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Ontic
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Aristotle Aristotelianism

vte

In philosophy, ontic (from the Greek , genitive : "of that which is") is
physical, real, or factual existence.

"Ontic" describes what is there, as opposed to the nature or properties of that

being. To illustrate:
Roger Bacon, observing that all languages are built upon a common
grammar, stated that they share a foundation of ontically anchored
linguistic structures.
Martin Heidegger posited the concept of Sorge, or caring, as the
fundamental concept of the intentional being, and presupposed an
ontological significance that distinguishes ontological being from mere
"thinghood" of an ontic being. He uses the German word "Dasein" for a
being that is capable of ontology, that is, recursively comprehending
properties of the very fact of its own Being. For Heidegger, "ontical"
signifies concrete, specific realities, whereas "ontological" signifies
deeper underlying structures of reality. Ontological objects or subjects
have an ontical dimension, but they also include aspects of being like
self-awareness, evolutionary vestiges, future potentialities, and
networks of relationship.[1][2]
Nicolai Hartmann distinguishes among ontology, ontics, and
metaphysics: (i) ontology concerns the categorical analysis of entities
by means of the knowledge categories able to classify them, (ii) ontics
refers to a pre-categorical and pre-objectual connection which is best
expressed in the relation to transcendent acts, and (iii) metaphysics is
that part of ontics or that part of ontology which concerns the residue of
being that cannot be rationalized further according to categories.
Contents [hide]
1
Usage in philosophy of science
2
Usage in philosophy of critical realism
3
See also
4
References

Usage in philosophy of science[edit]

Harald Atmanspacher writes extensively about the philosophy of science,
especially as it relates to Chaos theory, determinism, causation, and
stochasticity. He explains that "ontic states describe all properties of a
physical system exhaustively. ('Exhaustive' in this context means that an ontic
state is 'precisely the way it is,' without any reference to epistemic knowledge
or ignorance.)"[1]
In an earlier paper, Atmanspacher portrays the difference between an
epistemic perspective of a system, and an ontic perspective:

Philosophical discourse traditionally distinguishes between ontology and

epistemology and generally enforces this distinction by keeping the two
subject areas separated. However, the relationship between the two areas is
of central importance to physics and philosophy of physics. For instance,
many measurement-related problems force us to consider both our
knowledge of the states and observables of a system (epistemic perspective)
and its states and observables, independent of such knowledge (ontic
perspective). This applies to quantum systems in particular.[2]

Usage in philosophy of critical realism[edit]

The British philosopher Roy Bhaskar, who is closely associated with the
philosophical movement of Critical Realism writes:
"I differentiate the 'ontic' ('ontical' etc.) from the 'ontological'. I employ the
former to refer to
1 whatever pertains to being generally, rather than some distinctively
philosophical (or scientific) theory of it (ontology), so that in this sense,
that of the ontic1, we can speak of the ontic presuppositions of a work
of art, a joke or a strike as much as a theory of knowledge; and, within
this rubric, to
2 the intransitive objects of some specific, historically determinate,
scientific investigation (or set of such investigations), the ontic2.
"The ontic2 is always specified, and only identified, by its relation, as the
intransitive object(s) of some or other (denumerable set of) particular
transitive process(es) of enquiry. It is cognitive process-, and level-specific;
whereas the ontological (like the ontic1) is not."[3]
Ruth Groff offers this expansion of Bhaskar's note above:
"'ontic2' is an abstract way of denoting the object-domain of a particular
scientific area, field, or inquiry. E.g.: molecules feature in the ontic2 of
chemistry. He's just saying that the scientific undertaking ITSELF is not one of
the objects of said, most narrowly construed, immediate object-domain. So
chemistry itself is not part of the ontic2 of chemistry."

See also[edit]

Ding an sich
Ontologism
Physical ontology
Substance theory

Jump up
^ "Ontico-Ontological Distinction". Blackwell Reference. Retrieved 26
February 2015.
Jump up
^ Duffy, Michael. "The Ontological and the Ontic". Retrieved 26 February
2015.

References[edit]
2

2
3

^ Atmanspacher, Dr. H., and Primas, H., 2003 [2005], "Epistemic and
Ontic Quantum Realities", in Khrennikov, A (Ed.), Foundations of
Probability and Physics (American Institute of Physics 2005, pp 4961,
Originally published in Time, Quantum and Information, edited by Lutz
Castell and Otfried Ischebeck, Springer, Berlin, 2003, pp 301321
^ Atmanspacher, Harald (2001) Determinism Is Ontic, Determinability is
Epistemic (University of Pittsburgh Archives)
^ Bhaskar, R.A., 1986, Scientific Realism and Human Emancipation
(London: Verso), pp 36 and 37, as quoted by Howard Engelskirchen in
the Bhaskar mailing list archive
[hide]

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Continental philosophy

Philosophers
Theodor W. Adorno Giorgio Agamben Louis Althusser Hannah Arendt Joxe
Azurmendi Gaston Bachelard Alain Badiou Roland Barthes Georges Bataille Jean
Baudrillard Zygmunt Bauman Simone de Beauvoir Henri Bergson Maurice Blanchot
Pierre Bourdieu Judith Butler Albert Camus Ernst Cassirer Cornelius Castoriadis
Gilles Deleuze Jacques Derrida Hubert Dreyfus Terry Eagleton Johann Fichte
Michel Foucault Frankfurt School Hans-Georg Gadamer Antonio Gramsci Jrgen
Habermas Georg Hegel Martin Heidegger Edmund Husserl Roman Ingarden Karl
Jaspers Immanuel Kant Sren Kierkegaard Alexandre Kojve Leszek Koakowski
Jacques Lacan Franois Laruelle Claude Lvi-Strauss Emmanuel Levinas JeanFranois Lyotard Gabriel Marcel Maurice Merleau-Ponty Friedrich Nietzsche Paul
Ricur Avital Ronell Jean-Paul Sartre Friedrich Schelling Carl Schmitt Arthur
Schopenhauer Peter Sloterdijk Slavoj iek

Theories
German idealism Hegelianism Critical theory Psychoanalytic theory Existentialism
Structuralism Postmodernism Poststructuralism

Concepts
Angst Authenticity Being in itself Boredom Dasein Diffrance Difference Existential
crisis Facticity Intersubjectivity Ontic Other Self-deception Trace

Related articles
Kantianism Phenomenology Hermeneutics Deconstruction

Category Index

Look up ontic in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

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Categories: Concepts in metaphysicsKnowledge representationMartin
HeideggerModal logicOntologyPhilosophy of scienceReality

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