I.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

In this laboratory session, we determine the mechanical properties of materials

common to marine structures. For this we have done two experiments one of
traction and another of flexion to samples of materials like aluminium, steel and
bronze. In the first experiment tensions were applied to aluminium and steel
specimens until the rupture occurred. In this test, we obtained data of applied
load in intervals of time, with these we could obtain the graph of stress vs
deformation. To determine the stresses of maximum stress and rupture, in
addition to the yield stress and reduction in the cross-sectional area of the
specimen. While for the second part, the experiment of four point bending test
was carried out, in which the unitary deformations in both directions were
measured through extensometers, which correlates the Poisson coefficient. It
was also possible to obtain the Young's Module through an empirical equation
that relates the longitudinal deformation of the test rod with the applied load and
the relative positions of the supports and the loads. The results and graphs
obtained coincide with the standard values of the properties already known of
the materials used for the experiments.

II.

INTRODUCTION

If a material is stressed, the length of the material increases and eventually, if

the force applied is large, the material may rupture. In this report, will study the
connection between the effects of forces (stresses) and the deformations that
they produce in a sample of material.
The stress test is used to evaluate various mechanical properties of the
materials that are important in the design, within which the resistance of metals
and alloys is emphasized.
The mechanical properties that are important engineering and can be deduced
from the stress-strain test are:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Young modulus
Elastic limit at 0.2%
Maximum tensile strength
Percentage of fracture elongation
Percentage reduction in fracture area

When a rod is flexed, it undergoes an elongation by its convex portion and a

contraction by the concave. The elastic characteristics of the rod are
determined by the Young's modulus of the material of which it is made and its
Poisson's coefficient, . Thus, the value of said modulus can be determined by
bending experiments.

III.

SUMMARY OF EXPERIMENT DESIGN

a. PROBLEM STATEMENT

General Objective: To determine experimentally basic mechanical

properties of common marine structural materials.
o Specific objective:
Experiment 1: To determine Young modulus and Poisson
ratio of some structural materials.
Experiment 2: To determine yield strength, yield point
elongation, tensile strength, elongation, and reduction of
area.

Problem:
o Experiment 1: Aluminum and steel specimens under stress
o Experiment 2: Aluminum, steel and bronze rods under flexion

Hypothesis:
o Experiment 1: Strictly the Hookes Law is worth up to the
proportionality limit
o Experiment 2: The elastic characteristics of a material are defined
by its Young's modulus and its Poisson coefficient.

b. VARIABLES
Direct variables:
o Experiment 1: Length, Breadth, Thickness, Load
o Experiment 2: Load, Length between loads, Length between
supports, Breadth, Thickness.
Indirect variables:
o Experiment 1: Stress, Strain.
o Experiment 2: Young modulus, Poisson ratio, Strain.