Chapter 25 Notes

Lazuardi Rinaldi
Unit 6
Accelerating Global Change and Realignments
Period Overview
During the 1900s, a scientific innovation occurred where people became more
healthier and live longer with the help of new medicines and surplus of food.
Yet it creates destruction, pollution, global warming in the world, with wars too
Russia, Japan, US, and EU were the strongest, especially with WWI and WWII
Many migraated and changed the demographics of countries
Economies of these countries became stronger and their implementation of
governing styles would change. Transnationalism becomes much apparent with cultural
diffusion
The World War I Era, 1900-1919
WWI is known as the Great War because of the scale and was from 1914 to
1918, weakening western europe and creating nationalism
Immediate Causes of the Great War
Assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand by Gavrilo Princip, a serbian and
Black Hand of Austro-Hungarian, started germany to ally to Austro Hungarian vs serbia
with Russia.
Long Term Causes of the Great War
Other causes is
Militarism

Aggressive military and armed forces creating wars

Alliances

Agreement to protect each countries, like the Triple

Entente of France, RUssia, and Britain
The Triple alliances of Austria, Germany, and Italy ,
and Ottoman became known as Central Powers
Imperialism
THe desire to conquer and dominate the world by
getting power and wealth
Nationalism
THe pride of country, and creates self
determination
Changes in Warfare
The war started and people using new technology like poison gas, machine
guns, airplanes, submarines, tanks, and trench warfare.
Trench warfare is a defensive style of fighting.
Central Powers and Allies fought for four years but it was a slatemate

United States Entrance into the War

US became apart of the Allies in 1917 when the Germans attacked Lusitania and
killed 100 of americans. THe zimmermann Telegram was when germany ask mexico for
alliance
The Russian Revolution
Good shortages and government instability made rebellions overthrow Tsar
Nicholas II in 1917, ending the Romanov dynasty.
The Government created the Soviet Russia where a huge part was given to
Germany and Communism starts
Total War
People used all they had and resources to win the war, and people used
propaganda to influence others feelings to help win.
A Global War
Most of the countries fighting owned parts of africa, asia, and americas. Japan
joined the war and the british took over German colonies in Africa.Arabs fought with the
allies.
Casualties of the War
Allies with US against Central Powers made germany surrender during Armistice
Day, November 11, 1918
8-9 million dies with 21 wounded. Many had been hurt and scars. Civilians death,
or atrocities, where from 8-13 milion, such as the Genocide of Armenians in Turkey
Influenza epidemic spread killing 20 million people. Known as the lost generation
Paris Peace Conference
US, UK, France, and Italy were the Big Four in the Paris Peace Conference.
SOviet union wasn't invited because they were communist.Woodrow WIlson want peace
without Victory.
Wilson created the Fourteen Points, and wanted a League of Nations,
1910 The Treaty of Versace made Germany pay billions for reparations because
they were the ones who started the war. Wilson tried to convince not to, but it didn't
work. This created the Weimar Government/Republik and no navy allowed. THis lead to
the Nazi revolution
Effects of the War
Economy ruse after selling weapons to the british. Colonize people slowly get
nationalism and decolonization started.
Mandate of systems in middle east took control of Ottoman Areas by Allies. Pan
Arabism started to occur.
1917 the Balfour Declaration made Palestine homes of Jews and Zionist by the
British Government.
In Japan, they got some spheres of influence in china, and the chinese
communist party occurred after the May Fourth Movement in 1919.
The First World War started at 1914 when Archduke Ferdinand was assassinated. Soon,
Germany became an ally to Austro Hungary, which was fighting against Serbia, but Serbia got

Russian backup, creating the start of the war. Other causes of the beginning of the war is due to
militarism, alliances, imperialism, and nationalism. During the war, fighters began to use new
technologies, such as submarines, airplanes, poison gas, machine guns, tanks, and trench
warfare.
Soon, the United States join the Allies in the war after Germany attacked Lusitania and
killed innocent americans, In Russia, the Romanov Dynasty fell and communism began to
spread greatly. Propaganda was used to improve the get people to join. Ultimately, 8-9 million
soldiers died, with up to 13 million civilians deceased, and another 20 million after the the
influenza epidemic.
In 1910, there was the Paris Peace Conference, but the Soviet Union was not invited.
The Treaty of Versailles agreed that Germany was the cause so they were forced to have a new
government and pay reparations. This will be the cause of why the Nazi empire started.
WWI made the economy of powerful nations, like US, really strong. Colonies started to
decolonize and Palestine was section for Jews in 1917. China soon became communist after
the May 4th Movement in 1919.