Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
695 - 02a
INTERNATIONAL
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Departent of Defense.
1. Scope *
1 This test method covers the determnation of the mechanical propertes of unreinforced and reinforced rigid plastics , including high-modulus composites , when loaded
or
1 compressive deformation-the decrease in length produced in the gage length of the test specimen by a compressive
load. It is expressed in units of length.
2 compressive strain-the
A specific precau-
1 ASTM Standards:
D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
D 638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
D 883 Termnology Relating to Plastics
D 3410 Test Method for Compressive Properties of Polymer Matrx Composite Materials with Unsupported Gage
Section by Shear Loading
D 4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materials
,
mation to the gage length of the test specimen , that is
the
change in length per unit of original length along the longitudinal axis. It is expressed as a dimensionless ratio.
3 compressive strength- the
maximum compressive
compressive stress
com-
per unit area of minimum original cross section within the gage
boundares , cared by the test specimen at any given moment.
It is expressed in force per unit area.
1 Discussion-The
expression of compressive properties in terms of the minimum original cross section is almost
1 Ths test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Commttee D20 on Plastics
diagram in
6 compressive stress-strain diagram-a
stress
are
plotted
as
ordinates
which values of compressive
against corresponding values of compressive strain as abscissas.
6 Annual Book of ASTM Standards,
Annual Book of ASTM Standards,
2. Referenced Documents
test
otherwise indicated.
ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700 , West Conshohocken, PA 19428-
o D695- 02a
ompressi yield point-the first point on the stressat which an increase in strain occurs without an
stram Iagrar
2 7
'C
. crease
1f
2
in stress.
ompressive yield
strength-normally
. . onding strain
Iy to
ImtI
perce
nt of deformation (offset).
3.2.12 percent compreSSlve strazn-
e compressIve .
or-
3.2.13 proportionallzmzt-
nless
ssive
efor:
uniorm rectangular
cross section ,
the radius of
" the:
19itu.
pres:;
;tressl
ture.
com'
lfe ofi
load'
gag
ment!
Imo
:ssiv
compression until a
cross1
oper;;
proP'i
the compressive
such cases.
m in(
nates!
JSCW
1 Testing Machine-Any
suitable testig
machine capable
1.2 Load Indicator- load- indicating mechansm capable of showing the total compressive load cared by the test
specimen. The mechansm shall be essentially free from
inerta- lag at the specified rate of testing and shall indicate the
load with an accuracy of :! 1 % of the maximum indicated
value of the test (load). The accuracy of the testing machine
shall be verified at least once a year in accordance with
Practices E 4.
2 Compressometer-
ing the distance between two fixed points on the test specimen
at any time durig the test. It is desirable that ths instrment
5. Apparatus
stress at w
11 offset compressive yield stren
the stress-strai curve depars from lmeanty by a specIfied
the
gage length.
: test
of control of constant-rate-of-crosshead
corresp
3 2 10
that
test method ,
reference
NOTE 3-
compressometers . as well.
th
6. Test Specimens
1 Unless otherwise specified in the materials specifications , the specimens described in 6. 2 and 6. 7
shall be used.
to with
by 12. 7
Preferred
by 25.4 mm (0. 50 by 0. 50 by
--,--.
---- - .
- -
- --
--=--=-
--
-c-
cO D695- 02a
Hardened Black
Radius
Laad Strut
Frame
r"-:=:;;::CCC
o'.
tt'tt'
Plunger
Hardened Block
These
Surfaces
to be Flat
Paollel
Testing Machine
80//
";-Hardened
Hardened,
Ground
and Lopped
Tesf
Specimen-
have a
or over,
or less.
Laminates-The
when necessar
comply with the slenderness ratio requirements or to permt
Hardened
and Ground
to 16: 1 (Note
tho
5).
'(Testing Machine Head
1 in. )
(prism), or 12. 7
6.3 For rod material, the test specimen shall have a diameter
equal to the diameter of the rod and a suffcient length to allow
a specimen slenderness ratio in the range from 11 to 16:1.
di:
rei
dit
D695- 02a
METRIC BRITISH
LETTER SYSTEM SYSTEM
40mm.
0156 in.
.125
3.18
250
23.
9375
38.
1.4375
4315
11.1
50.
250.
1875
500
500
38.
12.
875
73.
.375
141
76 d.
1815 d.
11 have
:th of 25.
lS (at righ
tall be th
NOTE 2-Furshed four steel machine screws and nuts, round head, slotted, length 31.75 mm (11/4 in.
NOTE 3-Grind suraces denoted " Gr.
81 em
) or over;
pressure
h is less
1.90 em
1.27 em
are , with
(0.75"
(0. 50"
east 25.4
L7.
f ansotj having
tl to the
(3.13
70mpos-
81em RADIUS
(1.
'1otropic
or rein-
:sar to
permt
mess , a
of 12.
th such
l (Note
where
. of a
lig to
7. Conditioning
1 Conditioning-Condition
the test specimens at 23 2:
C (73.4 2: 3. F) and 50 2: 5 % relative humidity for not less
juring
am (VB
Ire , the
'actory
ying a
with Procedure A. of
)wn in
specified by contract or the relevant ASTM material specification. Reference testing conditions , to settle disagreements,
in length.
in
o D695- 02a
0. 3
mm
10. Procedure
compression tool , takng care to align the center line of its long
axis with the center line of the plunger and to ensure that the
ends of the specimen are
testing of
lower modulus (for example, 700 MPa to 3500 MPa (100 000 psi to 500
000 psi)) material if the loading surfaces are maintained smooth, flat, and
parallel to the extent that buckling is not incurred.
that they are flush with the base and centered (Note 8). The nuts
or screws on the jig shall be finger tight (Note 9). Place the
assembly in the compression tool as described in 5.3.
NOTE 8-A round-robin test, designed to
specimen positioning in the supporting jig (that is, flush versus centered
mounting), showed no significant effect on compressive strength due to
ths varable. However, flush mounting of the specimen with the base of
the jig is specified for convenience and ease of mounting.
pressure at the
NOTE 9-A round-robin test on the effect of lateral
supporting jig has established that reproducible data can be obtained with
11. 2 Compressive
rupture).
machine is
the offset
s =
- I)
1 Complete identification of the material tested, includsource , manufacturer s code number, form, principal
dimensions , previous history, etc.
12.
ing type ,
Compressive
Strength-Calculate
the compressive
deviation
strength
12. 1.9 Compressive yield strength and offset yield
average value, and standard deviation, when of interest
required),
12. 1.10 Modulus of elasticity in compression (if
average value ,
12. 1.11
8 Supporting data are available from ASTM Headquarers. Request RR: 0201061.
638.
12. Report
11. Calculation
(1)
where:
10. 5.4
yield
11.
= value of
11.1
to thee
significant figures.
10. 2
the specimen during the test by the original minimum crosssectional area of the specimen. Express the result in megapas-
standard deviation,
. D695- 02a
rossipasthree
preslmen
area
mdses.
rield
;:las-
f the
line
ths
100
106
1.4
polystyrene
158
10.
Linen- filed phenolic
21.
A 5, is the within- laboratory standard deviation for the indicated material. It is
obtained hy pooling the within- laboratory standard deviations of the test results
B SR
ows
(I)
.ield
538.
JlnJ1/2
Material
13. 2.3
= 2.8 X
SR'
Average
phenolic 6.
(R)
Acetal
3. 28 0. 14 0.25 0. 39 0.
Polystyrene 3. 88 0. 07 0.74 0. 20 2.
Linen- filed
of
and
R (13.
meangful way of considering the
approximate
precision of ths test method. The data in Table I and Table
2 should not be rigorously applied to acceptance or rejection of material,
as these data apply only to the materials tested in the round robin and are
xS
:!is.
cant
rt as
Acetal
Average
Material
loint
uare
prepared at one source. Each test result was the average of five
82 0. 23 0.90 0. 64 2.
conducted in 1987 in accordance with Practice E 691 , involving thee materials tested by six laboratories for Test Method
D 695M. Since the test parameters overlap withn tolerances
and the test values are normalized , the same data are used for
both test methods. For each material , all of the samples were
9 Supportng data are avaiable from ASTM Headquarers
1150.
13.3 There are no recognized standards by which to estimate the bias of ths test method.
14. Keywords
14. 1 compressive properties; compressive strength; modulus of elasticity; plastics
ud-
pal
ANNEX
(Mandatory Information)
material. It is an
ifd
d),
of slack , and
A1.2 In the
case of a
(CD)
Zero-stress axis.
Ths
intersection
(B)
continuation of the
or
strains must be
defined as zero-strain).
B'
o D695- 02a
Strain
Strain
FIG. A 1.
of ths graph.