Scientific Journal of Impact Factor (SJIF): 4.

14

e-ISSN (O): 2348-4470

p-ISSN (P): 2348-6406

International Journal of Advance Engineering and Research

Development
Volume 3, Issue 12, December -2016

A REVIEW ON EXPERIMENTAL STRENGTH EVOLUTION OF

CONCRETE BY ADDING GGBFS AND GLASS FIBER.
Nikunj G. Parmar1, Gunvant R solanki 2, Dimple J. Desai 3
1,2,3

Civil Engineering Department, Chhotubhai Gopalbhai Patel Institute of Technology

Abstract The infrastructure needs of our country is increasing day by day and with concrete is a main constituent of
construction material in a significant portion of this infrastructural system. It is necessary to enhance its characteristics
by means of strength and durability. It is also reasonable to compensate concrete in the form of using waste materials
and saves in cost by the use of admixtures such as Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag, fly ash, silica fume, etc. as
partial replacement of cement. The composite matrix that is obtained by combining cement, Ground Granulated Blast
Furnace Slag, aggregates and fibers is known as Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag Fiber reinforced concrete.
The fiber in the cement Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag based matrix acts as crack- arresters, which restrict the
growth of micro cracks and prevent these from enlarging under load. This study papers the feasibility of use of Glass
fibers and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag content on structural properties such as compressive strength, split
tensile strength, and flexural strength test.
Keywords- Cement, coarse aggregate, compressive strength, Glass fiber reinforced concrete, split tensile strength.
I.

INTRODUCTION

Concrete is the most widely used man-made construction material in the world. It is obtained by mixing cementitious
materials, water, aggregate and sometimes admixtures in required proportions. Fresh concrete or plastic concrete is
freshly mixed material which can be molded in to any shape hardens into a rock-like mass known as concrete. The
hardening is because of chemical reaction between water and cement, which continues for long period leading to stronger
with age. The utility and elegance as well as the durability of concrete structures, built during the first half of the last
century with ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and plain round bars of mild steel, the easy availability of the constituent
materials (whatever may be their qualities) of concrete and the knowledge that virtually any combination of the
constituents leads to a mass of concrete have bred contempt. Strength was emphasized without a thought on the durability
of structures. As a consequence of the liberties taken, the durability of concrete and concrete structures is on a southward
journey; a journey that seems to have gained momentum on its path to self destruction. This is particularly true of
concrete structures which were constructed since 1970 or thereabout by which time.
a)
The use of high strength rebars with surface deformations (HSD) started becoming common.
b)
Significant changes in the constituents and properties of cement were initiated, and
c)
Engineers started using supplementary cementitious materials and admixtures in concrete, often without
adequate consideration.
In a concrete mix cementing material and water from a paste called cement water paste which in addition to filling the
voids of fine aggregate, coats the surface of fine and coarse aggregates and binds them together it cures, thereby
cementing the particles of aggregates together in a compact mass. The strength, durability and other characteristics of
concrete depends on the properties of mix ingredients on the properties of mix, the method of compaction and other
control during placing, compaction and curing. The advances in concrete technology have paved the way to make the
best use of locally available materials by judicious mix proportioning and proper workmanship so as to produce concrete
satisfying performance requirement.
II.

LITERATURE REVIEW

A. An Experimental Study on the Properties of Glass Fibre Reinforced and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace
Slag Concrete; SSRG International Journal of Civil Engineering (SSRG-IJCE) volume 3 Issue 3March 2016
Kumar Shantveerayya, Vikas Nikkam; An Experimental Study on the Properties of Glass Fibre Reinforced and
Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag Concrete. This paper aims that a Glass fibre reinforced concrete, i.e, GFRC
concrete is one which is manufactured by adding glass fibre to the nominal concrete with partial replacement of OPC by
GGBS in order to incorporate few additional properties to the concrete. GFRC is a concrete that uses glass fibres for
reinforcement instead of steel. Since the fibres cannot rust like steel, there is no need for a protective concrete cover
thickness to prevent rusting. Concrete of grade M25 was used with the addition of glass fibre of 0.33% and 0.67% by
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325

International Journal of Advance Engineering and Research Development (IJAERD)

Volume 3, Issue 12, December -2016, e-ISSN: 2348 - 4470, print-ISSN: 2348-6406
weight of concrete with partial replacement of GGBS in 15%, 30%,45% and 60% by weight of cementitious material.
The cubes and cylinders were casted to test compressive and split tensile strength of concrete at 3days, 7days and 28 days
of curing. From this work it is concluded that the effective percentage of replacement for 0.33% of glass fibre is 45% for
both compressive strength and split tensile strength. The effective percentage of replacement for 0.67% glass fibre is
30%.

Graph 1. From the graph it is concluded that the effective GGBS replacement is at 45%.

Graph 2: From the graph it is concluded that the effective GGBS replacement is at 30%.

Graph 3: From the graph it is concluded that the effective GGBS %age is 45%.
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326

Compressive strength (N/mm2

International Journal of Advance Engineering and Research Development (IJAERD)

Volume 3, Issue 12, December -2016, e-ISSN: 2348 - 4470, print-ISSN: 2348-6406

3.5
3

3.21
2.8

2.93

2.56

2.5
2
1.5

1.67
1.23

1.68

15%

30%

2.93
2.7

1.91
1.3

1.21

45%

60%

1
0.5
0

GGBS % AGE
3 DAYS

7 DAYS

28 DAYS

Graph 4: From the graph we concluded that the effective GGBS %age is 30%.
At the end authors concluded that the compressive strength value of cubes casted with 0.33% of glass fibre shows
effective strength as the addition of GGBS is increased from 0% to 45%, after this further addition of GGBS shows
decreasing value.
B. A Study on Use of in Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag in Concrete; International Journal of Current
Engineering and Technology E-ISSN 2277 4106, P-ISSN 2347 - 5161, Volume-4, No-2, April 2014
Prof. Pankaj B. Autade, Anil B Wakankar; A Study on Use of in Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag in
Concrete. In present paper focuses on using GGBFS as replacement material to cement indifferent percentage 0%, 20%,
30% and 40%by weight of cement and Glass Fiber is also added to concrete in different proportion 0%,0.03% and 0.06%
by total volume. Twelve mixes of concrete with GGBFS and Glass Fiber were studied with w/c ratio 0.39 and
Superplasticizer named CONPAST SP-430.Combinable effect of GGBFS and Glass Fiber is best for 30% GGBFS and
0.06% Glass Fiber as we know that concrete starts bleeding above30% replacement by GGBFS and Glass Fiber controls
the bleeding of concrete. Compacting factor test was carried out on fresh concrete while compressive strength was
carried out on hardened 150mm concrete cubes after 7, 14 and 28 days curing in water.
C. Experimental Study on Strength and Durability Properties of Steel Fibers & Glass Fibers using GGBS based
Concrete; International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR). Volume 5 Issue 6, June 2016.
Roopa Bhargavi P, Bhanu Pravallika S; Experimental Study on Strength and Durability Properties of Steel Fibers &
Glass Fibers using GGBS based Concrete. The study has been made to evaluate the effect on mechanical and durability
properties of M25 grade concrete made with replacement of cement with Ground Granulate Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS),
(0%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40%) by weight and the addition of Steel fiber in different percentages (0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%
and 2%) and glass fiber in different percentages (0%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%). For each set of fibers, mechanical
properties were studied by performing Compression test for Cubes, Flexural test for beams and Split Tensile test for
cylinders and durability properties were studied by performing sulphate attack test cubes. Compacting factor test was
carried out on fresh concrete while compressive strength was carried out on hardened 150mm concrete cubes after 7, and
28 days curing in water. Test results display that higher fiber content has conduct around increased compressive strength,
flexural strength, abrasion resistance, and fiber crack-control effect. Hence the addition of steel& glass fiber within FRC
is more helpful for the flexural strength than the compressive strength.
D. The Experimental Study on Compressive Strength of Concrete using AR Glass Fibers and Partial Replacement
of Cement with GGBS with Effect of Magnetic Water; International Journal of Engineering Technology,
Management and Applied Sciences, Volume 4, Issue 8, August 2016.
Sujit V. Patil, N. J. Pathak; The Experimental Study on Compressive Strength of Concrete using AR Glass Fibers and
Partial Replacement of Cement with GGBS with Effect of Magnetic Water. The Authors presented that It is found that
by the partial replacement of cement and glass fiber with effect of magnetic water helped in improving the strength of the
concrete sustainably compared to normal mix concrete. The OPC is responsible for the majority of the embodied carbon
content of concrete. Significant reductions in environmental impacts occur for GGBS. The present study investigates the
effects on compressive strength of concrete of 50 % cement replacement with granulated ground blast furnace slag using
alkali resistant glass fibers with varying percentage i.e. 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4% & 0.5% respectively for 7 days and 28 curing
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327

International Journal of Advance Engineering and Research Development (IJAERD)

Volume 3, Issue 12, December -2016, e-ISSN: 2348 - 4470, print-ISSN: 2348-6406
days and effect of magnetic water used in mixing and curing concrete and compare the results with different percentage
of fibers and curing days. Twenty mixes were tested and studied with different percentage of glass fiber with and without
effect of magnetic water. Among the mixes the mix with replacement of 50% GGBS and 0.3% of AR glass fiber is better
with respect to strength.
E. Glass Fibre Reinforced Concrete Use in Construction; International Journal of Technology and Engineering
System(IJTES) Jan March 2011.
Eng. Pshtiwan N. Shakor, Prof. S. S. Pimplikar; Glass Fibre Reinforced Concrete Use in Construction. Glass-fibre
reinforced concrete (GRC) is a material made of a cementitious matrix composed of cement, sand, water and admixtures,
in which short length glass fibres are dispersed. It has been widely used in the construction industry for non-structural
elements, like faade panels, piping and channels. GRC offers many advantages, such as being lightweight, fire
resistance, good appearance and strength. In this study trial tests for concrete with glass fiber and without glass fiber are
conducted to indicate the differences in compressive strength and flexural strength by using cubes of varying sizes.
Various applications of GFRC shown in the study, the experimental test results, techno-economic comparison with other
types, as well as the financial calculations presented, indicate the tremendous potential of GFRC as an alternative
construction material.
III.

CONCLUSION

From the above literature we conclude that

1) It is observed that the GGBFS based glass fiber concrete can have higher strength then normal concrete.
2) Maximum compressive strength value of cube casted with between used of glass fiber 0.33% to 67% of up to 30
to 45 % of GGBFS used after that value decrease.
3) Test result display that higher fiber content has conduct around increased compressive strength, flexure strength
and fiber crack-control effect.
4) Hence addition of glass fiber within GFRC is more helpful for flexural strength than the compressive strength.
REFERENCES
[1] Kumar Shantveerayya, Vikas Nikkam; An Experimental Study on the Properties of Glass Fibre Reinforced and
Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag Concrete; SSRG International Journal of Civil Engineering (SSRGIJCE) volume 3 Issue 3March 2016.
[2] Sujit V. Patil, N. J. Pathak; The Experimental Study on Compressive Strength of Concrete using AR Glass
Fibers and Partial Replacement of Cement with GGBS with Effect of Magnetic Water; International Journal of
Engineering Technology, Management and Applied Sciences, Volume 4, Issue 8, August 2016.
[3] Roopa Bhargavi P, Bhanu Pravallika S; Experimental Study on Strength and Durability Properties of Steel
Fibers & Glass Fibers using GGBS based Concrete; International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR).
Volume 5 Issue 6, June 2016
[4] Prof. Pankaj B. Autade, Anil B Wakankar; The Experimental Study on Compressive Strength of Concrete using
AR Glass Fibers and Partial Replacement of Cement with GGBS with Effect of Magnetic Water; International
Journal of Engineering Technology, Management and Applied Sciences, Volume 4, Issue 8, August 2016.
[5] Eng. Pshtiwan N. Shakor, Prof. S. S. Pimplikar; Glass Fibre Reinforced Concrete Use in Construction;
International Journal of Technology and Engineering System(IJTES) Jan March 2011.

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