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May 2010
I am pleased to present the Department of Defense (DoD) Joint Chemical and Biological Defense Program’s
(CBDP) 2010 Annual Report to Congress. This report outlines the progress made by the Program over the
last year to protect our nation and its allies from current and emerging threats posed by weapons of mass
destruction (WMD). The report also reviews current programs that provide Warfighters with superior chemical
and biological (CB) defense training, equipment, education, and preparedness to ultimately achieve the CBDP’s
vision of ensuring that DoD operations can be executed successfully without constraint from chemical, biological,
radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) effects. This year’s report follows a streamlined format developed to deliver
efficient messages and updates on the CBDP. Information regarding specific quantities, characteristics, and
capabilities of fielded CB defense equipment are available in the 2009 CBDP Research, Development, and
Acquisition Plan.
The CBDP partners with Congress, other federal agencies, academia, international partners, and the private sector to fulfill its mission to
provide CBRN defense capabilities in support of the National Military Strategies. This mission is supported by our immediate objective
of providing integrated, coordinated, and sustainable solutions to the Warfighter and our continuing goal of advancing our defense
capabilities to enhance preparedness and resources for both current and emerging WMD threats. We have structured our mission to be
progressive, innovative, and responsive to the Warfighter and national security needs while sharpening program leadership, authority, and
accountability.
As the CBDP continues to develop and field additional defensive capabilities in anticipation of both current and emerging WMD threats, we
depend on continued congressional support to sustain progress and successfully serve our nation, our allies, and our Warfighters both at
home and abroad.
With support of the President, the Secretary of Defense, and Congress, the DoD will continue to develop and advance an integrated CBDP
that remains effective and continues to support our nation and our Warfighters through military preparedness, operational success, and
defense of our homeland.
Andrew Weber
Assistant to the Secretary of Defense for Nuclear and Chemical and Biological Defense Programs
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Summary.......................................................................................................................................................................... 77
Path Forward......................................................................................................................................................................78
Acronyms.......................................................................................................................................................................... 79
Department of Defense Chemical Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress 2010
Introduction
In 2009, the Of fice of the Assistant to the Secretar y of Defense for Nuclear
and Chemical and Biological Defense Programs/Chemical and Biological
Defense (OATSD(NCB/CB)) designated two significant focus areas to
address emerging threats to Homeland Defense and Overseas Contingency
Operations: Non-Traditional Agents (NTA) and the Transformational Medical
Technologies Initiative (TMTI).
The Chemical and Biological Defense Program (CBDP) provides support and
world-class capabilities enabling the U.S. Armed Forces to fight and win decisively
Statement Regarding CB Defense
in chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) environments. Since Programs Involving Human Subjects
Congress established the CBDP in 1994, the Program has been the essential
component of the Department of Defense’s (DoD) efforts to integrate chemical Although the DoD conducted tests
and biological (CB) defense activities. The CBDP supports a comprehensive involving the exposure of human
strategic framework to improve CB defense preparedness, reduce risk to the
Warfighter, and field the appropriate mix of capabilities for sustained military subjects to CB agents in the past,
operations with minimum degradation of combat effectiveness attributed to all such tests and programs have
current CBRN hazards and emerging threats.
been halted and disbanded. Human
Research, development, and acquisition (RDA) of CB defense equipment and
capabilities is executed by the DoD as a Joint Service program in accordance with
biological agent testing ended on
Title 50 United States Code (U.S.C.) 1522. The CBDP also addresses radiological November 25, 1969, and human
and nuclear defense requirements; however, these activities are limited to
specific types of radiation detection equipment, modeling and simulation (M&S)
chemical agent testing ended on July
capabilities, and medical countermeasures (MCM) to treat the physiological 25, 1975. No humans have been
effects of radiological and nuclear source material exposure. The 2010 CBDP
Annual Report to Congress (ARC) provides an Enterprise-wide overview of the used as test subjects of any CB agent
CBDP and is provided in accordance with Title 50 U.S.C. 1523. This report tests since that time.
describes the progress made by the DoD to protect the Warfighter, the United
States, and its allies from the recognized threat or actual use of weapons of
mass destruction (WMD), and outlines achievements, initiatives, and innovations
undertaken to identify and balance investment priorities against WMD-associated
risks over time.
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INTRODUCTION
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Department of Defense Chemical Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress 2010
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INTRODUCTION
Conduct oversight and continuous process improvement of the means, ways, and ends
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Department of Defense Chemical Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress 2010
The CBDP recognizes that integration is the key to TRAINING AND SUSTAINMENT
achieving the best efficiencies and effectiveness. Services
The CBDP Enterprise is organized to focus on policy
and governance, planning and programming, military FUNDS MANAGEMENT
capability development, science and technology DTRA
(S&T), advanced development and acquisition, test
and evaluation (T&E), and doctrine. Organizational
relationships are established to ensure single
decision authorities, effective coordination,
integration of program efforts, and appropriate
checks and balances. Roles and responsibilities
of the primary offices supporting the CBDP are
described in the table on the following page and are
represented in the “CBDP Enterprise Organizational
Roles and Responsibilities” figure.
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INTRODUCTION
Oversight
• USD(AT&L): Serves as the Principal Staff Assistant and advisor to the Secretary of Defense for all RDA matters relating to CBRN defense; exercises
authority, direction, and control over the ATSD(NCB); and oversees DoD RDA programs to ensure that they support CWMD policy efforts. The USD(AT&L) is
the milestone decision authority (MDA) for the overall CBDP and key selected CB defense systems.
• Assistant to the Secretary of Defense for Nuclear and Chemical and Biological Defense Programs (ATSD(NCB)): Coordinates and integrates the CBDP as
a single responsible office within the OSD and executes program oversight activities, related acquisition policy guidance, and interagency and international
coordination. The ATSD(NCB) also provides oversight of funds allocation for CBDP defense-wide accounts.
• OATSD(NCB/CB): Responsible for overall coordination and integration of all CBDP activities and provides day-to-day oversight of the program.
Program Integration
• Army as the Executive Agent: Serves as the MDA for CBRN defense programs as delegated by the USD(AT&L). Coordinates and integrates the Services’
research, development, test, and evaluation (RDT&E) and acquisition requirements for DoD CBRN defense programs. Also reviews all CBDP funding
requirements.
• CBRN Defense Program Analysis and Integration Office (PAIO): Provides independent analysis and integration functions for the CBDP. Supports the
Joint Requirements Office for Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Defense (JRO-CBRND)-led development of the CBDP Program Objective
Memorandum (POM) and leads the development of budget submissions and change proposals. Also develops and maintains the CBDP RDA Plan.
Capability Development
• Joint Requirements Office for Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Defense (JRO-CBRND): Coordinates and integrates requirements and
capability needs for all DoD CBRN defense programs, ensuring that Service and Combatant Command/Combatant Commander capability needs are promptly
developed and approved. Also leads development of the CBDP POM Strategy, and supports the development of multi-Service and Joint CBRN defense
doctrine; tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTP); and training.
• Joint Combat Developer for Experimentation for Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Defense (JCD-CBRND): Under the direction of the
JRO-CBRND, coordinates and oversees Joint and multi-Service experiments used to validate the Joint integrating concept for CWMD by systematically
exploring new and innovative combinations of medical and physical doctrine, organization, training, materiel, leadership and education, personnel, and
facilities (DOTMLPF) capabilities. Located at the U.S. Army Maneuver Support Center (USAMANSCEN) in Fort Leonard Wood, MO, the JCD-CBRND leverages
personnel, equipment, and facilities available through each Service and other government organizations to reduce costs, shorten timelines, and improve
experimental designs.
• The Services validate operational concepts and develop Service-sponsored CBRN defense capabilities documentation consistent with the Joint Capabilities
Integration and Development System (JCIDS) process and the Joint CBRN Defense Modernization Plan. In addition, they support the development of Service
annexes to Joint CBRN defense capability documents, as appropriate. The Services also identify and provide CBRN defense capability needs and priorities to
the JRO-CBRND.
Science & Technology
• Joint Science and Technology Office for Chemical and Biological Defense (JSTO-CBD)/Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA): Manages CBDP S&T
efforts in coordination with the Service laboratories, industry, academia, other government agencies (OGA), and laboratories. The JSTO-CBD develops and
maintains CBDP medical and physical sciences S&T plans and develops, coordinates, and transitions CBDP S&T medical and physical sciences technologies
and associated CBDP T&E technology needs in response to validated and approved Joint military capability needs. The JSTO-CBD also manages the CBDP
advanced concept technology demonstration (ACTD), advanced technology demonstration (ATD), and Joint capability technology demonstration (JCTD)
processes and individual ACTDs/JCTDs as assigned by the USD(AT&L).
Test & Evaluation
• T&E Executive: Establishes test standards, processes, and procedures and oversees CBDP T&E infrastructure to ensure that adequate T&E is conducted for
CBDP systems.
Acquisition
• Joint Program Executive Office for Chemical and Biological Defense (JPEO-CBD): Serves as the MDA for CB defense programs as delegated by the DoD
Executive Agent for the CBDP. Provides centralized program management and Joint Service acquisition program integration for all assigned medical and
physical programs. The JPEO-CBD has eight Joint Project Managers (JPM) that execute acquisition programs: JPM for Biological Defense (JPM-BD), JPM
for Chemical and Biological Medical Systems (JPM-CBMS), JPM for Collective Protection (JPM-ColPro), JPM for Decontamination (JPM-Decon), JPM for
Installation Force Protection (JPM-Guardian), JPM for Individual Protection (JPM-IP), JPM for Information Systems (JPM-IS), and JPM Nuclear, Biological,
and Chemical Contamination Avoidance (JPM-NBC CA). These JPMs direct RDA, procurement, fielding, and life cycle support of CB defense equipment and
MCMs.
Training and Sustainment
• The Military Departments organize, train, equip and prepare their respective forces to combat WMD and provide a means of delivery of related materials.
They provide CBRN defense training, readiness, and sustainment for their respective departments. They also budget for operations and sustainment (O&S)
of CBRN defense equipment.
Funds Management
• DTRA: Serves as the certifying official, providing funds management functions for the CBDP under the direction and oversight of the Deputy Assistant to the
Secretary of Defense for Chemical and Biological Defense and Chemical Demilitarization (DATSD(CBD/CD)).
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Department of Defense Chemical Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress 2010
Funding
In order to support the ability of the CBDP to respond
dynamically to shifting threats, adequate funding and CBDP President’s Budget Request FY 2009 - FY 2015
resources must be provided to address operational
capability gaps — such as procurement and fielding, $2,000,000
advanced S&T, RDT&E, and the new Force-sizing
construct — and achieve modernization objectives.
The CBDP budget is set forth as a separate DoD $1,500,000
account, with a single program element for each
category of RDT&E, acquisition, and military
construction. Funding is apportioned between $1,000,000
levels of research, development, and procurement to
balance technology transitions, development and test
schedules, production capabilities, and Warfighter
$500,000
priorities.
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INTRODUCTION
Management Assessment
In 2009, the CBDP began to implement fully the guidance set out in two key The DoD CBRN Defense DTL&E Implementation
documents from 2008. DoDD 5160.05E Roles and Responsibilities Associated Plan with Oversight Matrix was signed on May 8,
with the Chemical and Biological Defense (CBD) Program (CBDP), October 9, 2009. The implementation plan provides a goal-
2008, serves as the foundation for oversight in the CBDP. This important guiding centric oversight matrix with priorities that produce
directive, an update to the original 1985 version, addresses CBDP policy, roles, measurable results. It identifies key near-, mid-, and
and responsibilities for RDA activities. To fully implement the policies and far-term changes; initiatives and projects; milestones;
responsibilities established in DoDD 5160.05E, the CBDP has developed a DoD short-, mid-, and far-term accountable actions; and
Instruction (DoDI), currently in final staffing, that will codify procedures for the metrics that support the DoD CBRN Defense DTL&E
oversight, management, reporting, and development of CBDP strategy; planning, Strategic Plan. The plan focuses on the Warfighter’s
programming, budget, and execution (PPBE); capability development, and RDA. identified capability gaps while understanding the
The CBDP Strategic Plan, published on September 30, 2008, is intended to CBRN defense implications and, where possible,
influence ongoing near- and mid-term actions and provides the direction for the incorporates other governmental and departmental
next 10 to 15 years. This strategy portrays the first comprehensive, integrated education and training initiatives to meet national
roadmap for the CBDP Enterprise by outlining the overarching direction for the and military strategies. It also requires stakeholders
organization. Components of the CBDP Enterprise have begun to build supporting to identify opportunities to participate in interagency
strategic plans based on the goals and objectives established in this overarching activities for homeland defense and increase
strategic framework document. opportunities for combined education, exercises,
training, and experimentation in support of homeland
The CBDP is currently pursuing an Investment Assessment Process (IAP) that will security initiatives.
put actionable metrics in place to help the ATSD(NCB/CB) achieve Enterprise-wide
transparency and to better inform decision making. IAP reflects ongoing DoD and DoDI 3150.09, The Chemical, Biological, Radiological,
administration acquisition objectives that will set high-priority goals supported and Nuclear (CBRN) Survivability Policy, was updated
by meaningful measures and quantitative targets, emphasize reporting and on August 17, 2009. This instruction directs the
explaining trends, streamline reporting requirements to reduce administrative ATSD(NCB/CB) to oversee and coordinate the
burden, and publish and communicate results. Assessments will be integrated, execution of DoD CBRN Survivability Policy. This
coordinated, and representative of all CBDP Component responsibilities. Efforts latest revision transferred the responsibility to act
are currently ongoing to determine the required metrics with implementation as OSD principal staff assistant for overseeing
anticipated in FY 2010. implementation of DoD CBRN Survivability Policy
for command, control, communications, and
The ATSD(NCB/CB) is currently employing a Preparedness Assessment computer systems from the Under Secretary of
methodology to assess the preparedness of DoD CBRN defense, thus satisfying Defense for Intelligence to the Assistant Secretary
the intent of Congress as mandated by Title 50, U.S.C. sections 1522 and 1523, of Defense Networks and Information Integration/
January 8, 2008. The Preparedness Assessment methodology, prepared by DoD Chief Information Officer. This instruction
the PAIO in accordance with the FY 2008 to 2013 Program Strategy Guidance, creates a reporting system where the Services and
outlines the processes to assess the overall Joint CBRN defense preparedness the Missile Defense Agency submit CBRN Mission
posture. This methodology is repeatable, verifiable, and quantifiable by leveraging Critical Reports on December 31st of each year to
the processes used by the Services and the CBDP to assess preparedness. This the CJCS and the ATSD(NCB/CB) via the Select and
process presents an integrated CBDP preparedness picture by using existing Native Programming (SNaP) Data Input System. The
data sources (including the Defense Readiness Reporting System (DRRS), Joint SNaP, operated by the Office of the Director, Cost
Acquisition Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Knowledge System Assessment and Program Evaluation, collects these
(JACKS) Reporting Warehouse (JACKS-RW), and JCIDS). This process displays Mission Critical Reports via the Secure Internet
inputs and metrics of the collected data that will lead to a reliable assessment Protocol Router Network. Two groups review these
tool for CBRN leadership. reports’ proposed corrective actions and verify that
they meet DoDI 3150.09 requirements. One group
The DoD CBRN Defense Doctrine, Training, Leadership, and Education (DTL&E) is led by the Deputy Assistant to the Secretary
Strategic Plan, signed on December 5, 2008, was developed through continuous of Defense for Nuclear Matters to review nuclear
facilitation, coordination, and synchronization of existing oversight processes survivability issues, and one is led by the DATSD(CBD/
including assessing feedback, analyzing improvement processes to monitor CD) to review CBR-related issues. These two
results, and identifying areas requiring additional emphasis. groups identify cross-cutting issues for the CBRN
Survivability Oversight Group, charged with reviewing
and monitoring the execution of the DoD CBRN
Survivability Policy.
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Department of Defense Chemical Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress 2010
Management • S&T is assessed as green. This rating is based on the 2009 CB Defense S&T
Initiative Ratings Rationale Review of cost, schedule, and performance of Program portfolios. More than
60 programs, covering the entire spectrum of CB Defense S&T Research,
DoD Issuances DoDD 5160.05E Complete
have been approved for continued funding in FY 2010.
DoDI 3150.09 Complete
• Acquisition and Logistics is assessed as green. This assessment is based on
DoDI 5160.xx In progress, the JPEO-CBD’s review of cost, schedule, and performance of the acquisition
scheduled for programs currently under the oversight of the Defense Acquisition Executive.
completion Overall success of the acquisition programs is measured in terms of fielding
third quarter of FY additional or new capabilities to the Warfighter.
2010.
• T&E is assessed as green/yellow. Improvements were made in FY 2009
Strategy & CBDP Strategic Plan Complete with key CB defense T&E capabilities coming online. The T&E Executive has
Guidance Procedures for CBR Complete developed a fully integrated and coordinated T&E plan that is consistent with
MOU for Equipment the Test Resource Management Center (TRMC) Strategic Plan. This effort
and Materiel Transfer aids the CBDP in keeping its T&E infrastructure up to date and aligned with
CBR MOU Strategy Complete national priorities to support testing needs.
and Roadmap
DTL&E Strategic Complete. When averaged together, the above assessments produce an overall rating for the
Plan Implementation CBDP program of green/yellow, as shown in the graphic.
effort ongoing.
Preparedness Complete.
Assessment Implementation
Methodology effort ongoing.
Methodologies IAP Process Effort ongoing.
Implementation
scheduled for
second quarter FY
2010.
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INTRODUCTION
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Department of Defense Chemical Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress 2010
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CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL DEFENSE PROGRAM CAPABILITY DEVELOPMENT PROCESS
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Department of Defense Chemical Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress 2010
INITIATIVES
The finalized March 1, 2009 iteration of CJCSI 3170.01G identifies
numerous changes to the capability development process based on lessons
learned and JROC direction and approval:
• Establishes the Joint Capabilities Board (JCB) Interest Joint Potential
Designator (JPD). The JPD is essential to the JCIDS document review,
validation, and approval process. The staffing process prepares the
document for review by the lead Functional Capabilities Board and
validation and approval by the appropriate authority. The JPD determines
whether proposals affect the Joint Force, as designated by Joint Staff J-8.
There are five JPDs: JROC, JCB, Joint Integration, Joint Information, and
Independent.
• Provides updated guidance on the execution of CBAs to achieve a more
streamlined process focused on meeting the JROC’s direction to rapidly
validate capability gaps.
• Deletes the Joint Capabilities Document as an option resulting from a
CBA. The function of the document has been incorporated into the ICD.
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CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL DEFENSE PROGRAM CAPABILITY DEVELOPMENT PROCESS
Capability Refinement
In FY 2008, the JRO-CBRND initiated the CWMD
Passive Defense CBA to identify, document, and
update, as required, the passive defense capability
ACCOMPLISHMENTS
needs identified in the 2005 CBRN Defense CBA. The • In FY 2009, the JRO-CBRND finalized the ICD for CBRN consequence
objectives of the update were to: management that began in January 2008. The CBRN Consequence
Management ICD includes actions taken to reduce the effects of a CBRN
• Identify the DoD’s near- (2009 - 2014) and
event involving standard warfare agents, TICs, TIMs, and NTAs and assists
far- (2015 - 2027) term CBRN passive defense
capabilities, gaps, and shortfalls in the response in order to save lives and restore essential operations
and services at home and abroad. The document developed 21 materiel
• Recommend DOTMLPF approaches to mitigate and non-materiel solution sets for the tasks, gaps, and recommendations
those gaps and shortfalls.
assessed within the WMD Consequence Management CBA to guide
In this dynamic environment, it is essential to refine consequence management capabilities development.
capabilities, current needs, and potential solutions • In FY 2009, the JRO-CBRND finalized ICDs for CBRN MCMs to establish
to address current and future threats and sustain a baseline to support the incremental development of prophylaxes/
the national competitive advantage. Several therapeutics/diagnostics for CBRN threats. This included the
developments since 2005 provided additional value
development of an ICD for field analytics, a core capability introduced
to the CBA through the FY 2008 update. Firstly,
recent studies and analyses by the JRO-CBRND last year. A Joint Health Risk Management ICD is being developed by the
(e.g., the CWA Operational Challenge-Level Study) Military Health System to support and complement the field analytics
provided results that impact metrics used to assess ICD.
CBDP capabilities. Secondly, additional CBDP-related
capabilities were identified in other completed
and ongoing CBAs, including WMD consequence
management. Thirdly, the U.S. Strategic Command INITIATIVES
(USSTRATCOM) described updated operational • The JRO-CBRND is finalizing the CWMD Passive Defense CBA to codify
environments and capabilities in their CWMD the passive defense specific capability needs, status, and potential
Joint Integrating Concept. Fourthly, an additional
solutions to sustain the national competitive advantage.
conceptual basis for passive defense was provided
in the Military Support to Stabilization, Security, • The Air Force and the USSTRATCOM Center for Combating WMD (SCC-
Transformation, and Reconstruction Operations Joint WMD) are finalizing the ICD for National Technical Nuclear Forensics
Operating Concept. Finally, the interim Guidance (NTNF) in accordance with the JCIDS process to guide future NTNF
for the Development of the Force provided priorities capabilities development.
for the 2006 QDR 20-year planning period. The
updated CBA reflects these revisions in requirements, • The U.S. Army Materiel Command’s Research, Development, and
scenarios, and priorities while accomplishing the Engineering Command, in coordination with JRO-CBRND/JPM-Decon, will
objectives previously defined in this section. be revising the Human Remains Decontamination System (HRDS) Family
of Systems (FoS) Capability Development Documents based on the
In December 2008 the JRO-CBRND completed outcome of the AoA. The AoA is in progress.
the CBA for WMD Consequence Management that
began in August 2006. The WMD Consequence
Management CBA includes actions taken to reduce
the effects of a WMD attack involving TICs and TIMs
and assists in the restoration of essential operations
and services at home and abroad. The assessment
evaluated the capability proficiency of more than 55
tasks and is combined with a quantity assessment,
such as the FPC, to guide consequence management
capabilities development.
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Department of Defense Chemical Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress 2010
Assessment
An evaluation of FY 2009 JRO-CBRND JCIDS documents shows that 49 of the 51
(96 percent) documents in place have no issues or an issue that can be resolved
within the established process. Ratings were assigned to each JCIDS document
based on the following:
• Green: No cross-cutting issues
• Yellow: Cross-cutting issues with identified resolution within established
processes
• Red: Critical issues that require GO/FO resolution.
Of the programs of record (POR), only one, the Joint Biological Stand-off Detection
System (JBSDS), has a JCIDS document with a critical issue that requires GO/
FO resolution efforts. The currently planned system cannot meet one key
performance parameter (KPP).
The overall health of the JRO-CBRND JCIDS documents are assessed within three
operational categories: approved JCIDS documents, pending JCIDS documents,
and JCIDS documents in development. As of FY 2009, 34 of the 51 PORs’ JCIDS
documents in place were approved, five were pending approval, and 12 were in
development.
Summary
The CBDP, through coordination and integration with the Services and Combatant
Commands, develops dynamic Joint capabilities that reduce risk to the Warfighter
and prepare the Joint Forces to meet current and future threats. The JRO-CBRND
ensures that these processes adhere to DoD 5000 Series, DoDI 3150.09, and
CJCSI 3170.01G guidance, and it serves as the CJCS’s single source of expertise
to address all issues involving CBRN defense. These capabilities are also
continually examined and refined to ensure that the most current CBRN defense
capabilities, gaps, and shortfalls are being addressed. Teamwork is critical to
generate, coordinate, and integrate these capabilities and maintain the national
competitive advantage in CWMD.
JCIDS Documents
JCIDS Documents: Five pending, 12 in development, and 34 approved.
Document Status Pending Documents Documents in development Approved Documents
12 (23%) 1 (20%) 1 (8%) 1 (3%)
2 (40%) 33 (97%)
5 (10%) 11 (92%)
2 (40%)
34 (67%)
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CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL DEFENSE PROGRAM CAPABILITY DEVELOPMENT PROCESS
The CBDP S&T Program addresses current, emerging, and future threats and
develops technology solutions to protect the Warfighter, ensuring that the United
States is able to maintain a competitive advantage in CBR defense. The JSTO-
CBD is responsible for the management of CBR defense S&T, with recognized
expertise in the development of future technology solutions to safeguard the DoD
Warfighter from WMD by providing capabilities to reduce, counter, and mitigate
the effects of these threats.
The JSTO-CBD, as the focal point for S&T expertise, manages and integrates the
discovery, development, demonstration, and transition of timely and effective CBR
defense solutions for the DoD. The JSTO-CBD performs technical, managerial,
programmatic, and staff functions required to plan and integrate a comprehensive
and innovative S&T program. The JSTO-CBD’s projects and efforts address
requirements spanning from near- to long-term. Project Managers balance
technology and requirements to advance the gains of basic research, support
existing acquisition programs, bridge the capability gaps identified by the Military
Departments/Services and Combatant Commands, and explore the passive
defense and consequence management ramifications of new and emerging
threats.
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SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
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Department of Defense Chemical Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress 2010
TAS is changing the way that agents are studied by broadening the investigative
scope of each effort to maximize the value of each research effort. TAS-
sponsored investigations aim to dissect and define the fundamental mechanisms
underlying physiological and environmental interactions. Results from such
investigations provide a more generalized understanding of agent interactions
and are more broadly applicable to real-world conditions than previously collected
phenomenological data. This approach significantly enhances the ability to
develop CB countermeasures and aids CB-related decision making among field
commanders and medical personnel. In addition, understanding fundamental
interactions enhances predictive modeling from integrated computational
chemistry and biology, thus accelerating the ability to respond to the emergence
and/or use of new agents.
Growing concerns regarding NTAs underscore the need to fill critical gaps
in physical, chemical, and environmental properties as well as toxicological
information pertaining to this class of agents. TAS reshaped a significant portion
of its program to focus on NTAs in order to close critical NTA knowledge gaps.
This research enables accelerated development and testing of countermeasures
against NTAs and identifies toxicological hazards posed to the Warfighter.
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SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
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Department of Defense Chemical Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress 2010
ACCOMPLISHMENTS
• Developed a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) vaccine against Alphaviruses
(Western Equine Encephalitis, VEE, and EEE) delivered by electroporation,
which showed efficacy in non-human primates (NHP).
• Demonstrated that VEE Replicon-based vaccines against Alphaviruses
elicit a durative response in mice (tested out to six months) and protect
mice and NHPs from aerosol challenges.
• Manufactured a production lot of RVec, a protein subunit vaccine for
Ricin toxin, using good manufacturing practice for use in an upcoming
Phase I clinical trial.
• Demonstrated that vaccines against Ebola and Marburg virus
strains expressed in a Vesicular stomatitis virus platform are safe in
immunocompromised NHPs and protect NHPs from lethal virus aerosol
challenges. In addition, a blended multi-component vaccine can protect
NHPs against multiple strains with a single dose. These results were
published in three peer-reviewed scientific journals.
• Transitioned the Modular Immune in vitro Constructs (MIMIC) technology Ebola virus.
from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency’s (DARPA) Rapid
Vaccine Assessment (RVA) Program and began using the technology
to evaluate human immune responses to DoD vaccine candidates (i.e.,
vaccine candidates against Filoviruses and Alphaviruses). The Medical S&T program’s efforts are designed
to ensure that countermeasure candidates meet
• Leveraged Department of Homeland Security (DHS) investment in the requirements for transition out of the technology
development of an optical mapping bacterial genomic identification development phase and are consistent with technical
platform technology. information required for an Investigational New Drug
(IND) application with the FDA. Maturing technologies
• The Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs
are integrated into the product development team
(OASD(HA)) launched a CB Warfare Exposures website, http://fhp.osd. process to plan for appropriate systems acquisition.
mil/CBexposures, which was designed to provide Service members, Medical S&T manages efforts under the medical-
veterans, their families, and the public with information on historical CB chemical, medical-biological, and medical-radiological
testing that potentially affected the health of those who served. defense portfolios.
• Established new methods for in vivo expression of bioscavenger
Medical pretreatments and therapeutic strategies
candidates. reduce performance decrements, injuries, and deaths
• Developed high-throughput assays to assess candidate catalytic of military personnel in the field, enabling Warfighters
bioscavengers. to better accomplish their missions and reducing the
need for medical resources and the probability of
• Investigated multiple therapeutic approaches for organophosphonate long-term health effects.
(OP) exposure including: catalytic bioscavenger, improved cholinesterase
reactivator, neuroprotectant, atropine replacement, and anti-seizurants.
• Further studies completed on the central nervous system mechanism(s)
of action, potential therapeutic approaches, animal models, and various
modeling approaches for NTAs.
• Established doses of linolenic acid and GluR5 antagonists for protection
from acute and delayed brain injury caused by OPs.
• Received results showing promising centrally active candidate oximes
against traditional agents and NTAs.
• Evaluated the inhalation of GD and other nerve agents by completing
descriptive pathophysiologic dose and time studies.
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SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
ACCOMPLISHMENTS
• Developed a chemical diagnostics assay for simultaneous identification
and quantification of several nerve agent metabolites in biological fluids
utilizing solid phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography-
mass spectrometry.
• Continued investigating the S&T issues related to truncated flagellin
(CBLB502), which is in advanced development as a promising
therapeutic candidate for the treatment of ionizing radiation exposure.
• Demonstrated that genistein (pretreatment) plus catopril (treatment)
enhance protection of blood cells and bone marrow against radiological
injury.
• Leveraged DHS S&T investment for biological diagnostics in development
of an optical mapping tool. In its current configuration, this tool can
be employed in a priori (independent of experience) identification of
bacterial pathogens. The Medical S&T Division and DHS agreed that
two prototype platforms will be made available to JSTO-CBD-supported
laboratories beginning in FY 2009. In conjunction with DHS and OGAs,
a strategy for application-specific evaluation of platform maturation
potential was initiated.
• Augmented OGA investment for diagnostics in development of a DNA
sequencing platform that will facilitate DNA sequencing in a field
environment. The instrument will be available for field-testing in FY 2010.
• Transitioned Recombinant Human Monoclonal Antibodies for therapeutic
treatment of exposure to Staphylococcal enterotoxins A and B to
advanced development supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Developing improved treatments for CB agent
Infectious Diseases (NIAID). exposure for use in a field environment.
• Developed inhibitors of Botulinum neurotoxin with the highest level of in
vivo efficacy to date.
• Completed pivotal Variola (smallpox) efficacy study required for licensure Medical Chemical Defense Research
of ST-246 for treatment of smallpox. The Medical Chemical Defense Research Program’s
• Developed high-throughput screening assays and identified novel small overarching goal is to protect the Warfighter from
molecule compounds with efficacy against filoviruses and alphaviruses in harmful effects of both traditional and non-traditional
chemical threats. This is accomplished through
vitro.
medical pretreatments, therapeutics, and diagnostic
• Identified two U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs capabilities. The main areas of research focus on
with efficacy against lethal challenge of Ebola in mice. nerve agent bioscavengers, neurological protectants,
vesicant therapeutics, AChE reactivators, and
• Utilized high content imaging to identify novel pathogen and host- chemical medical diagnostics. Current research
directed targets involved in bacterial and viral pathogenesis. in nerve agent bioscavengers focuses on catalytic
• Identified CD45 as a novel host derived target for anthrax and proteins, where one enzyme molecule can neutralize
many molecules of the nerve agent. Neurological
demonstrated that reduced CD45 expression provides protection against
protectant research focuses on preventing brain
anthrax pathogenesis. tissue damage and treating seizures brought about
• Identified anthrax protein CapD as a potential therapy for multi-drug through nerve agent exposure. Development of
resistant anthrax. vesicant therapeutics will treat the eyes, skin, and
respiratory system after exposure to vesicant agents.
• Developed monoclonal antibodies that confer 100 percent protection Reactivator research examines candidate compounds
against the aerosol challenge of Burkholderia in mice. for an ability to counteract nerve agents. Chemical
medical diagnostic research develops assays and
• Evaluated efficacy of FDA-approved antibiotic moxifloxacin in mice
devices to detect exposure levels from a variety of
against the aerosol challenge of plague. chemical threats.
• Established collaboration with the National Institutes of Health
(NIH) National Chemical Genomics Center to identify small molecule
compounds with efficacy against VEE and Botulinum neurotoxin.
• Filed provisional patent for Urinary Field Sampling Kit for the
determination of nerve agent exposure.
22
Department of Defense Chemical Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress 2010
INNOVATIONS
• Ocular administration of ribonucleic acid interference is being optimized
as a potential therapeutic which may target inflammatory cytokines
involved in GD-induced ocular injury.
• Used adenovirus vectors to induce in vivo expression of bioscavengers,
including butyrlcholinesterase and catalytic bioscavenger candidates.
• Utilized proteomics to determine protein biomarkers of HD ocular
exposure using a rabbit eye model.
INNOVATIONS
• Transitioned MIMIC technology from DARPA to evaluate the effectiveness
of BWA-specific vaccines and therapeutics in human cells. This
innovative technology provides an automated, high-throughput, rapid,
and predictive process that reduces the number of laboratory animals
required for screening and thus provides the opportunity for significant
savings in cost and development time.
• Novel platforms are utilized for the generation of multi-agent/-valent
vaccines against BWAs that afford protection against multiple closely
related agents or unique combinations of disparate biological threat
agents. These technologies may reduce the number of individual
vaccines required for the Warfighter and thus decreases advanced
development costs. Cutting-edge technology for research
• Directed efforts in biological therapeutics leverage cutting-edge and development (R&D) of CB agent
technologies, such as nanotechnology and small molecule applications, countermeasures.
to mitigate post-exposure effects of biological threat agents.
23
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
24
Department of Defense Chemical Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress 2010
25
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
INITIATIVES ACCOMPLISHMENTS
• Detection: • Low Cost/Low Power UV Detection (TacBio) – Prototype
○○Partnered with the National Science Foundation detector that exploits the use of low cost mass produced
to initiate development of Next Generation Semiconductor Ultra Violet Optical Sources (SUVOS)
Algorithms for large heterogeneous data sets. semiconductor technologies and next generation of molded
○○Initiate new effort to develop Next Generation plastic optical components as a means of achieving a
Chemical Standoff technology to meet change lightweight, low cost, low power biological agent aerosol
in the threat environment, specifically detection detection system.
of contamination on surfaces. • Range Test Validation System – Provides the chemical vapor
○○Initiate new effort on Ultra Rapid Next T&E environments with the ability to visualize the chemical
Generation Pathogen Identification, a fully contamination in 3-D space via infrared imaging technology
integrated and automatic system from sample as ground truth under operational use conditions for standoff
to pathogen nucleic acid sequence data. and ground sensor system under test.
• Begin transition of DARPA Micro-Cryogenic Cooler • Next Generation NTA Test Facility – Design data for the NTA
technology to enhance detection sensitivity for facility is complete. Safety data to establish the operational
microelectromechanical systems Fourier transform protocols is on schedule to meet facility on-line date at
infrared sensor systems, specifically detection of beginning of FY12.
contamination on surfaces. • High Performance Trigger Technology (Rapid Agent Aerosol
• The DARPA’s RealNose Program has an ultimate Detector, RAAD) - Next generation trigger system to detect the
goal of developing a breakthrough odorant detection presence of biological aerosol threats at a false alarm rate of
system with potential capabilities beyond that of the one per week (excess of 10X improvement) and an increase
canine olfactory sense. Currently, researchers are of 5X reliability without the loss of sensitivity is possible
working to create a breadboard device capable of through the integration of multi-frequency UV laser induced
sensing and identifying 10 odorants at the canine fluorescence combined with structured trigger beam and spark
limit of detection. induced breakdown spectroscopy technologies.
• The DARPA’s Hyperadsorptive Atmospheric Sampling • Heated Inlet for Lightweight Chemical Detector (LCD) – A
Technology Program will enable routine and specifically designed heated inlet prototype is now available
economical chemical mapping of battlefield and to enhance the LCD performance for low volatility materials
urban environments to identify chemical threats, without impacting performance to standard vapor threats.
sources, and opportunities based on correlations
among natural and anthropogenic chemical
emissions. Exhaustive sampling enables discreet,
high fidelity determination of chemical, biological,
radiological, nuclear, and (high-yield) explosive
(CBRNE) signatures to support strategic and tactical
intelligence as well as force protection. The Program
is conducting system integration to demonstrate
materials, packaging, and extraction technologies
that sample atmospheric impurities whose
concentration ranges from 10 parts per trillion (ppt)
to 100 parts per million (ppm) by volume from 100
liter-atmospheres of gas in less than five minutes.
• The DARPA’s Mission Adaptable Chemical Sensors
(MACS) Program goal is to provide the military with
a compact, portable chemical sensor that analyzes
an atmospheric sample and quickly identifies
constituent gases. In a test administered by the U.S.
Army’s Aviation and Missile Research, Development,
and Engineering Center in Huntsville, AL, the MACS
prototype correctly identified greater than 30
unknown chemical constituents with no false alarms
and a sensitivity of less than one part per billion
(ppb).
26
Department of Defense Chemical Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress 2010
The Small Item Decon Testing Chamber (shown below) is part of a portfolio of test chamber designs, prototypes, and procedures
transitioned to the PD-TESS in support of sensitive equipment decontamination studies for the JMDS acquisition program.
27
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
28
Department of Defense Chemical Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress 2010
ACCOMPLISHMENTS INITIATIVES
• Transitioned sensor data fusion, sensor placement tool, and outdoor • Collaborated with the North Atlantic
source term estimation technologies to the JEM and JPM-Guardian Treaty Organization (NATO) on Allied
Programs. Medical Publication 8 (AMedP-8(C)). The
• Developed advanced source term modeling capabilities. Transitioned methodologies in AMedP-8(C) are used as a
expanded geographic database system, extended mass consistency wind basis for calculating casualty estimation in
model, variable resolution climatological and atmospheric database, and acquisition programs.
improved TIC/TIM prototype to the JEM Program. • Created a Configuration Management
• Delivered the following to the JPM-IS: Prototype to provide modeling, simulation,
software development, software integration,
○○Legacy Consequence Management System Software and integration analysis support to the JSTO-
○○Tactical Aircraft Modeling System CBD concerning establishment of a S&T
framework and supplemental configuration
○○Radiological operational effects and chemical improvised explosive
management to the JPM-IS consequence
device threats on mobile forces reports.
management plan, as well as development,
• Transitioned initial Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical (NBC) Casualty validation, and verification of CBRN models
Response Estimation Support Tool human effects models to the JPM-IS. and the integration of these models into the
• Transitioned tactical aircraft capability for the Air Force’s Simulation, relevant acquisition program software.
Training, and Analysis for Fixed Sites, Output Analysis Tool, and initial
CHEMRAT to the JPM-IS.
• In collaboration with the U.S. Transportation Command (USTRANSCOM),
integrated CB effects on the tactical level Aerial Port of Debarkation INNOVATION
model into USTRANSCOM’s global theater level model. Exploring the concept of an innovative
• Released beta version of the Contact Hazard, Residual Hazard, Efficacy, centralized, intelligent, and autonomous
Agent, T&E, Integrated, Variable Environment Decontamination Model information processing center. This capability
to the JPM-Decon and Deputy Under Secretary of the Army Test and could support and enhance cognitive functions
Evaluation Office (DUSA-TEO). such as learning, memory, perception,
prediction, and decision making; and seamless
• Developed a MediaWiki format semantically linked subject matter expert integration with the protective system providing
(SME) wiki-database of members of the CB professional community; understanding to mimic the molecular function,
submitted for hosting on the DTRA intranet portal. structure, process, and architectures with these
• Developed prototype of the CBRN Data Backbone. synthetic materials.
29
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
ACCOMPLISHMENTS
• CBRN Unmanned Ground Reconnaissance ACTD:
○○Developed an advanced sensor capability for near-real-time (NRT) chemical detection and identification for manned
platforms at maneuver speed and demonstrated the military utility of unmanned platforms for CBRN reconnaissance.
○○Transitioned CBRN Unmanned Ground Vehicle (CUGV) and Joint Contaminated Surface Detector (JCSD) technology to the
JPM-NBC CA.
○○Transitioned CUGV technology to the Product Manager Consequence Management, Navy Explosive Ordnance Disposal
Technology Division, Future Combat System Small Unmanned Ground Vehicle, and to industry (iRobot Corp).
○○Identified new agent/simulant correlation and test methodology and procedures for optical detection of chemical
contamination employing Raman Technology using the JCSD.
• Interagency Biological Restoration Demonstration (IBRD): The IBRD Program developed a path forward for testing the sporicidal
efficacy of six disinfectants, down-selected through a peer review panel, via the newly developed Three Step Method (ASTM-
2414-05). The goal was to provide first responders a suite of Bacillus anthracis decontaminants that would be granted a crisis
exemption for wide-area, outdoor use on DoD installations and critical infrastructure in the event of an Anthrax release.
• The OSD selected the Joint Medical Distance Support and Evacuation (JMDSE) JCTD as their number four priority in FY 2009 to
address the global quick reaction medical response challenge to a biological WMD event. Of particular interest to the JSTO-
CBD was the evaluation of the military utility of coupling biological detection and sampling systems with rapid/remote medical
response; developing concepts of employment and operation for the use of tactical biological detection systems; and assessing
the DoD’s capability to respond to biological attack affecting forward operating bases, detached units, and local affected
populations. JMDSE assessed and formalized the CONOPS for this JCTD and their demonstration/deployment in a relevant
environment.
Development of CBRN
unmanned ground
reconnaissance
vehicle to provide
increased CBRN
detection capabilities
while reducing risk to
the Warfighter.
30
Department of Defense Chemical Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress 2010
ACCOMPLISHMENTS
• Military Applications in Reconnaissance and Surveillance Joint Force Protection ATD: Within the operational theatre, commanders
need the information provided by a CBRN detection network to detect, identify, map, quantify, and track threats as early in an
attack as possible to increase options for operational responses, including which protective posture to assume. The CONOPS for
this ATD were defined and risk mitigation plans were developed.
• The Hazard Mitigation, Material and Equipment Restoration (HaMMER) ATD supports the Warfighter by developing an integrated
system of decontaminants, applications, and processes for CBR contaminants for all surfaces in all environmental conditions,
ultimately reducing hazards so that equipment is operationally useful. Technologies were selected, and test protocols and
performance metrics have been established.
• The Auto Decon ATD will evaluate the current detailed equipment decontamination process for land vehicles and prototype an
improved process. Accomplishments included the development of the Process Evaluation Tool.
• The Individual Protection (IP) Demonstration ATD will demonstrate the integration of CB IP technologies into a system
and determine the best achievable CBR protection performance without increasing the wearer’s thermal burden. FY 2009
accomplishments include:
○○System design and optimization of garment technologies with thermal performance equal to or better than the Flame
Resistant Army Combat Uniform
○○Design and development of a fully integrated mask/respirator helmet set with heads up displays
○○Improvement of the Warfighter’s CBRN situational awareness through the development of cutting-edge sensor technologies
that are integrated to communications architectures
○○Assessment of individual technology TRLs to support transition to the JPM-IP, JPM-IS, and Project Manager Soldier Warrior.
31
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Assessment
The JSTO-CBD conducts annual technical reviews of projects and programs the above CBDP partners have been in attendance.
in order to assess scientific merit and programmatic applicability. Funded The TQRs have resulted in the representation of all
performers present projects in terms of goals, activities, and results to of the projects, within a given Medical S&T capability
independent review panels comprised of members from government, industry, area, in either a TTA or a Capability Transition
and academia who are SMEs. These panels assess the projects for relevance Agreement (CTA), demonstrating acceptance of
and quality of effort. In addition, JSTO-CBD executes an internal Program the Medical S&T program from all of the CBDP
Management Review process that provides visibility and allows accountability stakeholders.
through all levels of management for performance, cost, and schedule. Each
Capability Area is reviewed at least once a year. During the annual program The Information Systems Capability Development
build, the JPEO-CBD, JRO-CBRND, and the T&E Executive are invited to critique program directly leveraged the annual Science Review
and provide feedback during the review and selection of projects to be funded to to contribute to the current assessment process.
ensure that priorities and needs are being met across the CBDP. Nearly concurrent with this review of ongoing S&T
projects was the review of Phase I and Phase II new-
The OATSD(NCB/CB) hosted a CB Defense S&T Review in September 2009. The start proposals. These two simultaneous evaluations
JSTO-CBD presented the CB Defense S&T Program to an independent review facilitated a full and objective comparison of new
panel made up of SMEs and representatives from the CBDP components. The and existing projects. Peer and SME project reviews
purposes of the review were to: (including participants from stakeholder communities
1. Review the CB Defense S&T Program against the S&T strategy such as Acquisition and T&E) determined that the
majority of ongoing projects were very relevant to and
2. Identify the benefits and key accomplishments of the CB Defense S&T merited transition to acquisition programs in support
Program of the Warfighter; however, some were deemed to be
3. Provide insight and appreciation of the objectives, aims, and research plans lower priority than newer projects.
of the CB Defense S&T Program
The Physical S&T program internally conducts
4. Highlight the strengths and raise critical CB Defense S&T Program issues or technical reviews in a variety of venues. Internal
gaps management reviews are conducted periodically
5. Ensure that the CB Defense S&T Program is aligned with the CBDP to address through site visits and communication between PIs
high-priority needs. and STMs, as well as quarterly and/or annual reports
submitted by the PIs. Scientific peer panel reviews
Most of the areas reviewed were rated as generally progressing satisfactorily. are conducted annually to assess technical quality of
research, where PIs present project goals, activities,
The Basic and Supporting Science Research Program conducts internal technical and results to independent peer review panels
reviews in a variety of venues. Internal management reviews are conducted comprised of SMEs from government, industry,
periodically through site visits and communication between Principle Investigators and academia. These panels assess projects
(PI) and Science and Technology Managers (STM), as well as quarterly and/or for relevance and quality of effort. The results of
annual reports submitted by the PIs. Scientific peer panel reviews are conducted these annual reviews are provided to PIs during site
annually to assess technical quality of research, where PIs present project goals, visits by the STM. Also, most Physical S&T projects
activities, and results to independent peer review panels comprised of SMEs are covered by TTAs and undergo TQRs to assess
from government, industry, and academia. These panels assess projects for progress on the objectives and deliverables. These
relevance and quality of effort. Projects with less than six months of performance TQRs provide an opportunity for the STMs, PIs, and
are not evaluated for progress. Through these reviews, 41 PBR projects, 35 MBR technology recipients to assess technical progress
projects, and 33 TAS projects received technical assessments. Furthermore, and discuss possible program modifications if
the reviews provide an opportunity to inform the applied research STMs, the T&E warranted. As part of the annual program build, all
community, and other stakeholders of occurring discoveries that could impact projects are reviewed to determine if funding is to
technology development in their areas. be continued. This review includes an evaluation of
technical progress, quality of the work, and alignment
The Medical S&T program reviews determined that all projects within the portfolio with JPEO-CBD and JRO-CBRND priorities. For the
are relevant to Warfighter needs. A review was conducted by the JRO-CBRND, FY 2010 programmatic build, projects selected for
Service representatives, and the advanced developer (JPEO-CBD) as well as a continued funding included 39 in Protection and
separate review by the JRO-CBRND, Service representatives, and representatives Hazard Mitigation, 18 in Detection, and eight in Tests,
from the Combatant Commanders. These separate reviews were intended to Demonstration, and Integration.
ascertain project applicability and relevance, and resulted in several projects
being re-focused or re-scoped in order to more effectively address technology The CBDP S&T Program is on track and represents
gaps. The CBDP major partners (JRO-CBRND, JPEO-CBD, JPM-CBMS, and a comprehensive and balanced portfolio, soundly
OASD(HA)) participated in the FY 2010/FY 2011 Medical S&T programmatic build positioned with a forward-looking orientation to deal
and approved all of JSTO-CBD FY 2010/2011 funding. JSTO-CBD has hosted with emerging and future threats.
multiple Transition Quarterly Reviews (TQR) for each capability area at which all of
32
Department of Defense Chemical Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress 2010
Acquisition
The focus of the JPEO-CBD acquisition strategy is to address the increasingly
uncertain strategic environment that contains highly adaptive and intelligent
adversaries with the ability to exploit technology and information to threaten
the United States. This uncertain environment includes a broader array of
threats today, including diverse hazards such as TICs and TIMs, as well as
more potentially lethal threats in the future with the emergence of advanced/
future chemical agents or reengineered biological agents. Furthermore, the
Army assesses that the next several decades will be characterized by persistent
conflict—protracted confrontation among state, non-state, and individual actors
willing to use violence to achieve their political and ideological ends. Additionally,
the budget climate is increasingly shaped by current and potential fiscal
constraints while Congress and the President are committed to further reforming
many of the fundamental ways DoD conducts its budgeting, acquisition, and
procurement processes.
With uncertainty being the defining characteristic of the present and future
environment, innovative solutions must be flexible to ensure that the U.S. Armed
Forces are never technologically surprised. To mitigate the broadened threat
context, the JPEO-CBD provides layered, “defense in-depth” capabilities that:
• Address an Expanded Portfolio and a Broader Spectrum of Threat Agents:
The JPEO-CBD is undertaking efforts to develop defense equipment and
MCMs for NTAs. One example of addressing a broader spectrum of threat
agents is the TMTI’s efforts to develop a single therapeutic that counters the
effects of multiple biological threat agents.
• Support the National Strategies: The JPEO-CBD invests in developing
equipment and capabilities that can support the full spectrum of national
strategy “resource alternatives.” This ensures that the equipment or
capability is relevant within the full range of scenarios envisioned by the
National Security, Combating Terrorism, CWMD, and Homeland Security/
Defense strategies, as well as the QDR.
• Are Dual Purpose: Within the context of supporting the National Strategies,
the JPEO-CBD invests in developing equipment and capabilities that are
applicable to both major conventional operations abroad and the Homeland
Defense Mission, providing integrated defense capabilities for Installation
Force Protection and support to civilian authorities.
33
ACQUISITION AND LOGISTICS
• Transcend Operational Levels: The JPEO-CBD invests in developing Implementing new DoDI 5000.02 requirements
equipment and capabilities such as the JBAIDS, which confirms the identity reduces technical risk, validates design and cost
of biological agents at the tactical level, provides a confirmatory analysis of estimates, supports evaluation of manufacturing
biological agents for use at the operational level, and supports a strategic processes during the later stages of development,
(national) bio-surveillance capability. and helps to refine requirements.
• Maximize Return on Investment (ROI): The JPEO-CBD maximizes ROI
Consistent with this strategic approach, in FY 2009
through international and interagency collaboration, developing capabilities
the JPEO-CBD continued the development and fielding
through an Enterprise solution, reducing O&S funding, and maximizing
of CB defense equipment and MCMs. Highlights of
Economic Order Quantities through purchasing.
development and fielding efforts for FY 2009 are
explained in this section, categorized within the four
Formal changes to the Defense Acquisition System are impacting the way that
CBRN defense capability areas — sense, shape,
the JPEO-CBD manages its programs. The updated DoDI 5000.02, issued on
shield, and sustain. In addition, this report describes
December 2, 2008, includes new congressionally directed policy. The DoDI
efforts to support medical defense, homeland
establishes a simplified and flexible management framework for translating
defense/consequence management, Major Defense
capability needs and technology opportunities based on approved capability
Acquisition Programs (MDAP), and the JPEO-CBD’s
needs into stable, affordable, and well-managed acquisition programs.
Software Support Activity (SSA). This section focuses
Regulatory and statutory changes promulgated by the new DoDI 5000.02
on progress in the capability areas only during FY
target the early phases of the acquisition development cycle, resulting in earlier
2009, and does not list and define each JPEO-CBD
involvement and additional R&D costs being incurred by the JPEO-CBD. There are
system or equipment item as done in previous
new requirements for:
editions of the ARC. Readers may consult previous
1. Robust analysis of material alternatives prior to initiating the acquisition editions of the ARC at http://www.acq.osd.mil/cp/
process cbd.html. Provided on the next few pages are the
2. Increased competition accomplishments, innovations, and initiatives under
each capability for FY 2009. Because several of the
3. Emphasis on systems engineering eight JPEO-CBD JPMs have broader product portfolios
4. Competitive prototyping than others, their accomplishments, innovations, and
initiatives appear greater in number.
5. Evaluating and ensuring technology maturity so that our acquisition programs
are ready for the next phase of development.
34
Department of Defense Chemical Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress 2010
35
ACQUISITION AND LOGISTICS
ACCOMPLISHMENTS INNOVATIONS
• Joint Nuclear Biological Chemical Reconnaissance System (JNBCRS) • Training: The NBCRV Virtual Crew Trainer
Increment II: in response to a Joint Urgent Operational Needs Statement (VCT) provides a crew level training system
(JUONS), the JPM-NBC CA fielded to the U.S. Army 14 sets of mission using virtual battle space. The system
specific kits for conducting dismounted (on-foot) CBRN reconnaissance. operates using America’s Army Game system
Specifically, this new capability includes the characterization of and incorporates the Force XXI Battle
hazardous material events or accidents and WMD detection or denial Command Brigade-and-Below cloned system
operations. The JUONS-inspired product is the first phase of the JNBCRS for navigational and command computers.
Increment II that is scheduled for MS C in the second quarter of FY 2010. In addition, the instructor has the capability
• As of September 30, 2009, the JPM-NBC CA delivered 7,831 M4 Joint to create new scenarios and add items to the
Chemical Agent Detectors (JCAD) to all Services including the U.S. Army ongoing simulation, with after-action review/
Reserve. Naval and Army Special Operations units were the first to playback capability. It has four Stations:
receive and use the most advanced hand held chemical agent detector Instructor, Commander, Driver, and Surveyor.
in the DoD inventory. The JCAD maximizes efficiency by replacing two The NBCRV VCT also has a simulated
different systems, the M8A1 Automatic Chemical Agent Alarm and the Remote Weapons Systems that supports
M-22 Automatic Chemical Agent Detector Alarm. reconnaissance and target engagement
capabilities. The NBCRV VCT was fielded
to units and is being incorporated into the
INITIATIVES institutional training base at the Joint CBRN
School. It provides NBCRV crew training
• The CBRN Sensor Integration Working Group ensures that the sensor while reducing the wear on the NBRCV
suite integration into the new Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical systems, resulting in cost and support
Reconnaissance Vehicle (NBCRV) is on track and coordinated. The savings.
Working Group keeps each sensor organization informed and aware of
cost, schedule, performance status, and risks as they apply to the NBCRV • The JPM-NBC CA is executing an engineering
program. This initiative includes the Program Management Office for upgrade to the M256A1 Chemical Detection
Brigade Combat Team as well as the JPM-BD, JPM-IS, and JPM-ColPro. kit to standardize the method for detection
of low volatility agents and to enhance field
• The CB Distributed Early Warning Strategy (CBDEWS) integrated usability. The M256 is not an alarm; it is
technologies from PM Unmanned Aerial Systems, DTRA, ECBC, Army a tool used after personnel have received
Research Laboratory, and numerous other CBDP internal and external other warnings about the possible presence
organizations to demonstrate CB contamination detection, tracking, and of CWAs. The new M256A2 kit standardizes
warning in two demonstrations at Dugway Proving Ground (DPG). These the detection methods for solid and liquid
events demonstrated the importance of integrated situational awareness phase agent samples and is backward
for the Warfighter and provided the foundation for the next generation CB compatible with the M256A1 kit. The A2
stand-off detection and early warning system. kit is Modular Lightweight Load-carrying
Equipment compatible per feedback
Soldiers assigned to the 43rd Signal Battalion use M256 vapor-sampler kits from Service users and incorporates
to test for the presence of nerve, blood, and blister agents during annual replenishment of components to reduce user
CBRN training at the Heidelberg Local Training Area in Germany. (U.S. Army costs. Procurement of A2 kits will begin in
photo by Kevin Koehler) the first quarter of FY 2010 and M256A1 kits
will be replaced through attrition.
36
Department of Defense Chemical Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress 2010
INNOVATION
Communications and Operability: The Common CBRN Sensor Interface
(CCSI) Version 1.0, which standardizes interfaces between sensors and
associated systems, was accepted as a mandated standard in the Defense
Information Technology Standards Registry. All JPEO-CBD-developed CBRN
sensors will interface using a published standard sensor interface. All JPEO-
CBD-developed applications will be able to implement to the standard and
guarantee interoperability between sensors and information systems.
INITIATIVE
The JPM-IS will continue to integrate shape capabilities to ensure a smooth
flow of information from sensor alarm to hazard mitigation. The aim is
to have a fully functional, enterprise, all-hazards capable, multi-echelon,
multi-Service surveillance, warning, reporting, hazard prediction, hazard
avoidance, and mitigation set of capabilities that may be used in tactical,
expeditionary, and installation environments with the ability to cross into
the Homeland Defense/Homeland Security realms. Realization of dual-
purpose capability is a primary objective of the JPEO-CBD.
37
ACQUISITION AND LOGISTICS
38
Department of Defense Chemical Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress 2010
ACCOMPLISHMENTS INITIATIVES
• JC3 production began in the third quarter of FY 2009. The first 150 • Joint Service Aircrew Mask-Rotary Wing
garments were delivered to the Army and Marine Corps in Fall 2009 with (JSAM-RW), Mask Protection Unit-6/P
15,538 being delivered thereafter. JC3 is a flame, petroleum, oil, and (MPU-6/P) Apache attack helicopter variant
lubricant resistant semi-permeable garment that protects Warfighters received FRP decision. The Apache variant
against CB threats. It provides combat vehicle crewmen-specific of the JSAM-RW program replaces the M-43
capability and design that was previously unavailable. and M-48 legacy masks. Considerable
• Fielded 146,186 Joint Service General Purpose Masks (JSGPM) in efficiencies are gained by having a single
FY 2009. This mask replaces MCU-2P, M-40, and M45-series legacy product or system replace multiple legacy
systems. Considerable efficiencies are gained by having a single product products and systems.
or system replace multiple legacy products and systems. • JPM-IP is cooperating with the National
• Delivered the following protective clothing components in FY 2009: Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Alternative Footwear System 471,282 pairs; Integrated Footwear System to certify the M-50 JSGPM for DoD civilian,
54,330 pairs; JSLIST Block 2 Glove Upgrade non-Flame Resistant contractor, and military first responder
292,185 pairs; and Joint Protective Aircrew Ensemble 18,184 garments. personnel to use for non-military unique
These components represent improved individual protection technologies situations during CBRN events.
for the Warfighter. • Collaborated with the Logistics Management
Institute, adapted existing automated
supply chain modeling software, and
addressed complex lifecycle and industrial
INNOVATIONS base management challenges associated
with Individual Protective Equipment (IPE)
• F-35 JSF cost saving benefits were realized by incorporating JSF pilot CBR portfolio items. Modeling provides a means
mask protection requirements into a variant of the existing Joint Service to assess the ability of the industrial base
Aircrew Mask-Fixed Wing program that uses proven technology and has a to react to changing demands, transition
developmental schedule that meets the JSF program milestone. to new materials and design changes, tariff
• The Future Filtration effort is working collaboratively with industry modifications, etc., and is now used by the
partners, government agencies inside and outside the DoD, and private Defense Logistics Agency’s (DLA) Clothing
and government laboratories to effectively increase protection against and Textiles Directorate for inventory
several high priority TIC threats. Testing indicates that improvements management.
against key agents may be demonstrated within the next 10-18 months. • A collaborative effort to rapidly develop
Interagency collaboration, as well as collaboration with industry, is a and build new test methods to support the
hallmark of JPEO-CBD operations and is required to advance technology fielding decision for improved respiratory,
to the required state. ocular, and percutaneous protection against
CWAs is underway between the JPM-IP,
DUSA-TEO, Army Test and Evaluation Center,
DPG, and ECBC. The rapid test development
initiative will address testing capability gaps
identified in recent acquisition programs,
and it is currently on schedule for delivery in
the next 12 months.
39
ACQUISITION AND LOGISTICS
INNOVATIONS
• The JPM-Decon continued its solid working relationship with the JSTO-CBD
in FY 2009. Two transitions are anticipated during FY 2010: Portable
Decontamination System for Bio-Chemical Surface and Wipe Technology
to the JMDS. In addition, three TTAs have been signed: HaMMER, IBRD,
and Auto Decon. The deliverables in the TTAs are expected to transition to
current and future PORs for potential advanced development during the FY
2010-2011 timeframe.
• In January 2009, the Decontamination FoS released a request for
information for a decontaminant solution for the JSTDS-SS. The submitted
products addressed either chemical and/or biological decontaminant
capability gaps. Six of the original 19 submissions were recommended by
an evaluation panel to move into Phase II testing. The decontaminant will
Joint Service Transportable Decontamination
address the capability gap associated with increased efficacy on porous System-Small Scale.
materials, applicator compatibility, and logistics considerations.
40
Department of Defense Chemical Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress 2010
41
ACQUISITION AND LOGISTICS
INITIATIVES
• The JPM-CBMS continued to support the Army-wide implementation of Lean Six
Sigma by initiating four new projects in FY 2009. These projects will improve
processes and procedures for the Congressional Special Interest Programs
(CSIP), improve risk management within the JPMs, improve the Regulatory and
Quality Assurance Program, and define IPT roles and responsibilities.
• CSIPs: The JPM-CBMS shapes CSIP projects accepted into the organization
to support its current mission profile. CSIP projects are not JPM-CBMS PORs;
rather, they are projects specially funded by Congress for CBRN MCM R&D.
Before these projects become a part of the JPM-CBMS management portfolio
via its Broad Agency Announcement, project proposals undergo a rigorous
assessment process in which SMEs ensure project alignment with JPM-CBMS
missions, resulting in a positive outcome for stakeholders. Partnerships
with CSIP recipients allow the JPM-CBMS to gauge the pulse of emerging
technologies while providing mentoring and insight into the DoD acquisition
process.
• The JPM-CBMS maintains key partnerships with government, industry,
academia, and international partners. Collaborating with the CDC on the
Strategic National Stockpile (SNS) of the Smallpox and Anthrax Vaccines has
saved the DoD $50M over a two-year timeframe. More than $122M will be
saved by the DoD through interagency and international collaboration of the
Plague Vaccine Program and the Medical Radiation Countermeasure Program.
The JPM-CBMS signed six Memoranda of Understanding (MOU)Memoranda of
Agreement/Interagency Agreements in FY 2009 with various organizations to
collaborate on MCM development/management.
• The JPM-CBMS and the JSTO-CBD closely coordinate the development of CTAs
and TTAs. The JPM-CBMS and JSTO-CBD met on a quarterly basis in FY 2009
as part of the TQR process to review tech base projects for each capability area
(Therapeutics, Prophylaxis, and Diagnostics). CTAs/TTAs are developed for all
6.3 funded programs (RDT&E, Advanced Technology Development) or promising
6.2 funded programs (RDT&E, Applied Research) independent of the status
of Advanced Development funding. These agreements will be in place prior to
transition of the program to Advanced Development under the JPM-CBMS. To
date, 14 CTAs/TTAs have been signed. The TQR process gives the advanced
developer technical information about the programs and the required insight
to program funds for transition. This close coordination is an industry best
practice and allows for seamless product transitions from the tech base to the
advanced developer. Six CTAs/TTAs were signed for future capabilities in FY
2009.
• The JPM-CBMS continues to collaborate on the Rapid Anticonvulsant
Medication Prior to Arrival Trial study with the National Institute of Neurological
Disorders and Stroke and the University of Michigan. In exchange for efficacy
data from the study (estimated at $23M), the JPM-CBMS has supplied auto-
injectors and training materials ($1.5M) and information for the Chemistry
Manufacturing Control portion of the IND, as well as a cross-reference letter to
the JPM-CBMS IND. This collaboration benefits both the DoD and the DHHS.
• In response to the request from the Homeland Security Council for the DoD
and the DHHS to integrate their medical TRLs, the JPM-CBMS, the JSTO-CBD,
the BARDA, and the NIAID integrated their respective TRLs into a single list.
These updated, integrated TRLs set forth the guidelines to facilitate common,
effective, and timely assessments of medical technologies and technical
information developed by DoD and DHHS. JPM-CBMS has also initiated
discussions to develop a consolidated Manufacturing Readiness Levels list
across the different agencies.
42
Department of Defense Chemical Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress 2010
Homeland Defense/Consequence
Management (Systems in Support of
ACCOMPLISHMENTS
• On February 27, 2009, the JPM-Guardian established the new Joint
Installation Defense and Homeland Product Manager, Joint Operations Support CBRNE, to rapidly procure,
Security Requirements) integrate, and sustain all CBRNE capabilities for the Army’s 20th Support
The JPEO-CBD’s JPM-Guardian provides CBRN Command (SUPCOM) (CBRNE) in support of their Warfighter and
defense capabilities for Homeland and Installation Homeland Defense missions.
Defense, as well as Vigilant Protection and Initial
Response for the DoD’s Critical Infrastructure and
• The JPM-Guardian completed the fielding of the Analytical Laboratory
Civilian Support. System Increment I upgrades to each NGB WMD-CST, providing the CSTs
with an advanced orthogonal capability to detect CB WMD and TICs.
INNOVATIONS The JPM-Guardian fielded a Transportable Communications Package/
Advanced Echelon vehicle to the 29th Infantry Division. In support of
• The JPM-Guardian partnered with the JPM-
the 20th SUPCOM, the JPM-Guardian fielded a light version of a Mobile
IS to develop a next generation Decision
Analytical Laboratory, and began the design of a heavy version and a
Support System (DSS) that focuses on the
monitoring van, giving the 20th SUPCOM a capability for rapid on-site
Emergency Operations Center to Incident
sample identification and the ability to correctly detect and identify
Command Post interface and integrates
WMDs in a tactical environment.
DoD and DHS policy, guidance, and
instructions. The DSS has the capability to • The JPM-Guardian fielded tiered CBRN protection and response
expand the JPEO-CBD enterprise solution capability to an additional 12 Continental United States (CONUS) military
by incorporating not only CBRN capabilities, installations and completed design activities for the first Tier II Outside of
but also Physical Security/Force Protection the Continental United States (OCONUS) installation.
capabilities with an all-hazards solution
set that facilitates National Incident
Management System (NIMS) compliance on
INITIATIVES
DoD installations. • The JPM-Guardian partnered with the DTRA to sponsor Military-Civilian
Coordination Advisory Group meetings which facilitate discussions,
• The JPM-Guardian chaired the TIC/TIM Task share lessons learned, and develop best practices for local preparedness
Force. The Task Force mission identifies and response activities between civilian jurisdictions and military
TIC opportunities and gaps within the facilities and installations. JPM-Guardian participated in two successful
COTS/government off-the-shelf Portfolio. meetings: the first took place in Seattle, WA and the second in San
Preliminary information for the task force Antonio, TX.
was presented to the NATO Challenge Sub-
Group in July 2009. • The COTS technology life cycle management (LCM) program established
with the U.S. Army TACOM Life Cycle Management Command (TACOM
• The JPM-Guardian designed and LCMC), Rock Island, was the first WMD COTS technology for Military use,
implemented a COTS JACKS Information providing a single point of management for CBRN COTS LCM across the
Tool, which provides integrated search CBDP and other federal agencies. It strives to standardize, modernize,
capability across multiple databases internal and institutionalize COTS equipment to optimize benefits/savings to the
and external to the DoD. It represents a DoD, and it facilitates planning, budgeting, and scheduling for long-term
single fused source of information based on COTS modernization.
a person’s Common Access Card credentials
(i.e., need to know) of CBRNE commercial • The JPM-Guardian is collaborating with the DTRA, JSTO-CBD, and JPM-
equipment. The tool provides a seamless NBC CA on the Rapid Area Sensitive-Site Reconnaissance ATD. This ATD
capability to view testing, doctrine, logistics, will demonstrate a sensor capability for NTAs, CWAs, TICs, and explosives
and training information across both that is mountable on a remote controlled mobile platform capable of
databases and disparate systems. sending real-time color video feed to the operator. The JPM-Guardian
also plans to transition the sensor-robot system to tunneling applications
as well as the use of networked robotics for CBRNE and Force Protection
functions.
• The JPM-Guardian, its PM Installation Protection Program, and military
installation response personnel participated in exercises with local
responders, Public Health, and BioWatch officials. Within the National
Capital Region (NCR), they tested combined notification CONOPS and
worked through a bio-event Table Top Exercise (TTX). In San Diego,
CA, the team conducted combined informational meetings. All of these
Decontamination of Soldiers following a CB efforts enhanced local cooperation and built confidence in a combined
exposure exercise. response to biological threats. The exercises help establish the
foundation for a successful National Biomonitoring Architecture.
43
ACQUISITION AND LOGISTICS
INNOVATIONS
• Initiated prototype of decontamination system to support the JSF. This
design will look at new decontamination technologies, along with
different applications of shelter technology, to provide the JSF program
with the best decontamination capability to achieve their survivability
requirements.
• Refining CCSI requirements. The goal of CCSI is to create an open
system giving sensors the ability to plug-and-play into MDAP platforms.
The standard will allow sensor designers to ensure that the products that
JPEO-CBD is providing to the MDAPs will be compatible with the network
requirements levied by the MDAPs.
45
ACQUISITION AND LOGISTICS
46
Department of Defense Chemical Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress 2010
INITIATIVES INNOVATION
• Materiel Fielding Tracking Tool: The JPEO-CBD is the Materiel Release • Since its establishment in June 2003, the
Authority for all CB defense programs for which it is the Materiel JPEO-CBD continues to evolve its approach
Developer. The Materiel Fielding Tracking Tool (MFTT) supports this for Enterprise-wide engagement in LCM.
process and assists JPEO-CBD product fielding by: Within a cooperative framework established
○○Standardizing the data structure and reporting periods across the through the Joint Logistics Advisory Council
eight JPEO-CBD JPMs for Chemical and Biological Defense, the
JPEO-CBD supports the Operations and
○○Creating a standard, authoritative data source to record all Support phase of the Systems Acquisition
materiel fieldings and transfers in accordance with the Total process to improve readiness and fielding
Package Fielding requirements contained in Army Regulation 700- of equipment, while respecting the Services’
142, “Type Classification, Materiel Release, Fielding and Transfer” ultimate and statutory responsibility and
○○Greatly reducing the time spent by analysts and fielding personnel authority to train, equip, and sustain the
to compile reports and provide senior leaders with timely and Force. The JPEO-CBD executes a three-fold
accurate information. The MFTT software is hosted on JACKS. approach to improve the logistical readiness
of the DoD’s CB Defense equipment:
The combination of capabilities provided by the MFTT will help to ensure
○○Continue and improve the
that JPM fielding, product distribution, and accountability information are
organizational relationships and
visible and readily available. The MFTT will provide the JPMs automated
structures within the CBDP
visibility and traceability of all JPEO-CBD assets that are procured and
fielded. Additionally, users will be able to create queries in “near-real- ○○Implement and institutionalize several
time” to answer logistics-related questions on CB Defense fielding and Business Process Improvements
new equipment training for various organizations. to enhance and streamline Joint
Sustainment
• CBRN-Information Resource Center (CBRN-IRC): The CBRN-IRC
operates on a continuous basis and serves as a single entry point for all ○○Integrate efforts and processes
requests for information related to the CBDP; it can be accessed online through the use of IT systems that
or via telephone by Service personnel throughout the world. Through a improve the JPEO-CBD’s decision
collaborative effort between the JPEO-CBD and support agencies (i.e., support tools, facilitate the sharing
the TACOM LCMC’s Integrated Logistics Support Center, Product Support of critical logistics information to
Integration Directorate, and ECBC) the CBRN-IRC continues to evolve all Stakeholders, and enhance CB
to meet the JPEO-CBD’s intent to integrate seamlessly and provide equipment visibility across the Joint
responsive, relevant, and reliable information to support the Warfighters. Forces.
This feature has been highly acclaimed by our Stakeholders and
continues to grow in content and demand. CBRN-IRC inquiries totaled
2,554 in FY 2009 (32 percent increase from FY 2008).
○○Total inquires: 2,554 (32 percent increase from 2008)
○○Average customer rating: 4.8 (scale: one is worst, five is best)
○○Inquiry Origins:
3%
Southwest Asia
5%
OCONUS
92%
CONUS
○Seventy-one
○ percent of all inquires are closed within 24 hours;
more than 76 percent are closed within 72 hours.
47
ACQUISITION AND LOGISTICS
Services Fielded
JPM System ARMY AIR FORCE NAVY MARINE CORPS USSOCOM TOTALS
JSPDS (RSDL) 136,080 18,720 55,200 27,600 0 237,600
JPM-Decon
JSPDS Training Lotion 8,400 0 0 0 0 8,400
ACADA/M22 47 0 0 0 0 47
ICAM 1,155 0 0 0 0 1,155
JPM-NBC CA JNBCRS-2 18 0 0 0 0 18
JCBRAWM 53 0 100 0 0 153
JCAD 2,274 1,335 1,879 1,703 0 7,191
JPM-BD JBPDS 407 0 35 0 0 442
JPM-ColPro No Fieldings 0 0 0 0 0 0
JPM-CBMS JBAIDS 0 0 11 0 0 11
ALS 1 48 0 0 0 0 48
JPM-Guardian
IPP 3 3 5 1 0 12
JSGPM 0 99,976 0 50,000 0 149,976
AFS 140,953 231,745 50,280 118,840 0 541,818
IFS 0 0 36,036 0 30,182 66,218
JPM-IP
JB2GU nFR 89,072 87,039 41,255 63,071 0 280,437
JSMLT 0 65 15 0 0 80
JPACE 14,111 0 20,486 0 0 34,597
JPM-IS JEM Increment I (Standalone) 0 71 0 0 0 71
TOTALS 392,621 438,954 205,302 261,215 30,182 1,328,274
Joint Chemical
Agent Detector.
48
Department of Defense Chemical Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress 2010
Industrial Base
The CBDP continues to strive to increase the visibility of the CBRN industrial base
(IB) status, and the risk associated with the IB in the event of a CBRN incident
or a national emergency. To support this visibility, an Industrial Base Analysis
System was developed. The IB continues to be challenged by fluctuations
between times of war and times of peace, which result in fluctuations in both the
demand and production requirements. To address this concern and ensure the
availability of CBRN systems as required, the JPEO-CBD tasked the Joint Logistics
Advisory Council for Chemical and Biological Defense IB Working Group to conduct
a scenario-based analysis on CBRN systems to identify risks and potential
mitigations strategies for the JPEO-CBD to accomplish its mission in times of
surge and national emergency.
The impact of this IB analysis and management is an integral part of the JPEO-
CBD’s Total Life Cycle Management philosophy for enterprise-wide management
of this critical commodity.
ACCOMPLISHMENTS
• This initial IB analysis was conducted using 224 systems supported by a
total of 348 National Stock Numbers identified in the TAV list generated
by the OATSD(NCB/CB).
• The systems are compiled according to their core capability alignment,
as this alignment provides the linkage needed to determine an overall IB
capability assessment rating. A total of 19 core capabilities are being
reviewed during this initial analysis.
INNOVATIONS
• This IB analysis has identified nine major focus areas: supply availability,
production status, lead time, shelf life, vendor base, foreign source,
production viability, financial status of contractors, and debarred status
of contractors.
• This analysis demonstrates the feasibility of conducting an assessment
that is based on quantifiable, verifiable, and repeatable data that
is linked to the Passive Defense Mission area, greatly improving the
understanding of CBRN equipment availability and IB status and capacity.
INITIATIVES
• A two-phased approach is being used to accomplish the IB analysis.
Phase one is the initial short term analysis to identify risks.
• Phase two identifies a long term, standardized approach and mitigation
strategy to improve IB management. Phase two will be out-briefed in
January 2010 and included in the next ARC.
49
ACQUISITION AND LOGISTICS
Assessment
The JPEO-CBD continues to utilize the Defense Acquisition Executive summary Overall Acquisition Program Assessment –
format to report the acquisition status of the programs monthly. The 42
acquisition programs (including PD-TESS) include programs that are post-FRP Green: Overall Acquisition
and pre-system acquisition. Of these programs, there are 14 active Acquisition No Cross- Program Assessment
Program Baselines (APB). APBs are used to manage the cost, schedule, and
performance throughout the Engineering and Manufacturing Development Phase Cutting Issues 2 (4%)
of the acquisition process leading to the FRP decision review. The programs that Identified/On
are post-FRP or pre-system acquisition do not have active APBs. For FY 2009, five
APBs will be updated as a result of successful acquisition decision reviews.
Track 47 (96%)
Cost – Green: No
Within the DoD acquisition system, the JPEO-CBD is the designated MDA for all
Cross-Cutting
CB defense acquisition programs. Overall success of the acquisition programs is
Issues Identified/
measured in terms of fielding additional or new capabilities to the Warfighter. For
On Track
FY 2009, of the 42 acquisition programs (including PD-TESS projects) reported
As mentioned in Pending Bio-Surety Task Force
monthly, four programs received successful acquisition decisions that authorized
the FY 2008 ARC, No Cross-cutting issues
equipment fielding to the Warfighter. These are in addition to the 19 programs of
potential cost identified/on track
the 42 that are presently fielding capabilities.
growths to the
medical portfolio
The JPEO-CBD, in coordination with the JRO-CBRND and Joint CBRND PAIO, has
still remain as a result of the U.S. Army’s Bio-surety
embraced the new DoDI 5000.02, dated December 2, 2008, which revised
Task Force reviewing the bio-surety, biosafety, and
the acquisition life cycle framework. As stated earlier in this report, the new
personnel reliability for two of the programs. All other
DoDI 5000.02, increases emphasis on upfront planning and coordination,
cost issues for individual programs are addressed
system engineering, technology readiness, and capability refinement. The new
within the CBDP and reflected in APB updates during
acquisition cycle framework incorporates MDDs prior to Milestone Decision
decision reviews.
reviews. The MDD allows the MDA to review the technology maturity and
capabilities prior to determining the milestone entry point of a system. As of FY
Schedule – Green: No Cross-Cutting Issues
2009, the JPEO-CBD conducted six successful MDDs across the CBDP portfolio.
Identified/On Track
This new process should allow the MDA to field a more refined and risk-reduced
Systems are being procured and fielded on time.
capability to the Warfighter.
No cross-cutting issues exist within the 14 reported
programs with active APBs.
This section will assess cost, schedule, and performance based on the following
definitions:
Performance – Green: No Cross-Cutting Issues
• Green: No cross-cutting issues, i.e., cost, schedule, or performance issues Identified/On Track
that cut across programs The CBDP continues to field militarily significant
• Yellow: Cross-cutting issues with identified resolution within established increments of capability with no performance issues
processes that cut across all of the acquisition programs.
Individual acquisition program-specific performance
• Red: Critical issues that require GO/FO resolution. challenges are addressed within the CBDP and
reflected in APB updates during decision reviews.
50
Department of Defense Chemical Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress 2010
The primary capability for non-medical CBDP testing is located at DPG, West
Desert Testing Center. The CBDP operates and sustains DPG as part of the
nation’s Major Range and Test Facility Base to provide the specialized T&E
facilities required for surety and simulant testing. DPG provides acquisition
system developmental testing and supports operational testing by all Services.
The CBDP has met the requirements of the FY 2003 National Defense
Authorization Act to fully sustain DPG’s O&S, moving from 33 percent funded to
100 percent funded. This allows acquisition programs to have an established test
bed and to plan their test programs to fund only direct test costs.
51
TEST AND EVALUATION
The CBRN Defense T&E Executive published the The following capability improvements are expected to be delivered in FY 2010 by
FY 2010 - 2015 T&E Infrastructure Investment JPEO-CBD/JPM-NBC CA:
Strategy (TIIS) in FY 2008 as the path forward • Dynamic Test Chamber (DTC): Provides capability and control of real-world
for defining and fulfilling future T&E infrastructure
chemical point detection testing in various environments and challenge
needs. This strategy is currently being updated to
concentrations to test CWA point detectors. Capability is expected to be
reflect investment needs for the FY 2012 - 2017 available in the second Quarter.
planning period. These efforts are aligned with the
S&T development and acquisition programs they • Man-in-Simulant Test (MIST) Chamber Upgrades, Real-time Sensor: Monitors
support. The need for continuing incremental T&E the breakthrough of a simulant through IPE material in real-time and is
improvements is driven by the need for continuing expected to be available in the fourth Quarter. It should be noted that the
improvement of threat realism in testing, refined test DPG MIST facility is currently non-functional and requires rebuild due to an
conditions and challenge materials, test robustness, accidental electrical fire in the control room during 2008. No personnel were
M&S, and the ability to address continually evolving injured.
threats. • Baker Lab Upgrade: Provides laboratory space to support the Whole System
Live Agent Testing (WSLAT) full system chamber.
T&E capability and methodology development
projects are planned and executed in multi-year • ColPro Facility Upgrades: The chemical agent simulant and toxic vapor
increments, and successful implementation is directly filtration tests upgrade existing small air purification test fixtures to
dependent upon the funding levels in each year. New improve reliability, performance, and monitoring. The long-term CBR
T&E infrastructure requirements for FY 2016 - 2017 Filtration Evaluation Facility is capable of evaluating the efficacy of filtration
are currently being identified. Continued investment technologies over extended periods of operation.
in T&E infrastructure is driven by advancing
technologies and emerging threats that require
additional test capabilities and revalidation for refined
test conditions.
INITIATIVES
• The CBRN Defense T&E Executive is leading efforts to establish T&E • In order to prepare more effectively for emerging
standards for the full range of CBDP systems testing. Established threats, Headquarters, Air Force Strategic Plans and
general T&E standards serve as guidance for the quality, documentation, Policy is revisiting the topic of KPPs for Counter-
and rigor required for each test capability and associated test CBRN (C-CBRN) technologies. The objective
procedures. The goal is to provide validated, repeatable, and of this task is to assign threshold metrics for
reproducible test procedures, and to maximize commonality and sharing C-CBRN equipment (i.e., detection, protection,
of data with both interagency and international partners. The end decontamination, etc.) to evaluate system
result of this effort will be increased value and utility of test data with performance against various challenge levels.
reduced cost through the reduction of repeat test events, test error, and Ultimately, KPPs can inform the design of tests to
duplicative efforts, and the production of validated data for use with address performance gaps in C-CBRN equipment.
modeling and model development. • In 2004, Air Mobility Command (AMC) began the
process of obtaining funding for an experiment to
The CBRN Defense T&E Executive is working community-wide to leverage determine a “reasonable” crew duty period while
JSTO-CBD and JPEO-CBD test technology and capability developments flying in IPE. In 2008, the JRO-CBRND released
and ensure expert review, validation, and full utility of the fielded test funding for the initiative. This Joint experiment
capabilities and to guide development of T&E standards. These efforts involves testing Mobility Air Forces using C-130s
include the T&E Capabilities and Methodologies Integrated Process Team and C-17s, Navy and Marine Corps helicopters, and
(TECMIPT), which defines requirements for T&E capabilities and provides possibly fighters from Air Combat Command. Three
opportunities for participation by all stakeholders in T&E standards groups of C-130 aircrew members donned aircrew
development for each system type. The TECMIPT ensures completeness CB suits for eight-hour tactical Night Vision Goggle
and quality of the T&E standards packages for approval by the CBRN (NVG), low-level Exchange Zone (EZ) missions
Defense T&E Executive and publishing and unrestricted use. during the Joint Aircrew Duration in Protective
Ensemble experiment held at Little Rock AFB, AR,
Coordination of the T&E standards development effort includes the DHS, from March 24 through April 3, 2009. AMC is
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and the member countries trying to determine the optimal distance for the EZ
of the AUS/CAN/UK/US CBR MOU; as well as all Military Departments, location in relation to the contaminated base, as
the DoD, and industry as appropriate. The CBRN Defense T&E Executive aircrew must be in IPE while flying contaminated
is also supporting the White House National S&T Council Subcommittee aircraft. Current Air Force and AMC regulations do
on Standards Roadmap Working Group in incorporating DoD CBDP not specify any limitations on aircrew duty periods
T&E Standards into the National strategy on standards. International while in IPE. Depending on the aircraft and mission,
efforts are already ongoing in the AUS/CAN/UK/US Test, Evaluation, current crew days can run from 12 to 24 hours for
and Simulation Working Group (TESWG) to build on existing CBDP Test augmented crews.
Operations Procedures (TOP) and emerging T&E standards to develop
Multi-National TOPs.
53
TEST AND EVALUATION
ACCOMPLISHMENTS INNOVATIONS
• Published CBDP T&E Standards that provide guidance to the CBDP T&E • The Test Grid project will fully instrument
community concerning basic standards for testing to ensure consistency DPG’s target R, target S, and tower
and repeatability of test results. Implemented new methodology for grid for CB simulant field testing to
developing T&E capability requirements. include modern, accurate, and reliable
• Actual development and acquisition of the following T&E capabilities was referee instrumentation; NRT data
accomplished by JPEO-CBD/JPM-NBC CA during FY 2009: analysis and visualization tools; a data
management system; a command, control,
○○Completed Dynamic Entry/Exit Test Module and Instrument communications, computers, intelligence,
Upgrade at Eglin AFB, FL: Upgrades test module and laboratory surveillance, and reconnaissance (C4ISR)
analytical equipment to support static and dynamic testing of network; and a safari (mobile) capability.
ColPro systems. Component test planning and testing are
○○Completed installation of mechanical filtration upgrade: Upgrades ongoing. Improvements in existing test grid
large scale simulant gas life test fixture and particle test fixture systems resulting from development of this
to improve reliability and performance; supports simulant project have already been realized and have
breakthrough and particulate efficiency testing of large air supported FY 2009 test events including the
purification devices. CBDEWS demonstration. Initial capability is
expected to be available in the fourth quarter
○○Completed Advanced Air Purification Upgrade: Provides test fixture
of FY 2010.
for evaluating Advance Air Purification devices against chemical
agent challenges and is able to test and evaluate full-scale air • The fully articulated mannequin capability
purification systems against chemical agents over a range of will provide robust testing of protective
environmental conditions. ensembles in a CWA surety chamber
environment. It is robotic in nature and
○○Completed Decon Facility Upgrades: Installed test fixture for
will closely emulate human movement in
decontamination efficacy testing of full-scale decontamination
various task-oriented scenarios. Design
systems on small items (such as NVG and phones).
development is expected to be complete and
○○Conducted IPE Grid Study: Provides a standardized method build initiated in late FY 2010.
for assigning common locations to the body and IPE to be used
throughout the testing process.
○○Completed WSLAT Strung Out System and Methodology: Provides
a strung out chamber (component), methodology, and M&S for
testing biological point detection systems.
○○Completed Standard Unit of Measure Study: Proposes a single unit
of measure for biological aerosols and biological material in liquid
independent of material state and agent type to improve analysis of
biological detection performance.
○○Integrated Bio-Spectral Instrument into test lab: Provides a
spectral characterization instrument to measure spectral signatures
and cross sections of BWAs and simulants.
54
Department of Defense Chemical Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress 2010
Assessment
T&E is assessed as green/yellow. T&E infrastructure is improving based on
investments made in FY 2006 through 2009. Funds are programmed to continue
upgrading T&E infrastructure that is aligned with national priorities to support
acquisition program testing needs.
55
TEST AND EVALUATION
Efforts to improve in this area will include a decontamination system CWA test
chamber, an IPE Mannequin System, MIST instrumentation, CB agent resistance
test (CBART) equipment, and ColPro simulant instrumentation/chamber. The
decontamination test chamber will provide an enhanced ability to conduct
decontamination and residual agent off-gas testing. The IPE Mannequin
System will provide an articulated robotic mannequin that simulates Warfighter
activities for evaluating IPE performance against CWA challenges. The MIST
instrumentation will provide a NRT simulant sensor system to monitor penetration
of simulant vapor and aerosols during testing. The IPE Grid will provide test
procedures to establish commonality measurements for IPE system-level
performance tests. The CBART will provide improved test fixtures and a NRT
testing capability under a range of environmental conditions for IP and ColPro
materials from which data can be used to more accurately assess toxicological
exposure levels. ColPro instrumentation upgrades will provide improved test
capabilities for the evaluation of entire ColPro systems, subsystems, and
individual components. The improved MIST, new mannequin, and CBART are
expected in FY 2012 as fielded test capabilities.
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Department of Defense Chemical Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress 2010
Doctrine, Training,
Leadership, and Education
The CBDP has developed doctrine and built robust training, leadership, and
education programs based on the belief that no one should per form a task
in a real-world operation without having previously per formed a similar task
in training or through education.
CBRN training and education focuses on the needs of three customers: the
Military Departments, Combatant Commands, and other DoD agencies. The
Military Departments have Title 10 responsibility to train and equip the forces
to carry out their respective missions. The Combatant Commands ensure the
availability of needed capabilities for unified action. Department agencies ensure
unified action and that the Warfighter is fully supported.
The Department submitted its report, Joint Training and Certification for NBC
Defense, to the House Armed Services Committee in October 2007 in response
to the House Armed Services Committee report language. This report identified
potential education and training gaps in NBC defense that inhibits the U.S. Armed
Forces’ mission in the face of a NBC threat.
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DOCTRINE, TRAINING, LEADERSHIP, AND EDUCATION
The DTL&E strategic goal is to continue developing and integrating adaptive and
innovative Joint CBRN defense capabilities and enable the Department to operate
readily with interagency and multi-national partners in support of the National
Military Strategies.
The DTL&E Oversight Matrix identifies the specific actions associated with
addressing the CBRN defense DTL&E goal, objectives, and capabilities; identifies
the Office of Primary Responsibility/Office of Collateral Responsibility for the
development of a baseline assessment for each action and the source of the
assignment of responsibility; and documents milestones and program status
updates.
The Department will achieve its CBRN defense DTL&E goal and objectives through
continuous facilitation, coordination, and synchronization of existing oversight
processes, which includes assessing feedback, analyzing processes to monitor
results, and identifying areas requiring additional emphasis. Execution of the four
strategic objectives will follow these established processes: evaluate the status
of the force; identify and validate gaps and shortfalls; advocate changes and
improvements to resolve gaps and shortfalls; and monitor changes to facilitate
continuous improvements. The four strategic objectives and their supporting
capabilities are shown in the table on the following page. The following section
will present Military Departments accomplishments, initiatives, and innovations
framed around each objective.
The ATSD(NCB/CB), Joint Staff, and the Military Departments are conducting
baseline assessment of the actions supporting the Strategic Plan Objectives and
establishing metrics to measure progress.
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Department of Defense Chemical Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress 2010
Department of Defense Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Defense Doctrine, Training,
Leadership, and Education Strategic Plan Objectives, Capabilities, and Actions
DoD CBRN Defense Doctrine, Training, Leadership, and Education Strategic Plan Objectives, Capabilities, and Actions:
The Objectives, Capabilities, and Actions from the DoD CBRN Defense Implementation Plan are listed below to simplify development of input.
A. OBJECTIVE: Improved, Integrated, and Unified CBRN Defense Operations
1. CAPABILITY: Improved CBRN defense 2. CAPABILITY: CBRN defense unity of effort across 3. CAPABILITY: Improved individual and
preparedness Military Departments and DoD agencies organizational CBRN defense competency
• Improve realism of CBRN training and exercises • Expand training for disaster response and • Expand CBRN leader training and education
• Expand Joint, multi-national, and interagency consequence management programs
training • Expand education, training, and experimentation • Incorporate lessons learned from the
• Expand opportunities for multi-Service training initiatives operational environment
programs • Share training, planning, and other appropriate • Improve realistic individual and collective
• Increase Joint training opportunities
ACTIONS
training to encourage adaptive and innovative • Integrate with interagency and multi-national
thinking partners
• Incorporate principles and effects of sustained • Develop and share resources with interagency
CBRN operations in training, exercises, PME, and multi-national partners
and leader development programs
C. OBJECTIVE: Aligned CBRN Defensive Training Infrastructure
1. CAPABILITY: Continued CBRN defense DTL&E 2. CAPABILITY: Improved multi-Service and Joint
capability investment CBRN defense education and training infrastructure
• Continue modernization and construction of • Develop policies to enhance multi-Service and
facilities and training areas Joint CBRN defense training infrastructure
• Ensure ability to train with interagency and • Expand homeland defense education, exercises,
multi-national partners training, and experimentation initiatives
ACTIONS
creative solutions to unforeseen issues through the PPBE process • Implement the Preparedness Assessment
• Establish policies to empower decentralized • Align Joint training and education capabilities Methodology and assess preparedness
execution with our international and interagency and resources with Combatant Commander’s against the NMSCWMD
partners operational needs
• Link needs to budget and resource actions
through the PPBE process
The desired capabilities are to improve CBRN defense preparedness, develop CBRN defense unity of effort across Military Departments
and Defense Agencies, and improve individual and organizational CBRN defense competency. Provided are the significant
accomplishments of the Joint Staff and Military Departments to obtain this objective.
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DOCTRINE, TRAINING, LEADERSHIP, AND EDUCATION
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Department of Defense Chemical Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress 2010
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DOCTRINE, TRAINING, LEADERSHIP, AND EDUCATION
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Department of Defense Chemical Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress 2010
Several bi-lateral initiatives including the Czech Republic, Singapore, the Republic
of Korea, and Japan occurred in FY 2009. The Japanese event held at Yokota AFB
focused on A/C decontamination, contaminated remains handling, and biological
surveillance.
The Joint Staff continues to enhance its active role in the integration of CWMD
into intermediate and senior-level PME institutions. Current initiatives by the Joint
Staff support the Service and Joint PME system by providing alternatives on how
to best integrate CWMD/CBRN defense. Success has been achieved through a
review of curriculum and war game scenarios, SME support to war games and as
guest speakers for CWMD electives, and developing course curricula and other
related support.
63
DOCTRINE, TRAINING, LEADERSHIP, AND EDUCATION
Navy
The Navy Shore Force Training Center initiated the
Installation Emergency Manager Course, training
Installation Emergency Management Officers on
all-hazards preparedness, mitigation, response,
and recovery, including CBRN hazards. Six Navy
installations completed a CBRN field training exercise
with newly provided equipment from the JPM-
Guardian Installation Protection Program.
Staff Sgt. Corey Jones reviews his checklist during the PENINSULA-WIDE
COMBAT EMPLOYMENT RESPONSE EXERCISE July 26 at Kunsan Air Base,
Republic of Korea. (U.S. Air Force photo by Senior Airman Steven R. Doty)
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Department of Defense Chemical Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress 2010
Marine Corps
Awareness of CBRN Defense is incorporated into all unit and MOS Training and
Readiness (T&R) Manuals, as well as all levels of training and operational planning
in the Marine Corps. CBRN training is specifically addressed at the small unit
level to maximize force protection and unit survivability. Additional CBRN training
occurs in the Marine Expeditionary Unit pre-deployment training program and at
the Marine Corps Air Ground Combat Center in Twenty-Nine Palms, CA.
Annually, Individual Survival Standards (ISS) training is conducted for all Marines
using the standards of proficiency outlined in Marine Corps Order (MCO)
3400.3F, NBC Defense Training and the Marine Corps Common Skills Manuals.
In conjunction with ISS training, all Marines complete an IPE confidence exercise
once per calendar year. Units perform to the basic operating standards of
proficiency and CBRN defense team operations when conducting missions under
CBRN conditions.
The Marine Corps offers online computer-based training to assist all Marines
Airman 1st Class Ryan Quiles, 51st Security
with their proficiency and sustainment of ISS as well as correspondence courses
Forces Squadron, surveys the scene for
to reinforce sustainment of unit CBRN reconnaissance and decontamination
suspicious activity during exercise BEVERLY
teams. The Guidebook for Marines, provided to each recruit during basic training
BULLDOG 08-03 peninsula wide operational
and officer candidate at Officer Candidate School, also provides each Marine an
readiness exercise. (U.S. Air Force photo by
awareness of CBRN ISS as they enter the Marine Corps. The newly implemented
Staff Sgt. Scottie McCord)
Marine Corps CBRN Defense enlisted career roadmap provides MOS guidance
for professional development and training. CBRN training and education is in
development to provide Marines at
all levels and ranks further CBRN
awareness for CBRN defense and Marines from the Battalion Landing Team 2/2, 26th Marine Expeditionary Unit don CBRN
supporting CWMD operations at defense gear at a range in the Middle East on May 26, 2007. (Official USMC photo by Cpl.
formal schools. Jeremy Ross)
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DOCTRINE, TRAINING, LEADERSHIP, AND EDUCATION
(Left to right) Senior Airman Edward Connell, Staff Sgt. Adrian Sanders, Senior Airman Dusty Surber, and Master Sgt. Shayne Murphy
take shelter in a hanger during a chemical exercise at Osan Air Base, Republic of Korea. (U.S. Air Force photo by Staff Sgt. Bradley C.
Church)
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Department of Defense Chemical Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress 2010
Interagency and
International Integration
The DoD CBDP coordinates its activities with OGAs and par tner nations
to ensure a fully integrated and robust CB defense capability. This
coordination fur ther encourages the exchange of knowledge, laborator y
and test capabilities, and burden sharing within the interagency community
while simultaneously identifying and eliminating redundant and duplicative
ef for ts. Coordination ef for ts throughout the CBDP are crucial to providing an
integrated approach of CBRN defense capabilities in suppor t of the National
Militar y Strategies.
67
INTERAGENCY AND INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION
Measures; and the Interagency Combating WMD Database of Responsibilities, • Using up to 25 DoD installations with
Authorities, and Capabilities. Additionally, the DARPA periodically organizes the biodetection capability to provide additional
DARPA Chemical and Biological Defense Technologies Review, an event which BioWatch geographic coverage
serves as a forum for discussion and presentation of the DARPA’s CB defense • Tri-Agency (DoD/DHS/EPA) Technical
research portfolio to the DoD. Coordination Working Group
The CBDP also works with the DHHS to develop a Joint National Stockpile for • DoD/DHS Capabilities Development Working
fielded products and collaborates on numerous developmental products. A Group.
National Stockpile exists for the Smallpox (ACAM2000TM) and Anthrax (BioThraxTM)
vaccines. The CBDP is working with the DHHS to refine integrated processes and The requirement to detect and identify CBRN agents,
procedures for ordering, distribution, billing, and payment. sources, or compounds rapidly is essentially the same
for both military and civilian response. Many threat
The JPEO-CBD collaborated with the BioWatch Program to collocate DoD and agents across the military and civilian spectrums
DHS bio-detection technologies on Andrews AFB, MD. The BioWatch Program are identical, which drives the development of
provides a bio-aerosol environmental monitoring system to our nation’s largest complimentary capabilities and technologies.
cities for early detection of biological attacks. This partnership resulted in several Training requirements are also similar, and in many
significant initiatives: cases, identical; the greatest difference is between
operational environments. Military environments are
• Enhancing assay equivalency work currently underway between the CDC and normally harsher and more austere, requiring a higher
DoD laboratories
level of ruggedized equipment and greater logistics
• Developing multi-agency (national and local) CONOPS for event notification – support. Additional interagency partnerships are
the genesis for developing an expanded CONOPS for the NCR outlined in the table on the following page.
• Initiating collector re-site activity within the NCR that seeks to optimize DoD
and DHS bio-monitoring capabilities – a strong first step in solidifying the
National Bio-monitoring Architecture
Senior Airman Ian Cox–Train, 8th Security Forces augmentee, defends an entry control point with a M16 rifle, wearing MOPP level 4
gear during the BEVERLY BULLDOG 08-03 peninsula-wide operational readiness exercise. (U.S. Air Force photo by Senior Airman
Angela Ruiz)
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Department of Defense Chemical Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress 2010
INITIATIVES
• The Military Departments, DoD, and OGAs are working to inform U.S. CBDP Enterprise Interagency Relationships
policy decisions to optimize the balance between risks associated
with allowing access to biological select agents and toxins (BSAT) for DARPA As it relates to CBDP, the DARPA develops
research and the importance of BSAT research for force and public health revolutionary new detection, diagnostics,
protection. Currently, there is ongoing review and evaluation regarding and decontamination of CB threats.
the efficacy and cost/benefit of laboratory security and personnel The DARPA’s programs are intended to
reliability programs instituted by the DoD and Services since 2001. complement the CBDP by anticipating and
developing novel defenses against future
• The INBDP Initiative is an integrated, end-to-end national biodefense threats. The DARPA invests primarily in
portfolio for MCM products among the National Institute of Allergies early technology development phases and
and Infectious Diseases, BARDA, DARPA, and CBDP (JSTO-CBD and the demonstration of prototype systems.
JPM-CBMS). The INBDP ensures optimal development and acquisition CPRC Interagency executive committee that
strategies for CBRN defense to leverage investments, support risk reports on activities and programs to
mitigation strategies, and maximize national preparedness. The combat WMD.
integrated interagency portfolio, to include the TMTI, will enable cost- Technical Interagency forum that identifies,
sharing, knowledge-sharing, people-sharing, and program sharing to Support prioritizes, and coordinates interagency
maximize the likelihood of success in the shortest amount of time with Working and international R&D requirements for
the largest impact for the investment dollar. Group combating terrorism.
• The U.S. Government has a requirement for development of MCMs and DHS (S&T Primary R&D arm of the DHS that guides
has been supporting R&D, advanced development, and procurement. Directorate) and organizes research efforts to meet
The BARDA and the CBDP, which fund and manage CBRN MCM R&D emerging and predicted needs.
programs, institutionalized the INBDP and created a Portfolio Advisory DHHS Under Project Bioshield/the BARDA, the
Committee (PAC). The PAC is comprised of agencies within the U.S. DHHS conducts research, development,
Government that support and conduct research on MCMs against CBRN and procurement of safe and effective
CBRN medical countermeasures. The CBDP
threats and includes the DHHS (BARDA and NIH) and DoD (JSTO-CBD,
and DHHS work cooperatively in these
JPEO-CBMS, and DARPA) agencies. The PAC is co-chaired by the BARDA endeavors.
and the CBDP, and it oversees the focused review of MCM programs
CDC The CDC, an agency of the DHHS, supports
that are supported by the U.S. Government. The PAC is performing a
the United States by managing the SNS.
more comprehensive analysis of all U.S. Government MCM pipelines to The DoD acquires Smallpox and Anthrax
assess the likelihood of successful licensure of one or more of potential vaccine from the SNS. The CDC and DoD
candidates. work together in the refinement of their
• Construction proceeded in FY 2009 on the Sample Receipt Facility (SRF) respective Bio-surety programs.
- a uniquely specialized sample handling, analysis, and forensics facility EPA The EPA is responsible for remediation and
nearing completion at the ECBC on the Edgewood Area of Aberdeen recovery of critical infrastructure following
Proving Ground (APG), MD. The SRF is a collaborative effort, funded by an attack with WMD as well as for protecting
the DoD, DHS, and Federal Bureau of Investigation. the nation’s water supply from accidental or
deliberate contamination.
• The DARPA PHD Program seeks to determine methods of detection and
diagnosis of a disease prior to the onset of symptoms. Investigators are
evaluating mucus, breath, and other readily available biological products
to determine whether accurate diagnoses can be made from less invasive
measurements.
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INTERAGENCY AND INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION
ACCOMPLISHMENTS INNOVATIONS
• The DoD now acquires Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed (BioThrax™) and • Co-location of DoD and DHS assets: The
ACAM2000™, the newly licensed Smallpox vaccine that replaced DHS Chemical Security Analysis Center was
Dryvax™, from the SNS via Economy Act orders. established at APG, and the DHS National
• In December 2008, the DoD and DHS signed a MOU on areas of Biodefense Analysis and Countermeasures
cooperation in CB defense. The DoD and DHS developed a MOU Center was set up at Fort Detrick, MD. These
implementation work plan which the EPA has agreed to sign in order facilities have advanced communication
to enhance communications and leverage the capabilities of the other and personnel/technical expertise sharing
departments. This MOU will encourage and enable the agencies to more between the agencies.
quickly establish Joint projects, exchange data, and coordinate or co- • Joint funding of technical projects: Many
fund programs of mutual interest without having to establish separate projects have potential application to both
agreements each time. The work plan’s initial priority is to conduct an military defense and homeland security.
interdepartmental portfolio analysis to identify potential gaps, eliminate The CBDP has started co-funding projects
unnecessary duplication of effort, and maximize existing capabilities. with other agencies, such as the DHS, the
The FY 2009 - 2010 MOU work plan identifies six tasks to enhance CB DARPA, and the EPA. This allows access
defense cooperation between the departments and agencies. to more technology within the budget while
• Conducted a successful TTX in March 2009 for the IBRD Analyzer for strengthening government oversight due
Wide Area Restoration Effectiveness Enhancements restoration planning to the involvement of multiple SMEs from
tool. The IBRD is a joint program between the DoD and the DHS. different agencies. This further promotes
transfer of technology from R&D to fielded
• The Service Staff Directors established the Inter-Service Council for application as project funding transitions
Biosecurity and Biosafety (ICBB) Charter in October 2008. The ICBB from early-phase agencies to acquisition-
focused on Service policies, procedures, and activities to ensure oriented agencies. Duplicative funding of a
compliance with DoD policies on biosecurity, biosafety, and personnel project by different agencies is also reduced
reliability; provided recommendations for improvements in key by this approach.
biosecurity, biosafety, and personnel reliability policy and procedural
issues to the Services; ensured each Service conducted an internal • The DoD, EPA, and DHS are standing up a
review of biosecurity, biosafety, and personnel reliability policy and working group to explore ways to accelerate
implementation; and oversaw that each Service assessed requirements and expand the integration of technology
to maintain a BSAT laboratory infrastructure. The ICBB formed a task development among the agencies. The group
force with working groups composed of subject matter experts from is considering traditional and non-traditional
across the Services and DoD. The following focus areas were reviewed: ways to enhance cooperation among the
agencies’ principal investigators and PMs.
○○Transportation of BSAT
• The DARPA’s AMP Program is revolutionizing
○○Biological Safety vaccine development by providing the
○○Biological Security/Physical Security first ever large-scale emergency response
vaccine and antidote manufacturing process
○○Inspections
to protect U.S. forces against biological
○○Personnel Reliability Program/Foreign Personnel threats, ranging from intentional biowarfare
○○Inventory/Accountability of BSAT to a rapidly emerging pandemic.
○○Training of Personnel • The DARPA’s Rapid Altitude and Hypoxia
Acclimatization (RAHA) program aims
• Review of the focus areas indicated the Services’ policies, regulations, to demonstrate innovative approaches
standards, and procedures in effect before August 2008 met or exceeded to accelerate natural acclimatization at
all federal and DoD requirements. However, the Services agreed to high altitudes (4,000 - 6,000 meters)
establish common standards in each area. Each Service conducted an and alleviate the effects of high altitude
internal review of biosecurity, biosafety, and personnel reliability policy illnesses and hypoxia. Additionally, RAHA
and implementation. Results of the internal reviews remained with the is developing strategies for countering the
Services, but did provide information for analysis and development of lethal effects of hypoxia associated with lung
recommendations within each focus areas. injury as occurs with pandemic influenza,
avian influenza, and aerosolized biological
weapon-induced acute respiratory distress
syndrome.
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Department of Defense Chemical Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress 2010
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INTERAGENCY AND INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION
The JSTO-CBD manages and executes CBDP • Serving as the S&T representative on visits to Indian technical facilities
International S&T activities, including the following: to determine possible collaborative opportunities in the areas of CB
countermeasures and MCMs to radiological exposure.
• Promoting collaboration and harmonization of CB
defense S&T International research activities. • Serving as the national lead and Executive Chair for TTCP CB Defense Group.
Collaborative areas as well as scientist, equipment, material, and information
• Developing and managing CB defense S&T
exchange under this subgroup include the following:
international agreements including Information
Exchange Agreements (IEAs), data exchange ○○Technical Panel (TP)-4 BW Medical Countermeasures
agreements, PAs, the ESEP, and equipment and ○○TP-9 Hazard Assessment
materiel transfers with numerous countries
including the United Kingdom, Singapore, ○○TP-10 Detection of Biological Agents
Australia, Israel, Canada, New Zealand, and the ○○TP-11 IP
Czech Republic.
○○TP-14 Rapid Diagnostics
• Concluding a new IEA with the Czech Republic,
allowing for the exchange of R&D information ○○TP-15 Hazard Management
addressing defense against WMD. Specifically, ○○Action Group (AG)-53 Agent Fate
information exchanged under this IEA includes
○○AG-54 Virtual Battle Space.
approaches, techniques, technologies, testing,
M&S, and assessment methodologies in the • Increasing the level of cooperation in development of novel IPE through
areas of nonproliferation, counterproliferation, enhanced burden sharing and equipment and material transfers. This year,
and consequence management that will support the technical panel exchanged novel sealant material, novel suit materials,
countering WMD and homeland defense and new filter materials. The participants will use these materials to influence
strategies. development of improved IPE with reduced physical burden, which will benefit
our Warfighters.
• Initiating two PAs with Singapore and the
Republic of Korea. These PAs will provide for the • Playing a critical role as the U.S. representative in the R&D subgroup
execution of cooperative research, development, under the United States - Japan CDWG, which is working towards human
and testing for environmental fate of agents and effects extrapolation from animal models using a physiologically based
the evaluation of field portable diagnostics for pharmacokinetic model in support of a decontamination subgroup task.
low-level chemical exposures.
Joint training between the USSOCOM and the Korean Special Forces in JSLIST overgarments.
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Department of Defense Chemical Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress 2010
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INTERAGENCY AND INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION
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Department of Defense Chemical Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress 2010
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INTERAGENCY AND INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION
Aerial photo of the Pentagon, the Headquarters of the DoD. Completed in 1943, it houses approximately 23,000 employees, both
military and civilian.
Under the CWC, the DoD has provided neither CW detection equipment nor
assistance in the transportation, storage, and destruction of CW to other States
Parties, except that which has been provided to Russia and Albania under the
DoD’s Cooperative Threat Reduction Program and the ongoing destruction of
recovered chemical weapons in Iraq by the U.S. Armed Forces.
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Department of Defense Chemical Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress 2010
Summary
Over the course of 2009, the CBDP continued to accomplish its primary goals
for providing operational capabilities to the Joint Force, defining and developing
transformational capabilities, sustaining the Force to operate jointly and
effectively, and improving management practices to fulfill enterprise strategic
roles and missions. The CBDP has made significant progress over the last year
to protect our nation from current and emerging CBRN threats. The focus of the
CBDP enterprise continues to center on:
• Providing rapid response to the needs of the Warfighter
• Advancing the S&T of CBRN defense
• Leveraging resources and intellectual capital across the full spectrum of
federal agencies and allied international partners.
The CBDP is dedicated to maintaining the defensive capabilities of the U.S. Armed
Forces and ensuring that DoD operations are unhindered by WMD threats and
environments. The CBDP continues to develop initiatives and technologies that
build the readiness of the DoD to operate and win in CBRN environments. Our
efforts focus not only on the traditional CB threats of today, but also the dynamic
emerging CBRN threats of tomorrow. The enemies of the United States, our
national interests, and our allies are clever and adaptive, and the CBDP must be
the same.
To remain effective and provide the necessary defensive capabilities for the U.S.
Armed Forces and for overlapping Homeland Defense needs, the CBDP depends
upon continued congressional support. Several priority areas must be sustained
to ensure that the CBDP can continue to execute its mission and meet the
national priorities listed below:
• Adequate and stable resourcing to ensure acquisition and fielding of improved
defensive capabilities, guaranteeing that military operations are unimpeded
by CBRN threats and environments
• Sufficient long-term investment in infrastructure to enhance RDT&E
capabilities to support development of advanced countermeasures against
current and emerging threats and to ensure that test capabilities critical to
the success of the JPMs and operational test agencies can be delivered
• Stable funding to leverage fully advanced S&T innovations needed to address
emerging CBR threats and weapons that may be seen on the battlefield or in
the homeland
• Necessary resources to support continued transition to the new FPC,
strengthening our capabilities to wage multiple concurrent campaigns,
and ensuring sustainment and support of fielded CBDP equipment and
consumables.
77
SUMMARY
Path Forward
The CBDP will continue its mission of providing integrated, coordinated, and
sustainable solutions to the Warfighter for current and emerging CBRN threats.
Current and future requirements will demand that the best technology is used
to develop advanced defensive capabilities. Our goal of enhancing the CBRN
defense capabilities of the U.S. Armed Forces and improving the preparedness
and operability of our Warfighters will be supported by the following major
initiatives:
• Next-generation CB stand-off detection and early warning technologies
• Integrated chemical mapping of battlefield and urban environments
• Research into advanced protective garments and self-decontaminating
coatings
• Expanding our portfolio of simulants and model development for enhanced
assessments
• Advanced medical, chemical, and radiological countermeasures
• Improved air filtration and purification for protection systems
• New decontaminant compounds, systems, and strategies
• Innovative biological pretreatments, viral vaccines, diagnostics, and
therapeutics.
To ensure that the CBDP continues to meet its public obligation to maximize the
efficient use of program funding while executing its mission, the Program will also
undertake the following initiatives to maximize the effectiveness of our efforts,
including:
• Expanding partnerships within the Military Departments/Services, as well
as across OGAs and with allied nations, to expand collaborative efforts and
maximize impact
• Integrating a FoS approach to future capabilities developments
• Utilizing a needs-based research investment strategy for basic information,
surface, chemical, biological, and nano-scale science needs
• Undertaking continuous business process improvement efforts to streamline
the acquisition process while still ensuring maximum program oversight
• Maximizing ROI through enterprise solutions and economic order quantity
purchasing
• Reducing lifecycle operations and maintenance costs by minimizing energy
consumption and logistics burdens.
The CBDP will continue to develop the cutting edge of CBRN defensive capabilities
in anticipation of evolving and emerging threats to our nation, including NTAs,
TICs, TIMs, genetically engineered pathogens, and agents specifically designed to
defeat existing countermeasures. With the support of our President, Congress,
and the Secretary of Defense, we will steadfastly continue our efforts to develop
and expand our capabilities both on the battlefield and at home in defense of our
nation.
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Department of Defense Chemical Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress 2010
Acronyms
A
AChE Acetylcholinesterase
ACM Assessment and Consequence Management
ACTD Advanced Concept Technology Demonstration
ACWA Assembled Chemical Weapons Alternatives
AFCESA Air Force Civil Engineer Support Agency
AFIMS Air Force Incident Management System
AFRL Air Force Research Laboratory
AG Action Group
AMC Air Mobility Command
AMedP Allied Medical Publication
AMP Accelerated Manufacture of Pharmaceuticals
AoA Analysis of Alternatives
APB Acquisition Program Baseline
APG Aberdeen Proving Ground
ARC Annual Report to Congress
ARNORTH U.S. Army North
ASC Active Stand-off Chamber
ATD Advanced Technology Demonstration
ATSD(NCB) Assistant to the Secretary of Defense for Nuclear and Chemical and Biological Defense Programs
AUS/CAN/UK/US Australia, Canada, United Kingdom, and United States
B
BARDA Biological Advanced Research and Development Authority
BSAT Biological Select Agents and Toxins
BW Biological Warfare
BWA Biological Warfare Agent
C
C2 Command and Control
C4ISR Command, Control, Communications, Computers, Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance
CATOX Catalytic Oxidation
CB Chemical and Biological
CBA Capabilities Based Assessment
CBART Chemical and Biological Agent Resistance Test
CBDEWS Chemical and Biological Distributed Early Warning Strategy
CBDP Chemical and Biological Defense Program
CBIRF Chemical Biological Incident Response Force
CBR Chemical, Biological, and Radiological
CBR MOU Chemical, Biological, and Radiological Memorandum of Understanding
CBRN Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear
CBRND Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Defense
CBRNE Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and (High-Yield) Explosive
CBRN-IRC Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Information Resource Center
C-CBRN Counter-Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear
CCSI Common CBRN Sensor Interface
CDC U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
CDTF Chemical Demilitarization Training Facility
CDWG Chemical and Biological Defense Working Group
CHEMRAT Chemical Hazard Estimation Method and Risk Assessment Tool
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ACRONYMS
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Department of Defense Chemical Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress 2010
F
FDA U.S. Food and Drug Administration
FoS Family of Systems
FPC Force Planning Construct
FRP Full Rate Production
G
GD Soman Nerve Agent
GO/FO General Officer/Flag Officer
GSC Global Synchronization Conference
H
HaMMER Hazard Mitigation, Materiel and Equipment Restoration
HAZMAT Hazardous Material
HD Sulfur Mustard Gas
HFV Hemorrhagic Fever Virus
HRDS Human Remains Decontamination System
HSO Health and Safety Orientation
HSPD Homeland Security Presidential Directive
I
IAP Investment Assessment Process
IB Industrial Base
IBRD Interagency Biological Restoration Demonstration
ICB Intracellular Bacterial Pathogen
ICBB Inter-Service Council for Biosecurity and Biosafety
ICD Initial Capabilities Document
IEA Information Exchange Agreement
INATS Improved Nerve Agent Treatment System
INBDP Integrated National Biodefense Medical Countermeasures Portfolio
IND Investigational New Drug
IOP International Oversight Panel
IP Individual Protection
IPE Individual Protective Equipment
IPT Integrated Product Team
ISO International Organization for Standardization
ISS Individual Survival Standards
IT Information Technology
IUID Item Unique Identifier
J
JABT Joint Ambient Breeze Tunnel
JACKS Joint Acquisition CBRN Knowledge System
JACKS-RW Joint Acquisition CBRN Knowledge System Reporting Warehouse
JBAIDS Joint Biological Agent Identification and Diagnostic System
JBPDS Joint Biological Point Detection System
JBSDS Joint Biological Stand-off Detection System
JC3 Joint CB Coverall for Combat Vehicle Crewmen
JCAD Joint Chemical Agent Detector
JCB Joint Capabilities Board
JCD-CBRND Joint Combat Developer for Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Defense
JCG-CBRN Joint Capability Group on Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Defence
JCIDS Joint Capabilities Integration and Development System
JCPE Joint Collective Protection Equipment
JCSD Joint Contaminated Surface Detector
JCTD Joint Capability Technology Demonstration
JCWMDFC Joint Combating Weapons of Mass Destruction Familiarization Course
JEAP Joint Equipment Assessment Program
JECE Joint Elimination Coordination Element
JEM Joint Effects Model
81
ACRONYMS
N
NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization
NAVSEA Naval Sea Systems Command
NBC Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical
NBCRV Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical Reconnaissance Vehicle
NBIC Nanotechnology, Biotechnology, Information Technology, and Cognitive Sciences
NCR National Capital Region
NGB National Guard Bureau
NHP Non-Human Primate
NIAID National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
NIH National Institutes of Health
NIMS National Incident Management System
NMRC Naval Medical Research Center
NMSCWMD National Military Strategy to Combat Weapons of Mass Destruction
NRT Near-Real-Time
NSCWMD National Strategy to Combat Weapons of Mass Destruction
NSTM Naval Ships’ Technical Manual
NTA Non-Traditional Agent
NTNF National Technical Nuclear Forensics
NVG Night Vision Goggles
O
O&S Operations and Sustainment
OASD(HA) Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs
OATSD(NCB/CB) Office of the Assistant to the Secretary of Defense for Nuclear and Chemical and Biological Defense
Programs/Chemical and Biological Defense
OCONUS Outside of the Continental United States
OGA Other Government Agency
OP Organophosphonate
OPCW Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
OSD Office of the Secretary of Defense
OTA Operational Test Agency
P
PA Project Agreement
PAC Portfolio Advisorty Committee
PAIO Program Analysis and Integration Office
PBR Physical Basic Research
PD-TESS Product Director for Test Equipment, Strategy, and Support
PHD Predicting Health and Disease
PI Principle Investigator
PM Program Manager
PME Professional Military Education
PO Program Office
POM Program Objective Memorandum
POR Program of Record
PPBE Planning, Programming, Budget, and Execution
Q
QDR Quadrennial Defense Review
83
ACRONYMS
R
R&D Research and Development
RAHA Rapid Altitude and Hypoxia Acclimatization
RDA Research, Development, and Acquisition
RDT&E Research, Development, Test, and Evaluation
ROI Return on Investment
RSDL Reactive Skin Decontamination Lotion
RTO Research and Technology Organization
RVA Rapid Vaccine Assessment
S
S&T Science and Technology
SaaS-G Soldier as a System-Ground
SC/CS-09 Exercise SOLID CURTAIN/CITADEL SHIELD ‘09
SCC-WMD USSTRATCOM Center for Combating Weapons of Mass Destruction
SME Subject Matter Expert
SNaP Select and Native Programming
SNS Strategic National Stockpile
SoS System of Systems
SRF Sample Receipt Facility
SSA Software Support Activity
STM Science and Technology Manager
SUPCOM 20th Support Command
T
T&E Test and Evaluation
T&R Training and Readiness
TACOM LCMC TACOM Life Cycle Management Command
TAS Threat Agent Science
TAV Total Asset Visibility
TECMIPT Test and Evaluation Capabilities and Methodologies Integrated Process Team
TEI Technical Equipment Inspection
TESWG Test, Evaluation, and Simulation Working Group
TIC Toxic Industrial Chemical
TIIS T&E Infrastructure Investment Strategy
TIM Toxic Industrial Material
TMTI Transformational Medical Technologies Initiative
TOP Test Operations Procedures
TP Technical Panel
TQR Transition Quarterly Review
TRL Technology Readiness Level
TRMC Test Resource Management Center
TS Technical Secretariat
TTA Technology Transition Agreement
TTCP The Technical Cooperation Program
TTI Time Temperature Indicator
TTP Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures
TTX Table-Top Exercise
U
U.S.C. United States Code
USACBRNS United States Army Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear School
USAMANSCEN United States Army Maneuver Support Center
USAMRIID United States Army Research Institute for Infectious Diseases
USD(AT&L) Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology and Logistics
USEUCOM U.S. European Command
USNORTHCOM U.S. Northern Command
USPACOM U.S. Pacific Command
USSOCOM U.S. Special Operations Command
USSOUTHCOM U.S. Southern Command
USSTRATCOM U.S. Strategic Command
USTRANSCOM U.S. Transportation Command
84
Department of Defense Chemical Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress 2010
V
VCT Virtual Crew Trainer
VEE Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis
W
WMD Weapons of Mass Destruction
WMD-E Weapons of Mass Destruction-Elimination
WSLAT Whole System Live Agent Testing
X
-
Y
-
Z
-
85
DRAFT FOUO