17/10/2016

HazardousAreasClassificationNorthAmerica

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HazardousAreasClassificationNorthAmerica
NorthAmericanhazardouslocationsclassificationinclasses,divisionsandgroups
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Electricaldevicesusedinhazardousareasneedtobecertifiedforuseaccordingtherequirementsspecifiedforthe
area.
InNorthAmericacertificationisprovidedby
FactoryMutualAnapprovalagencyprimarilyconcernedwithinsuranceunderwriting.
UnderwritersLaboratoriesAnindependent,notforprofitproductsafetytestingandcertificationorganization.
CanadianStandardsAssociationAnotforprofitmembershipbasedassociationservingbusiness,industry,
governmentandconsumersinCanadadevelopingstandardsaddressingpublicsafetyandhealth.
Thetypesofprotectionrequireddependsontheriskinvolvedinthearea.
IngeneralhazardouslocationsinNorthAmericaareseparatedbyclasses,divisions,andgroupstodefinethelevelof
safetyrequiredforequipmentinstalledintheselocations.

Insulation
Classes
MaterialProperties
Theclassesdefinesthegeneralnatureofhazardousmaterialinthesurroundingatmosphere.
Mathematics
Mechanics
Class
HazardousMaterialinSurroundingAtmosphere
BeamsandColumns
Hazardousbecauseflammablegasesorvaporsare
Miscellaneous
ClassI
presentintheairinquantitiessufficienttoproduce
Physiology
explosiveorignitablemixtures.
PipingSystems
Hazardousbecausecombustibleorconductive
CodesandStandards
ClassII
dustsarepresent.
Corrosion
DesignStrategies
Hazardousbecauseignitablefibersorflying'sare
Dimensions
present,butnotlikelytobeinsuspensionin
ClassIII
FluidFlowandPressure
sufficientquantitiestoproduceignitablemixtures.
Drop

(Groupclassificationsarenotappliedtothisclass.)

HeatLossandInsulation
PressureRatings
Divisions
TemperatureExpansion
Thedivisiondefinestheprobabilityofhazardousmaterialbeingpresentinanignitableconcentrationinthe
ValveStandards
surroundingatmosphere.
ProcessControl

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HazardousAreasClassificationNorthAmerica

ProcessControl
ControlValves
Documentation
FluidFlowmeters
Risk,Reliabilityand

Division

PresenceofHazardousMaterial

Division1

Thesubstancereferredtobyclassispresentduring
normalconditions.

Safety

Thesubstancereferredtobyclassispresentonly

Temperature

Division2

Measurement

Pumps
Standards
Organizations
Steamand
Condensate

inabnormalconditions,suchasacontainerfailure
orsystembreakdown.

Groups
Thegroupdefinesthehazardousmaterialinthesurroundingatmosphere.

ControlValvesand
Equipment
FlashSteam
HeatLossandInsulation
PipeSizing
Thermodynamics

Thermodynamics
WaterSystems

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Group

HazardousMaterialinSurroundingAtmosphere

GroupA

Acetylene

GroupB

Hydrogen,fuelandcombustibleprocessgases
containingmorethan30%hydrogenbyvolumeor
gasesofequivalenthazardsuchasbutadiene,
ethylene,oxide,propyleneoxideandacrolein.

GroupC

Ethylandethyleneorgasesofequivalenthazard.

GroupD

Gasoline,acetone,ammonia,benzene,butane,
cyclopropane,ethanol,hexane,methanol,
methane,naturalgas,naphtha,propaneorgases
ofequivalenthazard.

GroupE

Combustiblemetaldusts,includingaluminum,
magnesiumandtheircommercialalloysorother
combustibledustswhoseparticlesize,abrasiveness
andconductivitypresentsimilarhazardsin
connectionwithelectricalequipment.

GroupF

Carbonaceousdusts,coalblack,charcoal,coalor
cokeduststhathavemorethan8%totalentrapped
volatilesorduststhathavebeensesitizedbyother
materialsotheypresentanexplosionhazard.

GroupG

Flourdust,grain,wood,plasticandchemicals.

ThespecifichazardousmaterialswithineachgroupandtheirautomaticignitiontemperaturescanbefoundinArticle
500oftheNationalElectricalCodeandinNFPA497.
GroupA,B,CandDapplytoclassIlocations.GroupE,FandGapplytoclassIIlocations.

TemperatureCode
.

Amixtureofhazardousgasesandairmayigniteincontactwithahotsurface.Theconditionforignitiondependson
severalfactorsassurfacearea,temperatureandconcentrationofgas.
Equipmentapprovedreceivesatemperaturecodeindicatingthemaximumsurfacetemperatureoftheequipment.
TemperatureCode

MaximumSurfaceTemperature

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TemperatureCode

HazardousAreasClassificationNorthAmerica
oF

oC

T1

842

450

T2

572

300

T2A

536

280

T2B

500

260

T2C

446

230

T2D

419

215

T3

392

200

T3A

356

180

T3B

329

165

T3C

320

160

T4

275

135

T4A

248

120

T5

212

100

T6

185

85

Equipmentthatnotexceedamaximumsurfacetemperatureof212 oF(104 oFambienttemperature)isnotrequiredto

bemarkedwithatemperaturecode(NEC).
Recommendedreadingforthistopic:
NationalElectricalCode,NFPA70,Chapter5,Article500
29CFR1910SubpartS,Electrical1910.307
NFPA497,"ClassificationofGases,Vapors,andDustsforElectricalEquipmentinHazardousClassified
Locations"
NFPAHandbook,"ElectricalInstallationsinHazardousLocations,"byP.J.SchramandM.W.Earley
NFPA70E,Chapter5,"Hazardous(Classified)Locations"
NFPA325,"FireHazardPropertiesofFlammableLiquids,Gases,andVolatileSolids"
ANSI/UL913,"IntrinsicallySafeApparatus"
NFPA496,"PurgedandPressurizedEnclosureforElectricalEquipmentinHazardousLocations."
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andmore
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