Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
692
1/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
EN BANC.
693
693
tives, any final action taken by the HRET on a matter within its
jurisdiction shall, as a rule, not be reviewed by this Court . . . the
power granted to the Electoral Tribunal is full, clear and complete
and excludes the exercise of any authority on the part of this
Court that would in any wise restrict it or curtail it or even affect
the same. (pp. 403404) When may the Court inquire into acts of
the Electoral Tribunals under our constitutional grants of power?
In the later case of Robles v. HRET (181 SCRA 780 [1990]) the
Supreme Court stated that the judgments of the Tribunal are
beyond judicial interference save only in the exercise of this
Courts socalled extraordinary jurisdiction, x x x upon a
determination that the Tribunals decision or resolution was
rendered without or in excess of its jurisdiction, or with grave
abuse of discretion or paraphrasing Morrero, upon a clear
showing of such arbitrary and improvident use by the Tribunal of
its power as constitutes a denial of due process of law, or upon a
demonstration of a very clear unmitigated ERROR, manifestly
constituting such GRAVE ABUSE OF DISCRETION that there
has to be a remedy for such abuse. (at pp. 785786)
Same Same Same In the absence of a showing that the
House of Representatives Electoral Tribunal has committed grave
abuse of discretion amounting to lack of jurisdiction, the Court
cannot exercise its corrective power.The Supreme Court under
the 1987 Constitution, has been given an expanded jurisdiction,
so to speak, to review the decisions of the other branches and
agencies of the government to determine whether or not they have
http://www.central.com.ph/sfsreader/session/00000158b3f7874d8aa28e46003600fb002c009e/t/?o=False
2/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
694
3/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
695
4/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
696
5/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
697
6/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
7/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
698
8/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
699
9/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
700
10/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
process. The Court does not venture into the perilous area
of trying to correct perceived errors of independent
branches of the Government. It comes in only when it has
to vindicate a denial of due process or correct an abuse of
discretion so grave or glaring that no less than the
Constitution calls for remedial action.
The Supreme Court under the 1987 Constitution, has
been given an expanded jurisdiction, so to speak, to review
the decisions of the other branches and agencies of the
government to determine whether or not they have acted
within the bounds
701
701
11/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
702
12/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
703
13/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
704
14/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
705
15/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
706
16/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
therein contained, to
mathematical formulas
but are organic living
vital not formal. . . . . (p.
707
17/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
708
18/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
709
19/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
and at this very late date just so we can go after the son.
The petitioners question the citizenship of the father
through a collateral approach. This can not be done. In our
jurisdiction, an attack on a persons citizenship may only be
done through a direct action for its nullity. (See Queto v.
Catolico, 31 SCRA 52 [1970])
To ask the Court to declare the grant of Philippine
citizenship to Jose Ong Chuan as null and void would run
against the principle of due process. Jose Ong Chuan has
already been laid to rest. How can he be given a fair
opportunity to defend himself. A dead man cannot speak.
To quote the words of the HRET: Ong Chuans lips have
long been muted to perpetuity by his demise and obviously
he could not rise beyond where his mortal remains now lie
to defend himself were this matter to be made a central
issue in this case.
The issue before us is not the nullification of the grant of
citizenship to Jose Ong Chuan. Our function is to
determine whether or not the HRET committed abuse of
authority in the
710
710
20/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
711
21/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
712
22/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
713
23/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
714
24/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
715
25/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
716
revertendi.
The Philippines is made up not only of a single race it
has, rather, undergone an interracial evolution.
Throughout our history, there has been a continuing influx
of Malays, Chinese, Americans, Japanese, Spaniards and
http://www.central.com.ph/sfsreader/session/00000158b3f7874d8aa28e46003600fb002c009e/t/?o=False
26/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
717
27/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
CONCURRING OPINION
SARMIENTO, J.:
I concur with the majority.
(1)
I wish to point out first that the question of citizenship is a
question of fact, and as a rule, the Supreme Court leaves
facts to the tribunal that determined them. I am quite
agreed that the Electoral Tribunal of the House of
Representatives, as the sole judge of all contests relating
to the membership in the House, as follows:
Sec. 17. The Senate and the House of Representatives shall each
have an Electoral Tribunal which shall be the sole judge of all
contests relating to the election, returns, and qualifications of
their respective Members. Each Electoral Tribunal shall be
composed of nine Members, three of whom shall be Justices of the
Supreme Court to be designated by the Chief Justice, and the
remaining six shall be Members of the Senate or the House of
Representatives, as the case may be, who shall be chosen on the
basis of proportional representation from the political parties and
the parties or organizations registered under the partylist system
represented therein. The
senior Justice in the Electoral Tribunal
1
shall be its Chairman.
is the best judge of facts and this Court can not substitute
its judgment because it thinks it knows better.
2
In the case of Aratuc v. Commission on Elections, it was
held that this Court can not review the errors of the
Commission on
______________
1
718
http://www.central.com.ph/sfsreader/session/00000158b3f7874d8aa28e46003600fb002c009e/t/?o=False
28/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
Supra.
1972 Luto v. Ong, Elec. Protest, No. EP08 (Const. Con.), September 4,
1972 Liwag, Juan, Chmn.
http://www.central.com.ph/sfsreader/session/00000158b3f7874d8aa28e46003600fb002c009e/t/?o=False
29/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
719
719
30/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
___________
7
4, 1972, 3.
720
720
Id., 45.
Id., 56.
10
Delegate Abalos E.
Delegate Bacaltos
Delegate Ablan
Delegate Badelles
Delegate Abueg
Delegate Baguilat
http://www.central.com.ph/sfsreader/session/00000158b3f7874d8aa28e46003600fb002c009e/t/?o=False
31/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
Delegate Abundo
Delegate Baradi
Delegate Adil
Delegate Barbero
Delegate Alanis
Delegate Bautista
Delegate Alano
Delegate Belo
Delegate Amante
Delegate Blancia
Delegate Anni
Delegate Bongbong
Delegate Apalisok
Delegate Borja
Delegate Arabejo
Delegate Borra
721
721
Delegate Laggui
Delegate Buen
Delegate Lazo
Delegate Bugnosen
Delegate Ledesma C.
Delegate Cainglet
Delegate Legaspi
Delegate Calderon C.
Delegate Leviste C.
Delegate Calderon P.
Delegate Lim P.
Delegate Caliwara
Delegate Lim R.
Delegate Camello
Delegate Macaraya
Delegate Campomanes
Delegate Macias
Delegate Canilao
Delegate Madrillejos
Delegate Carrillo
Delegate Mamenta
Delegate Castillo P.
Delegate Mapupuno
Delegate Castro
Delegate Mario
Delegate Catan
Delegate Mendiola
Delegate Ceniza
Delegate Mijares
Delegate Clemente
Delegate Misa
Delegate Corpus
Delegate Montejo
Delegate David
Delegate Montinola
Delegate Davide
Delegate Olmedo
Delegate De Guzman
Delegate Ong
Delegate De la Serna
Delegate Ozamiz
Delegate Encarnacion
Delegate Panotes
Delegate Pepito
Delegate Estaniel
Delegate Pimentel A.
Delegate Estrella
Delegate Quibranza
Delegate Exmundo
Delegate Quintero
http://www.central.com.ph/sfsreader/session/00000158b3f7874d8aa28e46003600fb002c009e/t/?o=False
32/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
Delegate Flores A.
Delegate Quirino
Delegate Flores T.
Delegate Reyes G.
Delegate Garcia J.
Delegate Rodriguez B.
Delegate Gaudiel
Delegate Rodriguez P.
Delegate Gonzaga
Delegate Romualdo
Delegate Guevara
Delegate Sabio
Delegate Guirnalda
Delegate Salazar A.
Delegate Guzman
Delegate Sangkula
Delegate Hilado
Delegate Santillan
Delegate Hocson
Delegate Santos O.
Delegate Ignacio
Delegate Sarmiento
Delegate Kintanar J.
Delegate Serapio
Delegate Lachica
Delegate Serrano
Delegate Lagamon
Delegate Sinco
722
722
Delegate Britanico
Delegate Tanopo
Delegate Cabal
Delegate Tingson
Delegate Calaycay
Delegate Tolentino
Delegate Calderon J.
Delegate Trono
Delegate Capulong
Delegate Tupaz A.
Delegate Castilo N.
Delegate Valdez
Delegate Catubig
Delegate Velasco
Delegate Cea
Delegate Verzola
Delegate Claver
Delegate Villar
Delegate Concordia
Delegate Vinzons
Delegate Cruz
Delegate Viterbo
Delegate De la Cruz
Delegate Yap
Delegate De la Paz
Delegate Yulo A.
Delegate De Lima
Delegate Zafra
Delegate De Pio
The President
Delegate Deavit
Delegate Abad
Delegate Esparrago
Delegate Abalos F.
Delegate Espina
Delegate Abubakar
Delegate Espiritu R.
Delegate Aguilar
Delegate Fajardo
http://www.central.com.ph/sfsreader/session/00000158b3f7874d8aa28e46003600fb002c009e/t/?o=False
33/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
Delegate Albano
Delegate Falgui
Delegate Aldaba
Delegate Fernan
Delegate Alfelor
Delegate Fernandez
Delegate Alonto
Delegate Gagan
Delegate Amatong
Delegate Garcia A.
Delegate Ampatuan
Delegate Garcia F.
Delegate Angara
Delegate Angala
Delegate Antonio
Delegate Gordon
Delegate Araneta T.
Delegate Gunigundo
Delegate Aruego
Delegate Hermoso
Delegate Astilla
Delegate Hortinela
Delegate Azcuna
Delegate Imperial
Delegate Balane
Delegate Jamir
Delegate Balindong
Delegate Johnston
Delegate Barrera
Delegate Juaban
Delegate Bengzon
Delegate Kintanar S.
Delegate Laurel
723
723
Delegate Raquiza
Delegate Ledesma O.
Delegate Restor
Delegate Leido
Delegate Reyes B.
Delegate Lobregat
Delegate Reyes C.
Delegate Lobrin
Delegate Reyes J.
Delegate Locsin J.
Delegate Reyes P.
Delegate Locsin M.
Delegate Robles
Delegate Madarang
Delegate Roco
Delegate Martinez
Delegate Rosales
Delegate Mastura
Delegate Ruben
Delegate Matas
Delegate Sagadal
Delegate Mendoza
Delegate Sagmit
Delegate Molina
Delegate Saguin
Delegate Montilla
Delegate Salazar R.
Delegate Mordeno
Delegate Salva
Delegate Nisce
Delegate Sambolawan
http://www.central.com.ph/sfsreader/session/00000158b3f7874d8aa28e46003600fb002c009e/t/?o=False
34/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
Delegate Nuguid
Delegate Sanchez
Delegate Oca
Delegate Santelices
Delegate Opinion
Delegate Santiago
Delegate Ordoez
Delegate Santos E.
Delegate Ortega
Delegate Sarraga
Delegate Ortiz P.
Delegate Sarte
Delegate Ortiz R.
Delegate Sawit
Delegate Pacificador
Delegate Seares
Delegate Padiernos
Delegate Sevilla
Delegate Padua C.
Delegate Padua M.
Delegate Sinsuat
Delegate Pangandaman
Delegate Sison A.
Delegate Paredes
Delegate Sison E.
Delegate Piit
Delegate Sorogan
Delegate Pimentel V.
Delegate Suarez
Delegate Pingoy
Delegate Syjuco
Delegate Ponchinlan
Delegate Teodoro
Delegate Primicias
Delegate Teves
Delegate Purisma
Delegate Tirador
Delegate Puruganan
Delegate Tirol
Delegate Puzon
Delegate Tocao
Delegate Quintos
Delegate Trillana
Delegate Ramos
Delegate Tupaz D.
724
724
35/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
Delegate Yaneza
Delegate Veloso D.
Delegate Yaranon
Delegate Veloso I.
Delegate Yiguez
Delegate Villadelgado
Delegate Yuzon
Delegate Yancha
Delegate Zosa
11
*
725
36/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
726
37/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
38/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
Northern Samar
Convention.
to
the
1971
Constitutional
727
39/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
728
40/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
729
41/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
730
42/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
731
43/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
Burca vs. Republic, G.R. No. L24252, January 30, 1967, 19 SCRA
186.
732
732
44/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
Sia Reyes vs. Deportation Board, No. L31763, May 30, 1983, 122 SCRA 478.
10
G.R. No. L11499, April 29, 1961, 1 SCRA citing U.S. vs. Sponrer, 175 Fed.
440.
733
733
45/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
Cuaski Tan Si vs. Republic, G.R. No. L18006, October 31, 1962, 6
SCRA 545.
12
Labo vs. COMELEC, G.R. No. 86564, August 1, 1989, 176 SCRA 1.
734
734
http://www.central.com.ph/sfsreader/session/00000158b3f7874d8aa28e46003600fb002c009e/t/?o=False
46/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
Tan vs. Republic, G.R. No. L28706, January 30, 1971, 37 SCRA 353.
14
735
47/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
16
17
736
http://www.central.com.ph/sfsreader/session/00000158b3f7874d8aa28e46003600fb002c009e/t/?o=False
48/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
Nitafan vs. Commissioner of Internal Revenue, G.R. No. L78780, July 23,
737
737
49/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
has been debated before and is being debated even now. We will
recall that during the 1971 Constitutional Convention, the status
of naturalborn citizenship of one of the delegates, Mr. Ang, was
challenged precisely because he was a citizen by election. Finally,
the 1971 Constitutional Convention considered him a natural
born citizen, one of the requirements to be a Member of the 1971
Constitutional Convention. The reason behind that decision was
that a person under his circumstances already had the inchoate
right to be a citizen by the fact that the mother was a Filipino.
And as a matter of fact, the 1971 Constitutional Convention
formalized that recognition by adopting paragraph 2 of Section 1
of the 1971 Constitution. So, the entire purpose of this proviso is
simply to perhaps remedy whatever injustice there may be so that
these people born before January 17, 1973 who are not
naturalized and people who are not natural born but who are in
the same situation as we are considered naturalborn citizens. So,
the intention19 of the Committee in proposing this is to equalize
their status.
20
http://www.central.com.ph/sfsreader/session/00000158b3f7874d8aa28e46003600fb002c009e/t/?o=False
50/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
738
738
51/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
21
739
Acar vs. Rosal, G.R. No. L21707, March 18, 1967, 19 SCRA 625.
23
24
http://www.central.com.ph/sfsreader/session/00000158b3f7874d8aa28e46003600fb002c009e/t/?o=False
52/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
The said party shall accompany the aforesaid statement with the oath of
allegiance to the Constitution and the Government of the Philippines.
SECTION 2. If the party concerned is absent from the
740
740
http://www.central.com.ph/sfsreader/session/00000158b3f7874d8aa28e46003600fb002c009e/t/?o=False
53/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
26
741
54/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
742
55/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
candidate was the real victor, the former must retire in favor of the
latter. In the other case, there is not, strictly speaking, a contest, as the
wreath of victory cannot be transferred from an ineligible to any other
candidate when the sole question is the eligibility of
______________
28
Luison vs. Garcia, No. L10981, April 25, 1958, 103 Phil. 453.
29
30
Llamoso vs. Ferrer, et al. No. L2470. August 30, 1949, 84 Phil. 490.
743
743
56/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
Geronimo vs. Ramos, G.R. No. 60504, May 14, 1985, 136 SCRA 435.
32
744
57/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
35
745
http://www.central.com.ph/sfsreader/session/00000158b3f7874d8aa28e46003600fb002c009e/t/?o=False
58/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
746
59/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
747
60/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
748
61/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
Edilberto Del Valle vs. Emil Ong (SPC No. 8469) scheduled at
3:00 oclock this afternoon, or any other day, except to dismiss the
same. This is without prejudice to any appropriate action that
private respondent may wish to take after the elections. (italics
supplied)
749
62/63
11/30/2016
SUPREMECOURTREPORTSANNOTATEDVOLUME199
can not prevail over, but must yield to the majesty of the
Constitution.
This is a sad day for the Constitution. As I see it, the
Constitution mandates that members of the House of
Representatives should be naturalborn citizens of the
Philippines. The voting majority of the present Court says,
Filipino citizens will do. This is bad enough. What is
worse is, the same voting majority, in effect, says, even
aliens will do as well.
WHEREFORE, my vote is clear: to declare private
respondent Jose L. Ong Chua, Jr., as he clearly is, NOT a
naturalborn citizen of the Philippines and therefore NOT
QUALIFIED to be a Member of the House of
Representatives, Congress of the Philippines.
Petitions dismissed. Decision affirmed.
Note.The exercise of the right of suffrage and the
participation in election exercise constitute a positive act of
election of Philippine Citizenship. (In re: Florencio Mallare,
59 SCRA 45.)
o0o
750
Copyright2016CentralBookSupply,Inc.Allrightsreserved.
http://www.central.com.ph/sfsreader/session/00000158b3f7874d8aa28e46003600fb002c009e/t/?o=False
63/63