OMD2 platform dedicated to HPC Optimisation

ScilabTEC 2011
cole Polytechnique
ACKNOWLEDGMENT: This work has been supported by French National
Research Agency (ANR) through COSINUS program (project OMD2 n ANR-08COSI-007)

Guillaume Jacquenot, SIREHNA

Contributors :
Luc Bordier, SIREHNA
Vincent Couvert, DIGITEO SCILAB
Maryan Sidorkiewicz, RENAULT (coordinator)

INTRODUCTION
Top 500
Ranking of the 500 top supercomputers in the world
Deliver trends in high-performance computing

=> Increase of power computation allows to consider new simulation

possibilities
Source : www.top500.org
Classical CPU : 5GFlop/s
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SUMMARY

01
02
03
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OMD2 PROJECT : HPC & CFD OPTIMISATION

INDUSTRIAL CONTEXT, OBJECTIVES

TEST CASES
FROM 2D CASE TO FULL 3D INDUSTRIAL OPTIMISATION
SCILAB PLATFORM
A REMOTE NUMERICAL WORKFLOW
OUTLOOK
DELIVERABLES, WORK IN PROGRESS, DISSEMINATION

01

OMD2 PROJECT : HPC & CFD OPTIMISATION

CONTEXT

Economical and environmental issues

Product development processes are regularly shortened
Car manufacturing specific problems:
Reduce pollutant emissions and fuel consumption
CO2 and EURO VI regulation

Numerical optimization issues

Computation time
Decision making tool
Multidisciplinarity

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01

OMD2 PROJECT : HPC & CFD OPTIMISATION

HPC ACTIVITY

Main objectives :
Reduce mock-up process and improve size and precision of
modelling
Innovate and improve customer requirements
Reduce simulation time

Field of applications:
Crash, powertrain,
CFD : External aerodynamic, Exhaust line, HVAC

Source : Renault & Sirehna

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OMD2 PROJECT : HPC & CFD OPTIMISATION

FOCUS ON CFD APPLICATIONS & OBJECTIVES

01

Some figures
Ship engineering : Small variations on a ship hull can increase wave resistance
of several percents
Car engineering : +/- 1mm of manufacturing dispersion on the cylinderhead => 20% of performance (worst case)

Main difficulties
Lack of automation of the numerical process
Expensive cost of HPC licenses
Mainly local optimization

Work in progress
Large scale optimization techniques
Topological optimization
Software benchmarking
Cloud computing
Source : Renault
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02

TEST CASES
FROM 2D CASE TO FULL 3D INDUSTRIAL OPTIMISATION

List of test cases from OMD2 project

2D case CFD HVAC pipe
3D case CFD HVAC pipe
3D case CFD Rear-view mirror
3D case CFD External
aerodynamics on a car
3D case CFD Cylinderhead
3D case CFD Ship hull

Source : Renault & Sirehna

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TEST CASES
FROM 2D CASE TO FULL 3D INDUSTRIAL OPTIMISATION

2D case HVAC pipe

Objective of test case:
Test of methods and algorithms proposed :
- Hybrid optimisation with use of partial
convergence algorithm (Developed by V.
Picheny at ECP)
- Prepare procedures for 3D complex cases

Objective of the problem : Find the

optimal geometry to :
F1 : Minimise the pressure loss between inlet
and outlet
F2 : Minimise of the standard deviation of the
output speed profile

Geometry described with 13 parameters

Use of openFoam for computation
3 min on a classical computer
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Source : Sirehna

02

TEST CASES
FROM 2D CASE TO FULL 3D INDUSTRIAL OPTIMISATION

Population evolution in space objectives

F1 : Minimisation of the pressure loss between inlet and outlet
F2 : Minimisation of the standard deviation of the output speed profile

Random initialization, NSGA-II, 20 generations, 32 individuals (640 solutions evaluated)~=2hr

Source : Sirehna
computation. All computations run from Scilab.
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TEST CASES
FROM 1D CASE TO FULL 3D INDUSTRIAL OPTIMISATION

02

Pareto front found and associated pressure profiles

Source : Sirehna
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TEST CASES
FROM 1D CASE TO FULL 3D INDUSTRIAL OPTIMISATION

02

Pareto front found and associated speed profiles

Source : Sirehna
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02

TEST CASES
FROM 1D CASE TO FULL 3D INDUSTRIAL OPTIMISATION

Simple writing of function

//-------------------------------------------------------------------------//--- EGO -----------------------------------------------------------------//--- Run EGO using R and load new point ------------------------------if verbose then
R_executable_disp = " > " + optim_directory + "R_log_" + sprintf("%03d",1) + ".txt";
R_executable_disp = R_executable_disp + " 2> " + optim_directory + "R_log_" + sprintf("%03d",1) + "_Error.txt";
else
R_executable_disp = "";
end
unix(R_executable+" < run_EGO_quantile.2.R --no-save --args " + optim_directory + " " + R_executable_disp);
for j = 1:nOptimStep
disp("--------------------------------------------------------------");
disp("----------------------------- "+sprintf("%03d",j)+" ----------------------------");
xnew = fscanfMat(optim_directory + "xnew.txt");
eqi = fscanfMat(optim_directory + "eqi.txt");
qk
= fscanfMat(optim_directory + "qk.txt");
qmin = min(qk);
//--- Compute distance between new point and existing points ----------dist_to_PX = zeros(1, nobs);
for i = 1:nobs
dist_to_PX(i) = norm(px(i,:) - xnew);
end
[mindist Iclosest] = min(dist_to_PX);
//--- Run new experiment ----------------------------------------------if mindist > 1e-2
//--- Case 1: xnew does not exist already -------------------------iobs = nobs + 1;
// Run simulation at new point
directory = optim_directory + "xp_" + sprintf("%03d",iobs) + filesep();
Xnew = xnew.*(UB - LB) + Xbar;
select problemName
case "Test"
ynew = test7d(Xnew) + normrnd(0,alltau2(1));
case "OMD2Case1

Source : Sirehna
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02

TEST CASES
FROM 1D CASE TO FULL 3D INDUSTRIAL OPTIMISATION

3D case HVAC pipe

Objective of test case:
Test of the distant computation
Test of the partial convergence
method

Objective of the problem :

Similar to the previous one : find an
optimal geometry (8 parameters)

25 min for the evaluation of one

solution (300 000 cells)
=> Large computation times
impose to use HPC for
optimisation
Source : Sirehna
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02

TEST CASES
FROM 2D CASE TO FULL 3D INDUSTRIAL OPTIMISATION

3D case HVAC pipe

Software used :
Geometry generated with Catia
Mesh generated with StarCCM+
Solver : OpenFoam
Use of ProActive as Middleware

Distributed computations :
Use of HPC PACAGrid (Sophia Antipolis)
Use of Catia as a web service (Nantes)

Source : Sirehna
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02

TEST CASES
FROM 2D CASE TO FULL 3D INDUSTRIAL OPTIMISATION
OMD2 User
SCILAB PLATEFORM
Parameter files

XML Jobs

Interface Scilab / Proactive

PACA GRID

Results

SIREHNA

INRIA
Server

SIREHNA Server

Web Server
DisCalWS

Dataspace PACA Grid

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Dataspace CATIA

02

TEST CASES
FROM 2D CASE TO FULL 3D INDUSTRIAL OPTIMISATION

Example of a remote use by WUT since january 2011 (Warsaw University

Technology)
WUT
CAD parameters
Local
open source
middleware

CATIA
Webservice

CAD geometry
HPC PACA Grid
(1200 cores)
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02

TEST CASES
FROM 2D CASE TO FULL 3D INDUSTRIAL OPTIMISATION

Population evolution in space objectives

F1 : Minimisation of the pressure loss between inlet and outlet
F2 : Minimisation of the standard deviation of the output speed profile

Random intialization, NSGA-II, 20 generations, 32 individuals (640 solutions evaluated)~=11days

Source : Sirehna
computation on a single CPU
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TEST CASES
FROM 2D CASE TO FULL 3D INDUSTRIAL OPTIMISATION

02

Objective of test case:

Demonstrate the use of a multi-level modelling on an industrial test case,
with use of distributed computation
Objective of problem
From an initial ship hull without bulbous bow, find an optimised ship hull
with a bow that minimize the forward resistance and decrease motions at
sea

Source : Sirehna
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TEST CASES
FROM 2D CASE TO FULL 3D INDUSTRIAL OPTIMISATION

02

3D case Ship hull optimisation (Cochise project)

Two objectives :
Reduce ship resistance for a speed of 10 kt
Reduce acceleration at the rear point ( Seakeeping criteria )
Constraints :
Length of the ship
Length at waterline
Displacement
Longitudinal CoG (LCG)
Metacenter (GM)
Geometrical parameters :
6 global parameters
+ 4 parameters for the bulbous bow
Cochise: Project partially funded by French Fisheries Organisation
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Source : Sirehna

TEST CASES
FROM 2D CASE TO FULL 3D INDUSTRIAL OPTIMISATION

02

Numerical facts
Mesh : 1.5e6 cells for a half-hull
Use of 12 cores with PACA Grid for CFD computation (StarCCM+)
One CFD computation : 10 hrs

=> No optimisation can be

performed directly
=> Develop a set of strategies to
obtain results with the less
computation time
Modelling
Simulation
Optimisation
Computation

Source : Sirehna
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02

TEST CASES
FROM 2D CASE TO FULL 3D INDUSTRIAL OPTIMISATION

Multilevel optimisation strategies on ship hull (COCHISE project) :

Software tools used: CATIA REVA AQUA+ - STARCCM+
Use of modeFrontier to perform optimisation
Multilevel modelling : Use of potential code and viscous code (RANS equation)
Automatic stop of simulation based on convergence criteria
Restart of new solution with mapping techniques ( Closest solution fields from
previous computed hulls are used to initialize the new solution field)
Multi-model approach : Optimisation of hull without bulbous bow in a first time, then
optimisation with the bulbous bow
Use of surface response meta-model to increase optimization speed

Source : Sirehna
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TEST CASES
FROM 2D CASE TO FULL 3D INDUSTRIAL OPTIMIZATION

02

Objective space view

Each point represents a design / solution in the objective space

-25%

START
- 4.5%

Add of a bulbous bow : Reduction of 25% on the forward resistance

Source : Sirehna
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03

SCILAB PLATFORM
A REMOTE NUMERICAL WORKFLOW

OMD2/CSDL (Complex Systems Design Lab) projects

collaboration
Will be available on Scilab forge
http://forge.scilab.org/index.php/p/omd2/
Private project up to first release

Scilab Optimization Platform

Batch mode (script edition, large scale execution)
GUI mode (interactive edition, prototyping)

Will become Scilab external module available through ATOMS

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SCILAB PLATFORM
A REMOTE NUMERICAL WORKFLOW

Platform features
Platform organised in different modules
- Data management
- Modelling
- Optimisation
- Visualisation

Wrapper
- Scilab algorithms
- External tools
- ProActive

Mask complexity for users

Source : Digiteo
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SCILAB
Platform

03

SCILAB PLATFORM
A REMOTE NUMERICAL WORKFLOW
MMI for interaction (Definition of strategies, parameters ,)
- Simulation (Number of cells, iterations, )
- Optimisation (NSGA2, )
- Modelling (DACE, Lolimot, )
MMI to build test case
-Design parameters
(X1,X2,X3,)
-Responses (F1,F2,F3,)

API SCILAB ->

Proactive

Test case

ProActive

XML Job

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-CATIA
-CCM+
-OpenFOAM
-Pretreatment / Posttreatment

DOE
X
F(X)

Sensitivy
analysis
Metamodelling
Optimisation

F(X)
API Proactive -> SCILAB
Cas test 2,3,4,5,

Execution
on
PACAgrid

03

SCILAB PLATFORM
A REMOTE NUMERICAL WORKFLOW

Data management module

Factors/Parameters:
- Load existing Design Of Experiments (Isight .db
files, )
- Generate Design Of Experiments:
- DoE generator wrappers (lhs, )
- DoE generator settings

Responses simulation using:

- External tool (openFOAM, Catia,CCM+, )
- Scilab function

2D visualization:
- Factor / Factor
- Response / Factor

Source : Digiteo
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03

SCILAB PLATFORM
A REMOTE NUMERICAL WORKFLOW

Modelling management module

Point selection:
- Learning points used for modelling
- Validation points used to validate model
- Bad points (simulation issue, )

Modeler:
- Selected among modeler wrappers (DACE,
Lolimot, ...)
- Parameters configuration
- Multiple model management with best model
user selection

Visualization:
- 2D models
- Cross correlation
- Sensitivity analysis
Source : Digiteo
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SCILAB PLATFORM
A REMOTE NUMERICAL WORKFLOW

Optimization module
Responses coefficients values setting
Optimize
- Selection among generic wrappers (optim,
fmincon, genetic algorithms, )
- Optimizer configuration
- Enable two chained optimizers

Visualization
- Optimal point
- Pareto fronts
- Robustness

Source : Digiteo
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04

OUTLOOK
DELIVERABLES, WORK IN PROGRESS, DISSEMINATION

OMD2
3D CAD parametric modelling & optimisation
Automation of distributed tool chain
Development of specific and appropriate
algorithms and strategies dedicated to large
optimisation problems

Scilab
Use of open-source software in industrial context
Fast integration of optimization algorithms
Integration of test cases in the platform
All developments are to be included in an ATOMS
module (End of 2012)

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Thanks for your attention !!

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