CHAPTER 1 RATE OF REACTION

1.1 Understanding Rate Of Reaction

1.
2.

Rate of reaction is defined as the change in the amount of reactants or products per unit time.
It is a measure of how fast a reaction occurs.
a.
Fast Reaction = Rate of reaction is high.
b.
Slow Reaction = Rate of reaction is low
2. A fast reaction taken shorter time for the reaction to complete.

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I. Finding Average Rate Of Reaction

Rate of reaction is a measure of how fast a reaction occurs, or how much the reactant/product change in
a period of time.
Rates of reaction = Quantity change of reactants/products
Total time for the reaction

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II: Finding Average Rate Of Reaction From Measurable Quantities

1.
During a chemical reaction, two things happen
The quantities of reactants reduce.
The quantities of products increase.
1. Therefore, the rate of the reaction can be determined by
measuring the decrease of the amount of the reactants over time.
measuring the increase of the amount of the products over time.
1. However, the quantity (or change) of the reactants/product may be measurable or immeasurable.
2. The easily measured quantity changes include
Mass
Concentration (Conductivity)
Volume of gas

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III: Finding Average Rate Of Reaction From Measurable Quantities

1.

In some reaction, some changes are observable but difficult to be measured. For example
Change in colour
Precipitation
1. The time taken for the colour of a reactant to change or certain amount of precipitate to form can be
used to measure the rate of reaction.
2. If the quantity change is immeasurable

Rates of reaction =

1
Total time for the reaction

IV. Analysing Rate of Reaction from Graph

Graph of Product/Reactant Change against Time

Finding the Average Rate of Reaction from a Graph
Finding Instantaneous Rate of Reaction from a Graph

Graph of Product/Reactant Change against Time

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Finding the Average Rate of Reaction from a Graph

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=knAjEa4-0KM&feature=youtu.be

Finding Instantaneous Rate of Reaction from a Graph

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1.2 Factors Affecting The Rate Of Reaction

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Factors Affecting - Total Surface Area

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Factors Affecting - Concentration Of Reactants

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Factors Affecting - Temperature Of The Reactant

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Factors Affecting - Presence Of Catalyst

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***** In SPM, you need to remember the catalyst used in both the chemical reaction above.

Characteristics Of Catalyst

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1.
2.

A catalyst is a substance which can change the rate of reaction.

There are a few things you need to know about catalyst:
Chemically, the catalyst remain unchanged during a reaction.
Catalyst does not change the quantity of products.
Catalyst is specific, which means different chemical reaction may have different cataly
Just a small amount needed to achieve big increase in rate of reaction.
More amount of catalyst used can further increase the rate of reaction.
Catalyst in powder form can further increase the rate of reaction.
Catalyst may undergo physical change in a reaction.

Factors Affecting - Pressure Of Gas

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