Rangkuman Materi Bahasa Inggris

Semester 1
I.

PRONOUN
Pronoun dalam bahasa Indonesia yaitu kata ganti. Kata ganti terdiri
dari SAYA, KAMU, DIA, KAMI, KITA, dan MEREKA. Ya intinya seperti itu
lah, gue copas dari web.

Aku
Kamu
Dia (cowo)
Dia (cewe)
Hewan/ben

1
I
You
He
She
It

2
Me
You
Him
Her
It

3
My
Your
His
Her
Its

da
Kita/kami
Mereka

We
They

Us
Them

Our
Their

Udah tau cara masukinnya di kalimat blom gengs?

1. We are going to the zoo.
Dipakenya di depan, sebagai subjek.
2. Tia always calls them.
Dipakenya di belakang, sebagai objek.
3. Her shirt is dirtier than mine.
Pokoknya buat nunjukin kepunyaan.
Jangan lupa ya bahwa [ Its ] dan [ Its ] itu tidak sama.

II.

TENSES
1) Simple Present

2)

3)

4)

5)

6)

7)

Rumus:
(+) s + v1 + o
She eats pizza every day.
(-) s + do/does + not + v1 + o
She does not eat pizza every day.
(?) Do/does + s + v1 + o + ?
Does she eat pizza every day?
Present Continuous
Rumus:
(+) s + is/am/are + v-ing + o
She is eating pizza right now.
(-) s + is/am/are + not + v-ing + o
She is not eating pizza right now.
(?) Is/am/are + s + v-ing + o + ?
Is she eating pizza right now?
Present Perfect
Rumus:
(+) s + have/has + v3 + o
She has eaten the whole pizza.
(-) s + have/has + not + v3 + o
She has not eaten the whole pizza.
(?) Have/has + s + v3 + o + ?
Has she eaten the whole pizza?
Present Perfect Continuous
Rumus:
(+) s + have/has + been + v-ing + o
She has been eating the whole pizza.
(-) s + have/has + not + been + v-ing + o
She has not been eating the whole pizza.
(?) Have/has + s + been + v-ing + o + ?
Has she been eating the whole pizza?
Simple Past
Rumus:
(+) s + v2 + o
She ate pizza yesterday.
(-) s + did + not + v2 + o
She did not eat pizza yesterday.
(?) Did + s + v1 + o + ?
Did she eat pizza yesterday?
Past Continuous
Rumus:
(+) s + was/were + v-ing + o
She was eating pizza when I arrived.
(-) s + was/were + not + v-ing + o
She was not eating pizza when I arrived.
(?) Was/were + s + v-ing + o + ?
Was she eating pizza when I arrived?
Past Perfect
Rumus:

(+) s + had + v3 + o
She had eaten the whole pizza.
(-) s + had + not + v3 + o
She had not eaten the whole pizza.
(?) Had + s + v3 + o + ?
Had she eaten the whole pizza?
8) Past Perfect Continuous
Rumus:
(+) s + had + been + v-ing + o
She had been eating the whole pizza.
(-) s + had + not + been + v-ing + o
She had not been eating the whole pizza.
(?) Had + s + been + v-ing + o + ?
Had she been eating the whole pizza?
9) Simple Future
Rumus:
(+) s + will + v1 + o
She will eat pizza tonight.
(-) s + will + not + v1 + o
She will not eat pizza tonight.
(?) Do/does + s + v1 + o + ?
Will she eat pizza tonight?
10)
Future Continuous
Rumus:
(+) s + will be + v-ing + o
She will be eating pizza tonight.
(-) s + will + not + be + v-ing + o
She will not be eating pizza tonight.
(?) Will + s + be + v-ing + o + ?
Will she be eating pizza tonight?
11)
Future Perfect
Rumus:
(+) s + will have + v3 + o
She will have eaten the whole pizza.
(-) s + will have + not + v3 + o
She will have not eaten the whole pizza.
(?) Will + s + have + v3 + o + ?
Will she have eaten the whole pizza?
12)
Future Perfect Continuous
Rumus:
(+) s + will have + been + v-ing + o
She will have been eating the whole pizza.
(-) s + will have + not + been + v-ing + o
She will have not been eating the whole pizza.
(?) Will + s + have + been + v-ing + o + ?
Will she have been eating the whole pizza?
Jadi intinya kalo present ya di masa sekarang, verb nya v1 yang biasa.

Kalo past ya masa lampau masa lalu udh lewat, verb nya v2. Is/am/are nya
berubah jadi was/were karena di masa lampau.
Future ya masa depan, verb nya biasa tapi di kalimat ada kata will/shall/going to
dll. Ga perlu pake (is/am/are).
Kalimat simple itu ya yang simple wkwk.
Continuous itu
berlangsung.

yang

verb

nya

pake

ing,

karena

kegiatannya

sedang

Perfect itu yang pake have/has, pake had kalo lampau. Verb nya pake v3.
Kalo Perfect Continuous berarti di kalimatnya ada have/has/had been verbing.
Jadiii kalo nentuin jenis kalimat gausah bingung lagi, tinggal inget inget aja kata
kuncinya.

III.

PASSIVE AND ACTIVE

Tense
Simple Present
Present Continuous

Active

Passive

Tia writes the letter.

Tia is writing the letter.

The letter is written by Tia.

The letter is being written by

Tia has written the letter.

Tia.
The letter has been written

Tia has been writing the letter.

by Tia.
The letter has been being

Continuous
Simple Past

Fafa repaired the car.

written by Tia.
The car was repaired by Fafa.

Past Continuous

Fafa was repairing the car.

The car was being repaired

Past Perfect

Fafa had repaired the car.

by Fafa.
The car had been repaired by

Past Perfect

Fafa had been repairing the

Fafa.
The car had been being

Continuous
Simple Future

letter.
Nadien will draw that house.

repaired by Fafa.
That house will be drawn by

Future Continuous

Nadien will be drawing that

Nadien.
That house will be being

Future Perfect

house.
Nadien will have drawn that

drawn by Nadien.
That house will have been

Future Perfect

house.
Nadien will have been drawing

drawn by Nadien.
That house will have been

Continuous

that house.

being drawn by Nadien.

Present Perfect
Present Perfect

Buat yang masih bingung

o
o
o
o
o
o

Subjek I itu pake Am.

Subjek You/They/We mereka pake Are.
Subjek He/She/It mereka pake Is.
Subjek I/You/They/We mereka pake Do.
Subjek He/She/It mereka pake Does.
Untuk kalimat present, subjek I/You/They/We mereka pake verb1

(go, walk, draw, eat, drink, etc.)

o Untuk kalimat present, subjek He/She/It mereka pake verb1 juga
tapi ditambahin s atau -es (goes, walks, draws, eats, drinks,
etc.) itu dari does oke gengs diingat ya.
o Untuk kalimat past, semua subjek pake verb2 (went, walked,
drew, drank, etc.) jangan lupa pake Was/Were atau Hadbuat
kalimat perfect.
o Untuk kalimat future, semua subjek pake verb1 (go, walk, draw,
eat, drink, etc.) jangan lupa pake Will/Shall/(to be) going to.
o Untuk kalimat continuous, semua subjek pake verb1 ditambahin
ing (going, walking, drawing, drinking, etc.) jangan lupa pake
Is/Am/Are atau beenbuat kalimat perfect.
o Kalo untuk kalimat negative yang subjeknya He/She/It, verb nya
gausah ditambahin
-s atau -es lagi. Contoh [ She does not draw. ] bukan [ She does not
draws. ]
Isnt
Arent
Wasnt
Werent
Havent
Hasnt

Tujuan
Menberi selamat kepada seseorang
Generic structure
- receiver
Penerima congratulation card
- body

Hadnt
Wont
Wouldnt
Mustnt
Shant

Unsur: quote (kutipan yg sesuai dengan perisitwa), gambar,

expression (congratulations)
- sender
Nama pengirim
Contoh
Dear anny,
I heard that you've passed your final exam and got good grade.
Congratulations! You deserve it.
Sincerely, uncle tom