Chapter 2-Research Methods & Statistics

Name: _______________________________ Date: _________________ Period: _______________

Instructions: Select the correct answer from the pair provided, then PRINT the correct answer in the
blank provided.
1. Overestimating how much others may agree with our own beliefs is called
__________________________________. False Consensus Effect/Hindsight Bias.
2. The group of individuals, in an experiment that does not receive the independent variable is the
____________________ group. Control/Experiment
3. A ________________ variable is one that has unwanted influence on the experiment.
Confounding/Dependent/Indepent/Placebo
4. When subjects are chosen for an experiment based on preexisting conditions, it is a
________________________ study. Double-blind/Ex Post Facto/Single-blind
5. _________________ bias is when the researcher lets his own beliefs impact the experiment.
Expectancy/Hindsight/Participant/Personal.
6. When a person says I knew that all along after the outcome has occurred, it is known as
_____________________________ bias. Expectancy/Hindsight/Participant/Personal
7. The instructions that tell the researcher how to measure an event is the
_____________________________________. Frequency Distribution/Observational
Definition/Placebo
8. A study in which both the researcher and the participants do not know what the results is
anticipated to be is a _______________________ study. Double-blind/Single-blind
9. When you divide the sum of the scores by the number of scores, you are determining the
___________ score. Mean/Median/Mode
10. _____________________% of scores fall within 1 standard deviation of mean on a normal curve.
33/66/88
11. Correlations __________________ show cause & effect. Can/Cannot
12. A statistical term describing the difference between the highest and lowest scores is the
________________________ Mean/Mode/Range/Z Score
13. The idea that the outcome has less than a 5% chance of being due to chance is called
_____________________________________. Line of Best Fit/Statistical Significance/Positive
Skew

14. ________________________ is a set of procedures used to describe characteristics and responses

of groups of subjects. Descriptive Statistics/Inferential Statistics
15. Procedures used to assess whether results are reliable or the result of chance are called
____________________________ Descriptive Statistics/Inferential Statistics
16. A graphical image of correlation scores is called a _____________________________ Frequency
distribution/Scatterplot/Z Score
17. An observation that is numerically distant from the rest of the data is known as a
____________________________________ Outlier/P Score/Regression Line

Matching Instructions: Match the definition with the Research Method. WRITE the letter in the
blank provided.
18. _____ A group is followed for a long
time
19. _____ Cross section of population
studied at one time
20. _____ Investigates one person
21. _____ Manipulate IV under controlled
conditions
22. _____ Observation under natural
circumstances
23. _____ Obtain large amounts of data at
one time
24. _____ Random Assignment isnt possible
25. _____ Specific part of population
followed for a short time

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
F)
G)
H)

Case Study
Cohort-Sequential Study
Cross-Sectional Study
Experiment
Longitudinal Study
Naturalistic Observation
Quasi-Experiment
Survey Method

(Continue on next page)

Matching Instructions: Match the Definition with the research term. WRITE the letter in the blank
provided
26. _____ A treatment given to the control
group that resembles the treatment given
to the experimental group.
27. _____ Assignment to experimental group
based on chance
28. _____ Group of subjects selected through
chance
29. _____ Individuals selected because they
have certain characteristics within the
population (age, gender, etc.)
30. _____ Prediction of how 2 factors will be
related
31. _____ The behavior measured in an
experiment
32. _____ The entire group which
researchers are hoping to generalize to
33. _____ The factor manipulated in an
experiment

34. _____ When people work harder because

they know they are being tested
35. _____ When the subjects belief in the
outcome influences the outcome
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
I.
J.

Dependent variable
Hawthorne Effect
Hypothesis
Independent variable
Placebo
Placebo Effect
Population
Random Assignment
Random Sampling
Representative Sampling

Key-Chapter 2 Vocab
1. False Consensus Effect
2. Control
3. Confounding
4. Ex Post Facto
5. Expectancy
6. Hindsight
7. Observational Definition
8. double
9. mean
10. 66
11. cannot
12. range
13. statistical significance
14. Descriptive
15. Inferential
16. scatterplot
17. outlier
18. E
19. C
20. A
21. D
22. F
23. H
24. G
25. B
26. E
27. H
28. I
29. J
30. C
31. A
32. G
33. D
34. B
35. F