De La Salle University Dasmarias

School Year 2016-2017, First Semester

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, ARCHITECTURE AND TECHNOLOGY

Electronic and Multimedia Learning: YouTube video clips

Water Treatment Videos Part 1

Water Treatment Videos Part 2

Title: Sedimentation Process

Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=seFuFG_x-b8

Title: How Desalination Works

Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_H8EDLFNDtI

Title: Drinking Water: Sedimentation and Chlorination

Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wv1NlRDjtFM

Title: Sewage Treatment Plants (STP) from Envicare

Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XpTl4OjYPH8

Title: How does flocculation / flotation work? (video)

Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aMcamQJxFHs

Title: Reverse osmosis

Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lCkG3O2sJ2I

Title: Water Chlorination

Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Ve-ks-fU3M

Title: Wastewater Treatment Plant Tour - Flush To Finish

Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pRaptzcp9G4

Title: Water and You

Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KMP9-49I1U4
Calculations: Estimating Sewage flows, Water treatment Plant and wastewater treatment plant design
Sewage flow, like water consumption, will vary with the time of day, day of the week, season of the year and weather conditions. The variations from
the mean are less that those observed in water supply because the sewers do not flow full and thus provide a degree of equalization. Data have
been collected in many communities which permit estimation of the ration of peak and minimum flows to the average as a function if either average
flow or population. For areas now served with sewers, wastewater flows are commonly determined from existing records of by direct field
measurements. For new developments, wastewater flows are derived from an analysis of population data and corresponding projected unit rates of
water consumption or from estimates of per capita wastewater flow rates from similar communities. As in water system design, the engineer must
select appropriate periods of design and determine which flow rate is to be used for different components of the sewerage system.
Methods of Estimating Quantity of Sewage
1. Gauging flows in existing sewers system and making appropriate connections for future requirements.
2. Estimating the various components of flow if there is no existing sewer system.
a. Domestic and commercial flow
1. 70-80% of water consumption
2. 50-100 gcpd per acre
3. 15,000 - 60,000 gpd per acre
b. Commercial flow - 25,000 gpd per acre
c. Industrial flow
1. Actual survey of all existing and proposed industrial buildings
2. 10,000-15,000 gpd per acre
d. Infiltration
1. 2,000-200,000 gpd per mile
2. 300-1,500 gpd per acre
e. Storm Flow
1. Rational methon. Use Q= 0.278 CIA (good for 3 square kilometer area only)
2. Q = 2.4 times dry weather flow
3. Empirical Formula

For more information, contact Engr. Bryan Fabon thru mrfabon@dlsud.edu.ph or visit Candito Tirona Hall Room CTH214 during consultation hours or by appointment.
Version 1.0.2016.08.30

De La Salle University Dasmarias

School Year 2016-2017, First Semester

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, ARCHITECTURE AND TECHNOLOGY

Sample Problem 1. Water Treatment Plant

A community's population is estimated to be 35,000 20 years from now. The present population is 28,000 and the present average water
consumption is 16,000 cubic meters per day. The existing water treatment plant has a design capacity of 19,000 cubic meters per day. Assuming an
arithmetic rate of population growth, determine in what year the plant will reach design capacity.
Step 1. Formula
=

Once we got the average rate, use the average rate to get the number
population that can be served by the plants design capacity.

=
=

Using the same formula, get the population. Algebraically modify the formula.

Capacity is the volume of water or wastewater flow per day. Population is the
count of people. Capita or Per capita is a Latin prepositional phrase: per and
capita The phrase thus means by heads or for each head, i.e., per
individual/person. Rate is the volume used by an individual per day.

= 35, 000
= 28,000
= 16,000
/
= 19,000
/
Convert the word problem into mathematical equation; we need to
comprehensively understand the word problem in order to avoid error in your
equation. P20 is the population after 20 years which is 20,000 capita. PP is the
population in present which is 28,000 capita. The 16,000 cubic meter per day
is the average water consumption or flow of the present population which is
those 28,000 people. 19,000 cubic meter per day is the Water treatment
plant design capacity flow which means, it can only serve the community that
consumes the said flow. In this case, the community must either
expand/upgrade the facility or put up a new facility once the plant reached
the maximum capacity. It is important for the plant to work within its design
capacity to ensure efficiency and proper operation.

Required:

=
The word problem asked to determine in what year the plant will reach
design capacity which means you need to get the number of years the plant
can operate

35,000

Using the equation, P2 is the estimated population in 20 years, P1 is the

present population and t is 20 years,
= 350

Therefore, the annual population growth is 350 people per year. Using the
same equation, we will now determine how many years can the plant operate
until it reach its design capacity.
=

28,000
=

0.57

3/

=
=

3/

Using the same formula, get the t in years. Algebraically modify the formula.

Get the rate or average rate first. Algebraically modify the formula.

16,000

28,000
20

Therefore, the Water Treatment plant can only accommodate the community
of maximum of 33,000 residents. We now proceed to the determination of
the treatment plants serving year. Using Arithmetic Rate of Population
growth.

3/

19,000
0.57 3 /
= 33,000

Step 3. Solution

Step 2. Given and Required

Given:

33,300

28,000
350

Using the equation, P2 is the population that the treatment plant can serve P1
is the present population and t is to be determined,
= 15

Therefore, the water treatment plant can only operate up to 15 years from
the present date.

For more information, contact Engr. Bryan Fabon thru mrfabon@dlsud.edu.ph or visit Candito Tirona Hall Room CTH214 during consultation hours or by appointment.
Version 1.0.2016.08.30