Most Important Things to Know about World History I 2016

Unit 1
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Unit 2
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The ____________ ___________ is where the Sumerian civilization developed.

Mesopotamia & East Med
Most early civilizations settled around _____________.
The Egyptians settled along the ____________ River.
The Sumerians settled in Mesopotamia between the ___________ and
_________________Rivers.
The Indus Valley people settled along the ________________________ Harappa/Mohenjo-Daro
The first ______________ civilizations settled along the Huang He or Yellow River.
Egyptians first carved ________________on monuments and temples. Egyptian
Writing
The writing of the Sumerians was called ____________________ which were wedge
shaped marks or pictures carved on clay tablets.
Prehistory refers to any time in the past before __________________.
_________________ was a religious movement in Persia that was based on the
principle of leading a moral life devoted to truth.
One of the lasting contributions of the Phoenicians was the development of the
_________________.
The _______________ were led out of slavery and Egypt by MOSES.
The most sacred writing of the Jewish religion is in the Hebrew Bible which is also
called the ______
The most important and lasting idea that the Hebrews contributed to the world was
_____________
__________________________________ is the first written law code in the world eye
for and eye
Greek religion was ________________.
_________________ was the leader of the Greek gods.
Democracy developed in the Greek city-state of _____________________. - MATD
In Sparta, life revolved around the _______________ and their government was an
oligarchy.
______________________ developed the first written law code in Athens
In the Persian Wars, Athens and Sparta fought together to DEFEAT the
________________.
In the Peloponnesian War, _____________ and ________________fought AGAINST each
other. Sparta won the war. Weakens Greece
_________________ was the ruler of Athens during the Golden Age.
Pericles is known as the father of __________________.
The __________________ was built to honor the goddess, Athena.
The Parthenon is the finest example of Greek _____________________.
Greek philosophers: ______________, ______________, and Aristotle.
Greek ______________: Herodotus
Greek mathematicians: ______________, ___________________ and ________________.
King Philip of _________________ conquered much of Greece.
Son, ___________________ went on to establish a huge empire and extended Greek
culture.
Alexander spread Greek-like culture known as________________________________
culture

Unit 3: Rome
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Rome is centrally located on the _________________ Peninsula.

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Roman religion was very similar to the _________________s system of mythology.

There were 2 major social classes of Rome:
a. _______________ (nobility/wealthy)
b. ________________ (landowners, merchants)
During the Punic Wars, Rome fought ________________and won.
Important leaders of Rome:
a. ___________________: Military general; assassinated by members of the Senate
b. Octavian: a.k.a. ____________________; Romes first emperor
During the _______________________, Rome experienced 200 years of peace and
prosperity.
Christianity developed from _______________.
_________________ is known as the founder and the Son of God.
All people are equal before ____________.
_______________________contains the life of Jesus and other Christian writings.
The ________________, especially Paul, helped to spread Christianity throughout
Roman Empire.
The Roman emperor _____________________________ divided the empire, E/W
The Roman ruler ____________________ adopted and legalized Christianity, moved the
capital.
A good example of Roman architecture is the Pantheon and the __________________.
In technology, Romans developed ___________________, which were used to carry
water from the mountains, and arches.
The language of the Roman Empire was _____________________.
The ____________________ was developed which organized all the Roman laws.
There were 5 major causes for the decline in the Roman Empire.
a. Poor __________________ - inflation
b. ___________________________ started to included conquered people
c. Lack of morals; family not as important
d. Weak __________________________
e. ___________________________ invasions along borders
Roman Empire was divided.
Constantine moved the capital from Rome to Byzantium and renamed it
_______________________.
Roman empire finally fell in ____________A.D. to Germanic invaders
Eastern Roman Empire becomes the ___________________________ Empire.

Unit 4: Byzantine Empire

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___________________________________ was located at a crossroads for trade Capital
city
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Continuation of the ____________________________Empire, except they spoke
_______________
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Emperor __________________________
a. Codfied Roman law into ______________________________________________
b. Conquered former ____________________________ territory
c. Expanded trade
d. Had the _________________________________ built Christian Church
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In art, subjects usually focused on _____________________________.
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Used _____________________ language and __________________________ Christianity.
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Slavic languages adopted the Greek alphabet by St. Cyril who developed the
Cyrillic alphabet
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Helped create the modern country of ____________________________ to the north
Unit 5: Islam
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Islam is __________________________.
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It was founded by ________________________________ during the 7th century.
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The __________________________ or Quran is the Holy Book of Islam.

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Islam teaches people to worship one God, ______________________________.

The most important duties expected of Muslims are the _________________________.
a. Pray _____________________ times a day.
b. Profess faith.
c. _________________________ during holy month of Ramadan
d. Pilgrimage to _________________________________
e. Alms (charity) to poor.
_______________________________ is the holy city for Muslims.
A _________________________________ is the Islamic place of worship
Muslim expansion into Europe was stopped at ___________________________ in 732 AD

Unit 6: Asia
India
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Developed along _______________________ and ______________________ Rivers
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Protected by ____________________________ and Hindu Kush
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Early, highly advanced cities of ________________________&_______________________
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Invaded by the ________________________________ around 1500 BC
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Rigid ______________________________; determined occupation
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___________________ Dynasty produced Golden Age of India
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Chandragupta Maurya was the founder of the first Indian Empire
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Hinduism
a. Belief in many forms of one deity (god)
b. Life was a constant cycle of birth and rebirth ____________________________
c. _________________ is the actions of a person that determines their fate in the next
life.
d. ______________ and Upanishads are 2 of the sacred writings of Hinduism.
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Buddhism
a. Founded by ____________________________
b. Based on the ________________________________ and __________________________
c. _____________________________________ brought Buddhism to Asia.
China
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Japan
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Great Wall of China was built by ______________________________________ for defense.

______________________ Road increased trade.
Chinese are credited with inventing ___________________, porcelain, and
______________.
________________________ taught respect for elders and that humans are naturally
good.
______________________ stresses living a simple life and that life is made up of
opposites (yin and yang).
Mountainous ____________________________________ (group of islands)
Influenced by ___________________________ culture
Religion: ____________________________ state religion

Unit 7: Africa and the Americas

87.
Western African Kingdoms
a. Ghana
i. Traded ______________________ for ______________________________
ii. ______________________ - Religion
b. Mali and Songhai
iii. City of ________________________________ was center of learning
iv. ___________________________ was the most famous Malian ruler, Hajj
v. _____________________________ - Religion
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Eastern Africa

c. Axum
vi. _______________________________ Kingdom
vii. Zimbabwe
1. city of Great Zimbabwe was an important religious center
The Americas
Mayan
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Settled in Mexico on __________________________ Peninsula
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Created ____________________________ ruled by king
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Were ________________________________ and built pyramids
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Important city: ____________________________________________
Aztecs
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Settled in ________________________
Ruled by emperor
Constant warfare
Polytheistic; made human ______________________________________
Important city: ____________________________________
Floating gardens:___________________________

Incas
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Settled in ___________________________ America in Peru

Polytheistic
Extensive _________________________ system like Persian & Rome
Important city: ________________________________

Unit 9: Western Europe in the Middle Ages

103. Need for protection against invaders caused _________________________ to grow.
Social order
a. Lord/vassal
b. ______________________: worked the land
104. _____________________________ was a Frankish leader who was crowned Holy Roman
Emperor by the _____________________________. increased the power of the church
a. He revived _____________________ learning/___________________ culture in his
kingdom.
105. ________________ were invaders from Scandinavia who looted and burned cities and
villages.
Unit 9: Late Medieval Period
106. Ferdinand and Isabella unified ______________ and got rid of most of the
___________________ in Spain
107. _________________________ was settled by the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes.
108. At the Battle of Hastings, __________________________________________defeated Harold
and took over England in __________________________________. United England
109. France and England fought against each other in the
___________________________________.
a. _______________________ of Arc was a French hero of this war.
110. Ivan (III) the Great of Russia defeated the _______________________________.
111. The ________________________________ were holy wars where Christians fought
Muslims to regain control of the __________________________________________________.
112. The _____________________________________ was a plague spread by fleas on rats.
113. The Black Death caused the population to _________________________ and feudalism to
end.
114. __________________________ scholars translated Greek into Latin, worked in
monasteries, and started the foundations for the rise of universities.
Unit 10: The Renaissance

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De Medici family was very important in the creation of our modern-day banking
system.
Important ______________________ Renaissance trading cities were Florence, Venice,
and Genoa.
_______________________________ wrote The _________________________ which was a
handbook on how to rule. Used the idea that the ends justify the means.
Da Vinci: ______________________________ and _____________________________________
__________________________________________: Sistine Chapel and David
Petrarch: wrote ________________________________; used humanist ideals Father of
Humanism
Humanism
c. Focused on the _________________________________
d. Encouraged the study of Greek and Roman culture
The moveable type _______________________________________ and the production and
sale of books like the Gutenberg Bible helped spread ideas. led to dissemination of
ideas/cultural diffusion
________________________________ wrote The Praise of Folly Introduced Humanism to
N. Europe
Sir Thomas More wrote _____________________________________.
_______________________________________: plays (tragedies, comedies, histories) &
sonnets