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Lszl Pozsonyi
I. INTRODUCTION
_________________
#978-963-8111-76-0
Fig.1.
BTS
Cell sites
Access Network,
Last mile
BackBone,
Aggregation
BSC
Gb
GGSN
Gn
Packet Switched
Core Network
Abis
Controller /
gateway site
Microwave Radios
BTS
NG-SDH/SONET
BTS
BSC
BSC
Eth
E1/T1
BTS
Eth
E1/T1
Copper-based
NB
E1/T1
NB
Eth
Fiber-optics in
I-HSPA
LTE
WiMAX
Eth
Eth
Fig.2.
Carrier Ethernet
(L2 MPLS, PBB-TE)
Broadband Access
Broadband Access
ATM, L3 MPLS, IP
RNC
GE
RNC
STM1/
OC1
GE
GGSN
eGSN-U
ASNGW
GE
GE
Access
Transmission
Network
Radio Network
Fig.3.
Circuit Switched
Core Network
Fig.4.
Fig.5.
Classic
2G
3G
I-HSPA
LTE
WiMAX
Hybrid
2G
3G
I-HSPA
LTE
WiMAX
Packet
2G
3G
I-HSPA
LTE
WiMAX
Fig.6.
PDH/SDH/ATM
controller
cell site
PDH/SDH/ATM
Packet
controller
cell site
Packet
cell site
controller
Fig.7.
Port level MSP SDH protection of the Ater interface between BSC
and MGW. Protection port is located on the same transmission card.
Fig.8.
A. Chain/star topology
A regional portion of the entire access transmission and
transport network of the mobile system is shown in Fig.10.
400 sites are connected to 8 old BSCs in chain/star topology.
As each BSC location is an SDH node, each old BSCs can
reach the core network via fiber-optical network. The core
node hosts the old TCSM and MSC and the new MGW and
MSS. The SGSN is located in the CN location too.
H
SD
no ade
r
g
up
H
SD de
no gra
up
no SDH
upgrade but
utilization
75% 89%
new
STM-1
H ut
SD e b n
no rad tio %
g iza 89
up til
u %
75
SDH node
old BSC
core node:
SDH STM-4
access PDH
Fig.11. The GSM network after BSC modernization. 8 old BSCs removed
from the network. New STM-1 connections are needed in three cases.
SDH node
old BSC
core node:
SDH STM-4
access PDH
H
SD de
no gra
up
STM-4 ring,
actual 75% utilization
only 2 BSCs can be removed
without SDH upgrade: the one
connected directly to new
BSC/MGW location and one
from the ring or chain
connected to the ring
SDH node
old BSC
core node:
SDH STM-4
access PDH
1 old BSC
can be
removed
core node:
MGW & SGSN
STM-4 ring,
actual 75% utilization
only 3 BSCs can be removed
without SDH upgrade: the one
connected directly to new
BSC/MGW location and two
from the ring or chain
connected to the ring
SDH STM-4
access PDH
ADM (no BSC)
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
BSC
Packet Abis
MLPPP
TDM
Network
E1/T1/FB
TDM
Packet Abis
MLPPP
E1/T1/SDH
FlexiEDGE
Fig.14.
TDM
ABBREVIATIONS
Packet Switched
Network
Eth
Eth
Packet Abis
UDP/ IP
Ethernet
FlexiEDGE
Fig.15.
V. CONCLUSIONS
First GSM networks are already 20 years old in Europe.
Better system performance, increasing number of subscribers,
growing traffic as well as introduction of new services require
continuous upgrades, modernizations and replacements in the
existing GSM networks. Modernization of mobile networks
must lead to significant increase in offered traffic and available
user data rates. Higher data rates and better network
performance are only possible with the efficient employment
of fiber-optic techniques. This paper showed some examples
of using optical fibers in the access transmission and transport
part of mobile systems. Effect of BSC modernization was
investigated. It was shown that BSC removals may
significantly increase the load on the existing transmission
network. Some possibilities were mentioned how to cope with
these challenges.
A
Abis
ADM
ADSL
Ater
ATM
BER
BSC
BTS
CAPEX
CLNS
CN
CS
DSM L3
E1
EDGE
EGPRS
ETSI
FR
Gb
GGSN
GMSK
GPON
GPRS
GSM
HSCSD
HSDPA
HSPA
HSUPA
HW
IP
Iub
LL
LTE
MGW
MIMO
MLO
MLPPP
MSC
MSP
MSS
MW
NE
REFERENCES
[1] NSN: Broadband Access for All A Brief Technology Guide,
white paper, 2007.
[2] T.Halonen, J.Romero, J.Melero: GSM, GPRS and EDGE
performance: evolution towards 3G/UMTS, John Wiley &
Sons, 2nd edition, ISBN 0-470-86694-2, 2003.
[3] P.Petrs, A.Hilt, M.Suuronen: Mobile network upgrade for
EDGE in Hungary, Proc. of the 13th Conference on Microwave
Techniques, COMITE 2005, pp.111-114, Prague, Czech
Republic, September 2005.
[4] A.Hilt, P.Petrs, D.Emsley, G.Rybarczyk: Access Transmission
Network Upgrade in a Nationwide Mobile Network
[5]
[6]
[7]
[8]
[9]
[10]
[11]
[12]
[13]
[14]
[15]
[16]
[17]
[18]
[19]
[20]
[21]
[22]
[23]
[24]
1.
INVITED TALK
Jacket Matrix coding in Access Network
Ho Moon Lee
2.
Analytical Evaluation of Splice and Bending Losses of Photonic Crystal Fibers based on Empirical Relations
George Kliros
3.
4.
Practical Aspects of Access Network Indoor Extensions Using Multimode Glass and Plastic Optical Fibers
Gerd Keiser
1.
Photonic Sampled and Electronically Quantized Analogue to Digital Conversion in Access Networks
Mohammadreza Behjati
FOAN
15:30-17:00 Session IV: Radio over fiber and wireless networking
Chair: Attila Gbor Hilt
1.
High Speed MIMO LTE Applications Based On Matrix Inversion Algorithms Using Floating Point DSP
Md. Sarker
2.
3.
Application of Fiber-Optic Techniques in the Transport and Access Transmission Networks of Mobile Systems
Attila Gbor Hilt
4.
Closing
Gerd Keiser
17