Lopa analysis

First of all lopa is the abbreviation of

layers of protection analysis. It is a semi
quantitative tool for analyzing and assessing
risk. It is an energy model that its first aim to
be a barrier that protects s people from
hazards to occur so let's study this important
.methodology and its steps

Our project was about the cafeteria of hourus

so first let's talk about the safety barriers
.safety barriers are the barriers that has
been design and implemented to perform
.one or more barrier functions

INITIATING EVENTS Overflow as a result

of the following four initiating events is
:considered
The injury of the workers (1
Fires (2
The cut off electricity (3
The customers un- satisfaction (4
:The frequency of injury of workers
Value assumed

Bleeding: (frequency of common type of

injuries):73%
Doing usual activities: 78 (60%)
Anxiety/depression (n=51 (40%))
Conclusions
Some people with occupational injuries experience
significant problems such as pain/discomfort, functional
limitations and anxiety/depression, long after the injury.
Improvement in pain management strategies and physical
and psychological rehabilitation may improve their
health-related quality of life.
:The frequency of fires
Direct property damage: In year 2010 (6800
fires)
Consequences (116 workers in restaurant are
injured)
Cost: 193 dollar

The cut off electricity (3

:The consumption of electricity

Egypt other sector than (transport and

industry):1.14ktoe on Egypt so there is a
percentage of cutting of electricity in
.Egypt
:The customers UN satisfaction (4
The current situation is ok according to
surveys in university as there are no
.rivals in the current situations
All in all comments

The LOPA does not present

a description of the process used to identify the IEs
considered. Therefore, it is difficult to be confident
.that all reasonable failure modes of the restaurant
But there is great danger facing the restaurant
especially in the energy consumption and the
.frequency of the workers being heart
All data are assummed

Then what are the protection layers done by

:the restaurant
:first aid hospital beside the restaurant -1
The hospital of the university contains somehow
primitive first aid that could help workers in
harmful situations that occurs to them as the

above there is assumption of 0.73 probability of

having the worker being hurt so this means that
the functionality of the hospital beside the
restaurant is not high enough. But it's
.compensated by the injuries being not that fatal
:PFD

the equipment used by the restaurant: A) the -2

ovens handle: its main function is to protect the
hand of the cook while preparing the pizza. It's
mainly a process design as the cafeteria has
bought of a bad conductor of heat material (i.e.
cotton)
PFD: 10 times per year
.This design function is very primitive
Water Spray System: control system Water spray -3
systems are manually operated, open deluge
type systems and are typically used to protect
open spaces, Special Category spaces and cargo
pump rooms. Water spray systems are also
permitted for use in protecting machinery spaces.
The great disadvantage is PFD:1*10^-1
When this type of system is activated, water will be
discharged simultaneously through all of the
branch nozzles, which can result in very high water
demand rates. Also, these systems are normally
required to be manually actuated, and therefore,
personnel must initiate the discharge of the
.system

the variety of food as it was discussed in hazop -4

to have the satisfaction of the customer
place mitigation: the place mitigation for -5
emergencies PFD:1*10^-5 knowing that fires
happen in the university 1 each 1000 years
generators: the restaurant has generators as an -6
instrument that substitute the main source of the
electricity PFD:10^-3
Protecting layer comment: the probabilities of the
malfunction of the water spray system is not stated
also the probabilities of having fires is stated more
numerical analyses QRA.Also other things like the
probability of creative marketing of the new
sandwiches the equipment's of safety for workers
other are not calculated and here comes the
.definition of lopa being semi quantitative
:The commenting of the place
The place is not having the criteria of lopa as
(emergency plan is not reasonable as the workers
in state of mitigation will go out of a small
door).Also the firefighting system is very primitive
.and wastes a lot of water
:References
https://energypedia.info/wiki/Egypt_Energy_Situatio
n
oseating.pdf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC353
3107

https://www.eagle.org/eagleExternalPortalWEB/Sho
wProperty/BEA
%20Repository/Rules&Guides/Current/141_FireFight
/ingSystems/Pub141_FireFighting