Numbers 02

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved
Table Of Contents
Introduction ......................................................................page 3
Lesson 01
Fractions/ Decimals Conversions Examples ................. page 4
Fractions/ Decimals Conversions Tutorial ..................... page 5
Fractions/ Decimals Conversions Solutions .................. page 6
Lesson 02
Fractions Operations Examples ..................................... page 7
Fractions Operations Tutorial ......................................... page 8
Fractions Operations Solutions ...................................... page 9
Lesson 03
Lesson 04
Decimal Operations Examples ....................................... page 14
Decimal Operations Tutorial .......................................... page 15
Decimal Operations Solutions ........................................ page 16
Lesson 05
Approximation/ Estimation Examples ............................. page 17
Approximation/ Estimation Tutorial ................................. page 18
Approximation/ Estimation Solutions .............................. page 19
Lessons 06
Applications of Fractions Examples ............................. page 10
Review Exercise....................................................... page 20 - 21
Applications of Fractions Tutorial ................................ page 11
Review Solutions...................................................... page 22 - 23
Applications of Fractions Solutions ...................... page 12 - 13
Numbers 6 Pack - 2 page 2
Introduction
Copyright Notice
Kenneth Morley has been a Mathematics

Teacher for over 25 years. He has taught the
age range 11 - 19. He graduated with an Upper
Second Bachelor of Science Honours degree in
Mathematical Sciences (subjects included
pure/ applied mathematics, statistics, numerical
analysis and computing). He acquired a Post
Graduate Certificate in Mathematical Education
shortly afterwards. Both qualifications were gained in the United
Kingdom.
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A Message from the Tutor

Thank for you buying this e-tutorial. The tutorial comprises of ten
tutorial lessons, and two review tutorial lessons all with
comprehensive solutions
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them as comprehensive as possible so that they can easily be
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Lesson 01
Fractions Conversions
Examples
Change the following fractions to decimals:
1.
1
4
2.
3
8
3.
Decimals Conversions
Examples
Change the following decimals to fractions in their lowest form:
1. 0.8
2. 0.82
3. 0.825
11
20
Solutions
Solutions
1. 0.8 =
8
4
=
10
5
0.25
1. 4 1.00
0.375
2. 8 3.000
0.55
3. 20 11.00
2. 0.82 =
82
41
=
100
50
3. 0.825 =
825
33
=
1000
40
Lesson 01 Tutorial
Fractions Conversions Exercise
Decimals Conversions Exercise
Change the following fractions into decimals:

Change the following decimals into fractions in their lowest forms:
1.
3
4
2.
5
8
3.
9
20
3. 0.675
4.
31
50
4. 0.95
5.
11
40
6.
17
20
7.
15
16
8.
31
40
9. 1.125
9.
15
32
10. 2.25
10.
69
80
1. 0.6
2. 0.65
5. 0.74
6. 0.975
7. 0.48
8. 0.84
Lesson 01 Fractions Conversions Solutions
Decimals Conversions Solutions
Change the following fractions into decimals:
Change the following decimals into fractions in their lowest forms:
1.
3
= 0.75
4
1. 0.6 =
2.
5
= 0.625
8
2. 0.65 =
3.
9
= 0.45
20
3. 0.675 =
4.
31
= 0.62
50
4. 0.95 =
19
95
=
100
20
5.
11
= 0.275
40
5. 0.74 =
37
74
=
100
50
6.
17
= 0.85
20
6. 0.975 =
7.
15
= 0.9375
16
7. 0.48 =
12
48
=
100
25
8.
31
= 0.775
40
8. 0.84 =
21
84
=
100
25
9.
15
= 0.46875
32
9. 1.125 =
10.
69
= 0.8625
80
10. 2.25 =
3
6
=
10
5
13
65
=
100
20
27
675
=
1000
40
39
975
=
1000
40
9
1125
=
1000
8
9
225
=
100
4
Lesson 02
Fraction Operations
3.
5
7
7
x
=
by cancellation of common factor 5
8 15
24
4.
3
6
5
7
Examples
1.
2.
2
3
+
5
4
=
8 + 15
20
3 7
x
5 6
23
20
7
10
=1
3
20
6 4
7 5
=
30 28
35
2
35
Lesson 02 Tutorial
Fractions Exercise
1.
3
1
+
5
8
9.
2
4
x
3
5
2.
1
7
+
4
10
10.
2
2
x1
9
3
3.
3
9
+3
8
16
11.
5
7
x2
9
10
4.
1
1
+2
3
4
12.
9
2
x2
40
3
5.
2 1
3 2
13.
4
2
2
5
3
6.
1 1
3 5
14.
5
15
8
32
7.
3
1
-1
8
4
15.
8.
5
9
-1
8
10
5
7
16
12
Lesson 02 Solutions
Fractions Exercise
1.
24 + 5
3
1
29
+
=
=
5
8
40
40
9.
2
4
8
x
=
3
5
15
2.
1
7
5 + 14
19
+
=
=
4
10
20
20
10.
2
2
25
10
x1 =
=
9
3
93
27
3. 1
3
9
6+9
15
+3
=4+
=4
8
16
16
16
11.
1
5
7
5 27
x2
=
=1
9
10
9 10
2
4. 1
1
1
4+3
7
+2 =3+
=3
3
4
12
12
12.
9
2
98
3
x2 =
=
40
3
40 3
5
5.
2 1
43
1
=
=
3 2
6
6
13.
4
2
43
3
2 =
=
5
3
58
10
6.
1 1
53
2
=
=
3 5
15
15
14.
5
15
5 32
1
=
=1
8
32
8 15
3
7. 3
3
32
1
1
-1 =3-1+(
)=2
8
8
8
4
8. 2
5
9
105 76
29
-1
=
=
8
10
40
40
15. 1
5
21 12
7
1
=
=2
16
16 7
12
4
Lesson 03
Solutions:
Applications of Fractions
Examples
1. A girl has an allowance of $40. She spends
11
of his allowance on game equipment. He has
12
$5 left. How much was his allowance?
2. A boy spends
3. A group of 40 students went into a record shop.
2
bought pop
5
1
bought rap CDs and the rest bought rock CDs. How
4
many bought rock CDs?
5
3
3
=
of $40 left. This is
x 40 = $15
8
8
8
2. The boy has 1 -
11
1
=
left.
12
12
5
on clothes. How
8
much does she have left?
CDs,
1. The girl has 1 -
1
12
$5. His allowance is
, = 5 x 12 = $60
12
12
3. Fraction which bought rock CDs = 1 - (

-
(8 + 5)
2
1
+ )=1
=1
5
4
20
13
7
=
20
20
Number of students who bought rock CDs =
7
x 40 = 14
20
Lesson 03 Tutorial
9. A school has 700 students in Years 1 - 7.
Fractions Applications Exercise

1. Calculate
and
7
of $960
12
7
of her monthly budget and has $125 left.
8
How much is her monthly budget?
2. A housewife spends
3
of them are red, and the rest are
3. A box contains 350 marbles.
7
blue. How many are blue?
4. 55 athletes take part in an endurance race.
7
manage to finish.
11
How many did not?

5. A girl buys a bag of sweets. She eats
5
of them and has 4 left.
6
How many sweets did she buy?

6. A building has 360 rooms. If
5
are occupied, how many are
9
empty?
9
of a water tank. If 16 litres are left, what is the
10
capacity of the tank?
7. A boy empties
8. Shirley spent $450 shopping. She spend
1
of her money on
3
3
on jackets and the rest on scarves. How much did she
5
pay for the scarves?
jeans,
1
are in Years 1 - 3,
5
3
are in Years 4 - 5. How many are in Years 6 - 7?
7
10. A maths test is marked out of 180. The marks are allocated as
4
5
, Algebra
and Geometry, the remainder.
follows: Number
9
12
How many marks are there for Geometry?
11. A syndicate of 5 members share a small lottery winning of
$135,000 according to their contributions to the tickets. Two
1
each, and another two
4
3
members are each entitled to
each. How much money does
20
the remaining member receive?

12. A group of 3 neighbours decide to form a car pool and share
rides into work. Their payments towards travel costs of $120
depends on usage. One neighbour pays
1
and another pays
6
3
. How much does the third neighbour pay?
8
Lesson 03 Fractions Applications Solutions

1. Calculate
7
of $960 = 7 x 80 = $560
12
6. A building has 360 rooms. If
7
of her monthly budget and has $125 left.
8
How much is her monthly budget?
1
$125, so her allowance = 125 x 8 = $1000
8
2. A housewife spends
3. A box contains 350 marbles.
3
of them are red, and the rest are
7
blue. How many are blue?

1-
3
4
=
x 350 = 200
7
7
7
manage to finish.
11
How many did not?

7
4
=
x 55 = 20
11
11
5. A girl buys a bag of sweets. She eats
5
of them and has 4 left.
6
5
1
6
=
4. Number of sweets = , 4 x 6 = 24
6
6
6
1-
5
4
=
x 360 = 160
9
9
9
of a water tank. If 16 litres are left, what is the
10
capacity of the tank?
7. A boy empties
1-
9
1
10
=
16. Capacity of tank =
, 16 x 10 = 160 litres
10
10
10
1
of her money on
3
3
on jackets and the rest on scarves. How much did she
5
pay for the scarves?
jeans,
Fraction spent on scarves = 1 - (
How many sweets did she buy?

1-
empty?
8. Shirley spent $450 shopping. She spend
4. 55 athletes take part in an endurance race.
1-
5
are occupied, how many are
9
(5 + 9)
1
3
14
=1+ )=1
3
5
15
15
1
15
She paid =
1
x 450 = $30 for the scarves
15
Lesson 03 Solutions
9. A school has 700 students in Years 1 - 7.
and
1
are in Years 1 - 3,
5
3
are in Years 4 - 5. How many are in Years 6 - 7?
7
(7 + 15)
1
3
Fraction in Years 6 - 7 = 1 - ( + ) = 1
5
7
35
22
13
=
=135
35
13
x 700 = 260
35
10. A maths test is marked out of 180. The marks are allocated as
4
5
, Algebra
and Geometry, the remainder.
follows: Number
9
12
How many marks are there for Geometry?
Number of students in Years 6 - 7 =
Fraction allocated to Geometry = 1 - (

=1
4
5
+ )
9
12
(15 + 16)
5
= 1 - 31 =
36
36
36
Geometry marks allocated =
11. A syndicate of 5 members share a small lottery winning of

$135,000 according to their contributions to the tickets. Two
1
each, and another two
4
3
each. How much money
20
does the remaining member receive?

Fraction remaining member receives = 1 - (
=1
(10 + 6)
1
=
20
5
Remaining member receives
12. A group of 3 neighbours decide to form a car pool and share

rides into work. Their payments towards travel costs of $120
depends on usage. One neighbour pays
pays
=1
1
and another
6
3
. How much does the third neighbour pay?
8
1
3
+ )
6
8
( 4 + 9)
11
=
24
24
Third neighbour pays
1
x 135,000 = $27,000
5
Fraction third neighbour pays 1 - (

5
x 180 = 25
36
2
6
+
)
4
20
11
x 120 = $55
24
Lesson 04
Decimal Operations
Examples
3. Remove the decimal points and multiply

14 x 5 = 70
Without using calculators work out:
Count the decimal places in both numbers = (14) 1 + (0005) 3 =

4
1. 11312 + 569
Put back in the 4 decimal places in your answer (70) by counting

from the right going to the left.
2. 5 - 387
14 x 0005 = 0007 (Note: we write 00070 as 0007)
3. 14 x 0005
4. 36 004
1.
11312
+5690
4. 36 004 =
Make the number on the bottom a whole number by moving the

decimal point 2 places to the right. To keep everything the same,
move the number on the top 2 places to the right as well to get:
17002
=
2.
500
-387
113
36
0 04
360
4
= 90
Lesson 04 Tutorial
Decimal Operations
Without using calculators work out:
1. 15038 + 4912
2. 1258 + 8761
3. 8105 + 212 + 3831
4. 12912 + 13101 + 957
5. 2317 + 7483 + 4906
6. 3 - 198
7. 7 - 501
8. 12 - 957
9. 34 - 1782
10. 10 - 499
11. 52 x 06
12. 301 x 002
13. 85 x 004
14. 399 x 0005
15. 15 x 00007
16. 81 09
17. 56 007
18. 480 0008
19. 132 011
20. 256 0064
Lesson 04 Solutions
1. 15038 + 4912 = 1995
2. 1258 + 8761 = 21341
12. 301 x 002 = (301 x 2) = 602 (4dp)

= 00602
13. 85 x 004 = (85 x 4) = 340 (3dp)
= 034
3. 8105 + 212 + 3831 = 14056

14. 399 x 0005 = (399 x 5) = 1995 (5dp)
4. 12912 + 13101 + 957 = 35583
5. 2317 + 7483 + 4906 = 311436
6. 3 - 198 = (300 - 198)
001995
15. 15 x 00007 = (15 x 7) = 105 (4dp)
= 00105
= 102
16. 81 09 =
7. 7 - 501 = (700 - 501)
= 199
8. 12 - 957 = (1200 - 957)
= 243
81
=9
9
17. 56 007 =
560
= 800
7
18. 480 0008 =
480,000
= 60,000
8
19. 132 011 =
1320
= 120
11
9. 34 - 1782 = (3400 - 1782)

= 1618
10. 10 - 499 = (1000 - 499)
= 501
11. 52 x 06 = (52 x 6) = 321 (2dp)
= 312
20. 256 0064 =
2560
= 140
64
Lesson 05
Approximation/ Estimation
An old car needs work doing on its engine, cooling system and
transmission. The owner takes it to a nearby car repair workshop for
an estimate of the cost of the work that needs to be done to get the
car in good shape again.
The mechanic will not give the exact cost without very close
inspection, but based on what the car owner tells him, will give an
estimated or approximate cost for the repair.
To make his estimate the mechanic would need to work out
generally what he would need to charge the car owner for the repair.
His estimate would be:
Engine
Cooling System
Transmission
Labour
Total
$
350
80
160
240
830
The approximate costs that the mechanic gives have been rounded
to the nearest $10.
Rounding is a useful way of approximating numbers.
Examples
Round the following:
1. 46 to the nearest 10
2. 168 to the nearest 50
3. 1,882 to the nearest 100
1. Looking at the 6 in 46, we can see that 46 is closer to 50 than 40,
so the answer is 50
2. Looking at the 68 in 168, we can see that 168 closer to 150 than
200, so the answer is 150
3. Looking at the 82 in 1,882, we can see that 1,882 is closer to 1,
900 than 1,800, so the answer is 1,900
Estimation of Calculations
Examples
Estimate the following calculations:
1. 206 x 119
2. 141 6.8
3.
13 7 7 8
28 2
2 x 12 24
14
2
7
14 8
4
28
Lesson 05 Tutorial
Rounding Exercise
Round the following numbers to the nearest 10
Estimation Exercise
Estimate these calculations:
1. 81
1. 1 99 x 5 02
2. 293
2. 499 x 8 98
3. 779
3. 16 01 x 0 98
4. 622
4. 24 9 x 399
5. 801
5. 789 179

6. 252
7. 56
8. 697
9. 1,248
6. 1501 492
7. 299 58
8. 4891 704
9.
4 98 7 89
3 88
10.
7 01 4 02
13 98
11.
18 1 2 9
27 2
12.
9 02 3 98
5 89 2 01
10. 2,374
11. 428
12. 582
13. 776
14. 1,492
15. 52,324
Lesson 05 Solutions
Rounding Exercise
Estimation Exercise
Estimate these calculations:
1.
81
80
2. 293
290
3. 779
780
4. 622
620
5. 801
800

6. 252
250
7. 56
50
8. 697
700
9. 1,248
1,250
10. 2,374
2,350

11. 428
400
12. 582
600
13. 776
800
14. 1,492
1,500
15. 52,324
52,300
1 99 x 5 02
2 x 5 10
2. 499 x 8 98
5 x 9 45
3. 16 01 x 0 98
16 x 1 16
4. 24 9 x 399
25 x 4 100
5. 789 179
82 4
6. 1501 492
15 5 3
7. 299 58
30 6 5
8. 4891 704
49 7 7
9.
4 98 7 89
3 88
58
10
4
10.
7 01 4 02
13 98
74
2
14
11.
18 1 2 9
27 2
12.
9 02 3 98
5 89 2 01
1.
18 3
2
27
9 4
36
3
62
12
Lesson 06 Review Tutorial

Lessons 01 - 05
1. Change the following fractions to decimals
a
b
c
d
e
4
5
5
8
11
20
16
25
27
40
2. Change the following decimals to fractions in their lowest terms

a
07
085
052
0875
07125
3. Calculate, giving your answers in their lowest terms:

a
1
7
+
4 10
2 3
3 5
2 1
x
3 4
1
4
x1
6
5
3
1
5
8
4
2
1
3
9
3
5
3
+2
6
4
5
4
-1
6
9
4. A school has 900 students.
8
are in the lower section. How
15
many students are in the upper section?

5. In a survey of 450 students on academic subjects,
liked Mathematics,
2
said they
5
1
said they liked English and the rest said
6
they liked History. How many students liked History?
6. Work out:
c
to the nearest 100
12038 + 785
11921 + 42702 + 8119
i)
588
7 - 504
ii)
710
11 - 843
iii)
1,256
51 x 002
iv)
3,993
935 x 0004
729 009
201 x 897
344 0008
592 x 1201
1401 692
5604 794
11 92 8 07
23 93
9 91 8 04
5 03 7 99
7. Round the following numbers

a
to the nearest 10
i)
83
ii)
197
iii) 252
iv) 319
b
to the nearest 50
i)
68
ii)
248
iii)
591
iv)
326
8. Estimate the following calculations:
Lesson 06 Solutions
1
Fractions to decimals
a
08
0625
055
064
0675
Decimals to fractions
Fractions calculations
a
1
7
5 + 14
19
+
=
=
20
20
4 10
2 3 10 9
1
=
=
15
15
3 5
5
3
10 + 9
7
7
+2 =1+2+
=4
= 3 +1
12
12
12
6
4
5
4
7
15 8
- 1 = (2 - 1) +
=1
18
18
6
9
7
10
85
17
=
100
20
2 1
1
x
=
3 4
6
52
13
=
100
25
1
4
1
25 9 15
x1 =
=7
=
65
2
2
6
5
875
7
=
8
1000
3
1
5
35 4
5 =
=
8 21
6
8
4
2
1
2
20 3
3 =
=
9
10
9
3
3
7125
57
=
10000
80
Fraction in the upper section = 1 -
8
7
=
15 15
7
x 900 = 420
Number of students =
15
5
Fraction who liked History = 1 - (

Number of students =
13
x 450 = 195
30
Decimal operations
50
ii
250
iii
600
iv
350
nearest 100
600
ii
700
iii
1,300
iv
4,000
12038 + 785 = 19888
11921 + 42702 + 8119 = 170031
7 - 504 = 700 - 504 = 196
11 - 843 = 1100 - 843 = 257
201 x 897
51 x 002 = 51 x 2 = 102 (3dp) = 0102
592 x 1201
6 x 12 = 72
935 x 0004 = 935 x 4 = 3740 (5dp) = 00374
1401 692
14
=2
7
729 009 =
5604 794
56
= 7
8
11 92 8 07
23 93
9 91 8 04
5 03 7 99
h
7
2
1
13
+ )=
5
6
30
nearest 50
729
= 81
9
344 0008 =
3440
= 430
8
Estimation
Rounding numbers
a
nearest 10
i
80
ii
200
iii
250
iv
320
2 x 9 = 18
12 8
=4
24
10 8
=2
58

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Fractions/ Decimals Conversions Examples ................. page 4

Fractions/ Decimals Conversions Tutorial ..................... page 5

Fractions/ Decimals Conversions Solutions .................. page 6

Fractions Operations Examples ..................................... page 7

Fractions Operations Tutorial ......................................... page 8

Fractions Operations Solutions ...................................... page 9

Decimal Operations Examples ....................................... page 14

Decimal Operations Tutorial .......................................... page 15

Decimal Operations Solutions ........................................ page 16

Approximation/ Estimation Examples ............................. page 17

Approximation/ Estimation Tutorial ................................. page 18

Approximation/ Estimation Solutions .............................. page 19

Applications of Fractions Examples ............................. page 10

Review Exercise....................................................... page 20 - 21

Applications of Fractions Tutorial ................................ page 11

Review Solutions...................................................... page 22 - 23

Applications of Fractions Solutions ...................... page 12 - 13

Numbers 6 Pack - 2 page 2

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Numbers 6 Pack - 2 page 4

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Decimals Conversions Exercise

Change the following fractions into decimals:

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Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

Lesson 01 Fractions Conversions Solutions

Decimals Conversions Solutions

Change the following fractions into decimals:

Change the following decimals into fractions in their lowest forms:

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Numbers 6 Pack - 2 page 7

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Numbers 6 Pack - 2 page 8

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Numbers 6 Pack - 2 page 9

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

3. A group of 40 students went into a record shop.

Numbers 6 Pack - 2 page 10

2. The boy has 1 -

much does she have left?

1. The girl has 1 -

3. Fraction which bought rock CDs = 1 - (

Number of students who bought rock CDs =

Copyright 2005 Kenneth Morley All Rights Reserved

9. A school has 700 students in Years 1 - 7.

Fractions Applications Exercise

4. 55 athletes take part in an endurance race.

How many did not?

How many sweets did she buy?

8. Shirley spent $450 shopping. She spend

Numbers 6 Pack - 2 page 11

members are each entitled to

the remaining member receive?

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Lesson 03 Fractions Applications Solutions