberofworksofart,whichused
togracesomeofthepreciouscollectionsofRomeandFlorence.Withwhatwerethey
paidfor?WithOccupationLire.AfactoryinNaplesmanufacturedaerialbombs,
whichwereusedtodroponourhomes.Withwhatwerethebrotherspaid,our
brothersforcedbytheliberatorstopreparethearmsofdestruction?WithOccupation
Lire.
Thesocalledmonarchialgovernmentnolongerhadanycontroloverthecirculation
ofmoney.InwholeregionsofItalythathadbeeninvaded,pricesincreasedata
dizzyingpace,andwiththeprices,poverty.Whatdifferencediditmake?TheAllies
offeredustheusualjoyofseeingprintedontheirbillswhichtheydistributed,the
appealingpromisesoffreedom:
Freedomofspeech
Freedomofreligion
Freedomfromseizure
Freedomfromterrorism
TheseareinfactthewordsprintedintheEnglishlanguageonthebackofthebills,
ofwhichwereproduce,enlarged,atenliresample.
Theleafletisdated30January1945,the12thanniversaryofHitler'sascensiontopower.It
waspreparedbytheNucleoPropaganda,("PropagandaCenter")andcodedinRoman
numerals"XXIII."ThementionofSeptember8thatthestartofthemessageisinregardto
theItaliansurrendertoAlliedforcesat1830onthatdatein1943.Itiscuriousthatthe
GermansclaimthattheAmericansaretakingawayItalysartobjects.TheGermanswere
cratingandstealingartalloverEuropetobeplacedinHitlersproposedGermanartcenter
inLinz.

France
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ArmyPaymasterpayingsoldierwithAlliedMilitaryGovernment(AMG)occupationnotes
TheGermansalsoimitatedthe5francsAlliedMilitaryGovernmentoccupationnotefor
France.OnceagainForbesLithographCorporationofBostonproducedthesenotes.The
militarynoteswereimportantfortheAmericansbecausetheydidnotwantUnited
Statesbanknotestobeavailabletotheenemyinthewarzone.Thesemilitarynotescouldonly
beusedlocallysoithelpedtheAlliedtokeepsomecontrolovertheireconomy.Thebanknotes
werepreparedaheadoftimeandbroughtashoreonDDaybytheliberatingAmericanforces.
Theywereprintedindenominationsof2francsto5,000francs.
TheAMGnoteswerecontroversial.GeneralDeGaullecomplainedthattheAmericanswere
interferingwithFrenchinternalaffairsandwentsofarastocalltheAmericanmilitaryfrancs
counterfeitmoney.Theywerealsoforgedextensivelybybothlocalciviliansandlateritis
alleged,inthecaseofGermanoccupationmarks,byAmericasSovietallies.
Atpresent,elevendifferentpropagandaleafletsareknownthatdepictthisnote.Twoarein
theformofthe5francbanknoteandopentoshowantiAlliedpropaganda.Theothernine
areleafletsthatshowtheAMGcurrencyeitherincolororblackandwhite.

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5francsAlliedMilitaryGovernmentoccupationnote
Onthetwobanknoteparodies,frontsandbacksareidenticaltothefaceandbackofthe
genuinenote.Theyareinfullcolorwiththeserialnumber34417499.Asecondversionofthe
Liberationbanknoteleafletexistswiththeserialnumber15701385.Thebanknoteleaflet
unfoldstodisplaypropagandamessagesinside.Bothofthepropagandabanknotesare76x
67mm.Whenopenedtoexposethemessages,thesizeofeachleafletis152x67mm.
TheFrenchlanguagepropagandamessagesare:
ThisnoteofInvasion...
Thisnoteofinvasion,whoguaranteesit?NeitheraState,norabank,nora
signature.Nooneisresponsibleinanyway.Itisapieceofpaperwithoutvalue!A
Jewishswindlepureandsimple.WhydotheAngloAmericansputthemin
circulationifnottorobtheFrenchoftheirbelongings?ToexploitandruinFrance
byanymeans.Thelie:IssuedinFrance.Thetruth:toswindletheFrenchwiththis
falsemoney.Whydon'ttheypaywiththeirdollarsandtheirpounds?
TheLiberation...
TheliberationmeansfortheAngloAmericans:tomassacretheFrench,todestroy
theircitiesbybombing,toravagetheircountryside,tomobilizetheirchildrento
makecannonfodderofthem,toswindletheFrenchwithinvasionnoteswithouta
singleguaranteeofvalue.Theswindleisprovedbytheseinvasionnoteswhichare
notguaranteedbyanyone,notbytheState,notbythebank,notbyasignature,not
byaresponsiblepersonofanysort.Itisjustapieceofpaper!Thewholeworldcan
useitinanyway.ToallthesecrimestheAngloAmericansnowaddthisswindleto
completelyruinFrance.
TheremainingnineleafletsbearphotographsoftheFrenchAlliedMilitaryGovernment
(AMG)currency.Inmostcasesthemessagesaresimilartothoseonthebanknoteparodies.
Theleafletsarefoundonalowgradepaper.Mostareinblackandwhite,thoughsomeshow
thebanknotesinfullcolor.Webrieflyidentifyeachleaflet.
ThefaceoftheleafletdepictsfrontandbackofAMGcurrency.Serialnumber34417465.Title
"Regardezcebillet"("Lookatthisnote").Messageonbackbegins"EmisenFrance!"
("IssuedinFrance").Size190x260mm.Blackandwhite.

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ThefaceoftheleafletdepictsfrontandbackofAMGcurrency.Serialnumber34417465.Title
"LesAngloAmericains"("TheAngloAmericans").Messageonbackstarts"Trahiea
Dunkerque."("BetrayalatDunkirk")Size190x260mm.Blackandwhite.

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ThefaceoftheleafletdepictsfrontandbackofAMGcurrencyincolor.Serialnumber
34417411.Titleonfront,"LesAngloAmericans"("TheAngloAmericans").Messageonback
insideasmall93x72mmbox"TrahieaDunkerque,"("BetrayalatDunkirk").Size154x
238mm.Color.

ThefaceoftheleafletdepictsfrontandbackofAMGcurrency.Serialnumber05703956.Title
"RegardezceBillet"("Lookatthisnote").Messageonbackstarts"EmiseenFrance."
("IssuedinFrance").Sizel67x218mm.Blackandwhite.
ThefaceoftheleafletdepictsfrontandbackofAMGcurrency.Serialnumber05703956.Title
onfront,"LesAngloAmericans"("TheAngloAmericans").Messageonback"Trahiea
Dunkerque,"("BetrayalatDunkirk").Size167x218mm.Blackandwhite.
ThefaceoftheleafletshowsfrontandbackofAMGcurrencypartiallyoverlapping.Serial
number05703914.Title"RegardezceBillet"("Lookatthisnote").Backtext"Trahiea
Dunkerque,"("BetrayalatDunkirk").TheleafletcodeisSW28,whichindicatesthatitwas
printedbytheGermanpropagandaagencySkorpionWest.Size133x198mm.Somecolor.
ThefaceoftheleafletshowsfrontandbackofAMGcurrency.Serialnumber12396971.Title
"RegardezceBillet"("Lookatthisnote").Size76x67mm,unfoldingto152x67mm.Color.
ThefaceoftheleafletshowsthefrontofAMGcurrency.Serialnumber34417459.Title
"Francais!Voicilargentdelaliberacion!"("Frenchmen!Lookatthecostof
liberation!").Size115x140mm.Blackandwhite.Ninelinesoftextonback.

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Francais!
ThefaceoftheleafletshowsthefrontofAMGcurrency.Serialnumber34417459.Title
"Francais!Voicilargentdelaliberacion!"("Frenchmen!Lookatthecostof
liberation!").Similartoaboveexcepttextissmallsanseriffont.Size115x140mm.Black
andwhite.Eightlinesoftextonback.
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ThegenuineAMGbanknotesforFrancehadbeenbitterlyopposedbyGeneralCharles
DeGaulle.HeconsideredthemausurpationofFrenchsovereigntybytheAlliesandhehad
theFrenchProvisionalGovernmentinAlgiersdeclarethatthecurrencywasworthless
because"traditionallytherightofissuingcurrencyhasbelongedtothenationalauthorityin
Francealone."ItispossiblethatDeGaulle'scomplaintledtotheGermanattackontheAMG
notes.
Theearliestreporteduseoftheseleafletsis23June1944,just17daysaftertheinvasionof
France.Oneofthelarge"RegardezceBillet"typeswasfoundonthegroundatBoisde
Viroflay.Theseleafletsareanexcellentuseoftacticalpropaganda,preparedinthefield
withindaysoffirstseeingtheAlliedcurrencyanddeterminingthatitwasavulnerablearea
forattack.
ThatcompletesourlookattheGermanparodiesofUnitedStatesbanknotesandAllied
MilitaryGovernmentbanknotes.AMGandbanknotes.

Denmark

The5KronerDanishNaziPartyPropagandaBanknote
FromtimetotimeasetoffourDanishbanknotesbearingvariousNazisymbolsareoffered
forsale.Thenotesareverycolorfulandhandsomeandhavesoldforsubstantialamounts.The
problemisthattheyareprobablynotbanknotes.
ThenotesallhavethewordsFaedrelandet(TheFatherland)onthefrontalongwithvarious
vignettes.ThebacksareidenticalandallhaveswastikasandSSrunes.Thereisreasonto
believethebanknoteswereissuedinmid1942bytheDanishNaziParty(Danmarks
NationalSocialistiskeArbejderParti)tosupporttheirnewspaperFaedrelandet,oras
fundraisers,orpossiblytobeusedtopayPartyduesortobeusedinacanteenatDanishNazi
partyheadquartersinCopenhagen.ThreeDaneswerearrestedandfinedinSeptember1942
forproducingthesecurrencypieces.TheyareCarlBernhardNielsen,CEOofFaedrelandet,
CarlHenryThomsen,anemployeeofthenewspaperandClausAlfredLanggaardNielsen,
propagandaheadoftheDanishNaziParty.
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Thedenominationsare50ore(serialnumbersinthe10,000s)and1,2and5kroner(serial
numbersinthe20,000s,30,000sand40,000s).The50oresymbolizesyouthanddepictstwo
membersoftheYoungNaziPartyfoundedbyvonSchalburg,alocalfascistherowhohad
foughtagainsttheSovietsandwaseventuallykilledontheEasternFront.The1kronedepicts
asmilingsoldierandSSruinsathissides.The2kronerhonorstheworkeranddepictsa
farmerworkingthefields.The5kronershowsaheroicsoldierwearingaGermanstyle
helmetwithSSrunes.Thetextbeneathallthevignettesis:
ForDenmarkshonor,freedomandright
Wedontknowmuchaboutthesetsthatcameonthemarketbutallegedly100completesets
showedupinthelate1980s.ThecurrencyexpertC.M.Nielsenboughtasetin1988for$210.
Theythendisappeareduntilabout1992whentheysuddenlyappearedagain,thistimeoffered
for$600.ByOctober1993aDanishdealerasked$1788fortheset,and$1200fora
misregisterederror1kronenote.

TheBackofaGenuineBanknote

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TheBackofaReproductionBanknote
Notethestatementverticallyattheright:
ReproductionofW.W.IIPropagandaNotefromDenmark.
However,by1993highqualityreproductionswerealreadyonthemarketallegedlyproduced
intheUnitedStatesandtheWashingtonStatedealerBillHendersonofferedasouvenirsetof
thecopiesfor$5.Thereproductionsbearthetextonthebackinverticalformatandvery
ornatelettering:ReproductionofW.W.IIPropagandaNotefromDenmark.Theletteringis
soornateandlookssomuchlikethegenuinetextonthenotethatunlessyoulookatit
carefullyitappearstobeapartofanoriginalnote.

GreatBritain
TheGermanswerealsobusypreparingpropagandaagainstotherAlliedNations.Their
propagandistspreparedmillionsofparodiesoftheBritishonepoundnote.
TheLondonDailyMirrorof17April1943hadaheadlinethatread:"Germanplanesbomb
Cairowithfakeonepoundnotes."Thestorystatedthat"EgyptiansandArabswalkingthe
streetsofAlexandriaorCairohavesometimespickedupwhatatfirstsightwasanEnglish
onepoundnote.Butonturningitovertheyhavefoundthatitisaworthlessreproduction,
withaGermanpropagandamessagewritteninArabic.Thesenoteshavebeendroppedinthe
EgyptiantownsfromGermanaircraftinanattempttolowerthestandingoftheBritish
currencyamongthepopulation.Oneofthesepropagandaonepoundnoteswassenttothe
DailyMirrorbythewifeofaHighlanderservinginNorthAfrica,whohadencloseditinone
ofhislettershome.
R.G.Aucklandquotedtheunknownsoldier'sletterinmoredetailinhisbookletAirdropped
PropagandaCurrency,1972edition.AccordingtoAuckland,theletterreadinpart:"Hereisa
funnyonepoundnotewhichIpickedupinthestreetsofAlexandriaafteraGermanairraid
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onthecity.Ihaveheardthatothersoldiersalsopickedupsomeoftheseworthless
reproductionsinotherplaces,too."
Yearslater,theLondonDailyExpressranasimilarstoryon20November1972.Whena
readerwrotetoaskabouttherarityandvalueofthepropagandabanknotes,GordonWilkes,
the"Letters"editorstated:"Iamsorrytodisappointyou,butthesepoundnotesarequite
commonandhundredsofreadershavewrittenortelephonedtosaythattheyownone."
Ihaveseenafileofsuchlettersandquotefromseveral:
FromColchester:"Ifoundhundredsoftheseduringourstintinthedesert.Iwasamechanic
in238SquadronoftheRoyalAirForcefromSeptember1940untilourwithdrawalin
December1943.WefoundthenotesinashotdownJunkers88.1believeitwasatFukaorEl
Ademaerodrome...Ibroughtatleastahundredofthemhome...Ourchildrenplayedwith
themasmonopolymoneyuntiltheywerethrownaway."
ALondonerwrites:"ThiswastakenatDabaAirfieldin1942.TheywereintendedforEgypt."
FromBexleyheath:"ItookoneofthemfromacapturedGermanaircraftwhileservinginthe
MiddleEastin1942."
FromSouthendonSea:"IpickeduponeoutsideofAlexandriasoonafteroneofthe
propagandaraids.IknowthatsomeoftheladsintheR.A.F.unitIwaswithatthetimealso
pickedupsome."
Therearealsonumerouspublishedreferencestothesebanknotes.GarryMarsh,writinginhis
bookSandinMySpinach,statesthatuponenteringRommelsadvancedairbaseatElFuqain
November1942,"Whiletheotherswerenosingaroundtoseewhatelsewasthere,Iwent
outsideandsawawoodenboxaboutsixfeetlongandthreefeethigh.Itriedtoopenitbutit
wasfirmlypadlocked.IshoutedawarningthatIwasgoingtofireashotortwo,inorderto
savetheirnerves,andblewthelockoff.WhenIopeneditIcouldscarcelybelievemyeyes.It
waspackedstiffwithonepoundnotes.Theremusthavebeenamillion...Thegreylightof
dawnwasnowtakingonthetruelightoftheday,andinsodoingthenoteslookedan
unfamiliargreencolorthatmademyspiritsdrop.Theywerestumers,therewasnodoubt
aboutit.Unhappilyweexaminedthemcloser,andturningoneoversawonthebackamessage
writteninArabic."
OtherwrittenreferencesindicatethattheGermanparodieswereorderedburnt,butmany
Britishsoldierswereseenfillingtheirpocketswithsouvenirsatthelastmoment.
ItiscommonknowledgethattheGermansproducedmillionsoftheseBritishonepoundnotes
foruseinNorthAfrica.Whatisnotcommonlyknownisthattheywereimitationsoftwo
differentBritishissues.AtleastthreedifferentArablanguagemessagesareknownonthe
back.

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GenuineBritish1poundnote

GermanparodyofBritish1poundwithArabictext
ThefirstGermanparodyoftheBritishpoundappearstobeanimitationofthe194048pink
andblueonepoundnote.TheWehrmachtpropagandasection(OKW/WPr)producedan
imitationingreen,serialnumberH86D729630,signed"Peppiatt."Foryearsitwasbelieved
thatthiswasacopyoftheBritishgreenonepoundnote.However,closeexaminationofthe
backgroundindicatesadiamondpatternatthetopandbottomthatisfoundonthepinkand
bluenote.TheGermansapparentlyprintedthisparodyinthewrongcolor.
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AllevidencepointstotheLuftwaffedroppingthesenotesinNovemberandDecemberof1942
overa200mileareaofNorthernEgyptthatincludedCairo,AlexandriaandElAlamein.On
thebackisthefollowingelevenlinemessageinArabic:
SignsofDisintegration.Ifyouinspectthisbanknote,youwillrememberthetime
whenitwasworthtentimesitspresentvalueinbrightshinygold.Thatwasbecause
atthattimethestrengthandrichesofthemightyBritishEmpiresupportedsuch
notes.Butthatgreatnessisfadingasisthevalueofthisworthlesspieceofpaper.
Whatisthisnoteworthtoday?Youcertainlyknowtheanswertothat.Witheach
passingdayofthisBritishinspiredwar,thestrengthoftheEmpireisdepleted.Each
battlethatEnglandlosescausesafurtherweakeningoftheircurrency.Theday
drawsnearwheneventhebeggarsinthestreetwillrefusetheBritishbanknote,even
asagift.Truly,AllahwillsthecollapseofBritain,whichwillsurelycometopass.
SometranslatorshavestatedthattheArabicispoorlywrittenandthenotecontainsboth
typographicalandgrammaticalerrors.OneArabscholarwhostudiedthenotesaid"While
notfulloferrors,itisdefinitelywritteninastilted,dictionarystylethatwouldnotbeexpected
fromanArab.Thereareafewoutrighterrors,andsomedanglingexpressions.Thestyleis
schoolbookratherthancolloquialorfluent."TherearerumorsthatBritish"Tommies"
passedthesenotesinEgyptianbazaarsuntiltheArabshopkeeperscaughton.
Ishouldmakeoneotherinterestingpointaboutthisbanknoteleaflet.In2013,Ireceiveda
letterfromthesonofaSouthAfricanAirForceveteranwhohadservedinNorthAfrica.He
hadfoundthisleafletinhisfatherspapersandwrotetotheBankofEnglandtofindoutwhat
itwas.Hetoldme:
IwrotetotheBankofEngland.TheyreferredmetoyourwebsitewhereIfoundyour
articleabouttheWWIIpropagandanotes.
So,apparentlytheBankofEnglandusesmyarticlesasareferencesource.Ifindthat
fascinating.
ThesecondGermanparodyofaonepoundnotecametolightalmosttwentyyearsafterthe
warwhenaformerBritishofficerstated:
IpickedupcurrencyleafletsinTunisiaintheareaoftheMarethLine(Gabes/Sfax)
inApril1943.Thesuccessofthedropwasobviouslynegligible,atleastasfarasthe
Britishwereconcerned.WeneverusedEnglishcurrency,butthatofthecountrywe
werein.Egyptianmoneywasused,asfarasIcanrecollect,wellintoCyrenaica,also
theBritishMilitaryAdministrationnotesthatwere,aftertheinitialsuspiciousphase,
readilyacceptedbythelocalArabpopulation.
Thisofficerbroughtbackseveralcopiesoftheonepoundnotes,aswellasGermanparodiesof
UnitedStates$2and$10noteswithidenticalmessagesthatwereairdroppedatthesame
time.

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Genuine1poundBanknoteof192848
SincethebattleforTunisiaoccurredafterthebattleofEgypt,thisnoteshouldbealater
variety.However,acloseinvestigationofthebackgroundshowsthatithasthesamewavyline
engravingasthegenuinegreenBritishonepoundnoteof192848.Inotherwords,the
WehrmachtparodiedanearlierBritishnoteandinthepropercolor,exceptfortheserial
numberwhichiscopiedingreeninsteadoftheredofthegenuinecurrency.Itistherefore
possiblethatthisnotewasproducedfirst.Theymighthavesetupforgreenparodiesandused
thesameinkswhentheycopiedthepinkandbluenote.Nodocumentaryevidenceexistsand
thereaderwillhavetodrawhisownconclusionsfromthesecomments.

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The11LinepropagandaText
ThissecondvarietyofpoundnotehastheserialnumberC78A419669andisonceagainsigned
"Peppiatt."Thisnoteisadeepergreenandfarmorestrikinginappearancethanthefirst
parody.TheelevenlineArabicmessagereads:
ToourBrother,theMoslem:
ThenotedepictedisthatwithwhichtheBritishandAmericansseektoenslavethe
world.Remember,OhMoslembrother,thatthebloodofyourbrethrenhasflowed
likeriversinordertoincreasethefortunesoftheserobbingoverlordswhospongeon
thelandsofAllahandhisfaithfulfollowers.Lookatthecurrenteventsandthose
whichhaveoccurredinallareasofIslamunderthedisastrousoccupationofthe
AngloAmericans.Thisisanauspicioustimeforrapidactiontosalvagewhatisleft.
JointhosewhohaverevoltedagainsttheAngloAmericans,hatedenemiesofIslam.
Youwillsecurenotonlyyourownlives,butalsothoseofyourchildren.Allah
supportsyouandwillshieldyoufromdangerindrivingofftheJewishoccupation
whichhasbeensuckingyourlifebloodandcontrollingthelandsofIslam.

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NinelineBritishPoundparodyinArabic
AsecondArabicmessageexistsontheC78A419669varietyofonepoundnote.Itsnineline
messagereads:
MuslimsofNorthAfrica:
ThetimehascomeforyoutofightthecriminalAngloAmericansandtheiragents,
theJews.Announceyourrevoltagainstthem.Fightthem.Don'tletthemachieve
theirgoals.Denyyourenemiesallhope.Theresultwillbethatyouhaveobeyedthe
commandmentsofAllahtheOmniscient.Youwillhaveliberatedthebelovednation
fromthosethieves.Remember,theAngloAmericanshateyoujustasmuchasthe
Jews.Bewareoftheirpropaganda.Don'ttrusttheirpromises.Donotbedeceivedby
themoneytheyoffertopayforyourhelp,orafterwardsyouandyourchildrenwillbe
giventotheJewsasspoilsofwar.
ItislikelythatthissecondmessagewasalsousedinTunisiainAprilof1943.TheNaziswere
infullretreat,havinglostSfaxonApril10th,theFaidPassonthe11thandSousseonthe
12th.ThesenoteswereverylikelyalastgaspattempttoswayArabpublicopinion.Amilitary
victorywasobviouslyoutofthequestion,buttheWehrmachtstillhopedthattheMuslim
populationcouldbeconvincedtoresisttheAlliedoccupation.
On7May1943,AlliedforcesoccupiedTunisandBizerte.On9MayGermanforcesfacingthe
U.S.IICorpssurrendered.Onthe16thGeneralAlexanderinformedPrimeMinister
Churchill:"Sir,itismydutytoreportthattheTunisianCampaignisover."
TheGermanpropagandacampaignutilizingpoundnoteswasnotover.Itappearsthatthey
wereabletosendtheplatesandinksacrosstheMediterraneanSeatoSicilyinthefinaldays
beforetheirtotalcollapse.ThevarietywithserialnumberC78A419669hasbeenfoundwith
Italianlanguagemessagesontheback.ThereareatotalofeightdifferentItalianlanguage
texts(I/11/8).WetranslatedthemessagesaboveinthesectionontheU.S.$10banknote
parodies.

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German1PoundNotewithItalianLanguageMessageI/5onback
TheAngloAmericanbombers
TheItalianlanguagetextsIhavediscoveredontheonepoundnotesareI/1,I/4andI/5.
Althoughnotyetreported,itislikelythatalleightmessageswereprinted.Wehavenoproof
atpresentwheretheseonepoundnotesweredisseminated,butthemessagesareidenticalto
thosefoundonU.S.$2notesandU.S.$10notesdroppedoverSicily,sowecanassumethatthe
onepoundnoteswerealsousedthere.

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Onepoundparody
Dr.BozidarPokrajcicillustratedanallegedpropagandaparodyofBritishcurrencyinhis
bookletPaperMoneyoftheYugoslavLiberationMovements,Sarajevo,1971.Heshowsaone
poundnotewithserialnumberA10A632732.Pokrajcicdescribesthenote:
BritishonepoundbanknoteleafletwhichnotedthelandingofAlliedforcesinItaly,
droppedfromAmericanFlyingFortressesaboveSarajevo,1943.Thepaperisthick
andwhite.Thefaceofthenotehasleafgreenprint,serialnumberandthetextWe
bringyoufreedominredprint.Size19.1x11cm.
Thebackofthenotehasblackandredprint.ItshowsBritish,Americanand
RussianflagsstuckintoamapofSicily,Calabrion,ApuliaandCampania.Thered
print(incursive)reads:"Youhavetherighttolearnwhatsortoffreedomweall
intendtobring.WewillexplainittoyouonthebasisoftheItalianexamplewhere
thesharpanddecisiveadvanceofourtroopsinItalyhasbeenguidedbythe
principle,"ItalytotheItalians."Withoutanysortofalieninterference,the
exhaustedItalianpeoplemustagaintakeitsowndestinyintoitsownhands
Dr.Pokrajcicwaswrong.Thiswasnotabanknoteleaflet.Americanbombersdidnotdropit.
ItwasactuallythefirstpageofatenpageGerman"black"booklet.Theotherpageswould
havebeeneasilyidentifiedasGermanpropaganda,sincetheydepictinsultingcaricaturesof
Jews,Negroes,unemployedworkers,capitalistsandotherimagesthattheNazisthought
wouldenragetheYugoslavpeople.
TheoriginalbookletisonfileinBelgrade,Yugoslavia,coded35/3/67/E.Documentationinthe
GermanArchivesinFreiburgindicatesthatthebookletwasproduced
byPropagandaabteilungSudost,StaffelKroatien(PropagandaSectionSoutheast,Croatian
Detachment).ItisbelievedthattheLuftwaffedroppedthemoverSarajevosometimein1943.
Thecurrencyvignetteappearsonthecoverofthisbookletandthatwouldseemtoexplainits
mistakenidentityasabanknote.Pokrajcicobviouslysawafirstpagethathadbeentornoffas
asouvenir.

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