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1
Avior
Control
Technologies,
Inc
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Ave,
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Table of Contents
Introduc)on
10
10
11
13
Sec)on II - Engineering
15
Simula)ng a Deployment
16
17
18
20
2
Avior
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IntroducRon
High
Reliability
Damping
Solu4ons
Aviors
engineers
are
recognized
in
the
industry
as
subject
maYer
experts
for
Eddy
Current
Dampers
and
controlled
deployment
systems.
This
Design
Guideline
Catalog
reects
a
dedicaRon
to
innovaRon
and
conRnuous
improvement
in
the
development
and
implementaRon
of
high
reliability
damping
technologies.
The
features
described
herein
reects
industry
leading
performance
decades
of
experience
in
energy
absorpRon
components
and
gearbox
technologies.
Avior
oers
advanced
Eddy
Current
Damper
(ECD)
technology
that
provides
higher
damping
rate
per
unit
volume,
with
lower
mechanical
and
total
staRc
fricRon
than
compeRng
technologies.
In
addiRon
to
these
performance
enhancements,
Avior
has
developed
a
proprietary
Controlled
Damping
System
(CDS)
and
Passive
Constant
Velocity
Control
Dampers
(CVCDs)
that
will
revoluRonize
synchronous
deployment
and
controlled
deployment
systems.
Avior
oers
the
following
conguraRons
and
opRons
for
our
Eddy
Current
Damping
soluRons:
Passive
Velocity
Control
Dampers
AcRve
Controlled
Damping
System
Passive
Constant
Velocity
Control
Dampers
Torque
LimiRng
Dampers
Customer
Adjustable
Damping
Rate
Low
StaRc
FricRon
Dampers
High
Eciency
/
Low
Backlash
Gearbox
Modules
Dry
LubricaRon
OpRon
30
Kelvin
to
+200C
Available
Bullet-Line
Damping
Module
(Lower
cost,
fewer
components)
Customer
Dened
MounRng
and
Input
Shaj
Interface
Avior
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Reac%on(Torque(Analysis(
180"
Reac-on"Torque"
Simulated'Deployment''
Design"Point"
100$
!40$
140"
120"
80$
90$
80$
70$
Posi%on'(Degrees)'
Reac%on(Torque((Lbf1In)((
160"
Posi%on'vs.'Time'(Over'Temp)'
100"
80"
60"
60$
50$
40$
30$
20$
10$
40"
0$
0$
5$
10$
!10$
20"
15$
20$
25$
30$
35$
%me'(seconds)'
Static Torque (F )
IN
0"
0.000"
0.020"
0.040"
0.060"
0.080"
0.100"
0.120"
0.140"
0.160"
Damper(Velocity((Rad/sec)(
4
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UNITS
SYMBOL
BL
mm
19.05
25.40
31.75
26.97
Nm-sec/Rad
BD
2.94E-05
1.13E-04
5.65E-04
1.70E-04
Bearing FricRon
Nm, Max
Fb
1.36E-04
2.60E-04
3.39E-04
8.48E-04
Nm, Max
Fc
3.16E-04
6.44E-04
1.36E-03
2.54E-03
Nm, Max
FD
4.52E-04
9.04E-04
1.70E-03
3.39E-03
Temperature
Coecient
of
Damping
%/C
-0.4
-0.4
-0.4
-0.2
Damper
DesignaRon
Damper
Diameter
Damping
Rate
C O N V E N T I O N A L
B U L L E T - L I N E
Notes:
1. Performance
Data
is
nominal,
unless
stated,
and
subject
to
change
without
noRce.
2. MagneRc
Coulomb
is
the
residual
magneRsm
torque
between
the
staRonary
magneRc
return
path
and
rotaRng
magnet
assembly.
It
is
a
non-contacRng
force
that
cannot
change
over
Rme.
5
Avior
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T A B L E
2
-
E D D Y
C U R R E N T
D A M P E R
P E R F O R M A N C E
E Q U A T I O N S
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
U N I T S
BD
Nm-sec /Rad
EQUATION
Tabulated
on
page
5
Tabulated
on
page
5
BD2
Nm-sec /Rad
FD
Nm
Gearbox Ratio
FIN
Nm
GX
BIN
Nm-sec /Rad
IN
Nm-sec /Rad
IN =
DBIN
Nm-sec /Rad
DBIN =
TIN_MIN
Nm-sec /Rad
BD 2 = BD (1 (K /100) ( 2 25))
Tabulated
on
page
5
See
Tables
4
through
7
FIN =
N(FD + FG )
1 GX
Tabulated on page 8
TIN FIN
BIN
TIN
IN
6
Avior
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H I G H
P E R F O R M A N C E
P L A N E T A R Y
G E A R B O X E S
Aviors
high
eciency
planetary
gearing
modules
feature
high
grade
materials,
precision
machining
tolerances,
fully
preloaded
ball
bearing
arrangements
and
criRcal
process.
These
design
features
help
contribute
to
the
industries
premium
performance
gearing
modules.
Aviors
criRcal
gearbox
parts
are
inventoried
in
blank
form
so
that
customizaRon
may
be
accommodated
with
responsive
service,
without
compromising
the
integrity
of
the
hardware.
Our
selecRon
of
MSFC-
S P E C - 5 2 2 ,
T a b l e
I
M a t e r i a l s
a s s u r e s
resistance
to
Stress
Corrosion
Cracking,
and
speeds
the
process
during
reviews.
Avior
m a y
p r o v i d e
l o w
o u t g a s s i n g
s p a c e
qualied
lubricaRon
systems
complainant
with
JSC-SPEC-SPR-0022
(<0.1%
CVCM,
<1%
TML).
Cleaning,
parRcle
counts
and
applicaRon
of
barrier
lm
migraRon
inhibitor
are
standard
processes
for
applicaRons
used
in
space
environments.
Our
fully
preloaded
ball
bearing
arrangements
for
the
planetary
cage
carrier
bearings
as
well
as
the
the
bearing
arrangement
on
each
of
the
planetary
gears
provides
full
bearing
rolling
element
contact
with
no
chaYer
during
launch.
These
features
signicantly
increases
eciency,
torsional
and
radial
sRness,
reliability,
radial
load
capacity
and
life
of
the
criRcal
gearbox
components,
while
reducing
backlash.
Avior
may
incorporate
an
in-line
or
right
angle
gearbox
uRlizing
our
standard
modular
design
concept.
Although
this
catalog
only
delineates
our
in-line
actuator
product
line,
right
angle
versions
are
available
in
all
frame
sizes.
Contact
Aviors
engineering
department
for
right
angle
drive
opRons
and
conguraRons.
Table
3
delineates
Aviors
Standard
Planetary
Gearbox
Performance
Data.
Avior
Control
Technologies,
Inc
-
1198
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Ave,
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T A B L E
3
-
P L A N E T A R Y
G E A R B O X
M O D U L E
P E R F O R M A N C E
D A T A
G e a r b o x
Module
G e a r b o x
B e a r i n g
F r i c t i o n
FG
C o e f f i c i e n t
o f
G e a r b o x
D a m p i n g
/ S e e
N o t e
2
GW
GD
G e a r b o x
Diameter
M a s s ( p e r m o d u l e )
M a x
I n t e r m i t t e n t
Torque
T Peak
L b f - I n
Nm
W e t L u b e
D r y L u b e
Inches
mm
Lbm
kg
L b f - I n
Nm
08
1.00E-03
1.13E-04
0.210
0.150
0.750
19.10
0.06
0.028
26
3.0
10
1.00E-03
1.13E-04
0.163
0.110
1.000
25.40
0.19
0.09
80
5.6
13
2.00E-03
2.26E-04
0.163
0.110
1.250
31.75
0.34
0.16
175
20
15
4.00E-03
4.52E-04
0.163
0.110
1.500
38.10
0.56
0.26
350
40
20
8.00E-03
9.04E-04
0.163
0.110
2.000
50.80
1.25
0.57
1200
113
Notes:
1. Gearbox
Bearing
FricRon,
is
reected
to
High
Speed
Damper.
2. Coecient
of
Gearbox
Damping
is
dimensionless.
Dry
lube
opRon
recommended
for
applicaRons
whose
Minimum
OperaRonal
Temperature
is
less
than
-60
C.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Actual
Coecient
for
Gearbox
Damping
for
Wet
Lube
(GW)
is
a
FuncRon
of
Temperature
(),
for
temperatures
below
0
C.
Contact
Aviors
Engineering
Department
for
this
proprietary
equa@on
for
dierent
lubrica@on
op@ons.
ConRnuous
torque
raRngs
dependent
on
gear
raRo,
lubricaRon
system,
input
velociRes,
operaRng
condiRons
and
life
requirements.
Contact
Aviors
engineering
department
for
a
detailed
conRnuous
torque
raRng
assessment.
As
a
general
rule
of
thumb,
one
half
of
the
Maximum
IntermiYent
Torque
is
acceptable
for
conRnuous
operaRon.
In-line
or
right
angle
drives
are
available
in
each
gearbox
frame
size.
Contact
Aviors
Engineering
Department
for
Right-Angle
Drive
ICD
informaRon.
Gearbox
data
is
approximate.
Data
subject
to
change
without
noRce.
Output
shaj
and
mounRng
conguraRon
may
be
customized
for
each
applicaRon.
8
Avior
Control
Technologies,
Inc
-
1198
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Ave,
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CO
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-
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M E C H A N I C A L
I N T E R F A C E
C O N T R O L
D R A W I N G
4x
A
+.15
C - .02
.20 X Y
.08 M
K Max.
H
X Y
+.000
D - .015
.015 X
F
E
J.30
G Max.
X
.015
Figure 3 - MICD
Issue
Description
Appr.
MATERIAL
DATE
DRAWN
Lafayette, CO
CHECKED
ENG APPR.
TITLE:
MFG APPR.
Q.A.
COMMENTS:
REV
ECD ICD- SI
CAGE 6GST1
SHEET 1 OF 1
T A B L E
4
-
B
S I Z E
E D D Y
C U R R E N T
D A M P E R
TABLE
4
-
B
SIZE
EDDY
CURRENT
DAMPER
PERFORMANCE
AND
DIMENSIONS
(+25C
UNIT
TEMPERATURE
-
WET
LUBE)
(BIN)
DAMPING
RATE
(N)
GEAR
RATIO
NM-SEC/RAD
NM
NM
B08ECD-N08
0.002
2.83
0.006
20.32
16.51
2.4
17.50
3.0
5.0
37.34
6.0
13.0
19.05
0.09
B08ECD-N64
0.14
64
2.83
0.05
20.32
16.51
2.4
17.50
3.0
5.0
55.88
6.0
13.0
19.05
0.09
B08ECD-N81
0.23
81
2.83
0.06
20.32
16.51
2.4
17.50
3.0
5.0
55.88
6.0
13.0
19.05
0.09
B08ECD-N125
0.55
125
2.83
0.09
20.32
16.51
2.4
17.50
3.0
5.0
74.42
6.0
13.0
19.05
0.11
B08ECD-N216
1.65
216
2.83
0.15
20.32
16.51
2.4
17.50
3.0
5.0
74.42
6.0
13.0
19.05
0.11
MASS
TYPE
PEAK
TORQUE
(FIN)
STATIC
TORQUE
MM - SEE FIGURE 3
MASS
KG
T A B L E
5
-
C
S I Z E
E D D Y
C U R R E N T
D A M P E R
TABLE
5
-
C
SIZE
EDDY
CURRENT
DAMPER
PERFORMANCE
AND
DIMENSIONS
(+25C
UNIT
TEMPERATURE
-
WET
LUBE)
(BIN)
DAMPING
RATE
TYPE
(N)
PEAK
GEAR
TORQUE
RATIO
(FIN)
STATIC
TORQUE
NM-SEC/RAD
NM
NM
MM - SEE FIGURE 3
KG
C10ECD-N10
0.01
10
9.04
0.01
27.9
21.9
3.3
23.8
5.0
6.0
42.8
8.0
14.3
25.4
0.19
C10ECD-N36
0.17
36
9.04
0.04
27.9
21.9
3.3
23.8
5.0
6.0
62.5
8.0
14.3
25.4
0.19
C10ECD-N64
0.54
64
9.04
0.08
27.9
21.9
3.3
23.8
5.0
6.0
62.5
8.0
14.3
25.4
0.19
10
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TYPE
(N)
PEAK
GEAR
TORQUE
RATIO
(FIN)
STATIC
TORQUE
MASS
NM-SEC/RAD
NM
NM
MM - SEE FIGURE 3
KG
C10ECD-N100
1.31
100
9.04
0.12
27.9
21.9
3.3
24.00
5.0
6.0
62.5
8.0
14.3
25.4
0.19
C10ECD-N150
2.95
150
9.04
0.18
27.9
21.9
3.3
24.00
5.0
6.0
82.3
8.0
14.3
25.4
0.24
C10ECD-N216
6.12
216
9.04
0.26
27.9
21.9
3.3
24.00
5.0
6.0
82.3
8.0
14.3
25.4
0.24
T A B L E
6
-
D
S I Z E
E D D Y
C U R R E N T
D A M P E R
TABLE
6
-
D
SIZE
EDDY
CURRENT
DAMPER
PERFORMANCE
AND
DIMENSIONS
(+25C
UNIT
TEMPERATURE
-
WET
LUBE)
(BIN)
DAMPING
RATE
(N)
GEAR
RATIO
NM-SEC/RAD
NM
NM
D10ECD-N64
2.69
64
9.04
0.14
31.8
26.2
3.3
24.00
5.0
6.0
72.4
8.0
14.3
31.75
0.21
D10ECD-N100
6.55
100
9.04
0.22
31.8
26.2
3.3
24.00
5.0
6.0
72.4
8.0
14.3
31.75
0.21
D10ECD-N150
14.75
150
9.04
0.32
31.8
26.2
3.3
24.00
5.0
6.0
88.9
8.0
14.3
31.75
0.25
D10ECD-N216
30.58
216
9.04
0.46
31.8
26.2
3.3
24.00
5.0
6.0
88.9
8.0
14.3
31.75
0.25
D10ECD-N270
47.78
270
9.04
0.58
31.8
26.2
3.3
24.00
5.0
6.0
88.9
8.0
14.3
31.75
0.25
TYPE
PEAK
TORQUE
(FIN)
STATIC
TORQUE
MM - SEE FIGURE 3
MASS
KG
11
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(N)
GEAR
RATIO
NM-SEC/RAD
NM
NM
D13ECD-N270
48
270
19.78
0.62
31.8
26.2
3.3
30.00
6.0
8.0
95.3
9.5
17.4
31.75
0.50
D13ECD-N338
75
338
19.78
0.77
31.8
26.2
3.3
30.00
6.0
8.0
95.3
9.5
17.4
31.75
0.50
D13ECD-N422
117
422
19.78
0.97
31.8
26.2
3.3
30.00
6.0
8.0
95.3
9.5
17.4
31.75
0.50
D13ECD-N562
207
562
19.78
1.28
31.8
26.2
3.3
30.00
6.0
8.0
95.3
9.5
17.4
31.75
0.50
D13ECD-N640
268
640
19.78
1.46
31.8
26.2
3.3
30.00
6.0
8.0
95.3
9.5
17.4
31.75
0.50
D13ECD-N800
419
800
19.78
1.83
31.8
26.2
3.3
30.00
6.0
8.0
95.3
9.5
17.4
31.75
0.50
D15ECD-N562
207
562
39.55
1.44
38.1
31.8
3.8
36.50
8.0
9.5
108.0
13.0
20.7
31.75
0.64
D15ECD-N640
268
640
39.55
1.64
38.1
31.8
3.8
36.50
8.0
9.5
108.0
13.0
20.7
31.75
0.64
D15ECD-N800
419
800
39.55
2.05
38.1
31.8
3.8
36.50
8.0
9.5
108.0
13.0
20.7
31.75
0.64
D15ECD-N960
604
960
39.55
2.45
38.1
31.8
3.8
36.50
8.0
9.5
108.0
13.0
20.7
31.75
0.64
D20ECD-N640
268
640
135.60
1.98
50.8
42.4
4.5
48.00
9.5
11.0
120.7
19.0
25.4
31.75
0.95
D20ECD-N800
419
800
135.60
2.47
50.8
42.4
4.5
48.00
9.5
11.0
120.7
19.0
25.4
31.75
0.95
D20ECD-N900
531
900
135.60
2.78
50.8
42.4
4.5
48.00
9.5
11.0
120.7
19.0
25.4
31.75
0.95
D20ECD-N1296
1101
1296
135.60
4.01
50.8
42.4
4.5
48.00
9.5
11.0
142.9
19.0
25.4
31.75
1.18
TYPE
PEAK
TORQUE
(FIN)
STATIC
TORQUE
MM - SEE FIGURE 3
MASS
KG
12
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Aviors
Bullet-Line
Dampers
oer
fewer
parts,
higher
reliability
and
lower
cost
compared
to
our
ConvenRonal
line
of
Eddy
Current
Dampers.
Table
7
delineates
the
performance
and
mechanical
dimensions
of
our
Bullet-Line
Dampers.
T A B L E
7
-
B U L L E T - L I N E
E D D Y
C U R R E N T
D A M P E R
T AB L E
7
-
B U L L E T - L I N E
E D D Y
C U R R E N T
D A M P E R
P E R F O R M A N C E
A N D
D I M E N S I O N S
( + 2 5 C
U N I T
T E M P E R A T U R E
-
W E T
L U B E )
TYPE
( B IN ) D A M P
I N G
R A T E
( N)
P E A K
G E A R
T O R Q U
E
RATIO
(FIN)
STATIC
TORQUE
MA S S
N M - S E C /
RAD
NM
NM
BL 10ECD-N64
64
9. 04
0. 27
29. 5
23. 5
3. 3
24. 00
5. 0
6. 0
72. 4
8. 0
14. 3
26. 97
0. 21
BL 10ECD-N100
100
9. 04
0. 42
29. 5
23. 5
3. 3
24. 00
5. 0
6. 0
72. 4
8. 0
14. 3
26. 97
0. 21
BL 10ECD-N150
150
9. 04
0. 63
29. 5
23. 5
3. 3
24. 00
5. 0
6. 0
88. 9
8. 0
14. 3
26. 97
0. 25
BL 10ECD-N216
216
9. 04
0. 90
29. 5
23. 5
3. 3
24. 00
5. 0
6. 0
88. 9
8. 0
14. 3
26. 97
0. 25
BL 10ECD-N270
14
270
9. 04
1. 13
29. 5
23. 5
3. 3
24. 00
5. 0
6. 0
88. 9
8. 0
14. 3
26. 97
0. 25
BL 13ECD-N270
14
270
19. 78
1. 16
31. 8
26. 2
3. 3
30. 00
6. 0
8. 0
95. 3
9. 5
17. 4
26. 97
0. 50
BL 13ECD-N338
22
338
19. 78
1. 46
31. 8
26. 2
3. 3
30. 00
6. 0
8. 0
95. 3
9. 5
17. 4
26. 97
0. 50
BL 13ECD-N422
35
422
19. 78
1. 82
31. 8
26. 2
3. 3
30. 00
6. 0
8. 0
95. 3
9. 5
17. 4
26. 97
0. 50
BL 13ECD-N562
62
562
19. 78
2. 42
31. 8
26. 2
3. 3
30. 00
6. 0
8. 0
95. 3
9. 5
17. 4
26. 97
0. 50
BL 13ECD-N640
81
640
19. 78
2. 75
31. 8
26. 2
3. 3
30. 00
6. 0
8. 0
95. 3
9. 5
17. 4
26. 97
0. 50
BL 13ECD-N800
126
800
19. 78
3. 44
31. 8
26. 2
3. 3
30. 00
6. 0
8. 0
95. 3
9. 5
17. 4
26. 97
0. 50
MM - SEE FIGURE 3
KG
13
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T AB L E
7
-
B U L L E T - L I N E
E D D Y
C U R R E N T
D A M P E R
P E R F O R M A N C E
A N D
D I M E N S I O N S
( + 2 5 C
U N I T
T E M P E R A T U R E
-
W E T
L U B E )
TYPE
( B IN ) D A M P
I N G
R A T E
( N)
P E A K
G E A R
T O R Q U
E
RATIO
(FIN)
STATIC
TORQUE
MA S S
N M - S E C /
RAD
NM
NM
BL 15ECD-N562
62
562
39. 55
2. 57
38. 1
31. 8
3. 8
36. 50
8. 0
9. 5
108. 0
13. 0
20. 7
26. 97
0. 64
BL 15ECD-N640
81
640
39. 55
2. 93
38. 1
31. 8
3. 8
36. 50
8. 0
9. 5
108. 0
13. 0
20. 7
26. 97
0. 64
BL 15ECD-N800
126
800
39. 55
3. 66
38. 1
31. 8
3. 8
36. 50
8. 0
9. 5
108. 0
13. 0
20. 7
26. 97
0. 64
BL 15ECD-N960
181
960
39. 55
4. 39
38. 1
31. 8
3. 8
36. 50
8. 0
9. 5
108. 0
13. 0
20. 7
26. 97
0. 64
BL 20ECD-N640
81
640
135. 6
3. 27
50. 8
42. 4
4. 5
48. 00
9. 5
11. 0
120. 7
19. 0
25. 4
26. 97
0. 95
BL 20ECD-N800
126
800
135. 6
4. 09
50. 8
42. 4
4. 5
48. 00
9. 5
11. 0
120. 7
19. 0
25. 4
26. 97
0. 95
BL 20ECD-N900
159
900
135. 6
4. 60
50. 8
42. 4
4. 5
48. 00
9. 5
11. 0
120. 7
19. 0
25. 4
26. 97
0. 95
BL 20ECD-N1296
330
1296
135. 6
6. 63
50. 8
42. 4
4. 5
48. 00
9. 5
11. 0
142. 9
19. 0
25. 4
26. 97
1. 18
MM - SEE FIGURE 3
KG
14
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SecRon
II
-
Engineering
The
Design
Guidelines
and
product
informaRon
provided
herein
give
the
System
Design
Engineer
all
the
tools
to
properly
size,
analyze,
simulate
and
integrate
a
quality
Eddy
Current
Damper
in
their
specic
applicaRon.
Responsible
Engineers
are
encouraged
to
contact
Aviors
engineering
department
if
you
have
any
quesRons
or
require
addiRonal
informaRon.
The
photos
above
are
taken
in
Aviors
Class
7
Clean
Room.
Avior
has
all
the
equipment
and
capabiliRes
to
clean
parts
to
the
most
stringent
requirements
of
IEST-STD-CC1246.
Typical
cleanliness
level
requirements
for
Eddy
Current
Dampers
is
level
100
for
metals
and
200
A
overall.
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S I M U L A T I N G A D E P L O Y M E N T
IN _ S =
TIN _ S FIN
BIN
IN _ E =
TIN _ E FIN
BIN
DeniRon
of
variables:
BD
=
Damping
rate
of
high
speed
damper
[Nm-sec/rad]
(see
pg
5)
FD
=
Total
StaRc
Torque
at
High
Speed
Damper
[Nm](see
pg
5)
N
=
Gear
RaRo
(Tabulated
for
each
ECD
Assembly)
FIN
=
Total
StaRc
Torque
at
Low
Speed
Input
(see
pg
6)
IN
=
Velocity
of
Low
Speed
Input
[Rad/sec]
(see
pg
6)
GW
=
Coecient
of
Gearbox
Damping
(wet
lube-
see
pg
8)
DBIN
=
Dynamic
Damping
at
Specic
Torque
Input
[Nm-sec/rad]
(see
pg
6)
FG
=
Total
StaRc
Torque
of
Gearbox,
reected
to
the
High
Speed
Damper
[Lbf-In]
(See
pg
8)
BIN
=
Damping
Rate
of
assembly
at
Low
Speed
Input
[Nm-sec/rad]
(see
pg
6)
TIN_S
=
Torque
Input
at
Start
of
Deployment
[Nm]
(Customer
Input)
TIN_E
=
Torque
Input
at
End
of
Deployment
[Nm]
(Customer
Input)
TIN_
=
Torque
Input
at
Shaj
PosiRon
[Nm]
(See
equaRon)
IN_S
=
PosiRon
of
Input
Shaj
at
Start
of
Deployment
[Radians]
(Customer
Input)
IN_E
=
PosiRon
of
Input
Shaj
at
End
of
Deployment
[Radians]
(Customer
Input)
=
Deployment
Angle
[Radians]
(Customer
Input)
IN_S=
Velocity
at
Low
Speed
Input
at
Start
of
Deployment
[Rad/sec]
IN =
IN _ S + IN _ E
2
t =
IN =
IN
IN _ E IN _ S
t
INt = S ( IN _ S t) 0.5 IN t 2
This
analysis
considers
performance
at
+25
C.
To
calculate
performance
at
alternaRve
temperature,
use
EquaRon
in
Table
2
to
calculate
damping
rate
at
dierent
temperature
(2).
16
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E N G I N E E R I N G
-
C A L C U L A T I N G
T O R Q U E
M A R G I N
There
are
several
industry
documents
that
discuss
torque
margin
for
mechanism
assemblies.
MIL-A-83577B,
Moving
Mechanical
Assemblies
(MMA),
is
a
historical
standard
that
requires
a
3
X
torque
margin
on
staRc
fricRon
for
damper
assemblies.
That
standard,
is
being
used
less
ojen
and
it
does
not
consider
the
nature
of
the
torque
components.
We
prefer,
and
highly
recommend,
the
approach
taken
by
GSFC-STD-7000
(GEVS),
that
breaks
down
the
components
of
torque
and
applies
dierent
margins
based
upon
the
nature
of
the
torque.
GEVS
separates
out
the
dierent
types
of
torques
and
provides
dierent
factors
of
safety.
For
instance,
variable
torques
such
as
fricRonal
components
that
can
vary
over
Rme
apply
a
higher
factor
of
safety
(FSV),
compared
to
known
and
stable
torques,
such
as
inerRal
loading
(FSK).
See
Table
below:
F A C T O R
O F
S A F E T Y
( F S K )
V A R I A B L E
T O R Q U E
F A C T O R
O F
S A F E T Y
( F S V )
2.00
4.0
1.5
3.0
1.5
2.0
P R O G R A M P H A S E
K N O W N
T O R Q U E
Because
Aviors
Damper
design
uses
a
rotaRng
magnet
assembly
inside
a
staRonary
magneRc
return
path,
the
MagneRc
Coulomb
Torque
(FC),
described
and
detailed
on
Page
5
herein,
classies
as
a
known
torque
that
cannot
change
over
Rme,
and
as
such,
requires
the
lower
factor
of
safety
FSK,
compared
to
the
bearing
fricRons
(Fb
&
FG)
and
gearbox
damping
factor
(GW),
which
should
receive
the
FSV
margins
applied.
The
torque
margins
that
are
discussed
in
GEVS
are
intended
for
motors
and
posiRve
torque
generaRon
systems.
The
MMA
Standard
applies
higher
torque
margins
for
passive
deployment
systems,
arguing
that
ojen
these
deployments
are
mission
criRcal
before
solar
array
power
generaRon
can
be
achieved.
As
a
compromise,
Avior
recommends
that
the
CriRcal
Design
Review
Margins
for
FSV
be
applied
for
FricRonal
Components
for
Acceptance
/
QualicaRon
tesRng
for
our
Eddy
Current
Dampers.
Minimum
Recommended
Input
Torque
Torque
Example:
For
the
example
Eddy
Current
Damper,
D13ECD-N422,
we
presented
on
Pages
3
&
4
herein,
we
recommend
the
following
Torque
Margins.
See
the
TIN_min
equaRon
presented
in
Table
2.
(Note,
this
example
does
not
include
load
fric@ons,
FL)
T O R Q U E
R E F L E C T E D
T O
H I G H
S P E E D
D A M P E R
(NM)
T O R Q U E
F A C T O R
O F
S A F E T Y
G E A R R A T I O
M A R G I N E D
T O R Q U E
A T
L O W
S P E E D
I N P U T
(NM)
Damper
Bearing
FricRon
(Fb)
3.39E-04
3.0
422
0.429
Gearbox
Bearing
FricRon
(FG)
2.26E-04
3.0
422
0.286
Damper
Coulomb
Torque
(FC)
1.36E-03
1.5
422
0.858
T O R Q U E
C O M P O N E N T
Subtotal
2E-03
1.573
To
accommodate
Gear
Damping
Factor
(GW),
take
the
High
Speed
Damper
Torque
Subtotal
(0.019),
and
mulRply
by
the
Gear
Damping
Factor,
in
this
case
0.163.
Take
this
product
(3.10E-04),
and
mulRply
by
FSV
(3.0)
and
the
Gear
RaRo
(422),
to
get
the
margined
value
for
Gear
Torque
(.39
Nm).
Add
this
value
to
the
Low
Speed
Input
Torque
Subtotal
(1.573),
to
get
the
total
Minimum
Margined
Torque
Input
Value
for
this
damper
(1.96
Nm).
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M A T E R I A L S ,
P R O C E S S E S
A N D
E N V I R O N M E N T S
Cri@cal
Materials
MSFC-SPEC-522
Table
1
Materials
High
Grade
Stainless
Steels,
Passivated
per
ASTM-A-967
or
AMS-2700
Winding
InsulaRon
System:
Polyimide
Magnet
Wire
Low
Outgassing
Class
H220
ImpregnaRng
Varnish
(No
Silicone
varnishes)
LubricaRon
System:
Low
outgassing
space
qualied
wet
lube
or
opRonal
dry
lm
lubricaRon
Special
Processes
PassivaRon
per
ASTM-A-967
or
AMS-2700
Motor
Winding
Assembly
Standards
/
InspecRon
Vacuum
ImpregnaRon
of
Varnish
Cleaning
and
Contamina@on
Control:
CriRcal
Clean
per
IEST-STD-CC1246
level
100
A.
Clean
Room
LubricaRon
/
Assembly
per
ISO-14644-1
and
-2.
Vacuum
Outgassing
All
Materials
compliant
with
JSC-SPEC-SP-R-0022
(<0.1%
CVCM,
<1.0%
TML)
Standard
Environments:
Opera@ng
/
Non
Opera@ng
Environment
A. Temperature
-50
C
to
+
150
C
B. RelaRve
Humidity:
0%
to
90%
C. Pressure
1E-6
torr
to
812
torr.
Standard
Environments:
Op@onal
Dry
Film
Lubrica@on
Environment
A. Temperature
-250
C
to
+
250
C
B. RelaRve
Humidity:
0%
to
90%
C. Pressure
1E-10
torr
to
812
torr.
Random
Vibra@on:
The
Eddy
Current
Damper
shall
be
designed
and
fabricated
to
withstand
the
following
random
vibraRon
ASD
as
shown
in
Table
8.
Exposure
to
vibraRon
environment
shall
be
60
seconds
minimum
along
each
axis.
Accelera@on:
300
gs
along
each
perpendicular
axis.
Shock:
Per
Table
9.
Note:
Other
environmental
requirements,
and
more
extreme
condi)ons
are
available
on
request.
Contact
Aviors
Engineering
Department
for
addiRonal
informaRon.
Users
Manual:
With
every
Eddy
Current
Damper
deliverable,
Avior
will
provide
a
Users
Manual
that
will
Include:
Acceptance
Test
Data
Clean
Room
Handling
Requirements
InstallaRon
InstrucRons
InstallaRon
PrecauRons
Maximum
Radial
Load
RaRngs
Maximum
Thrust
Load
RaRngs
18
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Frequency (Hz)
Acceleration (g)
100
20
1000
900
0.16
2000
1500
100
0.64
10000
1500
200
0.64
280
0.32
400
0.32
570
0.16
800
0.16
2000
0.026
Overall
17.7 Grms
Frequency (Hz)
20
0.026
50
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VDC
Schematic
Brn
20
Gry
Avior Control Technologies, Inc - 1198 Boston Ave, Longmont CO 80501 - www.AviorControls.com / Support@AviorControls.com / (T) +1-720-491-3708
Org
ADVANTAGES:
Simple
DC
ExcitaRon
High
reliability
Blu
Predictable,
linear
performance
Low
dead-band
(backlash)
No
temperature
compensa@on
required
Rate Sensor X
Winding
Signicantly
lower
staRc
fricRon
when
compared
to
Eddy
Current
Dampers
One
qualied
design
may
accommodate
a
wide
range
of
deployment
applicaRons.
Intrinsic
redundancy
Red
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P A S S I V E
C O N S T A N T
V E L O C I T Y
C O N T R O L
D A M P E R S
Avior
has
developed
an
unpowered
Eddy
Current
Damping
technology
that
may
be
congured
to
provide
constant
velocity
damping
characterisRcs
over
a
wide
range
of
input
torques
and
temperatures.
Compared
to
uncompensated
dampers,
the
Constant
Velocity
Control
Dampers
(CVCDs)
reacRon
torque
is
internally
compensated
to
provide
constant
velocity.
For
instance,
an
uncompensated
eddy
current
dampers
coecient
of
damping
with
temperature
is
-0.4%
/
C,
while
a
CVCD
temperature
coecient
of
damping
can
be
congured
to
a
Constant'Velocity'Control''Damper''
stability
of
less
than
-0.04%
C.
Torque'versus'Velocity'
60"
50"
Torque'(Lbf,In)'
40"
30"
20"
10"
0"
0"
0.05"
0.1"
0.15"
0.2"
0.25"
Damper'Velocity'(Radians'per'Second)'
0.3"
0.35"
T O R Q U E L I M I T I N G D A M P E R S
Reac%on(Torque((Lbf1In)((
Avior
has
the
ability
to
internally
compensate
eddy
current
dampers
to
limit
the
reacRon
torque
output
of
the
damper
assembly.
In
the
example
of
veried
performance
is
shown
in
the
graph
below.
In
this
example,
450"
120"
the
system
rated
performance
is
375
Lbf-In
(42
Nm)
at
7
Radians
per
Torque(Limi%ng(Damper(
second.
The
internal
construcRon
of
the
damper
assembly
is
400"
congured
to
limit
the
reacRon
torque
to
410
Lbf-In
(46
Nm).
100"
The
torque
limiting
characteristic
is
achieved
through
the
electro-
350"
magnetic
circuitry
internal
to
the
high
speed
damper
module
itself,
rather
than
complicated
mechanical
torque
limiting
devices.
This
300"
80"
configuration
increases
reliability
and
minimizes
the
possibility
of
over-stressing
the
assembly
or
the
system
during
restow
operations
or
in
high
dead-band
systems.
250"
60"
200"
150"
40"
100"
20"
50"
Reac/on"Torque"
0"
0.000"
2.000"
4.000"
6.000"
Design"Point"
8.000"
10.000"
Damping"Rate"
12.000"
14.000"
0"
16.000"
Damper(Velocity((Rad/sec)(
22
Avior
Control
Technologies,
Inc
-
1198
Boston
Ave,
Longmont
CO
80501
-
www.AviorControls.com
/
Support@AviorControls.com
/
(T)
+1-720-491-3708
CAGE:
6GST1
2015,
Avior
Control
Technologies,
Inc
All
Rights
Reserved
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