Judit Polgár

Judit Polgr
The native form of this personal name is Polgr Judit. were part of an educational experiment carried out by
This article uses Western name order when mentioning their father Lszl Polgr, in an attempt to prove that chilindividuals.
dren could make exceptional achievements if trained in a
specialist subject from a very early age.[11] Geniuses are
made, not born, was Lszl's thesis. He and his wife
Judit Polgr (born 23 July 1976) is a Hungarian chess
daughters at home, with chess
grandmaster. She is generally considered the strongest fe- Klra educated their three
as the specialist subject.[12] Lszl also taught his three
[1]
male chess player of all time. In 1991, Polgr achieved
the title of Grandmaster at the age of 15 years and 4 daughters the international language Esperanto. They remonths, at the time the youngest to have done so, break- ceived resistance from Hungarian authorities as homeing the record previously held by former World Cham- schooling was not a socialist approach. They also repion Bobby Fischer. She was the youngest ever player to ceived criticism at the time from some western commenbreak into the FIDE Top 100 players rating list, ranking tators for depriving the sisters of a normal childhood.
No. 55 in the January 1989 rating list, at the age of 12.[2]
She is the only woman to qualify for a World Championship tournament, having done so in 2005. She is the
rst, and to date, only woman to have surpassed the 2700
Elo rating barrier, reaching a career peak rating of 2735
and peak world ranking of No. 8, both achieved in 2005.
She was the number 1 rated woman in the world from
January 1989 up until the March 2015 rating list, when
she was overtaken by Chinese player Hou Yifan; she was
the No. 1 again in the August 2015 womens rating list,
in her last appearance in the FIDE World Rankings.
Traditionally, chess had been a male-dominated activity, and women were often seen as weaker players, thus
advancing the idea of a Womens World Champion.[13]
However, from the beginning, Lszl was against the
idea that his daughters had to participate in female-only
events. Women are able to achieve results similar, in
elds of intellectual activities, to that of men, he wrote.
Chess is a form of intellectual activity, so this applies to
chess. Accordingly, we reject any kind of discrimination
in this respect.[14] This put the Polgrs in conict with
the Hungarian Chess Federation of the day, whose policy was for women to play in women-only tournaments.
Polgrs older sister, Susan, rst fought the bureaucracy
by playing in mens tournaments and refusing to play in
womens tournaments. Susan Polgr, when she was a 15year-old International Master, said in 1985 that it was
due to this conict that she had not been awarded the
Grandmaster title despite having made the norm eleven
times.[15]
She has won or shared rst in the chess tournaments of

Hastings 1993, Madrid 1994, Len 1996, U.S. Open
1998, Hoogeveen 1999, Sigeman & Co 2000, Japfa 2000,
and the Najdorf Memorial 2000.[3]
Polgr is the only woman to have won a game against
a reigning world number one player, and has defeated
eleven current or former world champions in either
rapid or classical chess: Magnus Carlsen, Anatoly Karpov, Garry Kasparov, Vladimir Kramnik, Boris Spassky,
Vasily Smyslov, Veselin Topalov, Viswanathan Anand,
Ruslan Ponomariov, Alexander Khalifman, and Rustam
Kasimdzhanov.[4]
2 Career
Polgr has rarely played in womens-specic tournaments

or divisions and has never competed for the Womens
World Championship: I always say that women should
have the self-condence that they are as good as male
players, but only if they are willing to work and take it seriously as much as male players.[16] While Lszl Polgr
has been credited with being an excellent chess coach,[17]
the Polgrs had also employed professional chessplayers to train their daughters, including Hungarian cham1 Early life
pion IM Tibor Florian, GM Pal Benko, and Russian GM
Alexander Chernin.[18][19][20] Susan Polgr, the eldest of
Polgr was born on 23 July 1976 in Budapest, to a the sisters, 5 years older than Sophia and 7 years older
Hungarian Jewish family.[10] Polgr and her two older sis- than Judit, was the rst of the sisters to achieve promiters, Grandmaster Susan and International Master Soa, nence in chess by winning tournaments, and by 1986, she
On 13 August 2014, she announced her retirement
from competitive chess.[5][6][7] In June 2015, Polgr was
elected as the new captain and head coach of the Hungarian national mens team.[8] On 20 August 2015, she
received Hungarys highest decoration, the Grand Cross
of the Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary.[9]
CAREER
was the worlds top-rated female chess player.[21][22][23]

Initially, being the youngest, Judit was separated from her
sisters while they were in training. However, this only
served to increase Judits curiosity. After learning the
rules, they discovered Judit was able to nd solutions to
the problems they were studying, and she began to be invited into the group.[24] One evening, Susan was studying
an endgame with their trainer, a strong International Master. Unable to nd the solution, they woke Judit, who was
asleep in bed and carried her into the training room. Still
half asleep, Judit showed them how to solve the problem,
after which they put her back to bed.[11] Lszl Polgrs
experiment would produce a family of one international
master and two grandmasters and would strengthen the
argument for nurture over nature, but also prove women
could be grandmasters of chess.[25]
it also had players of expert strength, who were foreign

to the United States and had not been rated yet. Milorad
Boskovic related a conversation with Judits sixth-round
opponent, a Yugoslav player he knew to be a strong expert: He told me he took some chances in the game
because he couldn't believe she was going to attack so
well.[36] Not able to speak English, her mother interpreted as she told a reporter her goal was to be a chess
professional. When the reporter asked her if she would be
world champion one day, Judit answered: I will try.[33]
2.1
In April 1988, Polgr made her rst International Master norm in the International B section of the New York
Open.[38] In August 1988, she won the under-12 Boys
section of the World Youth Chess and Peace Festival
in Timioara, Romania.[39][40] In October 1988, she nished rst in a 10-player round-robin tournament in London, scoring 72, for a half point lead over Israeli GM
Yair Kraidman.[41] With these three results, she completed the requirements for the International Master title; at the time, she had been the youngest player ever
to have achieved this distinction.[42] Both Bobby Fischer
and Garry Kasparov were 14 when they were awarded
the title; Polgr was 12.[43] It was during this time that
former World Champion Mikhail Tal said Polgr had the
potential to win the mens World Championship.[44]
Child prodigy
Trained in her early years by her sister Susan, who ultimately became Womens World Champion, Judit Polgr
was a prodigy from an early age. At age 5, she defeated
a family friend without looking at the board. After the
game, the friend joked: You are good at chess, but I'm a
good cook. Judit replied: Do you cook without looking
at the stove?"[26] However, according to Susan, Judit was
not the sister with the most talent, explaining: Judit was a
slow starter, but very hard-working.[27] Polgr described
herself at that age as obsessive about chess.[28] She rst
defeated an International Master, Dol Drimer, at age
10,[29] and a grandmaster, Lev Gutman, at age 11.[30]
In late 1986, 10-year-old Judit defeated 52-year-old Romanian IM Dol Drimer in the Adsteam Lidums International Tournament in Adelaide, Australia. Edmar Mednis
said he played his best game of the tournament against Judit: I was careful in that game...Grandmasters don't like
to lose to 10-year-old girls, because then we make the
front page of all the papers.[37]
J. PolgrV. Metodiev, Albena, 1986

1.Rxh7 Rxh7 2.Qxg6+ Kh8 3.Qe8+ with mate to follow.
Polgr was 10 years old.[31][32]
Judit started playing in tournaments at 6 years old, and
by age 9, her rating with the Hungarian Chess Federation was 2080. She was a member of a chess club in
Budapest, where she would get experience from master
level players.[33] In 1984, in Budapest, Sophia and Judit,
at the time 9 and 7 years of age, respectively, played two
games of blindfold chess against two masters, which they
won. At one point, the girls complained that one of their
opponents was playing too slowly and suggested a clock
should be used.[34]
In April 1986, 9-year-old Judit played in her rst rated
tournament in the U.S., nishing rst in the unrated section of the New York Open, winning US$1,000.[35] All
three Polgr sisters competed. Susan, 16, competed in
the grandmaster section and had a victory against GM
Walter Browne and Sophia, 11, nished second in her
section, but Judit gathered most of the attention in the
tournament. Grandmasters would drop by to watch the
serious, quiet child playing.[33] She won her rst seven
games before drawing the nal game. Although the unrated section had many of the weaker players in the Open,
Judit with sister Soa at Thessaloniki 1988.
Judit was asked about playing against boys instead of the

girls section of tournaments: These other girls are not
serious about chess...I practice ve or six hours a day,
but they get distracted by cooking and work around the
2.2
Grandmaster
house.[43]
In November 1988, Judit and her sisters, along with Ildik
Mdl, represented Hungary in the Womens section of the
28th Chess Olympiad in Thessaloniki. The International
Chess Federation would not permit the Polgrs to play
against men in team competitions.[45] Prior to the tournament, Eduard Gufeld, Soviet GM and team coach for
the Soviet womens team, dismissed the Polgrs: I believe that these girls are going to lose a good part of their
quickly acquired image in the 28th Olympiad...Afterward
we are going to know if the Hungarian sisters are geniuses
or just women!"[46] However, Hungarys womens team
won the championship, which marked the rst time it was
not won by the Soviet Union. Judit played board 2 and
nished the tournament with the highest score of 12
to win the individual gold medal.[47] She also won the
brilliancy prize for her game against Pavlina Angelova.[48]
In the January 1989 Elo rating list, at the age of 12, she
was rated 2555, which was number 55 in the world and
35 rating points ahead of the Womens World Champion
Maia Chiburdanidze. In the 6 months since the previous
list, she had gained a remarkable 190 rating points.[49][50]
Judits quiet and modest demeanour at the board[51] contrasted with the intensity of her playing style. David Norwood, British GM, in recalling Judit beating him when
he was an established player and she was just a child,
described her as this cute little auburn-haired monster
who crushed you.[52] British journalist Dominic Lawson
wrote about 12-year-old Judits killer eyes and how she
would stare at her opponent: The irises are so grey so
dark they are almost indistinguishable from the pupils.
Set against her long red hair, the eect is striking.[53]
3
George H. W. Bush and his wife Barbara met with the
Polgrs during their visit to Hungary.[34] Although not released until 1996, in 1990 a documentary about children
playing chess, Chess Kids, featuring Polgr, was lmed.
The documentary did not include an interview with Polgr as her father required payment.[57][58]
In 1990, Judit won the Boys section of the under-14 in
the World Youth Chess Festival in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin.[59] Also in 1990, Judit and her sisters represented
Hungary on the Olympic womens team winning the gold
medal. As of 2014, it is the last women-only tournament
in which Judit would ever participate.[21]
In October 1991, Judit nished with 53, tied for
third to fth position with Zoltn Ribli and John Nunn,
at a tournament in Vienna.[60][61]
2.2 Grandmaster
In December 1991, Polgr achieved the grandmaster title by winning the Hungarian National Championship,
at the time the youngest ever at 15 years, 5 months to
have achieved the title. This beat Fischers record by a
month.[51][62] Hungary, one of the strongest chess-playing
countries, had all but one of their strongest players participate in that years championship, as only Zoltn Ribli
was missing. Going into the last round, Polgr needed
only a draw to achieve the GM title, but she won her
game against GM Tibor Tolnai to nish rst, with six
points in nine games.[63] In January 1991, Judits sister
Susan had also earned the GM title. Susan had the distinction of being the rst woman to earn the GM title by
achieving three GM norms and achieving a rating over
Before age 13, she had broken into the top 100 players in
2500 as previous female GMs, Nona Gaprindashvili and
the world and the British Chess Magazine declared: Judit
Maia Chiburdanidze, were awarded the title by winning
Polgrs recent results make the performances of Fischer
the Womens World Championship.[22]
[26]
and Kasparov at a similar age pale by comparison.
British GM Nigel Short called Judit one of the three In 1992, Polgr tied for second, behind Anatoly Karpov
or four greatest chess prodigies in history.[54] The other at the Madrid International in Linares. She and Rus[64]
In
great chess prodigies were Paul Morphy, Jos Capa- sian GM Vladimir Epishin nished with 53.
[18]
blanca, and Samuel Reshevsky.
However, not every- July 1992, she placed second in the Reshevsky Memoone was as enthusiastic, and she also had to face prejudice rial in Manhattan nishing with four wins, ve draws and
[65]
In September 1992, Polgr participated in
because of her sex. For example, Kasparov expressed no losses.
doubts at one point: She has fantastic chess talent, but a tournament held in Aruba in which a team of senior
she is, after all, a woman. It all comes down to the im- mens players competed against a team of top women
perfections of the feminine psyche. No woman can sus- players. The mens team consisted of Lev Polugaevsky,
tain a prolonged battle.[54] Later in life, however, Kas- Wolfgang Uhlmann, Oscar Panno, Em Geller, Borislav
parov revised his opinion: The Polgars showed that there Ivkov and Vasily Smyslov. The womens team consisted
are no inherent limitations to their aptitudean idea that of Judit and Zsuzsa Polgr, Pia Cramling, Chiburdanidze,
many male players refused to accept until they had un- Ketevan Arakhamia and Alisa Galliamova. The men won
ceremoniously been crushed by a twelve-year-old with a the tournament 3933. The overall high scorer was Polugaevsky, 57 years old with Polgr, 16, nishing second
ponytail.[55]
with 74.[66]
In 1989, Polgr tied with Boris Gelfand for third in the
Polgr then tied for rst in the Hastings tournament held
OHRA Open in Amsterdam.[56]
over New Years, 199293. Russian GM Evgeny BaBy now, numerous books and articles had been written
reev, at the time ranked eighth in the world, led goabout the Polgr sisters, making them famous even outing into tournaments last round, but was defeated by
side of the world of chess. In 1989, American President
Polgr in their second individual game, allowing her to
CAREER
the match, saying to a friend on whether the match would

take place, No, they're Jewish.[76][77][78]
In the summer of 1994, Polgr had the greatest success
of her career to that point, when she won the Madrid
International in Spain. Against a eld which included
Gata Kamsky, Evgeny Bareev, Valery Salov and Ivan
Sokolov, she nished 72 and 1 points ahead of second
place.[79][80] Her performance rating for the tournament
was 2778 against an opposition rated at 2672.[81]
In October 1994, she played in a tournament in Buenos
Aires which was a tribute to an ailing Polugaevsky.
Eight grandmasters participated, all considered contenders for the world championship: Karpov, Anand, Salov, Ivanchuk, Kamsky, Shirov, Ljubojevi and Polgr.
The tournament was unusual as Black in each game was
required to play a Sicilian Defence, since Polugaevsky
was considered the all-time authority on the opening.[82]
This was to Polgrs advantage as it was her favourite.
In 1993, Polgr defeated former World Champion Boris Spassky
Against the elite competition she nished tied for third
(pictured here in 1984) in an exhibition match.
with Ivanchuk.[83][84]
[67]
share rst.
Immediately following the Hastings tournament, Polgr played an exhibition match in February
against former World Champion, Boris Spassky. She won
the match 54 and won the largest prize money to
that point in her career of $110,000.[68] Polgr also participated in the Melody Amber tournament in Monaco
which featured a blindfold tournament of 12 grandmasters. Anand and Karpov nished rst, Ljubojevi third,
while Polgr nished in clear fourth with 6 points from
11 rounds, ahead of other strong GMs such as Ivanchuk,
Short, Korchnoi and her sister Susan.[69][70]
In September 1995, Polgr nished third with a score of

7-4 in the Donner Memorial in Amsterdam, behind Jan
Timman and Julio Granda Zuniga, who tied for rst, and
ahead of Yasser Seirawan, Alexander Khuzman, Alexei
Shirov, Alexander Khalifman, Alexander Morozevich
and Valery Salov.[85] She secured a clear third place with
a 21-move win over Shirov in her last game.[86][87] In the
Antillean island of Aruba in November 1995, she played
in a friendly match against Jeroen Piket of the Netherlands, at the time one of the top players in Europe. Despite being closely matched in ratings, Polgr won the
match 62.[88]
In 1993, Polgr became the rst woman to ever qualify

for a mens Interzonal tournament. In March, she nished in a four-way tie for second place in the Budapest
Zonal and won the tiebreaking tournament.[71][72][73] She
then conrmed her status as one of the worlds leading
players, narrowly failing to qualify for the Candidates
Tournaments at the rival FIDE and PCA Interzonal
tournaments.[74][75]
In the summer of 1993, Bobby Fischer stayed for a time in
the Polgr household. He had been living in seclusion in
Yugoslavia due to an arrest warrant issued by the United
States for violating the U.N. blockade of Yugoslavia with
his 1992 match against Spassky, and for tax evasion. Susan Polgr met Bobby with her family and persuaded him
to come out of hiding in a cramped hotel room in a small
Yugoslavian village.[76] During his stay, he played many
games of Fischer Random Chess and helped the sisters
analyse their games. Susan said, while he was friendly
on a personal level and recalled mostly pleasant moments
as their guest, there were conicts due to his political
views. On the suggestion of a friend of Fischer, a match
of blitz chess between Fischer and Polgr was arranged
and announced to the press. However, problems ensued
between Fischer and Lszl Polgr and Fischer cancelled
Lewis chessmen. In 1995, Nigel Short and Polgr were to play a

game using the famous chess set, but the British Museum refused.
In 1995, the Isle of Lewis chess club in Scotland attempted to arrange a game between Polgr and Nigel
Short in which the famous Lewis chessmen would be
used. The Lewis chessmen is a chess set carved in the
12th century. However, the British Museum refused to
release the set despite assurances that the players would
wear gloves. Scottish member of parliament Calum MacDonald pointed out that the set would be safe, especially
as chess was not a contact sport.[89] In the end, the Mu-
2.3
Strongest female player ever
seum allowed the chess set to be displayed at the Isle of

Lewis festival tournament, but they were not used in any
games. Polgr won the double round-robin tournament of
four GMs, scoring ve points in the six games and winning both her games against Short.[90][91]
2.2.1
Kasparov touch-move controversy
5
into a slump over the next six rounds, gaining only half
a point.[92] The incident may also have had an eect on
Kasparov, who turned out a subpar performance in the
tournament.[96]
2.3 Strongest female player ever
Polgr is the strongest female chess player of all time.[1]

In August 1996, she participated in a very strong 10player tournament in Vienna. There was a three-way tie
for rst between Karpov, Topalov and Boris Gelfand and
a three-way tie for fourth between Kramnik, Polgr and
Lk.[101][102] In December 1996, Polgr played a match
in So Paulo against Brazils champion Gilbert Milos.
The four games were played at 30 moves an hour with
At Linares 1994, Polgr lost a controversial game to 30 minutes for the remainder of the game. Polgr won
the World Champion Garry Kasparov. The tournament two, drew one and lost one and won $12,000 in prize
marked the rst time the 17-year-old Polgr was invited money.[103]
to compete with the worlds strongest players. After four
games she had two points.[92] During her game with Kas- In February 1997, she played in the Linares superparov in the fth round, Kasparov gradually outplayed tournament which Kasparov won by edging out Kramher and had a clear advantage after 35 moves.[93] On his nik. Polgr nished in clear fth position in the 12ahead of Anand, Ivanchuk, Gelfand
36th move, the World Champion reportedly changed his GM tournament,
[104][105]
and
Shirov.
Her result was considered excepmind about the move of a knight, and moved the piece to
tional
considering
the
strength of the tournament, aver[94][95]
a dierent square.
According to chess rules, once
age
2701,
and
she
was
praised for her tactical skills in
a player has released a piece, the move must stand, so
[106]
her
game
against
Ivanchuk.
In April 1997, she played
if Kasparov did remove his hand, he should have been
in
the
Dos
Hermanas
Chess
tournament,
a single-round
required to play his original move. Polgr did not chalrobin
category
XIX
event
of
10
of
the
worlds
best playlenge Kasparov, in the moment, because, she stated, I
ers.
She
nished
in
sixth
place
with
an
even
score
of 4
was playing the World Champion and didn't want to cause
[107][108]
4.
In
June
1997,
she
nished
with
an
even
score,
unpleasantness during my rst invitation to such an im44,
in
the
Madrid
10-player
GM
tournament
won
by
portant event. I was also afraid that if my complaint was
[109]
Topalov.
In
July
1997,
Polgr
competed
in
the
elite
overruled I would be penalized on the clock when we were
in time pressure. She did however look questioningly at Dortmund International Tournament. She nished in fth
eld of ten, ahead of players such as Anatoly
the arbiter, Carlos Falcon, who witnessed the incident and in the strong
[110]
Karpov.
In
the tournament, she won playing with the
[93]
took no action.
black pieces against Veselin Topalov, at the time ranked
The incident was caught on tape by a crew from the Span- fourth in the world. Topalov had the advantage until Polish television company PVS, and the videotape showed gr executed a deep positional sacrice.[111] In October
that Kasparovs ngers were free of the knight for about 1997, she tied for second in a double round-robin tour1/25 of a second, or a single frame of the video.[96] nament of four grandmasters in the VAM International
Tournament director Carlos Falcon did not forfeit Kas- Tournament in Hoogeveen, the Netherlands.[112]
parov when the videotape evidence was made available to
him.[97] As U.S. chess journalist Shelby Lyman pointed There has long been a lively debate about who is the
out, in the majority of sports instant replays do not strongest player of all, wrote GM Robert Byrne in his
overrule a referees original decision and chess is no New York Times column of Aug. 26, 1997. Prominent
exception.[96] The video has never been publicly released, candidates are Bobby Fischer, Garry Kasparov, Jose Raul
at the request of tournament sponsor Luis Rentero.[93] At Capablanca, Alexander Alekhine or Emanuel Lasker.
greatest female player:
one point Polgr reportedly confronted Kasparov in the But there is no argument about the
[110]
she
is
21-year-old
Judit
Polgr.
[98]
hotel bar, asking him, How could you do this to me?"
Following this incident, Kasparov bluntly told an inter- In January 1998, she played in the category XVII event,
viewer "... she just publicly said I was cheating. ... I the Hoogovens in Wijk aan Zee, Netherlands, in which
think a girl of her age should be taught some good man- 14 of the worlds top grandmasters participated. She
ners before making such statements.[99] Subsequently, nished in the middle of the pack, tied for sixthtenth
Kasparov refused to speak to her for three years.[93] Kas- position with Karpov, Topalov and Jeroen Piket and
parov told reporters that his conscience was clear, as he an even score of 6 points in thirteen games. Polgr
was not aware of his hand leaving the piece.[100] Although handed co-winner Vishwanathan Anand his only loss of
Polgr recovered by the end of the tournament, she went the tournament.[113][114] In June 1998 in Budapest, PolJ. PolgrG. Kasparov,
Linares, 1994
The position before the move in question. Allegedly,
Kasparov played 36...Nc5?, which loses the exchange
to 37.Bc6, quickly realised his error, and substituted
36...Nf8.
CAREER
by Kasparov. She did not win her rst game until the
11th round and nished with 5 points in 13 games, tied
with Victor Korchnoi for 1112 position among the fourteen GMs.[122] However, in the European Teams Championship in Batumi, Georgia, also in January, she won the
gold medal playing Board 2, scoring 62.[123]
In 1998 Polgr defeated Anatoly Karpov in a match of action

chess (30 minutes per game). At the time Karpov was FIDE World
Champion.
gr played an eight-game match of action chess, which

is 30 minutes for the entire game, against Anatoly Karpov. She won the match 53 by winning two games with
the remaining ending in draws. At the time Karpov was
the FIDE World Champion.[115] In August 1998, Polgr
became the rst woman to ever win the U.S. Open held
at the Kona Surf Resort in Kailua-Kona, Hawaii. She
shared the tournament victory with GM Boris Gulko as
each scored 81. Typical of her aggressive style was
her victory against GM Georgi Kacheishvili in which
she sacriced her queen for the attack.[116] In October
1998, Polgr won the VAM four-grandmaster tournament in Hoogeveen, Netherlands by 1 points over Jan
Timman.[117][118] In November 1998, Polgr played in
the Wydra Memorial Rapid chess tournament in Israel.
She tied for rst with Viswanathan Anand as both scored
11 out of the 14 games. Anand won the tournament in
a tie-break game over Polgr.[119]
In the two years since Polgr became the rst woman
to ever break into the top 10, her rating had dropped.
Although she was in the top 20, this had the eect
of her being invited less frequently to the strongest
tournaments.[117]
In October 1999, Polgr participated in the fourplayer GM section of the VAM Chess tournament in
Hoogeveen, Netherlands. Jan Timman led early in the
tournament, but Polgr staged a comeback scoring 3
points in the last 4 games to share rst place. Anatoly
Karpov nished in third and Darmen Sadvakasov last.[120]
In January 2000, Polgr had, for her, a disappointing
result in a tournament in Pamplona, Spain, which was
won by Nigel Short. She nished with only 4 points
from 9 games, tied for 67 place with Jan Timman, who
had also played below his rating.[121] Polgr had another
disappointing result later in the month in the category
XVIII tournament in Corus Wijk aan Zee which was won
In April and May 2000, Polgr won one of the strongest

tournaments ever held in Asia. The Japfa Classic in Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia, was a category XVI event of 10
players in which included Alexander Khalifmanat the
time FIDE world champion and Anatoly Karpovhis
predecessor.[124] Going into the last round four players,
Polgr, Khalifman, Karpov and Gilberto Milos were tied,
but Polgr won her game over Braziliam GM Milos while
Khalifman and Karpov played against each other in a
draw. Polgr nished clear rst with 62, winning the
$20,000 rst place prize money.[125][126][127] At the end
of May, she won the Sigeman & Company International
Tournament in Malm, Sweden. She nished the fourplayer double round-robin tournament scoring 4 points,
with Jan Timman at 3 with Ulf Andersson and Tiger
Hillarp-Persson nishing in that order.[128] In June 2000,
she played in the GM Tournament Mrida, State of Yucatn, nishing in second place a half point behind Alexei
Shirov.[129] In September 2000, she shared rst place in
the Najdorf Chess Festival with Viktor Bologan, ahead
of Nigel Short and Anatoly Karpov.[129] In October and
November, she represented Hungary playing board 3 in
the 34th Chess Olympiad. While the Hungarian team
narrowly missed winning the Bronze medal, Polgr nished 10/13 for the second highest points total of any
player in the Olympiad[130] and a rated performance level
of 2772.[131]
In late February and early March 2001, Polgr played in
the elite Linares double round-robin invitational of six of
the worlds strongest players. The tournament was Kasparovs triumph as he scored 7 points in 10 games. The
other ve participants, Polgr, Karpov, Shirov, Grischuk
and Lk all nished with 4 for second and last position.
However, Polgr drew both her games with Kasparov, the
rst time in her career she had done this under tournament time controls.[132][133][134][135] In March 2001, she
reached the seminals of the World Cup rapid play tournament in Cannes. She made it to the nal four from the
16 grandmasters in the tournament. She lost the seminal
match to Evgeny Bareev, who in turn lost to Kasparov. In
a quarternal playo blitz game, she forced Jol Lautier,
Frances strongest player, to resign in 12 moves when she
won his queen which resulted in the audience of several
hundred bursting into applause.[136] In June 2001, Polgr
nished fourth in the European Championship in Ohrid,
Macedonia, a 13-round Swiss-system tournament of 143
Grandmasters and 38 IMs.[137] In October 2001, she tied
for rst with GM Loek van Wely in the Essent Tourney
in Hoogeveen, the Netherlands.[138]
2.4
2.4
Making history
Making history
In September 2002, in the Russia versus the Rest of the

World Match, Polgr nally defeated Garry Kasparov in
a game. The tournament was played under rapid rules
with 25 minutes per game and a 10-second bonus per
move. She won the game with exceptional positional play.
Kasparov with black chose the Berlin Defence instead of
his usual Sicilian and Polgr proceeded with a line which
Kasparov has used himself. Polgr was able to attack
with her rooks on Kasparovs king which was still in the
centre of the board and when he was two pawns down,
Kasparov resigned.[139] The game helped the World team
win the match 5248.[140] Upon resigning, Kasparov immediately left by a passageway barred to journalists and
photographers. Kasparov had once described Polgr as
a circus puppet and asserted that women chess players
should stick to having children. Polgr called the game,
One of the most remarkable moments of my career.[98]
The game was historic as it was the rst time in chess history that a female player beat the worlds No. 1 player
in competitive play.[141] An interview with Polgr including video of the match was included in the BBC Witness
radio program in 2016.[142]
In October and November 2002, Polgr played on second
board (with Pter Lk on rst) for Hungary in the 35th
Chess Olympiad. While not having the stunning performance as she had in the 2000 Olympiad, she helped Hungary attain the silver medal for the event. While the Hungarians had the best winloss record of the tournament as
a team and lost only a single game of the 56 they played,
they had won most of their matches by 21 scores,
while the Russian team won gold as they piled up the
points. However, Hungary gave the gold-winning Russian team its only defeat. Always the crowd-pleaser, Polgr roused the hall in her fourth round game against Azerbaijans Shakhriyar Mamedyarov with a brilliant 12.Nxf7
drawing his king into the center of the board.[143][144]
By early 2003, Polgr had worked her way back into the
top 10 rated players in the world.[145][146] In 2003, Polgr scored one of her best results: an undefeated clear
second place in the Category 19 Corus chess tournament
in Wijk aan Zee, Netherlands, just a half-point behind
future World Champion Viswanathan Anand, and a full
point ahead of then-world champion Vladimir Kramnik.
One of the highlight games of the tournament was Polgrs fourth round crushing victory over Anatoly Karpov. She played a novelty in the opening which she devised over the board. The game lasted 33 moves with
Karpov down two pawns and his king exposed. Polgr admitted to enjoying herself by the end of the
game.[147] In April 2003, Polgr nished second in The
Hunguest Hotels Super Tournament in Budapest behind
Nigel Short. She appeared headed for a rst-place victory
in the tournament, but lost her game against compatriot
Pter Lk.[148][149][150] In June 2003, Polgr nished tied
for third with Boris Gelfand, in the Enghien-les-Bains In-
7
ternational Tournament in France, scoring 53, behind Evgeny Bareev who won the tournament and GM
Michael Adams.[151] In August 2003, Polgr played an
eight-game rapid chess match in Mainz, Germany against
Viswanathan Anand, billed as the Battle of the Sexes.
After six games each player had won three games. Anand
won the nal two games to win the match.[152][153] In October 2003, Polgr won the 4grandmaster Essent tournament in Hoogeveen, Netherlands. In one of her games
against Karpov, he blundered, allowing Polgr to utilize a famous double bishop sacrice rst employed by
Emanuel Lasker against Bauer in 1889.[154][155][156][157]
In 2004, Polgr took some time o from chess to give
birth to her son, Olivr. She was consequently considered
inactive and not listed on the January 2005 FIDE rating
list. Her sister Susan reactivated her playing status during
this period, and temporarily became the worlds No. 1
ranked womens player again.[158]
Polgr returned to chess at the prestigious Corus chess
tournament on 15 January 2005. The tournament, which
was now considered by some as the most important in Europe, was won by fellow Hungarian Pter Lk while Polgr scored 7/13 to tie for fourth with Alexander Grischuk,
Michael Adams and Kramnik.[159] She was therefore
relisted in the April 2005 FIDE rating list, gaining a
few rating points for her better-than-par performance at
Corus. In May she also had a better-than-par performance at a strong tournament in Soa, Bulgaria, nishing third.[160] This brought her to her highest ever rating,
2735, in the July 2005 FIDE list and enabled her to retain
her spot as the eighth ranked player in the world.[161][162]
In September 2005, Polgr once again made history
as she became the rst woman to play for a World
Championship, at the FIDE World Chess Championship
2005. However, she had a rare disappointing performance, coming last out of the eight competitors. Polgr was unrecognizable in her rst-round encounter with
Viswanathan Anand, wrote GM Robert Byrne in his
New York Times column, making more errors than she
normally would in a dozen games.[163] However, in her
game against Veselin Topalov, Polgr pushed the eventual
tournament winner and world champion to a seven-hour
marathon before succumbing.[164]
She did not play at the 2006 Linares tournament because
she was pregnant again. On 6 July 2006, she gave birth
to a girl, Hanna.
Polgr participitated in the FIDE world blitz championship on 57 September 2006 in Rishon Le Zion, Israel. Blitz chess is played with each player having only
5 minutes for all moves. The round-robin tournament of
16 of some of the strongest players in the world, concluded with Alexander Grischuk nally edging out Peter Svidler in a tie-break to win the tournament. Polgr nished tied for fth/sixth place, winning $5,625 for
the three-day tournament.[165][166] Polgr tied with Boris
Gelfand with 9 points and won her individual game
8
against Viswanathan Anand, at the time the worlds No.
2 player.[167] In October 2006, Polgr scored another excellent result: tied for rst place in the Essent Chess Tournament, Hoogeveen, the Netherlands.[168] She scored 4
out of 6 in a double round-robin tournament that included
two wins against the worlds top-rated player, Veselin
Topalov. In December 2006, Polgr played a six-game
match of blindfold rapid chess against former FIDE world
champion Veselin Topalov. Topalov won the match 3
2 with two wins to Polgrs one.[169] Nearly 1,000 spectators attended the event.[170]
CAREER
In January 2008 she competed in the strong Corus Wijk

aan Zee tournament, scoring a respectable 6/13 and tied
911 in the 14 player tournament.[181] In November
2008, Polgr had a terrible result in The World Chess
Blitz Championship in Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan,
nished last of the 16 players with only 2 points.[182]
In November 2008, Polgr played the number 2 board
for the Hungarian open (mens) team in the 38th Chess
Olympiad in Dresden, nishing 3/8.
In November 2009, Polgr participated in the FIDE

World Cup at Khanty Mansisyk in Siberia. Polgr made
In MayJune 2007 she played in the Candidates Tour- it to the third round of the knockout tournament until she
nament for the FIDE World Chess Championship 2007. was eliminated by tournament winner Boris Gelfand. She
She was eliminated in the rst round, losing 32 to handed Gelfand his only loss of the tournament.[183]
Evgeny Bareev. Some chess pundits said she was unprepared for the tournament and appeared aected by the
fact that she had played less chess in the last three years 2.5 Return to competition
to concentrate on her two children. However, she was still
credited with the most beautiful attack of the tournament In 2010, Polgr began her return to competitive chess
in her fth game victory.[171] In July 2007, Polgr played and would play more than she had in recent years. In
in the Biel Chess Festival which was won by 16-year-old March 2010, Polgr played a four-game match against
Magnus Carlsen. Polgr nished the 9 round tournament GM Gregory Kaidanov at Hilton Head, South Carolina.
at 54 in a four-way tie for third to sixth place.[172][173] It was required that each game begin with the Sicilian
A highlight game for her was actually a draw. Polgr Defense. The match was drawn with each player winning
was playing an endgame of knight against knight and two games.[184][185] In April 2010, Polgr played an eighttwo connected passed pawns of Alexander Grischuk, but game rapid chess match against Czech GM David Navara
she was able to eliminate both pawns.[174][175] In Octo- which was part of the EZ Chess Trophy 2010 festiber 2007, Polgr played in the Blindfold World Cup in val of the Prague Chess Society. Despite slightly higher
Bilbao, Spain. Polgr nished in fourth place of the six ranking, 2708 to Polgrs 2682, Navara lost the match 6
players with three wins, four losses, and three draws. The 2.[186] Polgr participated in the rapid chess tournament
tournament was won by Bu Xiangzhi of China, whose of the Presidential Chess Cup in Baku, Azerbaijan from
only loss was to Polgr.[176][177][178] In November 2007, 29 April to 1 May 2010. She nished with one win, two
she took part in Chess Champions League Playing for losses and four draws, tied for fth position in the eighta Better World in Vitoria Gasteiz, Spain a tournament player round robin. The tournament nished with a threeto raise funds for equipment for a Hospital in Mbuji- way tie for rst with the winner, Kramnik being decided
Mayi, Congo. Polgr nished tied for third in the strong by Elo over Mamedyarov and Kamsky.[187] In June 2010,
six-player tournament and handed tournament winner it was reported Polgr was assisting GM Zoltn Almsi in
Veselin Topalov his only loss.[179][180]
training for the Olympiad.[188]
In September and October 2010, Polgr played 3rd
board for the Hungarian Mens team in the 39th Chess
Olympiad in Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia. The team nished in fourth place losing the Bronze medal to Israel
on tie-break. Playing more in 2010 than in recent years,
Polgr nished fourth overall among Board three players
with a 6/10 score.[189] The highlight for the Hungarian
Mens team was a fth-round victory over Russia I.[190] In
November 2010, Polgr won the four-player rapid tournament which was held to celebrate the National University of Mexicos 100th anniversary. Polgr won a
close opening match against Vassily Ivanchuk. She then
crushed Veselin Topalov, a former world champion and
ranked No. 1 in the world in 2009, 3 to win the
tournament.[191][192][193]
Polgr at the Mainz Chess Classic 2008
Judit PolgrRomain Edouard

European Ch., Aix-les-Bains, 2011
Position after 35...h6. In an apparent draw, Polgr nds
the winning move: 36.h5! threatening to place a pawn on
9
g6. The game continued: 36...Rg8 37.Rd7 Rg7 38.Bf7
10.[194][195]
On 2 April 2011, Polgr nished in a four-way tie for
rst in the European Individual Chess Championship in
Aix-les-Bains, France.[196] The tournament, of 393 players of which 167 were Grandmasters, was won by Russian Vladimir Potkin on tie-break, GM Radosaw Wojtaszek won the silver, while Polgr placed third, winning the bronze.[197] Polgr was praised for her creative
attacks and endgame technique.[198] Polgr became the
rst woman ever to nish in the top three of the male
championship.[199] Continuing Polgrs return to competitive chess, in July 2011 she participated in the 39th
Greek Team National Championship scoring 3 out of
4 games. Also in July 2011, Polgr played Board 3 for
Hungary in the World Team Championships. Hungary
nished in fth place of the ten teams and individually
Polgr sixteenth of the fty players.[200]
In September 2011, Polgr competed in the Chess World
Cup, a 128-player tournament with a large prize fund
and qualication to the top three for the World Championship cycle. Polgr made it to the nal 8 players before she was eliminated by Peter Svidler. A highlight for
Polgr was her elimination of the tournaments No. 1
seed and worlds fth highest rated player, Sergey Karjakin.[201][202][203] In October 2011, Polgr took part in
the Unive 2011 competition. She nished last in the
elite four-player Crown group, losing games to Vladimir
Kramnik and Anish Giri.[204]
In September 2011, Polgr nally returned to Super
GM status with a FIDE rating of 2701 and by November she had raised it to 2710 and ranked 35 in the
world.[205][206]
To begin 2012, in January Polgr competed in the Tradewise Gibraltar tournament nishing with 7 points in 10
games. For the rst time in 22 years since she lost to
Nona Gaprindashvili on the 1990 Chess Olympiad, Polgr lost her rst classical game to a female player[207] as
Womens World champion Hou Yifan won their individual game and tied for rst before losing the playo to
Nigel Short.[208][209]
3 Playing style
While having a solid understanding of positional play,
Polgr excels in tactics and is known for an aggressive playing style, striving to maximize the initiative and
actively pursuing complications.[213] The former World
Champion Garry Kasparov wrote that, based upon her
games, if to 'play like a girl' meant anything in chess, it
would mean relentless aggression.[214] In her youth, she
was especially popular with the fans due to her willingness
to employ wild gambits and attacks.[215] As a teenager,
Polgr has been credited with contributing to the popularity of the opening variation Kings Bishops Gambit.[216]
Polgr prefers aggressive openings, playing 1.e4 as White
and the Sicilian or Kings Indian Defence with black, but
she has also said her opening choices will also depend
upon her trainer.[20][213][217] Jennifer Shahade, writer and
two-time U.S. womens chess champion, suggested that
the inuence of Polgr as a role model may be one of the
reasons women play more aggressive chess than men.[218]
Describing an individual encounter with Polgr, former
U.S. Champion Joel Benjamin said, It was all-out war
for ve hours. I was totally exhausted. She is a tiger at
the chessboard. She absolutely has a killer instinct. You
make one mistake and she goes right for the throat.[219]
Polgr is especially adept at faster time controls. When
she was still a youth, Der Spiegel wrote of her, her tactical
thunderstorms during blitz games have confounded many
opponents, who are rated higher.[44]
Polgr has spoken of appreciating the psychological aspect of chess. She has stated preferring to learn an opponents style so she can play intentionally against him
or her rather than playing objective chess.[220] In her
2002 victory (at 25 minutes time control) over Kasparov,
she deliberately chose a line Kasparov had used against
Vladimir Kramnik, employing the strategy of forcing the
opponent to play against himself. Kasparovs response
was inadequate and he soon found himself in an inferior
position.[139] In an interview regarding playing against
computers she said, Chess is 30 to 40% psychology. You
don't have this when you play a computer. I can't confuse
it.[221]
On 5 October 2013,[210] Polgr played Nigel Short in the

eighteenth edition of Chess.coms Death Match. The nal 4 Career record versus selected
score was 1710 in Polgrs favor. They played 28
grandmasters
games in total, separated into three stages of increasingly
faster time controls, the rst being 5+1, the second 3+1
and nally 1+1. Polgr later remarked on her Facebook (Classical chess results against opponents at the Wijk
page that it was great fun to play against Nigel...[211] aan Zee 2003 tournament.)[222]
Nigel in turn tweeted in jest, Such bad chess. I should
go and hang myself...[212]
Viswanathan Anand +4-15=10
In 2014, in the World Rapid and Blitz Chess Champi Evgeny Bareev +7-3=7
onship, she came 26th in the Blitz championship and 56th
in the Rapid championship.
Alexander Grischuk +1-0=5
Vassily Ivanchuk +2-3=11
10
6 PERSONAL LIFE
Anatoly Karpov +3-8=16

Vladimir Kramnik +0-14=11
Michal Krasenkow +0-0=1
Ruslan Ponomariov +0-3=3
Teimour Radjabov +1-1=4
Alexei Shirov +9-10=10
Jan Timman +6-1=6
Loek van Wely +6-0=12
Garry Kasparov +0-8=3
Michael Adams +4-4=11
Boris Gelfand +3-6=12
Peter Leko +1-3=10
Alexander Morozevich +0-3=2
Veselin Topalov +9-10=9
Chess professional
win the world championship she said, Chess is my profession and of course I hope to improve. But I'm not going
to give up everything to become world champion; I have
my life.[52]
Polgr has said she does not have a permanent coach although she does have help from GM Lev Psakhis or GM
Mihail Marin.[24][223] She said she rarely uses a second
and when she travels to tournaments it is usually her husband who accompanies her.[224][225] Polgr said she has
changed how she prepares for tournaments. I make
more use of my experience now and try to work more
eciently so that my eorts aren't wasted, she said in
2008.[226]
Concentrating on her two children left Polgr with little time to train and play competitively and her ranking
dropped from eighth in 2005 to the mid-50s in 2009.
However, as of September 2010 Polgr remained the
only woman in the top 100 and still the only woman to
have ever made the top 10.[227] Comparing motherhood
to playing chess, Polgr has said that a chess tournament
now feels like a vacation.[24] When asked why she came
back to chess after taking time o to care for her children,
she said, I cannot live without chess! It is an integral part
of my life. I enjoy the game!"[223]
Despite being the highest-rated woman for twenty years,
Polgr has never competed for the womens world championship and in a 2011 interview was asked about this
possibility. Polgr said that in the past she has never been
interested in competing for it, but in recent years the
mentality of a couple of the women players has changed.
Polgr said that for her to consider competing it would
have to be a challenge and if I get an extremely nice offer just to play for the title.[224][225]
Polgr authored a childrens book on chess, Chess Playground. Her sister Soa provided illustrations.[228] In
recent years, Polgr designed a chess programme for
the older students of a kindergarten school in Budapest,
Hungary.[229]
In March 2013 she was awarded the Order of Merit of
the Republic of Hungary Commanders Cross with Star,
one of Hungarys highest awards, for her worldwide acknowledged life achievement as an athlete, for promoting the game of chess and for her eorts to promote the
educational benets of chess.[230][231] In August 2015,
she received the Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary, the
highest State Order that can be made to a Hungarian
civilian.[232]
Polgr at the 2008 Mainz Chess Classic
You have to be very selsh sometimes, said Polgr in

speaking of the life of a professional chess player. If
you are in a tournament, you have to think of yourself
you can't think of your wife or childrenonly about
yourself.[136] When asked in 2002 if she still desired to
6 Personal life
Members of Polgrs family perished in the Holocaust and
her grandmother was a survivor of an Auschwitz concentration camp.[233]
In August 2000, Polgr married Hungarian veterinary
11
surgeon Gusztv Font.[136][234] They have two children,
a boy named Olivr and a girl named Hanna.[235] While
Judit remained in Hungary, the rest of her family eventually emigrated: Soa and her parents to Israel and later
to Canada, and Susan to the United States.[52]
Illustrative games
J. PolgrV. Anand, Dos Hermanas 1999 Sicilian Defense: Scheveningen Variation. Delayed
Keres Attack Perenyi Gambit (B90) 10 Former
trainer for the Polgrs, IM Tibor Krolyi, called
this the most beautiful game ever played by a
woman.[236][237]
Judit PolgrFerenc Berkes, Hunguest Hotels Super
Chess Tournament 2003 French Defense: Classical. Burn Variation Main Line (C11) 10 Polgrs
opponent falls for a clever trap, expecting her to play
14.Bxa8 and he would reply with 14...g4!, but she
springs 14.g4!![238]
Alexey ShirovJudit Polgar, Buenos Aires ARG
1994 Sicilian Defense: Paulsen. Normal Variation
(B45) 01 Polgr uses a novelty to break up Shirovs pawn front. She used only 48 minutes to win
this game.
PolgrGarry Kasparov, Russia vs. The Rest of the
World match, Moscow 2002 Spanish Game: Berlin
Defense. l'Hermet Variation (C67) 10 Polgr
makes history when, for the rst time ever, a woman
defeats the worlds No. 1 chess player in a game.
References
[1] Sources citing Polgr as by far the strongest female chess

player of all time:
Anand wins chess Battle of the Sexes"". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. Associated Press. 2003-0818. p. 6A. note: The Associated Press story on
Aug.17/18, 2003 on the PolgrAnand match explicitly refers to Polgr with the words by far the
strongest woman chess player ever
Polgar, Judit. Encyclodedia Britannica Online.
Retrieved January 22, 2015. note: explicitly uses
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time.
Super-GM tournament in Soa starts. Chessbase.com. 12 May 2005. Retrieved 18 April 2010.
Judit Polgr: 'I can work myself into the top ten
again'". ChessBase. 2007-11-11. Retrieved 200802-04.
McClain, Dylan Loeb (2006-12-24). Chess; The
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Least of It. The New York Times. Retrieved 13
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Retrieved 2010-04-18. Malcolm Pein, British IM
and Executive Editor of CHESS magazine, when
speaking of A. Kosteniuks victory over Hou Yifan
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other female player.
Elite Players Of Chess To Compete. The New
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Humber, James M.; Almeder, Robert F. Human
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Weber, Bruce (1996-12-22). Next Move? Chess
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Wol, Patrick (2002). Complete Idiots guide to
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0-02-864182-5.
Kavalek, Lubomir (2005-01-17). Chess. The
Washington Post. p. C12. Kavalek, GM in the top
100 players for 26 years, called Polgr, the all-time
best female player
Pandolni, Bruce (2007). Treasure Chess: Trivia,
Quotes, Puzzles, and Lore from the Worlds Oldest
Game. Random House. p. 84. ISBN 978-0-37572204-2. Panolni, chess author and coach, writes
Judit Polgr is simply the strongest female chess
player in history.
The January 1996 FIDE ratings list was a landmark
as Polgrs 2675 rating made her the No. 10 ranked
player in the world, the only woman ever to enter
the worlds Top Ten. Berry, Jonathan (1996-0106). Kramnick, 20 Tops the rating list. The Globe
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[6] Friedel, Frederic. Judit Polgar to retire from competitive
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[7] Her ocial statement on her retirement
[8] Judit Polgar new captain of the Hungarian National
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5 September 2015.
12
[9] ORDER OF SAINT STEPHEN: PRESIDENT DER

HANDS OVER HUNGARY'S HIGHEST STATE DECORATION. Hungary Today. 24 August 2015. Retrieved 5 September 2015.
[10] Breaking Through: How the Polgar Sisters Changed the
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[11] Shenk, David (2006). The Immortal Game: Or How
32 carved pieces on a board illuminated our understanding of war, art, science, and the human brain. Anchor
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[12] Shvidler, Eli (November 22, 2007). All the right moves.
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[13] Carlisle, Rodney P. (2009). Encyclopedia of play in todays society. Sage Publications, Inc. p. 129. ISBN 9781-4129-6670-2.
[14] Koza, Patricia (UPI) (Nov 9, 1986). Sisters test male
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[15] Harold C. Schonberg (March 30, 1985). Top-rated at
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[16] Phillips, Sean (2010-08-15). A Gender Divide In The
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[17] Pandolni, Bruce (2007). Treasure Chess: Trivia, Quotes,
Puzzles, and Lore from the Worlds Oldest Game. Random
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the strongest female chess player in history.
[18] Harold C. Schonberg (March 18, 1989). Top-Rated Female Chess Player Is Just One of Three Stars at Home.
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[19] Bruce Weber (August 5, 1992). Chess Moves Are
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[20] King, Daniel (1993). How Good is Your Chess. Dover. p.
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[21] Judit Polgr Biography. Judit Polgr. Archived from the
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[22] Biography of Susan Polgar. Susan Polgar. Retrieved
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[23] 20 Questions with Susan Polgar. Chessville. Retrieved
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[24] Judit Polgr in Rocca di Papa. Chessbase. Jan 7, 2011.
[25] What Makes a Genius. Scientic American. 2008. p.
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[26] Lyman, Shelby (January 8, 1989). Talented chess players are all in the Polgar family. The Sunday Telegraph.
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[27] Dweck, Carol S. (2006). Mindset: the new psychology of
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[28] Desjarlais, Robert R. (2011). Counterplay: An Anthropologist at the Chessboard. University of California Press. p.
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[30] Judit Polgr vs Lev Gutman. chessgames.com. Retrieved 2010-05-15.
[31] Polgr, Lszl (1994). Chess:5334 Problems, Combinations and Games. Tess Press. ISBN 1-884822-312.p.1018 diagram 5231
[32] Judit Polgr 1 - Metodiev 0 (in Spanish). Javier Cordero
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[33] Schonberg, Harold C. The Polgar sisters: Hungarys
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[34] Hearst, Eliot; Knott, John (2009). Blindford chess: history, psychology, techniques, champions, world records
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[35] Young masters. The Pittsburgh Press. 102 (284). 198604-07. p. A2.
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or Genius?, Henry Holt & Co., ISBN 0-8050-24263
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Independent. London. 2002-10-21. Retrieved 2009-0727.
Hurst, Sarah (2002), Curse of Kirsan: Adventures in

the Chess Underworld, Russell Enterprises, ISBN 1888690-15-1
18
10
Karolyi, Tibor (2004), Judit Polgr, the Princess of

Chess, Batsford, ISBN 0-7134-8890-5
Polgar, Susan; Truong, Paul (2005), Breaking
Through : How the Polgar Sisters Changed the Game
of Chess, Everyman Chess, ISBN 1-85744-381-0
Shahade, Jennifer (2005), Chess Bitch: Women In
The Ultimate Intellectual Sport, Siles Press, ISBN 1890085-09-X
Polgr, Judit; Kepes, Andrs (2008). Matt a fraknak (Checkmate to Men) English translation due
2009.
Polgar, Judit (2010), Chess Playground, Caissa Hungary, ISBN 978-963-06-9620-3
10
External links
Ocial website
Judit Polgr at DMOZ
Judit Polgr player
Chessgames.com
prole
and
games
at
Review of Judit Polgr The Princess of Chess".

EasyChess.info.
Lawson, Dominic (13 September 2011), Even a genius can't have it all if shes a woman, The Independent, London
2012 Interview of Judit Polgr
Judit Polgars perfect weekend
Interview for BBC Radio 4 Womans Hour
Judit Polgr player prole at Chess.com
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Judit Polgr

She has won or shared rst in the chess tournaments of

Polgr has rarely played in womens-specic tournaments

was the worlds top-rated female chess player.[21][22][23]

it also had players of expert strength, who were foreign

J. PolgrV. Metodiev, Albena, 1986

Judit with sister Soa at Thessaloniki 1988.

Judit was asked about playing against boys instead of the

the match, saying to a friend on whether the match would

In September 1995, Polgr nished third with a score of

In 1993, Polgr became the rst woman to ever qualify

Lewis chessmen. In 1995, Nigel Short and Polgr were to play a

Strongest female player ever

seum allowed the chess set to be displayed at the Isle of

Kasparov touch-move controversy

2.3 Strongest female player ever

Polgr is the strongest female chess player of all time.[1]

In 1998 Polgr defeated Anatoly Karpov in a match of action

gr played an eight-game match of action chess, which

In April and May 2000, Polgr won one of the strongest

In September 2002, in the Russia versus the Rest of the

In January 2008 she competed in the strong Corus Wijk

In November 2009, Polgr participated in the FIDE

Polgr at the Mainz Chess Classic 2008

Judit PolgrRomain Edouard

On 5 October 2013,[210] Polgr played Nigel Short in the

Anatoly Karpov +3-8=16

Polgr at the 2008 Mainz Chess Classic

You have to be very selsh sometimes, said Polgr in

[1] Sources citing Polgr as by far the strongest female chess

Women Grandmasters in Chess. MichaelBluejay.

[9] ORDER OF SAINT STEPHEN: PRESIDENT DER

[45] 3 sisters moving up in male world of chess. The Toronto

[53] Lawson, Dominic (Spectator) (1988-11-15). Mastering

[72] Budapest zt-A Budapest 1993. 365Chess.com. Retrieved 2010-05-13.

[54] Lidz, Franz (1990-02-12). Kid With A Killer Game.

[73] Budapest zt playo Budapest 1993. 365Chess.com.

[74] Mark Weeks. 1993 Biel FIDE Interzonal Tournament.

[56] Day, Lawrence (January 13, 1990). Gelfand takes rst

[75] Mark Weeks. 1993 Groningen PCA Qualifying Tournament.

[105] Linares 14th 1997. 365chess.com. Retrieved 2010-0510.

[108] India Abroad. highbeam.com. 1997-04-25. Retrieved

[148] Byrne, Robert (2003-05-11). CHESS; Polgar Starts

[188] Pictorial report from Zalakaros. Chessbase.com. 201006-23. Retrieved 2010-06-24.

[225] CHESS Magazine: Judit Polgar on life as a Super-GM

[232] Order Of Saint Stephen: President der Hands Over

[213] Anand describes Polgars playing style. Archived from

[220] Polgar interview speaking of psychology in chess. Retrieved 2009-07-27.

Forbes, Cathy (1992), The Polgar Sisters: Training

[221] Polgar quote in Independent on computers in chess. The

Hurst, Sarah (2002), Curse of Kirsan: Adventures in

Karolyi, Tibor (2004), Judit Polgr, the Princess of

Review of Judit Polgr The Princess of Chess".

Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses

Judit Polgr Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judit_Polg%C3%A1r?oldid=754909693 Contributors: Jeronimo, Fritzlein, Maury

File:Anatoly_Karpov.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/Anatoly_Karpov.jpg License: CC-BY-SA3.0 Contributors: ? Original artist: ?

TEXT AND IMAGE SOURCES, CONTRIBUTORS, AND LICENSES

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