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Source #3
A. Rix, A. (1989). Japan's foreign aid policy: a capacity for leadership?. Pacific Affairs

,
461-475.
B. Source Validation: THis source is part of the a journal called Pacific Affairs, published
by the University of British Columbia, and it is written by Alan Rix.
C. How did you find this source?: I found this source on Google Scholar and it led me to
JSTOR.
D. Intended audience: This article is intended for researching students and scholars about
the Pacific, more specifically on Japan. Anyone who is interested in Japanese foreign
policy and Japans status in the international community can also read this article.
E. What arguments/topics does this source discuss?: This source talks about Japans
foreign aid policy in relation to other international donors. Alan Rix states in the article
that Japans assistance to the developing world is based more on a global responsibility
with its increasing GDP and world standing as opposed to an initiator and leader. So,
despite the vast amount of capital donated, Japans donations are of low quality. Japan
has the highest percentage of untied loans which to relief countries in debt. The majority
of Japanese aid goes to Asian countries and the Pacific based on the concepts of
diplomacy and cooperation. But, there are many mistrusts towards this dominant donor
and its intentions. A central issue with Japans foreign policy is that it is comparatively
overstaffed with more yen to deal with than its counterparts and less people for
management. The Japanese government is also divided on the management and
implementation of aid, resulting in the lack of a guided policy for aid planning.
F. Minimum 3 quotes, paraphrases, summaries of source text that seem likely to be
helpful in future writing:
a. Due to understaffing, 1,690,000 million yen goes unspent each year
b. Japan is the 2nd in position in terms of capital and voting rights in the World
Bank and International Development Association and Japans foreign aid
objectives remain largely independent of other donor interests.

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c. There is a dislocation between the political and administrative structures for aid,
causing foreign aid to be under represented in the government. Other reasons for
underrepresentation are historical background and bureaucratic interests.

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