MS ISO/IEC TR 10037 : 1995

MALAYSIAN

STANDARD
MS 1195 : PART 2 : 1991
ICS : 91.080.40

CODE OF PRACTICE FOR STRUCTURAL USE

OF CONCRETE
PART 2 : SPECIAL CIRCUMSTANCES

STANDARDS & INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF MALAYSIA

Copyright

SIRIM. No part of this publication may be photocopied or otherwise reproduced

without the prior permission in writing of SIRIM

MS 1195: Part 2: 1991

This Malaysian Standard, which had been approved by the Building and Civil Engineering
Industry Standards Committee and endorsed by the Council of the Standards and Industrial
Research Institute of Malaysia (SIRIM) was published under the authority of the SIRIM Council
in February, 1991.
SIRIM wishes to draw attention to the fact that this Malaysian Standard does not purport to
include all the necessary provisions of a contract.
The Malaysian Standards are subject to periodical review to keep abreast of progress in the
industries concerned. Suggestions for improvements will be recorded and in clue course brought to
the notice of the Committees charged with the revision of the standards to which they refer.

The following references relate to the work on this standard:

Committee reference : SIRIM 404/2/14/1

Draft for comment : D 124 (ISC D)

Amendments issued since publication

MS 1195 : Part 2 : 1991

CONTENTS
Page
Committee representation

Foreword

SECTION ONE: GENERAL

1.1

Scope

1.2

Definitions

1.3

Symbols

SECTION TWO: NON-LINEAR METHODS OF ANALYSIS FOR

THE ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE
2.1

General

2.2

Design loads and strength

2.3

Restrictions on use

11

2.4

Torsional resistance of beams

12

2.5

Effective column height

16

2.6

Robustness

17

SECTION THREE: SERVICEABILITY CALCULATIONS

3.1

General

19

3.2

Serviceability limit states

19

3.3

Loads

20

3.4

Analysis of structure for serviceability limit states

21

3.5

Material properties for the calculation of curvature and stresses

21

3.6

Calculation of curvatures

22

3.7

Calculation of deflection

24

3.8

Calculation of crack width

28

SECTION FOUR: FIRE RESISTANCE

4.1

General

32

4.2

Factors to be considered in determining fire resistance

34

4.3

Tabulated data (Method 1)

36

4.4

Fire test (Method 2)

39

4.5

Fire engineering calculations (Method 3)

39

MS 1195 : Part 2: 1991

CONTENTS (CouLd.)
Page
SECTION FIVE: ADDITIONAL CONSiDERATIONS IN THE USE
OF LIGHTWEIGHT AGGREGATE CONCRETE
5.1

General

47

5.2

Cover for durability and fire resistance

48

5.3

Characteristic strength of concrete

49

5.4

Shear resistance

49

5.5

Torsion resistance of beams

49

5.6

Deflections

50

5.7

Columns

50

5.8

Walls

50

5.9

Anchorage bond and laps

50

5.10

Bearing stress inside bends

51

SECTION SIX: AUTOCLAVED AERATED CONCRETE

6.1

General

52

6.2

Materials

52

6.3

Reinforcement

52

6.4

Production of units

52

6.5

Methods of assessing compliance with limit state requirements

53

6.6

Erection of units

53

6.7

Inspection and testing

54

SECTION SEVEN: ELASTIC DEFORMATION, CREEP, DRYING SHRINKAGE

7.1

General

55

7.2

Elastic deformation

55

7.3

Creel)

57

7.4

Drying shrinkage

58

7.5

Thermal strains

60

SECTION EIGHT: MOVEMENT JOINTS

8.1

General

62

8.2

Need for movement joints

62

8.3

Types of movement joint

63
3

MS 1195 : Part 2 : 1991

CONTENTS (Contd.)
Page
8.4

Provision of joints

64

8.5

Design of joints

64

SECTION NINE: APPRAISAL AND TESTING OF STRUCTURES

AND

COMPONENTS DURING CONSTRUCTION

9.1

General

65

9.2

Purpose of testing

65

9.3

Basis of approach

65

9.4

Check tests on structural concrete

66

9.5

Load tests of structures or parts of structures

66

9.6

Load tests on individual precast units

67

Minimum values of partial safety factors to be applied to worst

credible values

10

2.2

Values of coefficient B

14

2.3

Values of V~,mm and

15

2.4

Reinforcement for shear and torsion

15

3.1

Values of K for various bending moment diagrams

27

3.2

Estimated limiting temperature changes to avoid cracking

31

3.3

Values of external restraint recorded in various structures

31

4.1

Variation of cover to main reinforcement with member width

39

4.2

Reinforced concrete columns

41

4.3

Concrete beams

41

4.4

Plain soffit concrete floors

42

4.5

Ribbed open soffit concrete floors

43

4.6

Concrete walls with vertical reinforcement

44

5.1

Nominal cover to all reinforcement (including links)

to meet durability requirements

48

Nominal cover to all steel to meet specified period of fire resistance

(lightweight aggregate concrete)

48

Values of V~,design shear stress for grade 20 lightweight concrete

~49

Tables
2.1

5.2
5.3

MS 1195 : Part 2 : 1991

CONTENTS (CouLd.)
Page
7.1

Strength of concrete

56

7.2

Typical range for the static modulus of elasticity at 28 days

of normalweight concrete

56

Thermal expansion of rock group and related concrete

60

2.1

Stress strain curve for rigorous analysis of noncritical sections

13

3.1

Assumptions made in calculating curvatures

23

3.2

Deflection of a centilever forming part of a framed structure

28

4.1

Calculation of average cover

36

4.2

Typical examples of beams, plain soffit floors and ribbed soffit floors

37

4.3

Typical examples of reinforced concrete columns

38

4.4

Design curves for variation of concrete strength with temperature

45

4.5

Design curves for variation of steel strength or yield stress with temperature

46

7.1

Effects of relative humidity, age of loading and section thickness upon creep
factors

58

7.2

Drying shrinkage of normalweight concrete

59

7.3

Effect of dryness upon the coefficient of thermal expansion of

7.3

Figures

hardened cement and concrete

Appendix A

Bibliography

Publications referred to

61
68

68

MS 1195: Part 2 : 1991

Committee representation
The Building and Civil Engineering Industry Standards Committee under whose supervision this Malaysian Standard was
prepared comprises representatives from the following Government Ministries, trade, commerce and manufacturers
associations and scientific and professional bodies.
Master Builders Association
Malaysian Institute of Architects
Ministry of Works and Utilities (Public Works Department)
Ministry of Housing and Local Government (Housing Division)
Institute of Engineers (Malaysia)
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
Chartered Institute of Building (Malaysia)

The Technical Committee on Structural use of concrete which prepared this Malaysian Standard consists of the following
representatives:
Encik Aziz Mustafa
(Chairman)

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

Dr. Kamaruzaman Mohd Yusof

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

Encik Wan Harnidon Wan Badaruzzaman

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

Ir. Dr. Mohd Zulkifli Mohd Ghazali

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

Encik Azlan Abdul Rahman

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

Encik Azhar Abmad

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

Tn. Hj. Hashim Mohd Daud

Universiti Sains Malaysia

Dr. Wan Mahmood Wan Abd. Majid/

Encik Mohd Salich Mohd Noh

Institut Teknologi Malaysia

Dr. Isrnail Otlunan

Universiti Malaya

Dr. Hashirn Abdul Razak

Universiti Malaya

Encik Zakaria Che Muda

Universiti Pertanian Malaysia

Prof. Madya Dr. S.A. Salam

Universiti Pertanian Malaysia

Jr. Norzan Mohd Yusof

Jabatan Kerja Raya

Jr. Mohd Aminuclin Mohd Amin

Jabatan Kerja Raya

Jr. Tang Kam Kok

Association Consulting Engineers of Malaysia

Jr. Phang Cheong Yuen

Institute Engineers of Malaysia

Encik Ali Maidin/Puan Mariani Mohamad/

Cik Noor Fauziah Sulaiman (Secretary)

Standards and Industrial Research Institute of Malaysia

MS 1195 : Part 2 : 1991

FOREWORD

This Part of the Malaysian Standard Code of Practice has been prepared b~ the Technical
Committee on Structural Use of Concrete under the authority of the Building and Civil
Engineering Industry Standards Committee.
This Part of Malaysian Standard was based on BS 8110 : Part 2 : 1985
Structural Use on Concrete. Part 2 : Special circumstances.

British Standard

The design parameter were basically adopted from the BS 8110 : Part 2 : 1985 except for creep
and shrinkage where AS 3600 : 1988 was adopted. This is due to unavailability of local data at
present.
The Part I of this Malaysian Standard gives recommendations for design and construction. These
recommendations relate particularly to routine building construction which makes up lhe majuruy
of structural applications; they are in the form of a statement of design objectives and limit state
requirements followed by methods to ensure that these are met.
Generally, these methods will involve calculations for one limit state and simple deemedto
satisfy provisions for the others; for example with reinforced concrete, initial design will
normally be for the ultimate limit state, with span/depth ratios and bar spacing rules used to
check the limit states of deflection and cracking respectively. This approach is considered the
most appropriate for the vast majority of cases.
However, circumstances may arise that would justify a further assessment of actual behavior, in
addition to simply satisfying limit state requirements. This Part of Malaysian Standard gives
recom mencla tions to cover the most co ni monly 0CC un ng cases that requ ire addi do nal information
or alternative procedures to those given in Part I of Malaysian Standard. Thus, this lari is
complementary to Part I.
NOTE. The numbers in square brackets used throughout the text of this standard relate to the bibliographic reference given
in appendix A.

Compliance with a Malaysian Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.