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Multispectral
This tab contains tools for image enhancement and feature extraction tools for continuous raster data. Use these tools to view, edit, and save the lookup tables that are used to display the
data.
The Multispectral tab is available when you load a true color image into a View. The tab is grouped into the following categories (see below for details):
Enhancement
Brightness Contrast
Sharpness
Bands
View
Utilities
Transform & OrthoCorrect
Edit

Enhancement
Adjust Radiometry - Click to open the Enhancement gallery and menu to apply various enhancements to the image in the active View.
[gallery] - Contains preview thumbnails of various standard contrast stretches and no stretch. Hover your mouse over a thumbnail to see the description and see a preview of the
stretch in the View. To apply the respective stretch to the image, click the respective thumbnail. The same contrast stretch enhancements are available in Contrast Adjustment dialog.
General Contrast -Click to adjust the brightness, contrast, and color of the image displayed in the active View. The Contrast Adjustment dialog opens.
Brightness/Contrast - Click to adjust the brightness and contrast. The Contrast/Brightness Tool dialog opens.
Photography Enhancement Click to adjust the lighting of the image in the active View. The fill light, highlights, shadows, and color temperature changes in the View do not affect
your raster data. The Photography Enhancement Tool dialog opens.
Piecewise Contrast Click to adjust the brightness and contrast of a specified range of the image. The Contrast Tool dialog opens.
Breakpoints Click to view, edit, and rescale the histograms and lookup tables. The Breakpoint Editor dialog opens.
Load Breakpoints Click to load an existing breakpoint file. The files can be RGB (*.cbp), Red (*.rbp), Blue (*.bbp), or Green (*.gbp). A File Selector opens.
Save Breakpoints Click to save the existing breakpoints to a file. A File Selector opens.
Data Scaling Click to open the Set Data Scaling dialog for advanced users to set binning type and statistics scaling.
Discrete DRAClick to switch between turning on or off Discrete Dynamic Range Adjustment. This feature ensures the brightness and contrast are automatically adjusted to the
optimum as you roam the image. During auto-roaming, however, the adjustment is not made until roaming pauses.
When the button is highlighted, Discrete Dynamic Range Adjustment is turned on.
Discrete DRA requires the image to have computed pyramid layers. Open Image Metadata by clicking Home tab > Metadata to verify or compute pyramid layers.
Discrete DRA

Click to open the Discrete DRA (Dynamic Range Adjustment) menu.

Discrete DRA Click to turn on Discrete Dynamic Range Adjustment to ensure the brightness and contrast are automatically adjusted to the optimum as you roam the image.
During auto-roaming, however, the adjustment is not made until roaming pauses.
DRA PropertiesClick to make changes to Discrete Dynamic Range Adjustment. The DRA Properties dialog opens. The Discrete DRA tool must be turned on before the DRA
Properties can be opened.
Direct DRA
Direct DRA slider
Direct Dynamic Range Adjustment reveals greater detail in images where pixels have similar values, such as in water features.
The two handles of the slider map to the minimum data (pixel) and maximum data (pixel) values respectively of the current image. In the default position, where 0% and 100% are
the minimum and maximum pixel values, the Direct Dynamic Range Adjustment is not applied to the image.
Drag the left handle to set a minimum pixel value and and drag the right handle to set a maximum pixel value for the image data range. The operation then scales all values
between the minimum and maximum values. To lock the handles to move together, Ctrl+click the desired handle. To unlock, Ctrl+click again.
When a handle is moved, the tool is activated and the contrast method becomes a linear LUT stretch, which is different than the current contrast method. This often results in the
contrast appearing to jump or shift rapidly.
This Direct DRA function differs from the Discrete DRA function in two ways.
Discrete DRA function collects statistics only from the part of the image currently in the View and requires the image to have computed pyramid layers.
Direct DRA function collects statistics from the entire image and it does not require the image to have computed pyramid layers.

Brightness Contrast
Click and drag this thumbwheel control to dynamically adjust contrast. The Contrast Up or Down buttons located on the sides of the wheel adjust the contrast by increments.
Click to open the Contrast menu.
Contrast UpClick to increase contrast by one increment.
Contrast ResetClick to reset the contrast to the original setting.
Click and drag this thumbwheel control to dynamically adjust brightness. The Brightness Up or Down buttons located on the sides of the wheel adjust the brightness by
increments.
Click to open the Brightness menu.
Brightness UpClick to increase brightness by one increment.
Brightness ResetClick to reset the brightness to the original setting.

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Sharpness
Click and drag this thumbwheel control to dynamically adjust sharpness and blur. The Sharpness Up or Down buttons located on the sides of the wheel adjust the
sharpness by increments.
Click to open the Sharpness menu.
Sharpness UpClick to increase sharpness by one increment.
Sharpness ResetClick to reset the sharpness to the original setting.
Filtering - Click to open the Filtering gallery and menu.
[gallery] - Contains preview thumbnails of various standard convolution filters and no filter. Hover your mouse over a thumbnail to see the description and see a preview in the
View. To apply the respective filter to the image, click the respective thumbnail. The same convolution filters are available in Convolve dialog.
Convolution Filtering - Click to open the general Convolve dialog to filter the active image displayed in the View. It does not filter data stored on disk.
Perform such operations as averaging, high-pass, or low-pass filtering. You can either define the convolution kernel or you can choose one from the built-in kernel library. You may
also select a subset of the input area to process.
Statistical Filtering - Click to perform statistical filtering on the image. The Focal (Neighborhood) Functions dialog opens.
Reset Convolution -Click to remove the Convolution filtering effects.
You can save raster adjustments using the Save option, however, this will permanently change your file. It does not create a new file. Select Save As option to save
adjustments to a different file.
Each individual raster editing operation may be undone by clicking

[Undo] from the Home tab.

Bands
Sensor Types and Named Band Combinations
Use the Spectral selector to select from a list of named band combinations that are applicable to a specific sensor.
Click the dropdown arrow to open the Sensor List and select a sensor. The Sensor List is built dynamically from installed sensor attribute files (.saf) based upon the number of data
bands in the input image.
You can then select from a number of predefined band combinations in the Named Band Combinations dropdown menu. The bands assigned to the red, green, and blue display colors
show in the Band to Color Assignment area. You can override the predefined color assignments by selecting Custom in the dropdown list and then entering the desired values
manually.

The Named Band Combinations list is derived from several sources:

Specifications in the Sensor Attributes Files (<IMAGINE_HOME>/etc/*.saf)
The Wavelength Mappings File (<IMAGINE_HOME>/etc/wavelengthmappings.dat)
Your band-to-color channel preferences as set in the User Interface & Session category
Specifications embedded in the program
Common Band Combinations The band combination menu enables you to change the default colors for the band combinations.
Red Click to activate the Red color display. If you want to view a layer from a different file, click the Open icon to select a file to display in red. Select the layer from current file that
you wish to display, either by clicking on the dropdown list, or using the nudgers to select a layer number.
When viewing a virtual stack, only the map extent of the image in the Red band displays. To view the map extent of all images in the stack, use the Layer Stack dialog to stack the
images into a single file.
Green Click to activate the Green color display. If you want to view a layer from a different file, click the Open icon to select a file to display in green. Select the layer from current
file that you wish to display, either by clicking on the dropdown list, or using the nudgers to select a layer number.
Blue Click to activate the Blue color display. If you want to view a layer from a different file, click the Open icon to select a file to display in blue. Select the layer from current file
that you wish to display, either by clicking on the dropdown list, or using the nudgers to select a layer number.
[Layer Combinations]Click this icon to see the layer numbers that are displayed in the 2D View. The Set Layer Combinations dialog opens.

View
Nearest Neighbor

Click to select the desired Resampling method.

Nearest Neighbor This method uses the value of the closest pixel to assign to the output pixel value.
Bilinear Interpolation This method uses the data file values of four pixels in a 2 x 2 window to calculate an output value with a bilinear function.
Cubic Convolution This method uses the data file values of sixteen pixels in a 4 x 4 window to calculate an output value with a cubic function.
Bicubic Spline This method uses a block size of 5 x 5 or larger. This method fits a cubic spline surface through the current block of points. The output value is derived from the
fitting surface that will retain the values of the known points.
The Bicubic Spline algorithm is much slower than other methods of interpolation.
See Resampling Methods in the ERDAS Field Guide for more information.
Pixel TransparencyWhen this checkbox is checked, the background of the top layer in the View is transparent so the layer underneath shows. Then you can clip out black areas in
displayed images which can be very helpful when displaying images that are to be mosaicked together.
See Set Transparency topic for information on the effect of NoData values on transparency.

Utilities

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Subset & ChipClick to copy a selected portion, or subset, of an input data file into an output data file. The Subset dialog opens.
Subset & Chip

Click to open the Subset & Chip menu.

Subset & ChipClick to copy a selected portion, or subset, of an input data file into an output data file. The Subset dialog opens.
NITF ChipClick to create an output NITF chipped (subset) file from an input image file. A File Selector opens.
Mask Click to use an .img file to select (mask) specific areas from a corresponding .img file. The Mask dialog opens.
Dice ImageClick to subset new images at your specified dimensions from a larger image. The Dice an image dialog opens.
Image Slicer Click to open the Image Slicer dialog to cut long, rectangular images into smaller overlapping segments.
[Spectral Profile]Click to open the most recently selected Profile tool.
All of the Profile tools operate on the bottom (lowest) layer in the View.
Spectral Profile

Click to open the Profile tools menu.

Spectral ProfileClick to visualize the reflectance spectrum of a single pixel through many bands. Requires multiple-layer (band) data. The Spectral Profile dialog opens.
Surface ProfileClick to visualize the reflectance spectrum of a rectangular area of data file values in a single band of data. The Surface Profile dialog opens.
Spatial ProfileClick to visualize the reflectance spectrum of a polyline of data file values. The Spatial Profile dialog opens.
Count FeaturesClick to open the Feature Counting Tool tab to count features within the image. The Feature Counting Tool works in conjunction with the Feature Counting Tool
Panel, where layers and symbols of objects are listed, as well as the current count and coordinates of specific objects.
Pyramid & Statistics

Click to open the Pyramids and Statistics menu.

Compute Pyramids and Statistics Click to create pyramid layers to allow faster processing and opening in the View. This option creates reduced subsampled raster layers if they
are not already created. This option also resamples the histogram and statistics for the top raster layer in the View.
Compute Statistics on Window Click to quickly recompile statistics for the current View extent. Computing the statistics on the current View extent does not update the statistics
displayed in Image Metadata. The software simply stores the newly computed stats for further processing within the current session or until recomputed.
See Pyramid Layer/Statistics Generation Options for more information.
General RSETS Click to generate NITF RSET files and footprints. A NITF RSET is a multiple NITF file consisting of one file containing a full resolution image and the other files
containing the same image in a variety of lower resolutions. The Process List dialog opens to show progress meters indicating the status of process jobs. The footprints can be used
in DPPDB Workstations.

Transform & Orthocorrect

Transform & Ortho

Click to open the Transform & Orthocorrect menu for use when ground control points (GCPs) do not need to be measured.

ReprojectClick to open the Reproject Images dialog to reproject or transform the active raster data from its current map projection to a new image in a new map projection.
Reprojection can be performed on a single georeferenced file or multiple georeferenced files using the Batch Command Editor.
When batching the Reproject option, make sure that the projection name does not contain slashes. If it does, then it will be mistaken for a filename, which causes the
Batch system to create the wrong variables.
Ortho Using Existing ModelClick to orthorectify the active calibrated image to a resampled image in the output map projection using the existing geometric model. The
Resample dialog opens.
Ortho with Model SelectionClick to orthorectify the active calibrated image to a resampled image in the output map projection by first selecting a geometric model. The Set
Geometric Model dialog opens.
Transform Using Existing ModelClick to rectify the active calibrated image to a resampled image in the output map projection using the existing geometric model. The
Resample dialog opens.
Affine CalibrationClick to apply an affine geometric model as a calibration node in the header of the active image. The Affine Model Properties dialog opens. Display the image
using the Orient Image to Map System option in the Raster Options tab of the File Selector to see the calibration node effect.
Perform Affine ResampleClick to apply rotation or reflection to the active image and transform to a new resampled image. The Affine Model Properties dialog opens.
Resample Pixel Size Click to resample image pixels to a different pixel resolution without altering the projected coordinate system. The Resample dialog opens.
Orthorectifying DPPDB imagery
To orthorectify DPPDB imagery (Digital Point Positioning Data Base product), you must use the Ortho Using Existing Model option. DPPDB imagery cannot be controlled in the
Multipoint Geometric Correction tool.
Control PointsClick to orthorectify or geometrically calibrate the active image by solving a selected geometric model and measuring ground control points (GCPs) using the
Multipoint Geometric Correction workspace. The Set Geometric Model dialog opens.
Single PointClick to measure a s ingle point and use its true ground location to shift the geospatial location of the active image. After you have clicked in the View to select a
known point from which to offset the image, the Image Offset dialog opens.
The image you are using must have projection information.
Click to open the Metric Accuracy Assessment (MAA) tool you want to use, either Mono or Stereo, to measure and report the accuracy of a mono image or stereo pair using
photo-identifiable ground control points (GCPs). The Select Images dialog opens.

Edit
FillClick to apply various area fill functions such as Constant, Majority, Max, and so forth. The Area Fill dialog opens.
OffsetClick to add offset values to the data file values. The Area Offset dialog opens.
InterpolateClick to correct defects in DEMs by digitizing buffer points. The Interpolate dialog opens. This type of raster editing is intended primarily to correct defects in DEMs;
especially those that are the product of automatic terrain extraction.
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