Strength of Materials:

Stress
MECH 313
Prepared by:
Robert Kerwin C. Billones

Engineering Mechanics
Engineering Mechanics
Rigid Body
Mechanics

Mechanics of
Deformable Bodies

Statics
MECH 311
Dynamics
MECH 312

Fluid
Mechanics

Strength of
Materials
MECH 313

Mechanics of Materials
Mechanics of materials is a branch of mechanics that
studies the internal effects of stress and strain in a
solid body that is subjected to an external loading.
Strength of materials deals with the relations between
externally applied loads and their internal effects on
the body.
The materials are no longer assumed to be rigid.

Mechanics of Materials
The deformations however small of major interest.
In mechanical design the engineer must consider
both dimensions and material properties to satisfy the
requirements of strength and rigidity.
When loaded, a structure should neither break nor
deform excessively.

Mechanics of Materials
External loads produce Internal Loads
Internal loads cause a body to deform
Internal loads cause stress
How much does body deform?

How much stress?

Is it safe at this stress?
How big should it be so stress is low enough?

Why Do We Study Mechanics of

Materials?

Anyone concerned with the strength and physical performance of

natural or man-made structures should study mechanics of materials.

STRESS
Stress is defined as the strength of a material per unit
area or unit strength. It is the force on a member
divided by area, which carries the force, formerly
expressed in psi, now in N/mm2 or MPa.

P
S
A
where P is the applied normal load in Newton and A is
the area in mm2.

SIMPLE STRESS
Normal Stress

Shearing Stress

Normal Stress (Axial Stress)

Normal stress is either tensile
stress or compressive stress.
Compressive force will tend to
shorten the member. Tension
force on the other hand will
tend to lengthen the member.

Bearing Stress

SIMPLE STRESS
Normal Stress

Shearing Stress

Normal Stress (Axial Stress)

Normal stress is either tensile
stress or compressive stress.
Compressive force will tend to
shorten the member. Tension
force on the other hand will
tend to lengthen the member.

Bearing Stress

P
S
A
In a tension or compression,
where does the maximum
stress occur?
Ans. It occurs over a
section which is normal
(or perpendicular) to the
load.

SIMPLE STRESS
Normal Stress

Shearing Stress

Shearing Stress (Tangential

Stress)
Forces parallel to the area
resisting the force cause
shearing stress

Bearing Stress

SIMPLE STRESS
Normal Stress

Shearing Stress

Shearing Stress (Tangential

Stress)
Forces parallel to the area
resisting the force cause
shearing stress

Bearing Stress

P
S
A//

SIMPLE STRESS
Normal Stress

Shearing Stress

Bearing Stress

Punching Shear

P
S
A//
A dt

SIMPLE STRESS
Normal Stress

Single Shear

Shearing Stress

Bearing Stress

Double Shear

SIMPLE STRESS
Normal Stress

Shearing Stress

Bearing Stress
Bearing stress is the
contact
pressure
between the separate
bodies. It differs from
compressive stress, as it
is an internal stress
caused by compressive
forces.

Bearing Stress

SIMPLE STRESS
Normal Stress

Shearing Stress

Bearing Stress

Pb
S
Ab

Bearing Stress

Example 1

Example 2

Example 3

Example 4

Example 5

Assignment 1: No.1

Assignment 2: No.2